scholarly journals New Insights into the Biological and Pharmaceutical Properties of Royal Jelly

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saboor Ahmad ◽  
Maria Graça Campos ◽  
Filippo Fratini ◽  
Solomon Zewdu Altaye ◽  
Jianke Li
Keyword(s):  
Royal Jelly ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Comprehensive Understanding ◽  
Mandibular Glands ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Queen Bees ◽  
Pharmaceutical Properties ◽  
Insight Into

Royal jelly (RJ) is a yellowish-white and acidic secretion of hypopharyngeal and mandibular glands of nurse bees used to feed young worker larvae during the first three days and the entire life of queen bees. RJ is one of the most appreciated and valued natural product which has been mainly used in traditional medicines, health foods, and cosmetics for a long time in different parts of the world. It is also the most studied bee product, aimed at unravelling its bioactivities, such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-aging, immunomodulatory, and general tonic action against laboratory animals, microbial organisms, farm animals, and clinical trials. It is commonly used to supplement various diseases, including cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular, and Alzheimer’s disease. Here, we highlight the recent research advances on the main bioactive compounds of RJ, such as proteins, peptides, fatty acids, and phenolics, for a comprehensive understanding of the biochemistry, biological, and pharmaceutical responses to human health promotion and life benefits. This is potentially important to gain novel insight into the biological and pharmaceutical properties of RJ.

Bulinga izpausmes skolā: kriminoloģiskās problēmas

2021 ◽  
pp. 258-268
Author(s):  
Aldona Kipāne
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Complex Analysis ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Document Analysis ◽  
Violent Behaviour ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Empirical Research Methods ◽  
Insight Into

The article gives an insight into criminological problems of bullying in school phenomena. Although the term “bullying” is a modern word, such behaviour has been known for a long time. Bullying is a manifestation of violent behaviour, which threatens the victim's health and safety. The aim of this article is to describe and analyse bullying as a form of expression of violence, showing the criminological aspects of this phenomenon. To achieve the aim of the article the following tasks are defined: to provide the theoretical and practical framework of the research phenomenon, to study and evaluate certain elements of the criminological characterization of the bullying: the description of a victim and a perpetrator, the evaluation of factors and directions of prevention. Theoretical analysis methods such as deconstruction, descriptive and complex analysis, and empirical research methods – document analysis, comparison and compilation were employed in this study.

scholarly journals Comparative Study on Quality Parameters of Royal Jelly, Apilarnil and Queen Bee Larvae Triturate

2017 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Rodica MARGAOAN ◽  
Liviu Alexandru MARGHITAS ◽  
Daniel Severus DEZMIREAN ◽  
Otilia BOBIS ◽  
Victorita BONTA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Royal Jelly ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Total Protein Content ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Soxhlet Method ◽  
Kjeldahl Method

Given their beneficial effects in terms of health, the natural products, especially beehive products, have drawn the attention of consumers since long time ago. In order to guarantee the quality of these products on the market, their chemical composition needs to be analyzed. Thus, this current research had as objective the establishment of quality parameters for beehive brood food derived products: apilarnil and queen bee larvae triturate. These two products were compared with royal jelly which is the basis of brood food in the first 3 days of larval stage. The carbohydrates were determined by HPLC-IR and allowed the identification of seven carbohydrate compounds, predominantly glucose, fructose and sucrose. The lipid profile was analyzed by the Soxhlet method. The total protein content was determined by the Kjeldahl method. Free amino acids were analyzed by LC-MS. A total of 31 amino acids were identified of which nine are essential amino acids for humans. 

scholarly journals Tropilaelaps of bees - epizootiological picture with special emphasis on the first description of the parasite in bumblebees and bees in Serbia

2014 ◽  
Vol 68 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 371-378
Author(s):  
Marija Manic ◽  
Bosiljka Djuricic ◽  
Z. Raicevic
Keyword(s):  
Royal Jelly ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Acarapis Woodi ◽  
Real Risk ◽  
International Transport ◽  
Queen Bees ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Bee Disease ◽  
First Time ◽  
Bee Colonies

Honey bees are the most significant pollinators of plants worlwide. Importance of plant pollination widely exceeds all other economic benefits of modern beekeeping such as production of honey, Royal jelly, propolis, beeswax, honeybee venom etc. The issues concerning bees diseases are of extreme importance in modern commercial beekeeping. That especially regards to the fact that the number of disease agents in bees has considerably increased in recent decades. Using international transport, export or import of bees and their products, the possibility of entering various agents (parasites, bacterias, viruses and fungi) into bee colonies. In recent years one of the biggest problems in beekeeping in Asia has become tropilaelaps - ectoparasitic bee disease caused by mites of the genus Tropilaelaps. But because of prevalent interest in parasites Varroa destructor and Acarapis woodi, the threat of mites from Tropileaps family has not been familiar for a long period of time. Today, Tropilaelaps is on the list of diseases endangering the whole world, made by OIE. There is a real risk of its spreading, mostly through trade, that is import of bees, swarms, queen bees, bee products and equipment. In the Republic of Serbia, this disease was described for the first time in April-May 1981 in bumblebees and bees in which a mass infestation with until then unknown parasites was detected. By additional analysis there was found out that the parasite in question was from Laelapidae (Mesostigmata) family, Tropilaelaps.

scholarly journals Role of Statues in the Artistic Commemoration of African Political Leaders: Analysis of 20 Selected National Statues in African Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-77
Author(s):  
Kamau Wango
Keyword(s):  
Public Art ◽  
The Political ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Political Leaders ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Visual Impact ◽  
Insight Into

Artistic commemoration of leaders and other iconic personalities has been in existence for centuries. Statues in particular have been used as a fitting avenue for the commemoration of political leaders and other luminaries in many fields. The premise upon which statues are made is that the subjects featured initiated and attained, in their lifetimes, concrete achievements that significantly impacted upon the lives of their fellow human beings. Other criteria for commemoration include proven integrity, dedication and selflessness in the service of the country and citizens. Statues as an integral part of public art have often generated substantial controversy on various fronts in many countries. Some of these gravitate around issues such as disputed likeness, queries about the fundamental achievements cited of the subject, at times open protests on the actions, character and integrity of the subject as well as the location of the statues. Other areas of contention include the implication of the presence of statues upon the political psyche of the country and their long-time impact on history, the youth and posterity. This paper examines the extent to which African countries have embraced this mode of artistic rendition to commemorate African political leaders in a way that is commensurate to their achievements. It is outside the scope of this paper to delve into the intricate web of back-and-forth arguments about the ‘concreteness’ of the legacies of the featured leaders who are mainly founding political figures of the respective countries. The paper, however, analyses the artistic essence of the selected statues in terms of their visual impact and whether they are indeed useful in articulating the legacies of the subjects and further, whether they ultimately bear ‘enduring visual value’ that spurs conversation and insight into these legacies. Statues must, at the very least, spur debate and conversation into the legacy of the featured subject. It becomes a form of constant interrogation as history itself takes its course; controversy is not necessarily a negative occurrence since it forms part of this discourse. The concept of immortalization, which is what initiators of statues often hope for is much harder to achieve and difficult to define. The paper examines 20 statues of African political leaders in different African Countries.

scholarly journals REVIEW: Organosulphure compound of garlic (Allium sativum L.) and its biological activities

2003 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
UDHI EKO HERNAWAN ◽  
AHMAD DWI SETYAWAN
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Urinary Infection ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Anti Oxidant

Garlic has been used a long time ago as traditional medicines. The valuable bulb is used to treat hypertension, respiratory infection, headache, hemorrhoids, constipation, bruised injury or slice, insomnia, cholesterol, influenza, urinary infection, etc. Garlic bulbs can be used as anti-diabetic, anti-hypertension, anti-cholesterol, anti-atheroschlerosis, anti-oxidant, anti-cell platelet aggregation, fibrinolyse spur, anti-viral, anti-microbial, and anti-cancer. The ultimate bioactive compound of garlic is organo-sulphure components, i.e. alliin, allicin, ajoene, allyl sulphide groups, and allyl cystein. There was not any report of any side effects or toxicity of garlic.

Homeopathy in parasitic diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (40) ◽  
pp. 168-169
Author(s):  
Denise Lessa Aleixo ◽  
Leoni Vilano Bonamin ◽  
Silvana Marques De Araujo
Keyword(s):  
Basic Research ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Experimental Parameters ◽  
Daily Dose ◽  
Sanitary Conditions ◽  
Main Effects

Introduction: The use of homeopathic medicines has increased, once traditional medicines sometimes do not produce the desired effects and because side effects sometimes compromise the treatment. In recent years, research on homeopathy has clearly developed, both in the implementation of more consistent methodologies and in the description of the data and published methods, improvement are still required in these matters. The acknowledgment of homeopathy depends on the credibility of the groups researching this topic Objective: list and criticize articles highlighting main effects, schedule of treatment and potencies used in different animals models. Material and Methods: A review of articles published since 2000 in journals indexed in the PubMed/Scielo databases was performed. Keywords used were parasitosis/homeopathy and parasitosis/ultra-diluted, in English and Portuguese. Specialized journals such as Homeopathy, International Journal of High Dilution Research, and Brazilian Homeopathic Journal were also used. The contents of each issue of these journals were examined for the "Use of highly diluted medication in parasitic infections." Results and Discussion: Thirty nine papers have been gathered. The methodology of the articles surveyed did not meet the requirements listed in the REHBaR[1]. Thirty seven reports have shown the benefits/effects of highly diluted medicine in the treatment of infectious diseases. In models where experimental conditions are carefully controlled, the conclusions follow the same pattern as those observed in the treatment of farm animals, where, even without completely controlled conditions, clinical result is positive. In fourteen reports using the same model, eight where animals were treated in a constant and prolonged way shown a better result, compared with six reports in which animals were treated for a short period of time, receiving a single daily dose. Several authors have conducted clinical trials using commercial formulas, which do not always provide their composition and/or dynamization, making it difficult to reproducing the experiment. In some of the articles, it was not mentioned if the experiments were repeated at least twice. Conclusions: In parasitic infections, the effect of homeopathic medications is still controversial, and the experimental parameters for evaluation shoud be carefully chosen to avoid isolated analyses of data. Researchers should consider results regarding environmental and sanitary conditions of the animal as a whole. The improvement of techniques and expansion of knowledge about highly diluted medicines may lead to a viable alternative to treat parasitic infections. Precise and detailed descriptions will contribute to advances in the use of homeopathy, so that the wider community can benefit, in practice, from these findings. Keywords: homeopathy, parasitic infections, CAM (Complementary and Alternative Medicine). Reference [1] Lüdtke R, Musial F, Wijk R, Witt C, Baumgartner S. Reporting experiments in homeopathic basic research (REHBaR) – A detailed guideline for authors. Homeopathy. 2009; 98:287-298.

Cepsim sluokātni, paltes, plinckus…!

2020 ◽  
pp. 24-37
Author(s):  
Brigita Bušmane
Keyword(s):  
Consonant Clusters ◽  
Folk Culture ◽  
Quality Change ◽  
Development Trends ◽  
Cereal Products ◽  
Different Ages ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Different Origin

The nutrition and names related to it are an essential part of tangible and intangible folk culture. Among them, cereal products used thermally unprocessed or cooked or baked have played an important role for a long time. This article deals with names for baked bread products of different ages not attested in Standard Latvian, thus under several aspects offering an insight into this thematic group of sub-dialectal vocabulary where certain changes based in both tangible and intangible folk culture can be observed over the centuries. These names occur in a wider or narrower area; they are of different origin and give evidence about language contacts, as well as reveal many linguistic phenomena characteristic to sub-dialects. In the sub-dialects, borrowed names are most widespread, e. g. Germanisms pęnkuoks (with variants), plinkšķens, kūka, paltes, Slavisms bliņa (with variants), blinčiks, blinčuks (with variants), sitnieks. Also, the name sluokātnis formed in Latvian to denote a rather ancient dish related to the celebration of the Metenis festivity is spread in a wider area in the sub-dialects. The rest of inherited designations occur less frequently, some of them even in one (or several) particular sub-dialect(s), as the derivations lāpeniņš, lejnieks, plānīte. The examined dialecticisms are reflecting diverse inner development trends in the sub-dialects, for instance, the quality change of vocalism (blina – blīna), insertion of the consonant r (sluokātnis – sluokārtnis), the interchange of voiced and voiceless noise consonants (pentuogs – pentuoks), the interchange of consonant clusters kst, kšķ and šķ (plinkstenis, plinkšķęns, plinšķęns), the use of the affixes -en-, -in- characteristic to nutrition vocabulary (plinkšķene, plinkšķins), as well as the interchange of word stems spread in the sub-dialects (e. g. blina, blinis, blins, bline).

scholarly journals The 100 Top-Cited Studies on Neuropsychology: A Bibliometric Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Zhang ◽  
Ying Xiong ◽  
Yujia Cai ◽  
Linli Zheng ◽  
Yonggang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Web Of Science ◽  
University Of California ◽  
University Of Pennsylvania ◽  
Clinical Neurology ◽  
Comprehensive Understanding ◽  
R Software ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Insight Into

ObjectiveThe present study aimed to identify and analyze the bibliometric characteristics of the 100 top-cited studies on neuropsychology.MethodsWe searched the Web of Science Core Collection database to collect studies on neuropsychology from inception to 31st December 2019. Two authors independently screened the literature and extracted the data. Statistical analyses were performed using R software.ResultsThe 100 top-cited articles were cited a total of 166,123 times, ranging from 736 to 24,252 times per article. All of the studies were published from 1967 to 2014 in 47 journals. Neuropsychologia had the highest number of articles (n = 17), followed by Neurology (n = 8). The top three most productive countries were the USA (n = 60), England (n = 13), and Canada (n = 8). Eight authors contributed the same number of studies as the first author (n = 2) or corresponding author (n = 2). The most productive institute was the University of California (n = 9), followed by the University of Pennsylvania (n = 4). Of the 100 top-cited publications, 64 were original articles, and 36 were reviews. The top three Web of Science categories were clinical neurology (n = 28), behavioral sciences (n = 19), and psychiatry (n = 11).ConclusionThis study provides insight into the impact of neuropsychology research and may help doctors, researchers, and stakeholders to achieve a more comprehensive understanding of trends and most influential contributions to the field, thus promoting ideas for future investigation.

scholarly journals Comparing Information Metrics for a Coupled Ornstein–Uhlenbeck Process

Entropy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 775 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Heseltine ◽  
Eun-jin Kim
Keyword(s):  
Relative Entropy ◽  
Uhlenbeck Process ◽  
Relaxation Problem ◽  
Ornstein Uhlenbeck Process ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Information Change ◽  
Information Metrics ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Linear Geometry

It is often the case when studying complex dynamical systems that a statistical formulation can provide the greatest insight into the underlying dynamics. When discussing the behavior of such a system which is evolving in time, it is useful to have the notion of a metric between two given states. A popular measure of information change in a system under perturbation has been the relative entropy of the states, as this notion allows us to quantify the difference between states of a system at different times. In this paper, we investigate the relaxation problem given by a single and coupled Ornstein–Uhlenbeck (O-U) process and compare the information length with entropy-based metrics (relative entropy, Jensen divergence) as well as others. By measuring the total information length in the long time limit, we show that it is only the information length that preserves the linear geometry of the O-U process. In the coupled O-U process, the information length is shown to be capable of detecting changes in both components of the system even when other metrics would detect almost nothing in one of the components. We show in detail that the information length is sensitive to the evolution of subsystems.

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