scholarly journals Main Applications of Cyclodextrins in the Food Industry as the Compounds of Choice to Form Host–Guest Complexes

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 1339
Author(s):  
Antía Gonzalez Pereira ◽  
Maria Carpena ◽  
Paula García Oliveira ◽  
Juan Carlos Mejuto ◽  
Miguel Angel Prieto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
General Trend ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Target Material ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Food Manufacturing ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Cyclic Oligomers ◽  
Effective Procedures

Cyclodextrins (CDs) are cyclic oligomers broadly used in food manufacturing as food additives for different purposes, e.g., to improve sensorial qualities, shelf life, and sequestration of components. In this review, the latest advancements of their applications along with the characteristics of the uses of the different CDs (α, β, γ and their derivatives) were reviewed. Their beneficial effects can be achieved by mixing small amounts of CDs with the target material to be stabilized. Essentially, they have the capacity to form stable inclusion complexes with sensitive lipophilic nutrients and constituents of flavor and taste. Their toxicity has been also studied, showing that CDs are innocuous in oral administration. A review of the current legislation was also carried out, showing a general trend towards a wider acceptance of CDs as food additives. Suitable and cost-effective procedures for the manufacture of CDs have progressed, and nowadays it is possible to obtain realistic prices and used them in foods. Therefore, CDs have a promising future due to consumer demand for healthy and functional products.

Effects of Minor Compounds of Edible Oils on Human Health

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 1196-1208
Author(s):  
Ramin Ghodsi ◽  
Rahmat Nosrati
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Edible Oils ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Minor Compounds ◽  
Anti Inflammation

Background: Oils and fats are the densest sources of food energy among food groups. Vegetable oils are constituted predominantly of triglycerides. Due to the importance of edible oils in nutrition, food industry and human health, great attention has been paid to them in recent years. Some minor bioactive constituents in oils include phospholipids, tocols, sterols, carotenoid, chlorophyll, phenols, phylokynon and terpenes. Objective: The aim of the present study was to examine beneficial effects of minor compounds in edible oils on human health. Results: Minor compounds of edible oils that we use daily can produce remarkable results in the prevention and treatment of various diseases like diabetes, inflammation, hypertension, cancer, allergy and central nervous system disorders due to their antimicrobial, anti-cancer, anti-viral, anti-oxidative, anti-inflammation, anti-mutagenic, hypolipidemic, and hypoglycemic properties, among others. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the presence of beneficial minor compounds in oils could have significant impact on the prevention and treatment of various diseases. Therefore, the type of consumed oil can play an important role in human health.

Microencapsulation: A Prospective to Protect Probiotics

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 891-899 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wissam Zam
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Probiotic Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Host Health ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Selection Of

Probiotics are viable microorganisms widely used for their claimed beneficial effects on the host health. A wide number of researchers proved that the intake of probiotic bacteria has numerous health benefits which created a big market of probiotic foods worldwide. The biggest challenge in the development of these products is to maintain the viability of bacterial cells during the storage of the product as well as throughout the gastrointestinal tract transit after consumption, so that the claimed health benefits can be delivered to the consumer. Different approaches have been proposed for increasing the resistance of these sensitive microorganisms, including the selection of resistant strains, incorporation of micronutrients, and most recently the use of microencapsulation techniques. Microencapsulation has resulted in enhancing the viability of these microorganisms which allows its wide use in the food industry. In this review, the most common techniques used for microencapsulation of probiotics will be presented, as well as the most usual microcapsule shell materials.

scholarly journals Electrochemical Biosensors in Food Safety: Challenges and Perspectives

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 2940
Author(s):  
Antonella Curulli
Keyword(s):  
Food Industry ◽  
Electrochemical Sensors ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Electrochemical Biosensors ◽  
Food Chains ◽  
Sensing Systems ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Skilled Personnel ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Key Issues

Safety and quality are key issues for the food industry. Consequently, there is growing demand to preserve the food chain and products against substances toxic, harmful to human health, such as contaminants, allergens, toxins, or pathogens. For this reason, it is mandatory to develop highly sensitive, reliable, rapid, and cost-effective sensing systems/devices, such as electrochemical sensors/biosensors. Generally, conventional techniques are limited by long analyses, expensive and complex procedures, and skilled personnel. Therefore, developing performant electrochemical biosensors can significantly support the screening of food chains and products. Here, we report some of the recent developments in this area and analyze the contributions produced by electrochemical biosensors in food screening and their challenges.

Whole body metabolism is improved by hemin added to high fat diet while counteracted by nitrite: a mouse model of processed meat consumption.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Abu Halaka ◽  
Ofer Gover ◽  
Einat Rauchbach ◽  
Shira Zelber-Sagi ◽  
Betty Schwartz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Processed Meat ◽  
Traditional Food ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Curing Agents ◽  
Whole Body Metabolism ◽  
Processed Meat Consumption

Nitrites and nitrates are traditional food additives used as curing agents in the food industry. They inhibit the growth of microorganisms and convey a typical pink color to the meat....

Pilot plant study on the performance and optimization of submerged membranes for taste and odor removal

2002 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Schideman ◽  
V.L. Snoeyink ◽  
B.J. Mariñas ◽  
M. Kosterman
Keyword(s):  
Lake Michigan ◽  
System Modeling ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Membrane System ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Attractive Alternative ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Ideal Mixing ◽  
Taste And Odor ◽  
Cake Layer

Hybrid sorption-membrane processes are an attractive alternative for meeting a range of water treatment goals in a single process that is compact and cost-effective. This study investigated the performance and optimization of a hybrid sorption-membrane process using powdered activated carbon (PAC) and submerged-style membranes for odor control. Specifically, this study focused on the removal of 2-methylisoborneol (2-MIB) from a Lake Michigan source water and investigated the effects of PAC dose, dosing method, backwash interval, and aeration. Adsorption performance was predicted using a mathematical model, and tested using a pilot-scale, submerged membrane system. Modeling continuously dosed PAC performance agreed well with pilot results, but pulse dosed PAC performance was overestimated by the model. Non-ideal mixing effects were identified as important factors in explaining the pulse dosing results. Pilot results with aeration and pulse dosing were also overestimated by the model. It is hypothesized that aeration disturbs the PAC cake layer that forms on the membrane, and thus eliminates the beneficial effects that this cake layer can have on adsorption. Extending backwash intervals from 30 to 180 minutes with continuous dosing increased the percent removal of 2-MIB by up to 30% in both the model predictions and pilot results. This study highlights some important considerations in the design of full-scale systems and future mathematical models.

scholarly journals Herd Homes: nutrient management and farmer perceptions of performance

2006 ◽  
pp. 309-313
Author(s):  
R.D.Longhurst J. Luo ◽  
M.B. O'Connor ◽  
T. Pow
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Land Application ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Dairy Farmers ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Wood Shavings ◽  
Effective Option ◽  
The Media

The recent invention of Herd Homes has presented NZ dairy farmers with a flexible facility for feeding and standing-off stock especially during wet periods. Herd Homes are a combination of feeding platform, stand-off facility and animal shelter comprising a "greenhouse" type roof over slatted concrete floors with an underfloor manure bunker. The prototype Herd Home built in Northland for 230 cows was closely monitored during its initial year (2002/03). Different bunker media were evaluated for their ability to absorb and retain manure nutrients. The media tested were natural materials (soil, wood shavings and a combination of soil/wood shavings) that were all effective at capturing nutrients (N and S) from the bunker manure. Benefits of media amendments are greater nutrient enrichment of the final bunker manure making it more useful for subsequent land application. Use of soil as a bunker medium appears to be the most viable and cost effective option. In early 2006, manure samples were collected from Herd Home bunkers from four geographically diverse areas of NZ and analysed for nutrient content. Nutrient concentrations found reflected variability in cow numbers, usage and feed inputs. In November 2004, 10 existing Herd Home owners were surveyed as to their reasons for purchase. The farmers reported ease of farm management, "on-off" grazing, reduced pugging damage, and improved stock condition and production were some of the beneficial effects of Herd Homes. Keywords: Herd Homes, winter management, wintering system, stand off, feed pad, manure management, bunker manure

scholarly journals The Use of Essential Oils in Active Food Packaging: A Review of Recent Studies

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 1799
Author(s):  
Muhammad Zeeshan Akram ◽  
Sema Yaman Fırıncıoğlu ◽  
Hassan Jalal ◽  
Sibel Canoğulları Doğan
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Biodegradable Films ◽  
Processed Food ◽  
Active Food Packaging

Public concern on the excessive use of synthetic food additives has raised a great interest to use natural products due to their potential in food and pharmacological industries. Nowadays, chemical food additives are questioned due to their contribution to the health risks and environmental impacts. Among natural additives, essential oils (EOs) are extracted from aromatic compounds and responsible for their biological activities namely antimicrobial and antioxidant capacity. Incorporation of bio-active compounds particularly EOs directly in food or edible/biodegradable food packaging seems to enhance the shelf life and quality characteristics of processed food and protect the consumers against oxidative and bacterial deterioration effects. However, inclusion of EOs in films/coatings for food packaging may put some effects on various properties (optic, tensile and etc.), which can affect the consumer acceptability. Their addition in food can cause some allergic and hypersensitivity reactions to the individuals who use them often. This paper aims to review the latest findings on the use of EOs incorporated with edible/biodegradable films and coatings to enhance the shelf life and quality of the food. Further investigations about essential oils are expected to clarify their exact action and build up their standard use in food industry.

scholarly journals Design and Characterization of Combinational Domperidone-Famotidine Floating Drug Delivery System - In vitro and In vivo studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-162
Author(s):  
Mounika Chidurala ◽  
Raveendra Reddy J
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Quality By Design ◽  
Release Kinetics ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Fickian Diffusion ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Studies

Introduction: The drawbacks assosiated with oral administration of drugscan be controlled or minimized by gastro retentive formulations that remain buoyant within the stomach for an extended time by providing prolonged gastric retention and releasethe drug in an exceedingly extended manner thereby improving bioavailability. The current research was to develop and optimize Domperidone and Famotidine floating tablets with extended release by Quality by Design approach. Method: Based on QTPP (Quality Target Product Profile), CQAs (Critical Quality Attributes)wereidentified. Risk analysis by the evaluation of formulation and process parameters showed that optimizing the levels of polymers could reduce high risk to achieve the target profile. A 23factor experimental design with midpoints was selected for statistical analysis and optimization. Results: HPMC K100 and Carbopol 934P had a positive effect while ethyl cellulose demonstrated a negative effect on the selected responses. Drug release kinetics followed the first-order release with Higuchi diffusion and Fickian diffusion. Optimized formula satisfying all the required parameters was selected and evaluated. The predicted response values were in close agreement with experimental response values. Abdominal X-ray imaging after oral administration of the tablets on a healthy rabbit’s stomach confirmed the extended floating behavior with shorter lag time. In vivo, pharmacokinetic studies in rabbits revealed that the optimized formulation exhibited prolonged drug release with enhanced Cmax, tmax, AUCo-t, and t1/2 of an optimized product when compared to the marketed product. Conclusions: It has been concluded that the application of Quality by Design in the formulation and optimization reduced the number of trials to produce a cost-effective formula.

Effect of Ninjin-Youei-To on Th1/Th2 Type Cytokine Production in Different Mouse Strains

2002 ◽  
Vol 30 (02n03) ◽  
pp. 215-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsutomu Nakada ◽  
Kenji Watanabe ◽  
Guang-Bi Jin ◽  
Kazuo Toriizuka ◽  
Toshihiko Hanawa
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
Cytokine Production ◽  
Interferon Γ ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Mouse Strains ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Herbal Formula ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Th1 And Th2

Ninjin-Youei-To (NYT; Ren-Shen-Yang-Rong-Tang in Chinese) is a traditional herbal formula, which is widely used in Japan, Korea and China to modulate physiological immunity. The effects of oral administration of NYT on cytokine production from splenocytes were investigated in both C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice in which Th1 and Th2 were dominant, respectively. Splenocytes from C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice, which took NYT orally for four weeks, were cultured with anti-mouse CD3 mAb, and the supernatant was examined for cytokine production using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Administration of NYT to C57BL/6 mice, increased the production of interleukin-4 (IL-4) significantly, and slightly decreased interferon-γ (IFN-γ) production from splenocytes. In contrast, the same treatment significantly increased IFN-γ secretion from splenocytes of BALB/c mice. No remarkable changes of IL-12 production from splenocytes were observed in either strain of mice. These results suggest that oral administration of NYT ameliorates the excessive inclination of Th1 and Th2 type cytokine production, and NYT may provide a beneficial effects for the treatment of diseases caused by a skewed Th1-Th2 balance in the immune system.

Seaweeds – a potential source of food, feed and fertiliser

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (03) ◽  
pp. 19-25
Author(s):  
Devinder Dhingra ◽  
K. Kandiannan
Keyword(s):  
Food Additives ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Fish Feed ◽  
Red Seaweeds ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Commercial Cultivation ◽  
The World

Many communities in the world consume naturally growing and cultivated/ farmed seaweeds as food. Currently, commercial cultivation/farming produces more than 96% of seaweeds in the world and only around 3-4% is obtained from wild harvest (noncultivated). Naturally occurring and cultivated seaweeds are categorized into green, brown and red seaweeds, based on their pigmentation. More than 200 species of seaweeds are of commercial value, but only around 10 species of seaweeds are popularly cultivated. China, Indonesia, the Republic of Korea and the Philippines are the leading producers of cultured/ farmed species (viz. Eucheuma, Japanese kelp, Gracilaria, Unndaria pinnatifid); and Chile, China and Norway for wild species (mainly brown and red) and Chilean kelp. Seaweeds are rich in dietary fiber (polysaccharides), essential amino acids, major and micronutrients (minerals), vitamins etc. It has been reported that some species are a good source of plant growth regulators. Mainly, the people in China, Japan and Korea relish the soups, stews, flakes, coatings, snacks, etc., made from seaweeds. The use of seaweeds as human food in India is not very common. The second major use of seaweeds after food is the extraction of three important hydrocolloids (Agar, Alginate and Carrageenan). These are used as food additives and in many other industrial applications. A small portion of seaweed is used as an ingredient as livestock feed and fish feed. Seaweed meal and liquid extract of seaweed have been tried in conjunction with inorganic fertilizers with beneficial effects on crop yield, quality produce and soil health. Seaweed is an important marine resource and the coastline in India can be utilized to commercially cultivate seaweed species beneficial for human health and plants. Research is required in developing functional foods, health foods and nutraceuticals from seaweeds to improve the health and nutritional status of the human population. This paper briefly describes the status of production and utilization of seaweeds in different parts of the world.

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