Metabolic Signatures Associated with Severity in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients

The clinical evolution of COVID-19 pneumonia is poorly understood. Identifying the metabolic pathways that are altered early with viral infection and their association with disease severity is crucial to understand COVID-19 pathophysiology, and guide clinical decisions. This study aimed at assessing the critical metabolic pathways altered with disease severity in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Forty-nine hospitalized patients with COVID-19 pneumonia were enrolled in a prospective, observational, single-center study in Barcelona, Spain. Demographic, clinical, and analytical data at admission were registered. Plasma samples were collected within the first 48 h following hospitalization. Patients were stratified based on the severity of their evolution as moderate (N = 13), severe (N = 10), or critical (N = 26). A panel of 221 biomarkers was measured by targeted metabolomics in order to evaluate metabolic changes associated with subsequent disease severity. Our results show that obesity, respiratory rate, blood pressure, and oxygen saturation, as well as some analytical parameters and radiological findings, were all associated with disease severity. Additionally, ceramide metabolism, tryptophan degradation, and reductions in several metabolic reactions involving nicotinamide adenine nucleotide (NAD) at inclusion were significantly associated with respiratory severity and correlated with inflammation. In summary, assessment of the metabolomic profile of COVID-19 patients could assist in disease severity stratification and even in guiding clinical decisions.

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A Comprehensive Understanding of Electro-Fermentation

Fermentation ◽

10.3390/fermentation6030092 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 92 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Drishti Dinesh Bhagchandanii ◽

Rishi Pramod Babu ◽

Jayesh M. Sonawane ◽

Namita Khanna ◽

Soumya Pandit ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Pathways ◽

Biomass Yield ◽

Carbon Chain ◽

Industrial Applications ◽

Chain Elongation ◽

Comprehensive Understanding ◽

Specific Product ◽

Microbial Strains ◽

Metabolic Reactions ◽

Almost All

Electro-fermentation (EF) is an upcoming technology that can control the metabolism of exoelectrogenic bacteria (i.e., bacteria that transfer electrons using an extracellular mechanism). The fermenter consists of electrodes that act as sink and source for the production and movement of electrons and protons, thus generating electricity and producing valuable products. The conventional process of fermentation has several drawbacks that restrict their application and economic viability. Additionally, metabolic reactions taking place in traditional fermenters are often redox imbalanced. Almost all metabolic pathways and microbial strains have been studied, and EF can electrochemically control this. The process of EF can be used to optimize metabolic processes taking place in the fermenter by controlling the redox and pH imbalances and by stimulating carbon chain elongation or breakdown to improve the overall biomass yield and support the production of a specific product. This review briefly discusses microbe-electrode interactions, electro-fermenter designs, mixed-culture EF, and pure culture EF in industrial applications, electro methanogenesis, and the various products that could be hence generated using this process.

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Characterization in vitro of H+ secretion and H+:Na+ exchange by an organism normally inhabiting a CO2-rich environment: Hymenolepis diminuta (Cestoda) in the rat intestine

Canadian Journal of Zoology ◽

10.1139/z78-317 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 56 (11) ◽

pp. 2344-2354 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

R. B. Podesta

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Pathways ◽

Intestinal Parasite ◽

Hymenolepis Diminuta ◽

Ambient Fluid ◽

Rat Intestine ◽

Ion Concentrations ◽

Intracellular Ion Concentrations ◽

Metabolic Reactions ◽

Stimulation Of

H+ and Na+ transport by the intestinal parasite Hymenolepis diminuta were studied in vitro. The flatworms acidified the ambient fluid by secreting H+ and the acidification could not be correlated with organic acid excretion. Ambient CO2-independent H+ secretion was attributed to protons of metabolic origin: dephosphorylation reactions and ionization of organic acids within the tissues. Ambient CO2-dependent H+ secretion was attributed to protons produced as a result of the hydration of CO2 within the tissue and to the stimulation of anaerobic metabolic pathways by CO2 acting as a cosubstrate in energy metabolism. Studies in which Na+ uptake was stimulated by CO2 or glucose and inhibited by ouabain, amiloride, or Na+ replacement suggested a partial direct coupling of Na+ absorption and H+ secretion but the different activation energies and the effect of buffer anions other than HCO3− suggested an indirect interaction. Various interactions were considered, including the effect of CO2 and intracellular ion concentrations on metabolic reactions leading to the supply of protons for H+ secretion and energy for ion transport.

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Untargeted Metabolomics and Polyamine Profiling in Serum before and after Surgery in Colorectal Cancer Patients

Metabolites ◽

10.3390/metabo10120487 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. 487

Author(s):

Yu Ra Lee ◽

Ki-Yong An ◽

Justin Jeon ◽

Nam Kyu Kim ◽

Ji Won Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Metabolic Pathways ◽

Sphingolipid Metabolism ◽

Proline Metabolism ◽

Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Targeted Metabolomics ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Physiological Alterations ◽

Before And After ◽

Colorectal Cancer Patients

Colorectal cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers in Korea and globally. In this study, we aimed to characterize the differential serum metabolomic profiles between pre-operative and post-operative patients with colorectal cancer. To investigate the significant metabolites and metabolic pathways associated with colorectal cancer, we analyzed serum samples from 68 patients (aged 20–71, mean 57.57 years). Untargeted and targeted metabolomics profiling in patients with colorectal cancer were performed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Untargeted analysis identified differences in sphingolipid metabolism, steroid biosynthesis, and arginine and proline metabolism in pre- and post-operative patients with colorectal cancer. We then performed quantitative target profiling of polyamines, synthesized from arginine and proline metabolism, to identify potential polyamines that may serve as effective biomarkers for colorectal cancer. Results indicate a significantly reduced serum concentration of putrescine in post-operative patients compared to pre-operative patients. Our metabolomics approach provided insights into the physiological alterations in patients with colorectal cancer after surgery.

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Combining a nontargeted and targeted metabolomics approach to identify metabolic pathways significantly altered in polycystic ovary syndrome

Metabolism ◽

10.1016/j.metabol.2017.03.002 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 71 ◽

pp. 52-63 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Alice Y. Chang ◽

Antigoni Z. Lalia ◽

Gregory D. Jenkins ◽

Tumpa Dutta ◽

Rickey E. Carter ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽

Metabolic Pathways ◽

Polycystic Ovary ◽

Targeted Metabolomics ◽

Ovary Syndrome

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Metabolomic Interactions: An Insight into Health and Disease

Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International ◽

10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i39a32142 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 61-67

Author(s):

Maheswara Reddy Mallu ◽

Shaik Mohammad Anjum ◽

Sai Sri Samyutha Katravulapalli ◽

Sri Sai Priya Avuthu ◽

Koteswara Reddy Gujjula ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Engineering ◽

Human Body ◽

Metabolic Pathways ◽

Biological Processes ◽

Therapeutic Treatment ◽

The Past ◽

Metabolic Functions ◽

Health And Disease ◽

Metabolic Reactions ◽

Insight Into

Over the past decade, metabolic engineering has emerged as an active and distinct discipline characterized by its over-arching emphasis on integration. In practice, metabolic engineering is the directed improvement of cellular properties through the application of modern genetic methods. The concept of metabolic regulations deals with the varied and innumerable metabolic pathways that are present in the human body. A combination of such metabolic reactions paves the way to the proper functioning of different physiological and biological processes. Dealing with the adversities of a disease, engineering of novel metabolic pathways showcases the potential of metabolic engineering and its application in the therapeutic treatment of diseases. A proper and deeper understanding of the metabolic functions in the human body can be known from simulated yeast models. This review gives a brief understanding about the interactions between the molecular set of metabolome and its complexity.

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Kinetic compartmentalization by unnatural reaction for itaconate production

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1025432/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Daeyeol Ye ◽

Myung Hyun Noh ◽

Jo Hyun Moon ◽

Alfonsina Milito ◽

Minsun Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Metabolic Engineering ◽

Carbon Source ◽

Metabolic Pathways ◽

Mitochondrial Membrane ◽

Membrane System ◽

Proof Of Concept ◽

Substrate Availability ◽

Competitive Reactions ◽

Metabolic Reactions

Abstract Physical compartmentalization of metabolisms using membranous organelles in eukaryotes is helpful for chemical biosynthesis to ensure the availability of substrates from competitive metabolic reactions. Bacterial hosts lack such a membranous system, which is one of the major limitations for efficient metabolic engineering. Here, we introduced kinetic compartmentalization as an alternative strategy to enable substrate availability from competitive reactions. This method utilizes a non-natural biochemical reaction performed by an engineered enzyme to kinetically isolate the metabolic pathways and ensure substrate availability for the desired reaction. As a proof of concept, we could successfully demonstrate kinetic separation for efficient itaconate production from acetate in Escherichia coli, mimicking the native mitochondrial membrane system in Aspergillus species. Despite the utilization of the non-preferred carbon source, kinetic compartmentalization could lead to substantial increases of itaconate in both yield and titer, suggesting enough potential of our strategy for broad applications in diverse engineering.

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Metabolomics Deciphered Metabolic Reprogramming Required for Biofilm Formation

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-019-49603-1 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Haitao Lu ◽

Yumei Que ◽

Xia Wu ◽

Tianbing Guan ◽

Hao Guo

Keyword(s):

High Frequency ◽

Metabolic Pathways ◽

Biofilm Formation ◽

Amino Acid Metabolism ◽

Acid Metabolism ◽

Metabolic Reprogramming ◽

Antibiotics Resistance ◽

Targeted Metabolomics ◽

Metabolic Phenotyping ◽

Insight Into

Abstract Biofilm formation plays a key role in many bacteria causing infections, which mostly accounts for high-frequency infectious recurrence and antibiotics resistance. In this study, we sought to compare modified metabolism of biofilm and planktonic populations with UTI89, a predominant agent of urinary tract infection, by combining mass spectrometry based untargeted and targeted metabolomics methods, as well as cytological visualization, which enable us to identify the driven metabolites and associated metabolic pathways underlying biofilm formation. Surprisingly, our finding revealed distinct differences in both phenotypic morphology and metabolism between two patterns. Furthermore, we identified and characterized 38 differential metabolites and associated three metabolic pathways involving glycerolipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism and carbohydrate metabolism that were altered mostly during biofilm formation. This discovery in metabolic phenotyping permitted biofilm formation shall provide us a novel insight into the dissociation of biofilm, which enable to develop novel biofilm based treatments against pathogen causing infections, with lower antibiotic resistance.

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