scholarly journals Vibrational Spectroscopy in Assessment of Early Osteoarthritis—A Narrative Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 5235
Author(s):  
Chen Yu ◽  
Bing Zhao ◽  
Yan Li ◽  
Hengchang Zang ◽  
Lian Li
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Vibrational Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Nondestructive Technique ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Detection Technology ◽  
Early Oa

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease, and there is currently no effective medicine to cure it. Early prevention and treatment can effectively reduce the pain of OA patients and save costs. Therefore, it is necessary to diagnose OA at an early stage. There are various diagnostic methods for OA, but the methods applied to early diagnosis are limited. Ordinary optical diagnosis is confined to the surface, while laboratory tests, such as rheumatoid factor inspection and physical arthritis checks, are too trivial or time-consuming. Evidently, there is an urgent need to develop a rapid nondestructive detection method for the early diagnosis of OA. Vibrational spectroscopy is a rapid and nondestructive technique that has attracted much attention. In this review, near-infrared (NIR), infrared, (IR) and Raman spectroscopy were introduced to show their potential in early OA diagnosis. The basic principles were discussed first, and then the research progress to date was discussed, as well as its limitations and the direction of development. Finally, all methods were compared, and vibrational spectroscopy was demonstrated that it could be used as a promising tool for early OA diagnosis. This review provides theoretical support for the application and development of vibrational spectroscopy technology in OA diagnosis, providing a new strategy for the nondestructive and rapid diagnosis of arthritis and promoting the development and clinical application of a component-based molecular spectrum detection technology.

scholarly journals RURAL HOSPITAL CORRELATION OF CLINICAL PRESENTATION, HISTOPATHOLOGY, AND POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION FOR GENITAL TUBERCULOSIS DIAGNOSIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 3474-3478
Author(s):  
Swati Garg
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Genital Tuberculosis ◽  
Operative Laparoscopy ◽  
Tubal Patency ◽  
Patient Reports ◽  
Epithelioid Granuloma ◽  
Peritoneal Biopsy

In India, vaginal tuberculosis (FGTB) is a common cause of infertility, but diagnosis is difficult because of the form of the disease of people in need. Traditional diagnostic methods include the detection of rapid bacilli acid in endometrial or peritoneal biopsy, epithelioid granuloma biopsy, or a positive Expert type in biopsy, although this is only available in a small percentage of cases, leaving patients many are not available. Diagnosis of GTB by PCR along with histopathological findings leads to high sensitivity and specificity. So, both diagnostic and operative laparoscopy and hysteroscopy are the modalities essential for management of genital TB in infertile women. This review discusses various diagnostic modalities including endometrial or peritoneal biopsy to detect epithelioid granuloma on microscopy, role of PCR for GTB and correlation of two for early diagnosis of genital tuberculosis so that management will be started at early stage which can prevent patient from getting permanent damage to organs. Tuberculosis being endemic in counties likes India; it is often a leading cause of infertility. Early diagnosis is crucial because, by the time patient reports with infertility, already the damage has started and reverting tubal patency is almost impossible. Early diagnosis typically fails in developing countries, primarily because there are no pathognomonic signs of the disease and either poor sensitivity or procedurally invasive diagnostic methods are in use.

In vivo targeted imaging of early stage prostate cancer using a transferrin based near-infrared fluorescence probe

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (79) ◽  
pp. 64076-64082 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Zhao ◽  
Jing Peng ◽  
Yuanjie Niu ◽  
Xuening Zhang ◽  
Ning Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Intravenous Injection ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Fluorescence Probe ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Targeted Imaging ◽  
Near Infrared Fluorescence

Intravenous injection of Tf-Au NCs could be applied in the targeted imaging and early diagnosis of prostate cancer in vivo.

scholarly journals Research progress of near-infrared fluorescence immunoassay

2019 ◽  
pp. 001-007
Author(s):  
Ma Ai Jin
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Infrared Detection ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Recent Improvement ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Detection Technology ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Application Potential

Near-infrared fl uorescence immunoassay has been widely studied in the bio analytical fi eld. This review mainly introduces the basic principles of near-infrared spectroscopy and near-infrared detection technology, and summarizes the properties, characteristics and recent improvement of optical properties and signal intensity of three near-infrared fl uorescence probes (i.e. organic fl uorophores, quantum dots and rare earth compounds). We describe the applications of near-infrared fl uorescence technology in immunoassay, and prospect the application potential of lateral fl ow assay (LFA) based on this probe in the rapid detection of pathogens. Our team intends to establish a new platform which has highly sensitive near-infrared fl uorescence probes (NIFPs) combined with portable and simple immunochromatographic test strips (ICTSs) for rapid detection of food borne viruses. This will provide technical support for a rapid detection on the port.

scholarly journals Research Progress of Near-Infrared Fluorescence Immunoassay

Micromachines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Hui Chang ◽  
Jie Zhang ◽  
Lin-Huan Wu ◽  
Yan-Kun Peng ◽  
Xiang-Ying Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Fluorescent Dyes ◽  
Fluorescence Probes ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Near Infrared Fluorescence ◽  
Detection Technology ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Bio Imaging ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Near-infrared fluorescence probes (NIFPs) have been widely used in immunoassay, bio-imaging and medical diagnosis. We review the basic principles of near-infrared fluorescence and near-infrared detection technology, and summarize structures, properties and characteristics of NIFPs (i.e., cyanines, xanthenes fluorescent dyes, phthalocyanines, porphyrin derivates, single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), quantum dots and rare earth compounds). We next analyze applications of NIFPs in immunoassays, and prospect the application potential of lateral flow assay (LFA) in rapid detection of pathogens. At present, our team intends to establish a new platform that has highly sensitive NIFPs combined with portable and simple immunochromatographic test strips (ICTSs) for rapid detection of food-borne viruses. This will provide technical support for rapid detection on the port.

Multifunctional targeted nanoprobe with high NIR-II PAI/MRI performance for precise theranostics of orthotopic early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linyun He ◽  
Yachao Zhang ◽  
Jiangbo Chen ◽  
Gongyuan Liu ◽  
Jingyi Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Effective Treatment ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Photoacoustic Imaging ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Infrared Window

Early diagnosis and effective treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is quite critical for improving patients’ prognosis. The combination of second near-infrared window photoacoustic imaging (NIR-II PAI) and T2-magnetic resonance imaging...

scholarly journals To Know or Not to Know: Ethical Issues Related to Early Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niklas Mattsson ◽  
David Brax ◽  
Henrik Zetterberg
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Disease Modifying Therapy ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Disease Modifying ◽  
Early Decision

In Alzheimer's disease (AD), pathological processes start in the brain long before clinical dementia. Biomarkers reflecting brain alterations may therefore indicate disease at an early stage, enabling early diagnosis. This raises several ethical questions and the potential benefits of early diagnosis must be weighted against possible disadvantages. Currently, there are few strong arguments favouring early diagnosis, due to the lack of disease modifying therapy. Also, available diagnostic methods risk erroneous classifications, with potentially grave consequences. However, a possible benefit of early diagnosis even without disease modifying therapy is that it may enable early decision making when patients still have full decision competence, avoiding problems of hypothetical consents. It may also help identifying patients with cognitive dysfunction secondary to other diseases that may be responsive to treatment already today.

On the effect of the periodicity of diagnostic measurements on improving the reliability of high-voltage transformers

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-21
Author(s):  
V. A. Tikhonov
Keyword(s):  
Service Life ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Chromatographic Analysis ◽  
Aluminum Industry ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Transformer Oil ◽  
Operating Voltage ◽  
Dissolved Gases ◽  
The Aluminum Industry

The influence of the periodicity of diagnostic measurements on the operational state of high-voltage transformers is considered. Examples of defects of switching devices of converter transformers and methods for their detection are given. The rationale for the importance of recognition of defects at an early stage of their occurrence is given. The influence of the multiplicity of overvoltages on the service life of converter transformers in the aluminum industry is investigated. Based on the analysis of the service life of converter transformers of one of the powerful aluminum plants, where 83% of converter transformers have exhausted their standard service life, it is shown that in 40% of cases it would be possible to avoid their failures, with timely detection and elimination of emerging defects. Examples of defects of OLR (on-load regulators) of converter transformers and methods for their detection are given. The importance of recognition of defects at an early stage of their occurrence is substantiated. A method for chromatographic analysis of dissolved gases in transformer oil has been developed for the qualitative determination of defects and ways to eliminate them. Examples of diagnostics of converter transformers at operating voltage and working load are given, providing the best quality operational characteristics of converter transformers. The periodicity of diagnostic measurements and the reduction of defects and failures has been substantiated. The question of diagnosing the state of the converter transformer TDNP-40000/10 at an enterprise of the aluminum industry is investigated. Currently, diagnostic methods are being developed based on chromatographic analysis of dissolved gases in transformer oil. The presented method of evaluating the operating parameters of transformers allows for the safe operation of high-voltage transformers and enables to increase the reliability of the power supply scheme of aluminum industry plants.

scholarly journals Comparison of Spectroscopic Techniques Combined with Chemometrics for Cocaine Powder Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (8) ◽  
pp. 851-860
Author(s):  
Joy Eliaerts ◽  
Natalie Meert ◽  
Pierre Dardenne ◽  
Vincent Baeten ◽  
Juan-Antonio Fernandez Pierna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Classification Model ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Powder Analysis ◽  
Mir Spectra

Abstract Spectroscopic techniques combined with chemometrics are a promising tool for analysis of seized drug powders. In this study, the performance of three spectroscopic techniques [Mid-InfraRed (MIR), Raman and Near-InfraRed (NIR)] was compared. In total, 364 seized powders were analyzed and consisted of 276 cocaine powders (with concentrations ranging from 4 to 99 w%) and 88 powders without cocaine. A classification model (using Support Vector Machines [SVM] discriminant analysis) and a quantification model (using SVM regression) were constructed with each spectral dataset in order to discriminate cocaine powders from other powders and quantify cocaine in powders classified as cocaine positive. The performances of the models were compared with gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and gas chromatography with flame-ionization detection (GC–FID). Different evaluation criteria were used: number of false negatives (FNs), number of false positives (FPs), accuracy, root mean square error of cross-validation (RMSECV) and determination coefficients (R2). Ten colored powders were excluded from the classification data set due to fluorescence background observed in Raman spectra. For the classification, the best accuracy (99.7%) was obtained with MIR spectra. With Raman and NIR spectra, the accuracy was 99.5% and 98.9%, respectively. For the quantification, the best results were obtained with NIR spectra. The cocaine content was determined with a RMSECV of 3.79% and a R2 of 0.97. The performance of MIR and Raman to predict cocaine concentrations was lower than NIR, with RMSECV of 6.76% and 6.79%, respectively and both with a R2 of 0.90. The three spectroscopic techniques can be applied for both classification and quantification of cocaine, but some differences in performance were detected. The best classification was obtained with MIR spectra. For quantification, however, the RMSECV of MIR and Raman was twice as high in comparison with NIR. Spectroscopic techniques combined with chemometrics can reduce the workload for confirmation analysis (e.g., chromatography based) and therefore save time and resources.

scholarly journals Advances in the role of miRNAs in the occurrence and development of osteosarcoma

Open Medicine ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 1003-1011
Author(s):  
Guanyu Zhang ◽  
Yiran Li ◽  
Jiasheng Xu ◽  
Zhenfang Xiong
Keyword(s):  
Target Gene ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Research Direction ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Skeletal System ◽  
Translation Process ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
New Research ◽  
Post Transcriptional Regulation

AbstractOsteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignant tumor of the skeletal system in the clinic. It mainly occurs in adolescent patients and the pathogenesis of the disease is very complicated. The distant metastasis may occur in the early stage, and the prognosis is poor. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNAs of about 18–25 nt in length that are involved in post-transcriptional regulation of genes. miRNAs can regulate target gene expression by promoting the degradation of target mRNAs or inhibiting the translation process, thereby the proliferation of OS cells can be inhibited and the apoptosis can be promoted; in this way, miRNAs can affect the metabolism of OS cells and can also participate in the occurrence, invasion, metastasis, and recurrence of OS. Some miRNAs have already been found to be closely related to the prognosis of patients with OS. Unlike other reviews, this review summarizes the miRNA molecules closely related to the development, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of OS in recent years. The expression and influence of miRNA molecule on OS were discussed in detail, and the related research progress was summarized to provide a new research direction for early diagnosis and treatment of OS.

scholarly journals Contagion Management at the Méditerranée Infection University Hospital Institute

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2627
Author(s):  
Pierre-Edouard Fournier ◽  
Sophie Edouard ◽  
Nathalie Wurtz ◽  
Justine Raclot ◽  
Marion Bechet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Personal Protective Equipment ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Monitoring Point ◽  
Epidemiological Monitoring ◽  
Wide Range

The Méditerranée Infection University Hospital Institute (IHU) is located in a recent building, which includes experts on a wide range of infectious disease. The IHU strategy is to develop innovative tools, including epidemiological monitoring, point-of-care laboratories, and the ability to mass screen the population. In this study, we review the strategy and guidelines proposed by the IHU and its application to the COVID-19 pandemic and summarise the various challenges it raises. Early diagnosis enables contagious patients to be isolated and treatment to be initiated at an early stage to reduce the microbial load and contagiousness. In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, we had to deal with a shortage of personal protective equipment and reagents and a massive influx of patients. Between 27 January 2020 and 5 January 2021, 434,925 nasopharyngeal samples were tested for the presence of SARS-CoV-2. Of them, 12,055 patients with COVID-19 were followed up in our out-patient clinic, and 1888 patients were hospitalised in the Institute. By constantly adapting our strategy to the ongoing situation, the IHU has succeeded in expanding and upgrading its equipment and improving circuits and flows to better manage infected patients.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document