scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory, Antioxidant, Moisturizing, and Antimelanogenesis Effects of Quercetin 3-O-β-D-Glucuronide in Human Keratinocytes and Melanoma Cells via Activation of NF-κB and AP-1 Pathways

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 433
Author(s):  
Anh Thu Ha ◽  
Laily Rahmawati ◽  
Long You ◽  
Mohammad Amjad Hossain ◽  
Jong-Hoon Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Human Keratinocytes ◽  
Melanoma Cells ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Related Factor ◽  
B16f10 Cells ◽  
Iκb Kinase ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucuronide (Q-3-G), the glucuronide conjugate of quercetin, has been reported as having anti-inflammatory properties in the lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages, as well as anticancer and antioxidant properties. Unlike quercetin, which has been extensively described to possess a wide range of pharmacological activities including skin protective effects, the pharmacological benefits and mechanisms Q-3-G in the skin remained to be elucidated. This study focused on characterizing the skin protective properties, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, of Q-3-G against UVB-induced or H2O2-induced oxidative stress, the hydration effects, and antimelanogenesis activities using human keratinocytes (HaCaT) and melanoma (B16F10) cells. Q-3-G down-regulated the expression of the pro-inflammatory gene and cytokine such as cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in H2O2 or UVB-irradiated HaCaT cells. We also showed that Q-3-G exhibits an antioxidant effect using free radical scavenging assays, flow cytometry, and an increased expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2- related factor 2 (Nrf2). Q-3-G reduced melanin production in α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH)-induced B16F10 cells. The hydration effects and mechanisms of Q-3-G were examined by evaluating the moisturizing factor-related genes, such as transglutaminase-1 (TGM-1), filaggrin (FLG), and hyaluronic acid synthase (HAS)-1. In addition, Q-3-G increased the phosphorylation of c-Jun, Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) kinase 4 (MKK4), and TAK1, involved in the MAPKs/AP-1 pathway, and the phosphorylation of IκBα, IκB kinase (IKK)-α, Akt, and Src, involved in the NF-κB pathway. Taken together, we have demonstrated that Q-3-G exerts anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, moisturizing, and antimelanogenesis properties in human keratinocytes and melanoma cells through NF-κB and AP-1 pathways.

scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects of Soroseris hirsuta Extract by regulating iNOS/NF-κB and NRF2/HO-1 Pathways in Murine Macrophage RAW 264.7 Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 4711
Author(s):  
Woo Jin Lee ◽  
Wan Yi Li ◽  
Sang Woo Lee ◽  
Sung Keun Jung
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Nuclear Translocation ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Raw 264.7 Cells ◽  
Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽  
Raw 264.7 ◽  
Related Factor ◽  
Iκb Kinase ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Antioxidant Effects

Until now, the physiological effects of Soroseris hirsuta were primarily unknown. Here we have evaluated the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of Soroseris hirsuta extract (SHE) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated murine macrophages RAW 264.7 cells. SHE inhibited nitric oxide expression and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression in RAW 264.7 cells treated with LPS. Moreover, SHE suppressed LPS-induced phosphorylation of IκB kinase, inhibitor of kappa B, p65, p38, and c-JUN N-terminal kinase. Western blot and immunofluorescence analyses showed that SHE suppressed p65 nuclear translocation induced by LPS. Furthermore, SHE inhibited the reactive oxygen species in LPS-treated RAW 264.7 cells. SHE significantly increased heme oxygenase-1 expression and the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2. SHE suppressed LPS-induced interleukin-1β mRNA expression in RAW 264.7 cells. Thus, SHE is a promising nutraceutical as it displays anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.

scholarly journals The Antiaging Effect of Active Fractions and Ent-11α-Hydroxy-15-Oxo-Kaur-16-En-19-Oic Acid Isolated from Adenostemma lavenia (L.) O. Kuntze at the Cellular Level

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 719
Author(s):  
Irmanida Batubara ◽  
Rika Indri Astuti ◽  
Muhammad Eka Prastya ◽  
Auliya Ilmiawati ◽  
Miwa Maeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Mitochondrial Activity ◽  
Related Factor ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
B16f10 Cells ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Background: The extract of Adenostemma lavenia (L.) O. Kuntze leaves has anti-inflammatory activities and is used as a folk medicine to treat patients with hepatitis and pneumonia in China and Taiwan. The diterpenoid ent-11α-hydroxy-15-oxo-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid (11αOH-KA) is the major ingredient in the extract and has wide-spectrum biological activities, such as antitumor and antimelanogenic activities, as well as anti-inflammatory activity. However, the physical and biological properties of this compound as an antioxidant or antiaging agent have not been reported yet. Methods: In addition to in vitro assays, we monitored antioxidative and antiaging signals in Schizosaccharomyces pombe (yeast) and mouse melanoma B16F10 cells. Results: A. lavenia water and chloroform fractions showed antioxidant properties in vitro. The A. lavenia extracts and 11αOH-KA conferred resistance to H2O2 to S. pombe and B16F10 cells and extended the yeast lifespan in a concentration-dependent manner. These materials maintained the yeast mitochondrial activity, even in a high-glucose medium, and induced an antioxidant gene program, the transcriptional factor pap1+ and its downstream ctt1+. Accordingly, 11αOH-KA activated the antioxidative transcription factor NF-E2-related factor 2, NRF2, the mammalian ortholog of pap1+, in B16F10 cells, which was accompanied by enhanced hemeoxygenase expression levels. These results suggest that 11αOH-KA and A. lavenia extracts may protect yeast and mammalian cells from oxidative stress and aging. Finally, we hope that these materials could be helpful in treating COVID-19 patients, because A. lavenia extracts and NRF2 activators have been reported to alleviate the symptoms of pneumonia in model animals.

scholarly journals Ethosomes and Transethosomes for Mangiferin Transdermal Delivery

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 768
Author(s):  
Maddalena Sguizzato ◽  
Francesca Ferrara ◽  
Supandeep Singh Hallan ◽  
Anna Baldisserotto ◽  
Markus Drechsler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Human Keratinocytes ◽  
Antioxidant Response ◽  
Correlation Spectroscopy ◽  
Inflammatory Status ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Mangiferin is a natural glucosyl xanthone with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, making it suitable for protection against cutaneous diseases. In this study ethosomes and transethosomes were designed as topical delivery systems for mangiferin. A preformulation study was conducted using different surfactants in association with phosphatidylcholine. Vesicle dimensional distribution was monitored by photon correlation spectroscopy, while antioxidant capacity and cytotoxicity were respectively assessed by free radical scavenging analysis and MTT on HaCaT keratinocytes. Selected nanosystems were further investigated by cryogenic transmission electron microscopy, while mangiferin entrapment capacity was evaluated by ultracentrifugation and HPLC. The diffusion kinetics of mangiferin from ethosomes and transethosomes evaluated by Franz cell was faster in the case of transethosomes. The suitability of mangiferin-containing nanovesicles in the treatment of skin disorders related to pollutants was investigated, evaluating, in vitro, the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effect of ethosomes and transethosomes on human keratinocytes exposed to cigarette smoke as an oxidative and inflammatory challenger. The ability to induce an antioxidant response (HO-1) and anti-inflammatory status (IL-6 and NF-kB) was determined by RT-PCR and immunofluorescence. The data demonstrated the effectiveness of mangiferin loaded in nanosystems to protect cells from damage. Finally, to gain insight into the keratinocytes’ uptake of ethosome and transethosome, transmission electron microscopy analyses were conducted, showing that both nanosystems were able to pass intact within the cells.

scholarly journals Ethanol Extract of Maclura tricuspidata Fruit Protects SH-SY5Y Neuroblastoma Cells against H2O2-Induced Oxidative Damage via Inhibiting MAPK and NF-κB Signaling

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (13) ◽  
pp. 6946
Author(s):  
Weishun Tian ◽  
Suyoung Heo ◽  
Dae-Woon Kim ◽  
In-Shik Kim ◽  
Dongchoon Ahn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects

Free radical generation and oxidative stress push forward an immense influence on the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease. Maclura tricuspidata fruit (MT) contains many biologically active substances, including compounds with antioxidant properties. The current study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effects of MT fruit on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced neurotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells. SH-SY5Y cells were pretreated with MT, and cell damage was induced by H2O2. First, the chemical composition and free radical scavenging properties of MT were analyzed. MT attenuated oxidative stress-induced damage in cells based on the assessment of cell viability. The H2O2-induced toxicity caused by ROS production and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release was ameliorated by MT pretreatment. MT also promoted an increase in the expression of genes encoding the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). MT pretreatment was associated with an increase in the expression of neuronal genes downregulated by H2O2. Mechanistically, MT dramatically suppressed H2O2-induced Bcl-2 downregulation, Bax upregulation, apoptotic factor caspase-3 activation, Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) (JNK, ERK, and p38), and Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation, thereby preventing H2O2-induced neurotoxicity. These results indicate that MT has protective effects against H2O2-induced oxidative damage in SH-SY5Y cells and can be used to prevent and protect against neurodegeneration.

scholarly journals RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES AND NUTRITIONAL COMPOSITION OF SOME GALACTOPOIETICS HERBS USED IN INDONESIA: A COMPARATIVE STUDY

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ade Chandra Iwansyah ◽  
Rizal M. Damanik ◽  
Lilik Kustiyah ◽  
Muhammad Hanafi
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Total Phenolics ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Total Flavonoids ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Phenolics Content

<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objectives of this research were to evaluate and compare the antioxidant activity; phenolics and flavonoids contents; and chemical composition of some galactopoietic herbs used in Indonesia and to find a possible relationship between antioxidant activity; phenolics, flavonoids and chemical composition of these plants.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A wide range of analytical parameters was studied, including yield; pH; water activity (a<sub>w</sub>); total color difference; phenolics and flavonoids content; moisture; ash; protein; fat; carbohydrate; fiber; calcium; zinc; magnesium; potassium; iron content; and the data were analyzed by partial least squares (PLS) regression analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) to evaluate the correlation between the parameters and classification of the plants. Folin–cioceltaeu assay, aluminum chloride assay and DPPH scavenging assay were used to evaluate of total phenolics content and free radical scavenging activity of the ethanolic extract of galactopoietic herbs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All of the galactagogue herbs, <em>viz</em>. <em>Plectranthus amboinicus </em>(Lour.) (PA), <em>Sauropus androgynus</em> (SA), <em>Moringa oleifera</em> (MO), and <em>Carica papaya</em> leaves (CP) exhibited good results of TPC, TFC and antioxidant activity. MO contained the highest average of total phenolics content (53.89 mg GAE/g). SA with a ratio of total flavonoids to total phenolics (TF/TP) which is 1.59 contained the highest average of total flavonoids and antioxidant activity (IC<sub>50</sub>), 43.63 mg QE/g and 126.13 μg/ml, respectively, followed by MO&gt;CA&gt;PA. Based on PLS and PCA analysis, antioxidant activity correlated with fat, protein, phenolics content, flavonoids content and pH, but only the total flavonoids content correlated strongly with antioxidant activity.<strong></strong></p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This provides useful data about the studied relationships and chemical patterns in some galactopoietic herbs used and provides a helpful tool for understanding much more about the interpretation of results from the experiments and the mechanism of biosynthesis in plants.</p>

scholarly journals Mitoprotective Effects of Centella asiatica (L.) Urb.: Anti-Inflammatory and Neuroprotective Opportunities in Neurodegenerative Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Hui Wong ◽  
Anna M. Barron ◽  
Jafri Malin Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Neurodegenerative Disease ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Brain Aging ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Centella Asiatica ◽  
Asiatic Acid ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Natural products remain a crucial source of drug discovery for accessible and affordable solutions for healthy aging. Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. (CA) is an important medicinal plant with a wide range of ethnomedicinal uses. Past in vivo and in vitro studies have shown that the plant extract and its key components, such as asiatic acid, asiaticoside, madecassic acid and madecassoside, exhibit a range of anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, and cognitive benefits mechanistically linked to mitoprotective and antioxidant properties of the plant. Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are key drivers of aging and neurodegenerative disease, including Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease. Here we appraise the growing body of evidence that the mitoprotective and antioxidative effects of CA may potentially be harnessed for the treatment of brain aging and neurodegenerative disease.

scholarly journals Phytochemical screening and HPLC- UV method quantiϐication of Flavonoids in Coffee Arabica green seeds

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL4) ◽  
pp. 1895-1904
Author(s):  
Bothiraj K V ◽  
Kalaivani P ◽  
Murugan K ◽  
Vanitha V
Keyword(s):  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Coffee Bean ◽  
Green Coffee ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Antimitotic Activity ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Green Coffee Bean

The green coffee bean is the most commonly used beverages in India and it is one of the most commercialised food products. They have a rich source of biologically active compounds that are important for human health. The coffee tree or a shrub belongs to the family Rubiaceae. Commercially available, two species of green coffee bean are Coffea Arabica and Coffea canephora. Cancer is the most important cause of death. Apart from cancer, quercetin can also prevent Osteoporosis. The phytochemicals present in the green coffee bean can be used as an alternate therapy for cancer due to its antimitotic activity and free radical scavenging activity. Total antioxidant shows IC50 value 45.81. Kaempferol is a potent antioxidant that can defence against free radicals and cure chronic diseases. Flavonoids are phenolic substances that act as an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergenic, antiviral and also have vasodilating actions. Green coffee bean shows a high concentration of Flavonoids in hydroethanolic extraction. The aim of this study is used to analyse the presence of Flavonoids in green coffee bean by using High-performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Flavonoids are potent antioxidant that can bind to a protein. Flavonoids show a wide range of biological and pharmacological activities like anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer and anti-microbial activity.

scholarly journals Disease-Dependent Antiapoptotic Effects of Cannabidiol for Keratinocytes Observed upon UV Irradiation

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (18) ◽  
pp. 9956
Author(s):  
Piotr Wójcik ◽  
Agnieszka Gęgotek ◽  
Neven Žarković ◽  
Elżbieta Skrzydlewska
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Human Keratinocytes ◽  
Caspase 8 ◽  
Apoptotic Pathway ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Uvb Irradiation ◽  
Apoptotic Signaling ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Although apoptosis of keratinocytes has been relatively well studied, there is a lack of information comparing potentially proapoptotic treatments for healthy and diseased skin cells. Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune-mediated skin disease manifested by patches of hyperproliferative keratinocytes that do not undergo apoptosis. UVB phototherapy is commonly used to treat psoriasis, although this has undesirable side effects, and is often combined with anti-inflammatory compounds. The aim of this study was to analyze if cannabidiol (CBD), a phytocannabinoid that has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, may modify the proapoptotic effects of UVB irradiation in vitro by influencing apoptotic signaling pathways in donor psoriatic and healthy human keratinocytes obtained from the skin of five volunteers in each group. While CBD alone did not have any major effects on keratinocytes, the UVB treatment activated the extrinsic apoptotic pathway, with enhanced caspase 8 expression in both healthy and psoriatic keratinocytes. However, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, characterized by increased expression of caspase 2, was observed in psoriatic cells after UVB irradiation. Furthermore, decreased p-AKT expression combined with increased 15-d-PGJ2 level and p-p38 expression was observed in psoriatic keratinocytes, which may promote both apoptosis and necrosis. Application of CBD partially attenuated these effects of UVB irradiation both in healthy and psoriatic keratinocytes, reducing the levels of 15-d-PGJ2, p-p38 and caspase 8 while increasing Bcl2 expression. However, CBD increased p-AKT only in UVB-treated healthy cells. Therefore, the reduction of apoptotic signaling pathways by CBD, observed mainly in healthy keratinocytes, suggests the need for further research into the possible beneficial effects of CBD.

scholarly journals Zanjabeel (Zingiber officinale Roscoe.): An Evidence-Based Review of Anti-nociceptive, Anti-inflammatory, Antioxidant, and Antimicrobial Properties

2021 ◽  
pp. 26-35
Author(s):  
Fatima Khan ◽  
Mohd Nayab ◽  
Abdul Nasir Ansari
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Plant Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Extensive Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Zingiber Officinale Roscoe ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Ginger has been appreciated for over 2500-3000 years in many parts of the world due to its numerous scientific properties. The ginger plant (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) belongs to the Zingiberaceae family. It is a known food and flavoring ingredient reputed for its wide range of medicinal properties that have been widely used in Chinese, Ayurvedic, and Unāni Tibb worldwide, since antiquity. Ginger has long been used to cure a variety of ailments, including diarrhea, stomach discomfort, indigestion, and nausea. It is a versatile herb with phenomenal phytotherapeutic and medicinal properties. Active ingredients available in ginger such as 6-gingerol, 6-shogaol, 6-paradol, and zingerone are responsible for upgrading enzyme actions and balancing circulation through rejuvenating the body with physical re-strengthening. Gingerols, the key phenolic plant secondary metabolites responsible for its distinct flavor and health benefits, are found in the rhizome of ginger Extensive study has been undertaken over the last two decades to uncover bioactive ingredients and the therapeutic potential of ginger. This review considers ginger's chemical composition and the most recent study findings on its possible health advantages, such as analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antioxidant properties due to its phytochemistry. Overall, clinical trials are needed to confirm these prospective various health advantages of ginger in human subjects and the most efficacious dosage, based on the current body of scientific literature.

scholarly journals Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Strategies Based on the Potentiation of Glutathione Peroxidase Activity Prevent Endothelial Dysfunction in Chronic Kidney Disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 1287-1300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manel Vera ◽  
Sergi Torramade-Moix ◽  
Susana Martin-Rodriguez ◽  
Aleix Cases ◽  
Josep M. Cruzado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Ros Generation ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Radical Oxygen Species ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Background/Aims: Accelerated atherosclerosis in chronic kidney disease (CKD) is preceded by endothelial dysfunction (ED), which exhibits a proinflammatory and prothrombotic phenotype and enhanced oxidative stress. In this study, the effect of several compounds with anti-inflammatory and/or antioxidant properties on uremia-induced endothelial dysfunction has been evaluated in an in vitro model. Methods: Endothelial cells (ECs) were exposed to sera from uremic patients in the absence and presence of the flavonoids apigenin, genistein and quercetin, the antioxidant enzyme mimetics (AEM) ebselen (glutathione peroxidase mimetic), EUK-134 and EUK-118 (both superoxide dismutase mimetics), and the pharmacological drug N-acetylcysteine (NAC). We explored changes in the expression of adhesion receptors on the cell surface, by immunofluorescence, the production of radical oxygen species (ROS), by fluorescence detection, and the activation of signaling proteins related to inflammation, by both a phosphospecific antibody cell-based ELISA and immunoblotting techniques. Results: Uremic media induced a significantly increased expression of ICAM-1, overproduction of radical oxygen species (ROS) and activation of p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) and Nuclear Factor kB (NFkB) in ECs. Quercetin, the AEM and NAC showed a significant inhibitory effect on both ICAM-1 expression and ROS generation (p<0.05). All the compounds reduced p38MAPK activation, but only the AEM, especially ebselen, and NAC, both potentiating the glutathione peroxidase pathway, also inhibited NFkB activation. These two compounds were capable of increasing endothelial glutathione levels, especially in response to uremia. Conclusion: Our results indicate that the potentiation of the antioxidant pathways can be an effective strategy to improve endothelial dysfunction in uremia and a potential target to reduce the cardiovascular risk in this population.

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