scholarly journals COVID-19: Specific and Non-Specific Clinical Manifestations and Symptoms: The Current State of Knowledge

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1753 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacek Baj ◽  
Hanna Karakuła-Juchnowicz ◽  
Grzegorz Teresiński ◽  
Grzegorz Buszewicz ◽  
Marzanna Ciesielka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Atypical Symptoms ◽  
Current State ◽  
Specific Symptoms ◽  
Degrees Of Severity

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), due to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), has become an epidemiological threat and a worldwide concern. SARS-CoV-2 has spread to 210 countries worldwide and more than 6,500,000 confirmed cases and 384,643 deaths have been reported, while the number of both confirmed and fatal cases is continually increasing. COVID-19 is a viral disease that can affect every age group—from infants to the elderly—resulting in a wide spectrum of various clinical manifestations. COVID-19 might present different degrees of severity—from mild or even asymptomatic carriers, even to fatal cases. The most common complications include pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Fever, dry cough, muscle weakness, and chest pain are the most prevalent and typical symptoms of COVID-19. However, patients might also present atypical symptoms that can occur alone, which might indicate the possible SARS-CoV-2 infection. The aim of this paper is to review and summarize all of the findings regarding clinical manifestations of COVID-19 patients, which include respiratory, neurological, olfactory and gustatory, gastrointestinal, ophthalmic, dermatological, cardiac, and rheumatologic manifestations, as well as specific symptoms in pediatric patients.

scholarly journals Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children associated with COVID-19: nursing care

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 10-17
Author(s):  
Sofia Panato Ribeiro ◽  
Simone Boettcher
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Care ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Quality Care ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Provide Quality Care ◽  
Generalized Lymphadenopathy ◽  
Inflammatory Syndrome

In 2019, a new viral disease, known as SARS-Cov-2 infection, was identified. Scientists believed that it was a disease with low morbidity for pediatric patients; however, a small percentage of children infected with the new coronavirus developed a multisystem inflammatory response, which aroused the interest of many researchers and health professionals. The objective of the study is to describe the main characteristics related to the Pediatric Multisystemic Inflammatory Syndrome Associated with Covid-19 (MIS-C), its complications and nursing care. The main clinical manifestations of MIS-C are hyperthermia, gastrointestinal symptoms, skin manifestations, generalized lymphadenopathy, cardiac and neurological disorders. The main nursing care was listed according to the signs and symptoms, such as monitoring of neurological and hydroelectrolytic changes. The nurse professional must add knowledge about MIS-C so that he is able to qualify his care and improve his skills to provide quality care to pediatric patients.

scholarly journals Sudden Death and Coronary Artery Anomalies

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefania Rizzo ◽  
Monica De Gaspari ◽  
Carla Frescura ◽  
Massimo Padalino ◽  
Gaetano Thiene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Incidental Finding ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Young Population ◽  
Coronary Artery Anomalies ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Degrees Of Severity ◽  
Congenital Coronary Artery Anomalies

Congenital coronary artery anomalies (CAA) include a wide spectrum of malformations present at birth with various clinical manifestations and degrees of severity. Patients may be asymptomatic, and CAA may be an incidental finding during cardiac imaging or at autopsy. However, in other cases, ischemia-related signs and symptoms, leading to an increased risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD), often as first presentation may occur. In this chapter, we discuss the normal anatomy of the coronary arteries (CA) and the pathology of CAA at risk of SCD, including our experience with victims of SCD among the young population (age <40 years) and among athletes.

scholarly journals Recommendations Of The Brazilian Society Of Nephrology Regarding Pediatric Patients On Renal Replacement Therapy During The Covid-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (2 suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 32-35
Author(s):  
Marcelo de Sousa Tavares ◽  
Maria Goretti Moreira Guimarães Penido ◽  
Olberes Vitor Braga de Andrade ◽  
Vera Hermina Kalika Koch ◽  
Rejane de Paula Bernardes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Brazilian Society ◽  
Specialized Care ◽  
Dialysis Facilities ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT Introduction The impact of the new coronavirus (SARS-COV-2) and its worldwide clinical manifestations (COVID-19) imposed specific regional recommendations for populations in need of specialized care, such as children and adolescents with kidney diseases, particularly in renal replacement therapies (RRT). We present the recommendations of the Brazilian Society of Nephrology regarding the treatment of pediatric patients with kidney diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods Articles and documents from medical societies and government agencies on specific recommendations for children on RRT in relation to COVID-19 as well as those focused on epidemiological aspects of this condition in Brazil Were evaluated and analyzed. Results We present recommendations on outpatient care, transportation to dialysis centers, peritoneal dialysis, hemodialysis, and kidney transplantation in children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. Discussion Despite initial observations of higher mortality rates in specific age groups (the elderly) and with comorbidities (obese, diabetics, and those with cardiovascular diseases), patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) on RRT are particularly prone to develop COVID-19. Specific measures must be taken to reduce the risk of contracting SARS-CoV-2 and developing COVID-19, especially during transport to dialysis facilities, as well as on arrival and in contact with other patients.

scholarly journals Transmission of COVID-19 Virus in the Presence of Neurologic Manifestations

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Morteza Karimian ◽  
Morteza Karimian ◽  
Hamidreza Famitafreshi
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Cardiac Failure ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Neurologic Manifestations ◽  
Preventive Strategies ◽  
Risk Situation ◽  
High Risk Situation ◽  
Specific Symptoms

COVID-19 is a viral disease with a different set of manifestations. However, all clinical manifestations are not occurring at the same time and some patients present the disease with an isolated or even without any specific symptoms. This disease besides neurologic symptoms in rare cases even presents itself with other symptoms such as cardiac failure. In this case, a health care provider may not aware of this situation. In these situations, the transmission of the virus to individuals remains and people may not be aware of the high-risk situation. It is suggested to be aware of different clinical manifestations of COVID-19 disease and preventive strategies keep for all patients.

scholarly journals Is There a Relationship between COVID-19 and Hyponatremia?

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Gina Gheorghe ◽  
Madalina Ilie ◽  
Simona Bungau ◽  
Anca Mihaela Pantea Stoian ◽  
Nicolae Bacalbasa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diuretic Therapy ◽  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion ◽  
Negative Prognostic Factor ◽  
Specific Symptoms ◽  
Symptoms And Signs ◽  
Virus Variability

Nowadays, humanity faces one of the most serious health crises, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic. The severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is related to the high rate of interhuman transmission of the virus, variability of clinical presentation, and the absence of specific therapeutic methods. COVID-19 can manifest with non-specific symptoms and signs, especially among the elderly. In some cases, the clinical manifestations of hyponatremia may be the first to appear. The pathophysiological mechanisms of hyponatremia among patients with COVID-19 are diverse, including syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH), digestive loss of sodium ions, reduced sodium ion intake or use of diuretic therapy. Hyponatremia may also be considered a negative prognostic factor in patients diagnosed with COVID-19. We need further studies to evaluate the etiology and therapeutic management of hyponatremia in patients with COVID-19.

scholarly journals A study on the clinical features of dengue virus infected pediatric patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhra Banerjee ◽  
Kanai Lal Barik ◽  
Arup Bandyopadhyay ◽  
Uttam Kumar Paul
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Eastern India ◽  
Gastrointestinal Infections

Background: Dengue fever is currently the most important arthropod borne viral disease. During recent outbreaks in India, the clinical manifestations which were shown by the patients were slightly different from those in previous years. The present study was done to analyze the clinical features of all pediatric cases admitted for dengue to three tertiary care teaching hospitals in eastern India, to facilitate early treatment and better outcome.Methods: A direct history and clinical examination-record based descriptive study was conducted on pediatric patients admitted with signs and symptoms suggestive of dengue fever to two hospitals in West Bengal and one in Bihar, during the period between January 2016 and December 2017. The data obtained were analyzed with correlative studies.Results: Total 200 patients of Dengue viral infected pediatric patients were included in the study. All these 200 children presented with fever. 126(63%) children had myalgia and arthralgia, 111 (55.5%) had headache, 58 (29%) presented with gastrointestinal infections, 51 (25.5%) had rash and 26 (13%) had hemorrhagic manifestations. Features of shock were present in 14 (7%) children, retro-orbital pain in 13 (6.5%) children and generalized swelling in 9 (4.5%) children.Conclusions: Increased awareness about the changing clinical features of dengue in pediatric cases in the present scenario as observed in recent epidemics, at least in eastern India is needed to further reduce mortality and complications of dengue cases. 

Polymyalgia Rheumatica - a Disease of the Elderly

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 152-154
Author(s):  
Vasilica Cristescu ◽  
Aurelia Romila ◽  
Luana Andreea Macovei
Keyword(s):  
Giant Cell Arteritis ◽  
Giant Cell ◽  
Polymyalgia Rheumatica ◽  
Temporal Arteritis ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Immune Disorder ◽  
Markers Of Inflammation

Polymyalgia rheumatica is a disease that occurs mostly in the elderly and is rarely seen in patients less than 50 years of age. Polymyalgia rheumatica is a vasculitis, which manifests itself as an inflammatory disease of the vascular wall that can affect any type of blood vessel, regardless of its size. It has been considered a form of giant cell arteritis, involving primarily large and medium arteries and to a lesser extent the arterioles. Clinical manifestations are caused by the generic pathogenic process and depend on the characteristics of the damaged organ. PMR is a senescence-related immune disorder. It has been defined as a stand-alone condition and a syndrome referred to as rheumatic polyarteritis with manifestations of giant cell arteritis (especially in cases of Horton�s disease and temporal arteritis) which are commonly associated with polymyalgia. The clinical presentation is clearly dominated by the painful girdle syndrome, with a feeling of general discomfort. Polymyalgia and temporal arteritis may coexist or be consecutive to each other in the same patient, as in most of our patients. The present study describes 3 cases of polymyalgia rheumatica, admitted to the Clinic of Rheumatology of Sf. Apostol Andrei Hospital, Galati. The cases were compared with the literature. Two clinical aspects (polymyalgia rheumatica and/or Horton�s disease) and the relationship between them were also considered. Polymyalgia rheumatica is currently thought to have a multifactorial etiology, in which the following factors play a role: genetic factors or hereditary predisposition (some individuals are more prone to this disease), immune factors and viral infections (triggers of the disease). Other risk factors of polymyalgia rheumatica include age over 50 years and the association with giant cell arteritis. The characteristic feature of the disease is girdle pain, with intense stiffness of at least one hour�s duration. Markers of inflammation, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein are almost always increased at the onset of the disease. Diseases that can mimic the clinical picture of polymyalgia rheumatica are neoplasia, infections, metabolic disorders of the bone and endocrine diseases.

Alternative medicine as a treatment options for COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 07 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahfuza Marzan ◽  
Md. Shahedur Rahman ◽  
Md. Abu Hena Mostofa Jamal ◽  
Mohammad Hossain Shariare ◽  
Md. Anowar Khasru Parvez
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
Mode Of Transmission ◽  
High Infectivity

: COVID-19, a viral disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 is the reason of a global pandemic since the starting of the year 2020. The characteristic of the disease varies from mild common cold like symptoms to acute respiratory distress syndrome and multi-organ failure leading to death. World has already observed 213,453 deaths from this disease while 3,095,839 have been infected in 210 countries in total till 28 April, 2020. This disease has a devastating impact over the health care system because of its high infectivity, easy mode of transmission, lack of proper medicine and vaccine and deficiency of enough supportive healthcare arrangement. On verge of this situation scientists are searching the treatment options. However, nature has provided us with enormous herbs which have disease preventive as well as have medicinal properties. In this article we have reviewed several of these plants (ginger, clove, tea, black seed, tulsi, neem) and some vitamins (vitamin C and vitamin D) and zinc which have antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-asthmatic properties with scientific evidence. The intake of these products regularly to keep the immune system active, to experience its positive aspects might be supportive to prevent infection with the new coronavirus or to treat COVID-19.

Scrub typhus (Orientia tsutsugamushi), A rapidly spreading epidemic in Chennai - A standalone lab experience

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (09) ◽  
pp. 4896
Author(s):  
Sripriya C.S.* ◽  
Shanthi B. ◽  
Arockia Doss S. ◽  
Antonie Raj I. ◽  
Mohana Priya
Keyword(s):  
Scrub Typhus ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Febrile Illness ◽  
Orientia Tsutsugamushi ◽  
The Past ◽  
Igm Elisa ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Specific Symptoms ◽  
Symptoms And Signs

Scrub typhus (Orientia tsutsugamushi), is a strict intracellular bacterium which is reported to be a recent threat to parts of southern India. There is re-emergence of scrub typhus during the past few years in Chennai. Scrub typhus is an acute febrile illness which generally causes non-specific symptoms and signs. The clinical manifestations of this disease range from sub-clinical disease to organ failure to fatal disease. This study documents our laboratory experience in diagnosis of scrub typhus in patients with fever and suspected clinical symptoms of scrub typhus infection for a period of two years from April 2014 to April 2016 using immunochromatography and IgM ELISA methods. The study was conducted on 648 patients out of whom 188 patients were found to be positive for scrub typhus. Results also showed that pediatric (0 -12 years) and young adults (20 – 39 years) were more exposed to scrub typhus infection and female patients were more infected compared to male. The study also showed that the rate of infection was higher between September to February which also suggested that the infection rate is proportional to the climatic condition. Statistical analysis showed that the mean age of the patients in this study was 37.6, standard deviation was 18.97, CV % was 50.45. 

Adult systemic lupus erythematosus in Egypt: The nation-wide spectrum of 3661 patients and world-wide standpoint

Lupus ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 096120332110142
Author(s):  
Tamer A Gheita ◽  
Rasha Abdel Noor ◽  
Esam Abualfadl ◽  
Osama S Abousehly ◽  
Iman I El-Gazzar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objective The aim of this study was to present the epidemiology, clinical manifestations and treatment pattern of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in Egyptian patients over the country and compare the findings to large cohorts worldwide. Objectives were extended to focus on the age at onset and gender driven influence on the disease characteristics. Patients and method This population-based, multicenter, cross-sectional study included 3661 adult SLE patients from Egyptian rheumatology departments across the nation. Demographic, clinical, and therapeutic data were assessed for all patients. Results The study included 3661 patients; 3296 females and 365 males (9.03:1) and the median age was 30 years (17–79 years), disease duration 4 years (0–75 years) while the median age at disease onset was 25 years (4–75 years). The overall estimated prevalence of adult SLE in Egypt was 6.1/100,000 population (1.2/100,000 males and 11.3/100,000 females).There were 316 (8.6%) juvenile-onset (Jo-SLE) and 3345 adult-onset (Ao-SLE). Age at onset was highest in South and lowest in Cairo (p < 0.0001). Conclusion SLE in Egypt had a wide variety of clinical and immunological manifestations, with some similarities with that in other nations and differences within the same country. The clinical characteristics, autoantibodies and comorbidities are comparable between Ao-SLE and Jo-SLE. The frequency of various clinical and immunological manifestations varied between gender. Additional studies are needed to determine the underlying factors contributing to gender and age of onset differences.

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