scholarly journals A Study to Derive Equivalent Mechanical Properties of Porous Materials with Orthotropic Elasticity

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (18) ◽  
pp. 5132
Author(s):  
Changmin Pyo ◽  
Younghyun Kim ◽  
Jaewoong Kim ◽  
Sungwook Kang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Equivalent Stress ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Equivalent Strain ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Design And Development ◽  
Orthotropic Elasticity ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Equivalent Property

The need for diverse materials has emerged as industry becomes more developed, and there is a need for materials with pores in various industries, including the energy storage field. However, there is difficulty in product design and development using the finite element method because the mechanical properties of a porous material are different from those of a base material due to the pores. Therefore, in this study, a Python program that can estimate the equivalent property of a material with pores was developed and its matching was verified through comparison with the measurement results. For high-efficiency calculation, the pores were assumed to be circular or elliptical, and they were also assumed to be equally distributed in each direction. The material with pores was assumed to be an orthotropic material, and its equivalent mechanical properties were calculated using the equivalent strain and equivalent stress by using the appropriate material property matrix. The material properties of a specimen with the simulated pores were measured using UTM, and the results were compared with the simulation results to confirm that the degree of matching achieved 6.4%. It is expected that this study will contribute to the design and development of a product in the industrial field.

scholarly journals Power Spinning of the Curved Head with Tailor Welded Aluminum Alloy Blank: Deformation, Microstructure, and Property

Metals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1359
Author(s):  
Fei Ma ◽  
Pengfei Gao ◽  
Pengyu Ma ◽  
Mei Zhan
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Material Property ◽  
Equivalent Stress ◽  
Weld Zone ◽  
Weld Line ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Equivalent Strain ◽  
Inhomogeneous Material ◽  
Loading Path ◽  
Power Spinning

The power spinning of tailor-welded blank (TWB) provides a feasible way to form the large-scale curved heads of aluminum alloy. However, the inhomogeneous material property of TWB produces different and more complex spinning behaviors compared with the traditional spinning of an integral homogenous blank. In this research, the deformation characteristics, microstructure, and the properties of the power spun curved head with aluminum alloy TWB were studied. A finite element model considering the inhomogeneous material property of welded blank is developed for the analysis of the power spinning process. To conduct accurate and efficient simulation, an effective meshing method is proposed according to the feature of TWB. The simulation and experimental results show that the weld zone (WZ) presents the larger equivalent stress but smaller equivalent strain than base material zone (BMZ) in power spinning due to its larger deformation resistance. Under the combined effects of the spiral local loading path and inhomogeneous deformability of TWB, the equivalent strain near the weld zone has an asymmetric V-shaped distribution. Strain inhomogeneity gradually increases with deformation and leads to an increase of the flange swing degree. In addition, the circumferential thickness distribution is relatively uniform, which is little affected by the existence of the weld line. However, the circumferential unfitability distribution becomes non-uniform and the roundness is worsened due to the existence of the weld line. Compared to the initial blank, the microstructure in WZ and BMZ are both elongated after spinning. The tensile strength is improved but plasticity reduced after power spinning based on the circumferential and radial tests of WZ and BMZ. The results are of theoretical and technical guidance for the power spinning of the curved head component with TWB.

Finite-Element Analysis and Optimization for Gradient Porous Structure of Artificial Bone

2012 ◽  
Vol 271-272 ◽  
pp. 922-926 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Mei Qi ◽  
Li Jun Yang ◽  
Li Li Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Porous Structure ◽  
Equivalent Stress ◽  
Strain Analysis ◽  
Equivalent Strain ◽  
Stress And Strain ◽  
Artificial Bone ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Maximum Equivalent Stress ◽  
Ansys Workbench

The loading force of the artificial bone implanted into the human body and the flowing, growth and deposition of cells were influenced by the gradient porous structure. The software of ANSYS Workbench was used in the paper for the stress and strain analysis of the gradient porous structure of the established 3D artificial bone. The variation of the maximum equivalent stress and maximum equivalent strain and elastic modulus changed through the changing of the loading force and porosity. Basis on meeting the mechanical properties, the porosity was used as the index for the optimization of the porous structure of the artificial bone. And it also laid the foundation for the subsequent laser sintering.

scholarly journals Analysis of Different Complex Multilayer PACVD Coatings on Nanostructured WC-Co Cemented Carbide

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 823
Author(s):  
Danko Ćorić ◽  
Mateja Šnajdar Musa ◽  
Matija Sakoman ◽  
Željko Alar
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Surface Layer ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Structural Defects ◽  
Cemented Carbides ◽  
Material System ◽  
Tin Coating ◽  
Ticn Coating

The development of cemented carbides nowadays is aimed at the application and sintering of ultrafine and nano-sized powders for the production of a variety of components where excellent mechanical properties and high wear resistance are required for use in high temperature and corrosive environment conditions. The most efficient way of increasing the tribological properties along with achieving high corrosion resistance is coating. Using surface processes (modification and/or coating), it is possible to form a surface layer/base material system with properties that can meet modern expectations with acceptable production costs. Three coating systems were developed on WC cemented carbides substrate with the addition of 10 wt.% Co using the plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition (PACVD) method: single-layer TiN coating, harder multilayer gradient TiCN coating composed of TiN and TiCN layers, and the hardest multilayer TiBN coating composed of TiN and TiB2. Physical and mechanical properties of coated and uncoated samples were investigated by means of quantitative depth profile (QDP) analysis, nanoindentation, surface layer characterization (XRD analysis), and coating adhesion evaluation using the scratch test. The results confirm the possibility of obtaining nanostructured cemented carbides of homogeneous structure without structural defects such as eta phase or unbound carbon providing increase in hardness and fracture toughness. The lowest adhesion was detected for the single-layer TiN coating, while coatings with a complex architecture (TiCN, TiBN) showed improved adhesion.

scholarly journals Assessment of Mechanical, Chemical, and Biological Properties of Ti-Nb-Zr Alloy for Medical Applications

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 126
Author(s):  
Viktoria Hoppe ◽  
Patrycja Szymczyk-Ziółkowska ◽  
Małgorzata Rusińska ◽  
Bogdan Dybała ◽  
Dominik Poradowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Β Phase ◽  
Alloy Base ◽  
Static Tensile ◽  
Examination Methods ◽  
13Zr Alloy ◽  
Dental Applications

The purpose of this work is to obtain comprehensive reference data of the Ti-13Nb-13Zr alloy base material: its microstructure, mechanical, and physicochemical properties. In order to obtain extensive information on the tested materials, a number of examination methods were used, including SEM, XRD, and XPS to determine the phases occurring in the material, while mechanical properties were verified with static tensile, compression, and bending tests. Moreover, the alloy’s corrosion resistance in Ringer’s solution and the cytotoxicity were investigated using the MTT test. Studies have shown that this alloy has the structure α’, α, and β phases, indicating that parts of the β phase transformed to α’, which was confirmed by mechanical properties and the shape of fractures. Due to the good mechanical properties (E = 84.1 GPa), high corrosion resistance, as well as the lack of cytotoxicity on MC3T3 and NHDF cells, this alloy meets the requirements for medical implant materials. Ti-13Nb-13Zr alloy can be successfully used in implants, including bone tissue engineering products and dental applications.

scholarly journals Corrosion Behavior, Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Novel Mg-Zn-Ca-Er Alloy for Bio-Medical Applications

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 519
Author(s):  
Devadas Bhat Panemangalore ◽  
Rajashekhara Shabadi ◽  
Manoj Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Hot Extrusion ◽  
Secondary Phases ◽  
Zinc Alloys ◽  
Alloying Additions ◽  
Degradation Rates ◽  
Master Alloys ◽  
Melt Deposition

In this study, the effect of calcium (Ca) and erbium (Er) on the microstructure, mechanical properties, and corrosion behavior of magnesium-zinc alloys is reported. The alloys were prepared using disintegrated melt deposition (DMD) technique using the alloying additions as Zn, Ca, and Mg-Er master alloys and followed by hot extrusion. Results show that alloying addition of Er has significantly reduced the grain sizes of Mg-Zn alloys and also when compared to pure magnesium base material. It also has substantially enhanced both the tensile and the compressive properties by favoring the formation of MgZn2 type secondary phases that are uniformly distributed during hot-extrusion. The quaternary Mg-Zn-Ca-Er alloy exhibited the highest strength due to lower grain size and particle strengthening due to the influence of the rare earth addition Er. The observed elongation was a result of extensive twinning observed in the alloys. Also, the degradation rates have been substantially reduced as a result of alloying additions and it is attributed to the barrier effect caused by the secondary phases.

scholarly journals Manufacturing, Characterisation and Mechanical Analysis of Polyacrylonitrile Membranes

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 2378
Author(s):  
Mertol Tüfekci ◽  
Sevgi Güneş Durak ◽  
İnci Pir ◽  
Türkan Ormancı Acar ◽  
Güler Türkoğlu Demirkol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Load Carrying Capacity ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Static Behaviour ◽  
Modelling Process

To investigate the effect of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) addition and consequently porosity, two different sets of membranes are manufactured, since PVP is a widely used poring agent which has an impact on the mechanical properties of the membrane material. The first set (PAN 1) includes polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and the necessary solvent while the second set (PAN 2) is made of PAN and PVP. These membranes are put through several characterisation processes including tensile testing. The obtained data are used to model the static behaviour of the membranes with different geometries but similar loading and boundary conditions that represent their operating conditions. This modelling process is undertaken by using the finite element method. The main idea is to investigate how geometry affects the load-carrying capacity of the membranes. Alongside membrane modelling, their materials are modelled with representative elements with hexagonal and rectangular pore arrays (RE) to understand the impact of porosity on the mechanical properties. Exploring the results, the best geometry is found as the elliptic membrane with the aspect ratio 4 and the better RE as the hexagonal array which can predict the elastic properties with an approximate error of 12%.

scholarly journals Mechanical properties optimization of the steering column based on multi-objective optimization design

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 168781401668294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Si Chen ◽  
Zhaohui Wang ◽  
Mi Lv
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Optimization Design ◽  
Strain Difference ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Equivalent Strain ◽  
Multi Objective Optimization ◽  
Optimal Process ◽  
Multi Objective ◽  
Initial Results

The mechanical properties of the steering column have a significant influence on the comfort and stability of a vehicle. In order for the mechanical properties to be improved, the rotary swaging process of the steering column is studied in this article. The process parameters, including axial feed rate, hammerhead speed, and hammerhead radial reduction, are systematically analyzed and optimized based on a multi-objective optimization design. The response surface methodology and the genetic algorithm are employed for optimal process parameters to be obtained. The maximum damage value, the maximum forming load, and the equivalent strain difference obtained with the optimal process parameters are, respectively, decreased by 30.09%, 7.44%, and 57.29% compared to the initial results. The comparative results present that the quality of the steering column is improved. The torque experiments and fatigue experiments are conducted with the optimal steering column. The maximum torque is measured to be 260 NM, and the service life is measured to be 2 weeks (40 NM, 2500 times), which are, respectively, increased by 8.3% and 8.69% compared to the initial results. The above results display that the mechanical properties of the steering column are optimized to verify the feasibility of the multi-objective optimization method.

Research on NX-Based Progressive Die Design

2012 ◽  
Vol 602-604 ◽  
pp. 1818-1821
Author(s):  
Jun Liu ◽  
Cong Dong Ji
Keyword(s):  
Design Method ◽  
Equivalent Stress ◽  
Equivalent Strain ◽  
Die Design ◽  
Support Design ◽  
Stress Resilience ◽  
Progressive Die ◽  
Key Technology ◽  
Product Manufacturing ◽  
Progressive Die Design

Progressive die has been widely used in product manufacturing field. This paper proposed a NX-based computer server support design method. The equivalent stress, resilience, equivalent strain, attenuation, and forming were analyzed in detail. The key technology of confirming blank dimension and stock layout of server support were explicated clearly.

Effect of Hydrogen on Mechanical Properties of Pipeline API 5L X70 Steel

2011 ◽  
Vol 146 ◽  
pp. 213-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Bellahcene ◽  
J. Capelle ◽  
Méziane Aberkane ◽  
Z. Azari
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Hydrogen Embrittlement ◽  
Hydrogen Absorption ◽  
Fatigue Tests ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Effective Distance ◽  
Bending Tests ◽  
Fatigue Initiation ◽  
Api 5L X70 Steel ◽  
Special Soil

The aim of this work is to study the effects of hydrogen absorption on mechanical properties of pipe API 5L X70 steel. This study is conducted in special soil solution NS4 with pH 6.7 It show that the tensile properties like yield stress, ultimate strength and elongation at failure reduced under hydrogen embrittlement. Several fatigue tests (three (03) points bending tests) on roman tile specimens with notch are performed. Fatigue initiation is detected by acoustic emission. A comparison between specimens electrolytically charged with hydrogen and specimens without hydrogen absorption is made and it has been noted that fatigue initiation time is reduced when hydrogen embrittlement occurs. The field of elastoplastic stresses near the notch is computed by the finite-element method with the Abaqus software package. Effective distance and stress are calculated with the volumetric approach and the Notch intensity Factor of the roman tile specimen is determined for each loading value used in our tests.

Effects of pre-cracking on the early-age mechanical properties of a cement-treated base material mixed and tested in laboratory

2021 ◽  
Vol 303 ◽  
pp. 124488
Author(s):  
Jean-Claude Carret ◽  
Sébastien Lamothe ◽  
Séverin Eusèbe Hounkponou ◽  
Alan Carter
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Early Age
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document