scholarly journals Retention of Pollutants Elements from Mine Tailings of Lead in Geopolymers for Construction

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (20) ◽  
pp. 6184
Author(s):  
Juan María Terrones-Saeta ◽  
Jorge Suárez-Macías ◽  
Ana María Castañón ◽  
Fernando Gómez-Fernández ◽  
Francisco Antonio Corpas-Iglesias
Keyword(s):  
Mine Tailings ◽  
Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mining Waste ◽  
Mechanical And Physical Properties ◽  
New Construction ◽  
Alkaline Activator

The construction sector is one of the most demanding sectors of raw materials in existence today. As a consequence, the extraction of these materials has a significant impact on the environment. At the same time, mining activities produce a series of wastes, in some cases with polluting elements, which must be treated to avoid pollution. Therefore, the use of mining waste for the conformation of new construction materials is an important environmental advantage, even more so when such waste is prevented from producing polluting leachates. Therefore, in this research, geopolymers are developed with mine tailings from the Linares lead mines, chemically activated with potassium hydroxide. For this purpose, different percentages of the alkaline activator were tested and the physical and mechanical properties of the conformed materials were evaluated. The analysis of the different conformed geopolymers determined the optimum percentage of potassium hydroxide for conforming the geopolymer with the best mechanical and physical properties. In addition, the concentration in the leachate of potentially contaminating chemical elements in the mining waste was estimated to be lower than those regulated by the regulations. Consequently, this research shows the development of a sustainable material for construction with mining waste and reduction of the environmental impact of traditional products.

Green gold of Africa – Can growing native bamboo in Ethiopia become a commercially viable business?

2014 ◽  
Vol 90 (05) ◽  
pp. 628-635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix Böck
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Wood Products ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Sustainable Construction ◽  
Sustainable Business ◽  
Subtropical Zone ◽  
New Construction ◽  
Increasing Demand

With concerns about climate change and the search for sustainable construction materials, significant attention is now being paid to Africa's natural resources. Ethiopia, known as Africa's political capital, has a rapidly expanding economy with increasing demand for new construction materials. Through public private partnerships projects the country is developing a sustainable business model to promote bamboo as a raw material. The subtropical zone of Ethiopia is home to approximately 65% of Africa's bamboo resources, an area of over 1 million hectares. Bamboo is potentially an ideal source of local, sustainable purpose-engineered building materials for growing cities not only in Ethiopia but across Africa. Production of conventional construction materials such as steel and concrete is expensive, highly energy intensive and unsustainable, requiring large quantities of water and is strongly dependent on imported raw materials. Bamboo is a renewable building material widely cultivated in Ethiopia but not yet utilized in modern construction. Structural Bamboo Products (SBP), similar to engineered wood products, have excellent potential to partially replace the use of more energy-intensive materials. Projects such as African Bamboo are taking steps in managing, cultivating and using Ethiopian bamboo species to help mitigate rapid deforestation in East Africa by creating alternative “wood” sources and sustainable business opportunities.

Development of Fly Ash-Based Geopolymer Lightweight Bricks Using Foaming Agent - A Review

2015 ◽  
Vol 660 ◽  
pp. 9-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wan Mastura Wan Ibrahim ◽  
Kamarudin Hussin ◽  
Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah ◽  
Aeslina Abdul Kadir ◽  
Mohammed Binhussain
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Building Material ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Foaming Agent ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
The World ◽  
Great Development

Bricks are widely used as a construction and building material due to its properties. Recent years have seen a great development in new types of inorganic cementitious binders called ‘‘geopolymeric cement’’ around the world. This prompted its use in bricks, which improves the greenness of ordinary bricks. The development of fly ash-based geopolymer lightweight bricks is relatively new in the field of construction materials. This paper reviews the uses of fly ash as a raw materials and addition of foaming agent to the geopolymeric mixture to produce lightweight bricks. The effects on their physical and mechanical properties have been discussed. Most manufactured bricks with incorporation of foaming agent have shown positive effects by producing lightweight bricks, increased porosity and improved the thermal conductivities of fly ash-based geopolymer bricks. However, less of performances in number of cases in terms of mechanical properties were also demonstrated.

Characterization and valorization of the waste from the abandoned Kettara mine and the gypsum quarry in Sidi Tijji (Marrakech-Safi Region, Morocco).

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Assma Bouiji ◽  
Omar witam ◽  
Mounsif Ibnoussina
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Change ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Mine Waste ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Mining Waste ◽  
Waste Rock ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
Integrated Recovery

<p>In Morocco, no measures have been taken to manage residual waste from operational or abandoned mining and quarries sites.</p><p>Indeed, significant quantities of mine waste, composed of concentrator residues and sterile waste, have been abandoned after the closure of operations without any effective management or rehabilitation planning.</p><p>These residues could have harmful impacts on the environment: soil and water pollution, destruction or disturbance of natural habitats, visual impact on the countryside...</p><p>The valorization and sustainable management of mining waste appear to be adequate solutions to major environmental problems. The construction sector can be a profitable sector to absorb chemically stable mining waste.</p><p>The objective of this research work is to study the feasibility of recycling waste from the abandoned Kettara mine (Morocco) and gypsum waste rock in Sidi Tijji (Morocco) as raw materials in construction materials.</p><p>The study consists first of a geological characterization and then a characterization of the physical, chemical and mineralogical properties of the residues, followed by an evaluation of the mechanical properties of the composite mixtures based on the chemically stable residues.</p><p>The Kettara mine is located in the Jbilet Central Mountains, 30 km northwest of Marrakech. Geologically, the pyrrhotite district of Kettara corresponds to the outcrop area of the volcano-sedimentary series of Saghlef shales. For the gypsum quarry at Sidi Tijji, which is part of the Safi basin, characterized by Jurassic outcrops essentially formed by gypsum and carbonate formations.</p><p>Mineralogical and chemical analysis have shown that these waste products are still rich in minerals such as the waste from the Kettara mine; the FeO3 concentrated amounts to 55.6%. In addition, gypsum waste rock represents a concentration of 28.9% CaO. Therefore, a low water content for the majority of samples.</p><p>Adapting to the principles of integrated recovery and management of mining and quarry waste requires a cultural change within the industry, but also in the ministries concerned.</p><p><strong>Keywords</strong>: Valorization, mine waste, mines and quarries, construction materials.</p>

Physicochemical Processes at Plasma Treatment of Quartz-Feldspar Raw Materials

2015 ◽  
Vol 1085 ◽  
pp. 474-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleg G. Volokitin ◽  
Gennadii G. Volokitin ◽  
Valentin V. Shekhovtsov
Keyword(s):  
Functional Performance ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Plasma Chemical ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Physicochemical Processes ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
New Construction ◽  
Performance Results

The paper considers the processes of plasma chemical synthesis of silicate melts produced from quartz-feldspar raw materials with a view to obtain new construction materials having the advanced functional performance. Results are presented which illustrate physicochemical research findings (X-ray diffraction analysis, infrared spectroscopy) related to quartz-feldspar raw materials and a melts produced there from.

Research of Properties of Modern Construction Materials Based on Industrial Waste, Waste Wood and Metallurgical Industries

2019 ◽  
Vol 802 ◽  
pp. 113-124
Author(s):  
Ruslan Aharonovich Abramov ◽  
Maksim Sergeevich Sokolov ◽  
Svetlana Vyacheslavovna Derevianko
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Total Output ◽  
Material Consumption ◽  
Waste Wood ◽  
New Construction ◽  
Materials Used

Material consumption of production of building materials is determined by the amount of raw materials used for their production, to the total output. One of the ways to reduce material consumption is the use of industrial waste as the main raw material for the production of new construction products. Most of the waste generated as a result of the activities of enterprises are man-made raw materials for the production of products such as brick, lime, cement, etc.Given that man-made raw materials are similar to the natural composition and physical properties and even has a number of advantages (heat treatment, increased dispersion, etc.), the manufacture of building materials from it is usually profitable and justified [4, 5].

scholarly journals Current Applications of Recycled Aggregates from Construction and Demolition: A Review

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1700
Author(s):  
Glaydson Simões dos Reis ◽  
Marco Quattrone ◽  
Weslei Monteiro Ambrós ◽  
Bogdan Grigore Cazacliu ◽  
Carlos Hoffmann Sampaio
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Construction And Demolition Waste ◽  
Recycled Aggregates ◽  
Demolition Waste ◽  
Construction Engineering ◽  
New Construction ◽  
Natural Aggregates ◽  
Environmentally Friendly Approach

A literature review comprising 163 publications published over a period of 26 years from 1992 to 2018 is presented in this paper. This review discusses the generation and recycling of construction and demolition waste (CDW) as well as its main uses as raw materials for the construction engineering sector. This review pays attention to the use of CDW aggregates for sand, pavements/roads, bricks, ceramics, cementitious materials, and concrete productions, as well its uses as eco-friendly materials for water decontamination. The physical-chemical and mechanical characteristics of recycled aggregates play an important role in their correctly chosen applications. The results found in this literature survey allow us to conclude that recycled aggregates from CDW can be successfully used to produce construction materials with quality comparable to those produced with natural aggregates. We concluded that the use of CDWs as raw materials for manufacturing new construction materials is technically feasible, economical, and constitutes an environmentally friendly approach for a future construction and demolition waste management strategy.

scholarly journals Potential utilization of quartz sand and kaolin from tin mine tailings for whitewares

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Subari ◽  
Bagus D Erlangga ◽  
Eneng Maryani ◽  
Danang Nor Arifin
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Magnetic Separation ◽  
Quartz Sand ◽  
Mine Tailings ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Whiteness Index ◽  
Practical Solution ◽  
Ball Clay ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose. To do experimental research into the potential utilization of residual quartz-based sands and kaolin from the tin mine tailings in Bangka Belitung Province, Indonesia. Methods. Process of raw materials beneficiation by washing, vibration on the screen, magnetic separation. Manufacturing whiteware from beneficiated quartz sand, beneficiated kaolin, ball clay and feldspar. The whiteware properties were analyzed in terms of shrinkage, water absorption, flexural strength, and whiteness index. Findings. The amount of iron oxide in the quartz sand and the kaolin was reduced by beneficiation process from 1.12% and 1.06 to 0.51% and 0.5%, respectively. The whiteware specimens showed the required physical and mechanical properties. Thus, these raw materials can principally be utilized for the manufacture of whiteware ceramic items with whiteness index up to 68.3. Originality. Quartz sand and kaolin extracted from tin mine tailings were used after beneficiation of raw materials for whiteware manufacture. Practical implications. This research can provide practical solution to the problem related to mine tailings rich in quartz and kaolin which can be utilized for manufacturing whiteware. Keywords: tin mine tailings, quartz sand, kaolin, magnetic separation, whiteware ceramics

scholarly journals Mixture Optimization of Concrete Paving Blocks Containing Waste Silt

2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 451
Author(s):  
Abbas Solouki ◽  
Piergiorgio Tataranni ◽  
Cesare Sangiorgi
Keyword(s):  
Construction Materials ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mix Design ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Skid Resistance ◽  
Washing Process ◽  
Different Types ◽  
New Construction ◽  
Tensile Splitting Strength ◽  
By Products

Most of the waste materials recycled for the production of new construction materials are by-products of various manufacturing processes, such as the aggregate washing process. Recycling such materials is of paramount importance since it could reduce the adverse environmental impacts resulting from landfilling. Various studies have attempted to recycle different types of waste materials and by-products into concrete paving blocks. However, the availability of literature on concrete paving blocks containing waste silt is quite scarce. Thus, the current paper focuses on mix design optimization and production of concrete paving blocks containing high amounts of waste silt resulting from the aggregate production process. Using the mixture Design of Experiments (DOE), 12 sets of concrete paving blocks with different aggregate blends were produced to optimize the mix design. Once the final mix design was achieved, the physical and mechanical properties of the concrete paving blocks were investigated following the EN 1338 standard. Shape and dimension measurements and various tests, including water absorption, tensile splitting strength, abrasion resistance, and slip/skid resistance were conducted on the experimental concrete paving samples. Overall, the produced concrete paving blocks showed promising properties for future applications in pedestrian walking paths.

scholarly journals Preliminary Research on the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Alternative Lightweight Aggregates Produced by Alkali-Activation of Waste Powders

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piergiorgio Tataranni ◽  
Giulia Besemer ◽  
Villiam Bortolotti ◽  
Cesare Sangiorgi
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Bentonite Clay ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Alkali Activation ◽  
Lightweight Aggregates ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
New Construction

There is growing interest in construction field issues related to environmental protection, energy saving and raw materials. Therefore, the interest in recycling waste materials to produce new construction ones is constantly increasing. This study proposes a new methodology to produce lightweight aggregates (LWAs) by alkali-activation of two different waste powders: a digested spent bentonite clay and a basalt powder. Metakaolin, as secondary precursor, was added to the mixtures according to mix-design proportions, to improve the mechanical properties of the final materials, while a specific activators mix of Sodium Silicate and Sodium Hydroxide enabled the alkali-activation. The expansion process, on the other hand, was obtained using Peroxide within the liquid mix. The experimental LWAs were analyzed and tested in compliance with the EN 13055-1 standard. A more in-depth analysis on LWAs’ air voids content and porosity was also carried out by the means of Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. The results were compared with those obtained from commercial Lightweight Expanded Clay Aggregate, which represents one of the most common LWAs in the construction field. According to the presented preliminary results, the use of alkali-activated waste powders seems to be a suitable solution for the production of eco-friendly LWAs by allowing the recycling of waste materials and energy saving for their production.

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