Conflicts of Interest and Misleading Statements in Official Reports about the Health Consequences of Radiofrequency Radiation and Some New Measurements of Exposure Levels

Official reports to governments throughout the Western world attempt to allay public concern about the increasing inescapability of the microwaves (also known as radiofrequency radiation or RF) emitted by “smart” technologies, by repeating the dogma that the only proven biological effect of RF is acute tissue heating, and assuring us that the levels of radiation to which the public are exposed are significantly less than those needed to cause acute tissue heating. The present paper first shows the origin of this “thermal-only” dogma in the military paranoia of the 1950s. It then reveals how financial conflict of interest and intentionally misleading statements have been powerful factors in preserving that dogma in the face of now overwhelming evidence that it is false, using one 2018 report to ministers of the New Zealand government as an example. Lastly, some new pilot measurements of ambient RF power densities in Auckland city are reported and compared with levels reported in other cities, various international exposure limits, and levels shown scientifically to cause biological harm. It is concluded that politicians in the Western world should stop accepting soothing reports from individuals with blatant conflicts of interest and start taking the health and safety of their communities seriously.

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The role of personal value preferences in predicting army stress

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.02.355 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 41 (S1) ◽

pp. S360-S360

Author(s):

E. Tartakovsky ◽

N. Rofe

Keyword(s):

Significant Proportion ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Stressful Environment ◽

Personal Value ◽

Security Values ◽

The Face ◽

Competing Interest ◽

Army Service ◽

The Military ◽

Value Preferences

BackgroundThe military is a stressful environment, and many service persons experience army stress. Therefore, it is important to understand the factors affecting army stress and stress resiliency.ObjectiveThe present study examines the connections between personal value preferences and army stress, applying the value congruency paradigm.MethodMale soldiers serving in three combat units in the Israeli Defense Forces participated in the study (n = 257).ResultsThe results obtained demonstrated that personal value preferences explained a significant proportion of the variance in army stress beyond the socio-demographic variables. A lower stress level was associated with a higher preference for the values of societal security, conformity, achievement, and universalism, and with a lower preference for the face and personal security values.ConclusionsThe research promotes our understanding of the relationships between general motivational goals expressed in personal value preferences and stress in the military context. In addition, the results obtained indicate the possible relevance of using values for selecting and preparing recruits who will most likely adjust well to the army framework. Finally, some value-oriented interventions that may be used for promoting the soldiers’ psychological adjustment during their army service are suggested.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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THE LABOUR PARTY AND THE PARLIAMENTARY CAMPAIGN TO ABOLISH THE MILITARY DEATH PENALTY, 1919–1930

The Historical Journal ◽

10.1017/s0018246x98008334 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 42 (1) ◽

pp. 233-249 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

JOHN McHUGH

Keyword(s):

Small Group ◽

Death Penalty ◽

Labour Party ◽

Military Establishment ◽

Labour Government ◽

House Of Lords ◽

The Face ◽

The Commons ◽

The Military

This is a study of a successful parliamentary campaign led throughout the 1920s by a small group of backbench Labour MPs aimed at abolishing the military death penalty for the offences of cowardice and desertion. It was sustained in the face of opposition from the military establishment, the Conservatives, and finally the House of Lords. The campaigners used the opportunity afforded by the requirement on government to pass, annually, an Army Bill, to challenge the military establishment's insistence that a capital penalty was essential to the maintenance of army discipline. Despite the unwillingness of the 1924 Labour government to confront the military on this issue, the reformers persevered, securing some minor, incremental reform before the coming of the second Labour government in 1929. The new government was prevailed upon by backbench pressure to authorize a free vote in the Commons which approved the abolition of the capital penalty for cowardice and desertion in the Army Act of 1930.

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Introductory Aspects on Human Rights Violations Suffered by Indigenous Peoples during the Period of Brazilian Civil-Military Dictatorship

Annals of Bioethics & Clinical Applications ◽

10.23880/abca-16000168 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Luane Flores Chuquel

Keyword(s):

Human Rights ◽

Indigenous Peoples ◽

Military Regime ◽

Military Coup ◽

Human Rights Violations ◽

Military Government ◽

Deductive Method ◽

The Face ◽

In The Beginning ◽

The Military

This current work studies the human rights violations suffered by indigenous peoples during the period of the Brazilian CivilMilitary Dictatorship. Likewise, it makes some notes about the beginning of the violations in a moment before this dark period. On this path, even before the Military Coup was launched in the year 1964 (one thousand nine hundred and sixty-four), the Indians were already experiencing constant usurpations of their rights at the expense of irresponsibilities commanded most of the time, by those who should watch over their rights lives. As will be seen, the violation and disrespect for Human Rights in the face of these peoples ended up becoming common and gaining strength mainly in the beginning of the implementation of the military regime. Negligent attempts at acculturation and "emancipation", in addition to inconsequential contacts with isolated peoples, culminated in the destruction and predatory logging of their lands. Missing processes of terribly violating demarcations of indigenous areas promoted the expulsion of countless peoples, causing the Indians to fall into a life totally surrounded by hunger, begging, alcoholism and prostitution. All in the name of the so-called “economic advance”, which aimed at building roads, in what was called “occupation of the Amazon”? As frequently stated by the authorities at the time, the Amazon rainforest was seen and understood as a “population void” by the Military Government. According to this thought idealized by the disgusting dictators and supporters, it will be observed that the cases of violations of Human Rights have been systematically “legalized”. The life, land and culture of indigenous peoples were left in the background. Depending on this brief narrative developed through documentary research, based on a hypothetical-deductive method, the intention is to rescue the martyrdoms of that time, demonstrating what actually happened to indigenous peoples during the Military Regime, in the simplest attempt to remember or even disclose to those who are unaware of this part of history. All that said, don't you forget. So that it never happens again.

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Reconciliation in the Cathedral: Isaac's Religion in “Owen-Mass”

Музыкальная академия ◽

10.34690/125 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 6-36

Author(s):

Роман Александрович Насонов

Keyword(s):

Song Cycle ◽

Human Experience ◽

Christian Religion ◽

Religious Symbolism ◽

The World ◽

The Face ◽

War Requiem ◽

The Military ◽

The Church ◽

Church Tradition

Статья представляет собой исследование религиозной символики и интерпретацию духовного смысла «Военного реквиема» Бриттена. Воспользовавшись Реквиемом Верди как моделью жанра, композитор отдал ключевую роль в драматургии сочинения эпизодам, созданным на основе военных стихов Оуэна; в результате произведение воспринимается подобно циклу песен в обрамлении частей заупокойной мессы. Военная реальность предстает у Бриттена амбивалентно. Совершая надругательство над древней верой и разбивая чаяния современных людей, война дает шанс возрождению религиозных чувств и символов. Опыт веры, порожденный войной, переживается остро, но при всей своей подлинности зыбок и эфемерен. Церковная традиция хранит веру прочно, однако эта вера в значительной мере утрачивает чистоту и непосредственность, которыми она обладает в момент своего возникновения. Бриттен целенаправленно выстраивает диалог между двумя пластами человеческого опыта (церковным и военным), находит те точки, в которых между ними можно установить контакт. Но это не отменяет их глубокого противоречия. Вера, рождаемая войной, представляет собой в произведении Бриттена «отредактированный» вариант традиционной христианской религии: в ее центре находится не триумфальная победа Христа над злом, а пассивная, добровольно отказавшаяся защищать себя перед лицом зла жертва - не Бог Сын, а «Исаак». Смысл этой жертвы - не в преображении мира, а в защите гуманности человека от присущего ему же стремления к агрессивному самоутверждению. The study of religious symbolism and the interpretation of the spiritual meaning of “War Requiem” by Britten have presentation in this article. Using Verdi's Requiem as a model of the genre, the composer gave a key role in the drama to the episodes based on the war poems by Wilfred Owen; as a result, the work is perceived as a song cycle framed by parts of the funeral mass. The military reality appears ambivalent. While committing a blasphemy against the ancient belief and shattering the aspirations of modern people, the war offers a chance to revive religious feelings and symbols. This experience of war-born faith is felt keenly, but for all its authenticity, it is shaky and ephemeral. The church tradition keeps faith firmly, but this faith largely loses the original purity and immediacy. Britten purposefully builds a dialogue between the two layers of human experience (church and military), finds those points where contact can be established between them. But this does not change their profound antagonism. In Britten's work, faith born of war is an “edited” version of the traditional Christian religion: in its center is not the triumphant victory of Christ over evil, but a passive sacrifice that voluntarily refused to defend itself in the face of evil-not God the Son, but “Isaac.” The meaning of this sacrifice is not in transforming the world, but in protecting the humanity of a person from his inherent desire for aggressive self-assertion.

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Strengths and weaknesses of the Brazilian regulation on biosimilars: A critical view of the regulatory requirements for biosimilars in Brazil

Therapeutic Advances in Musculoskeletal Disease ◽

10.1177/1759720x18809683 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. 253-259 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Marcos Renato de Assis ◽

Valdair Pinto

Keyword(s):

Conflicts Of Interest ◽

Expression System ◽

World Health ◽

Regulatory Requirements ◽

Biological Products ◽

Synthetic Drugs ◽

Comparability Exercise ◽

The Face ◽

The Usa ◽

Health Organization

Biological products or biopharmaceuticals are medicinal products derived from living systems and manufactured by modern biotechnological methods that differ widely from the traditional synthetic drugs. Monoclonal antibodies are the most rapidly growing type of biologic. They are much larger and more complex molecules with inherent diversity; therefore, different manufacturers cannot produce identical biological products, even with the same type of host expression system and equivalent technologies. Thus, legal follow-on biologics manufactured and marketed after patent expiration are usually referred to as biosimilars. Biosimilarity is based on a comparability exercise whereby unavoidable clinical differences are evaluated and must meet equivalence or non-inferiority criteria. Biosimilars need to comply with different regulatory requirements for market authorization in different sites. There are several other related issues that need to be defined by the national authorities, such as interchangeability, labeling and prescribing information. The Brazilian health surveillance agency follows the key principles established by the World Health Organization for the assessment of biosimilarity, although does not adopt the name ‘biosimilar’. However, the agency also made a compromise on a standalone application pathway that does not require the usual comparability exercise with the reference product, originating nonbiosimilar copies. Interchangeability and the use of nonproprietary names are not regulated, giving rise to pressures on physicians and conflicts of interest in the decision making on biosimilar use. The scope of this article is to present the Brazilian regulation on biosimilars, its strengths and weaknesses, and to discuss it in the face of regulations in the USA and Europe.

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The Image of Jews as Constructed by Lexical Items

European Judaism ◽

10.3167/ej.2017.510227 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 51 (2) ◽

pp. 205-212

Author(s):

Xiu Gao

Keyword(s):

Present Article ◽

The Other ◽

Western World ◽

Merchant Of Venice ◽

The Merchant Of Venice ◽

The Face ◽

Original Figure ◽

Lexical Items ◽

Target Culture ◽

Social Backgrounds

In the Western world, Shakespeare’s The Merchant of Venice is controversial due to its stereotypical description of Jews as evil and greedy. In China, the work was not widely known until its translations came out. This article deals with two Chinese renderings of Shakespeare’s classic, by Laura White (1914–1915) and Shiqiu Liang (2001/1936) respectively, which reconstruct the image of Shylock and Jews on the basis of the translators’ perceptions of the original figure, combining their identities and social backgrounds. In imagology, based on the ideas of Pageaux (1989/1994), the image of the ‘other’ can be analysed on three levels: lexical items, larger textual units, and plot. On the face of it, the image of the ‘other’ in translation can originate in either the source or target culture. However, the present article, which focuses on the lexical level, shows that there is a third possibility – a lexicon that blends two or more cultures.

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Microvascular osteoseptocutaneous radial flap in reconstruction of mandible following war injury

Vojnosanitetski pregled ◽

10.2298/vsp0506429s ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 62 (6) ◽

pp. 429-434 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Srboljub Stosic ◽

Jefta Kozarski ◽

Tatjana Stosic-Opincal ◽

Nebojsa Jovic ◽

Ruzica Kozomara

Keyword(s):

Maxillofacial Surgery ◽

Late Complications ◽

War Injuries ◽

Military Medical Academy ◽

Medical Academy ◽

The Face ◽

Compound Graft ◽

The Military ◽

Outstanding Quality

Background. Vascularized osteoseptocutaneous radial flap is commonly used in the reconstruction of composite bony and soft tissue defects of the lower third of the face due to the outstanding quality of its cutaneous component. The aim was to evaluate the primary and overall success in the reconstruction of mandibular defects, following war injuries, with vascularized osteoseptocutaneous radial flap. Methods. At the Department of Maxillofacial Surgery of the Military Medical Academy Belgrade, there were eight patients with this kind of defect following war injury, and the mandible was reconstructed with a vascularized osteoseptocutaneous radial flap. Bony compartment of the graft was harvested as up to 11 cm long segment of radial circumference. Results. The localization and structure of the defect, features of a harvested compound graft, the procedure of the reestablishment of the mandibular continuity was presented as well as immediate and late complications during the consolidation period, and the primary successful reconstruction in 87.5% of the patients. Conclusion. The primary and overall success in the mandibular defects reconstruction with a vascularized osteoseptocutaneous radial flap was equal or even better than those presented in the literature on the reconstruction of the similar defects after tumor resections.

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Exposure Assessment to Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields in Occupational Military Scenarios: A Review

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph19020920 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 920

Author(s):

Silvia Gallucci ◽

Serena Fiocchi ◽

Marta Bonato ◽

Emma Chiaramello ◽

Gabriella Tognola ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Exposure Assessment ◽

Military Personnel ◽

Scientific Literature ◽

Human Beings ◽

Exposure Limits ◽

Worker Exposure ◽

Communication Devices ◽

Directed Energy ◽

The Military ◽

Intended Use

(1) Background: Radiofrequency radiations are used in most devices in current use and, consequently, the assessment of the human exposure to the radiofrequency radiations has become an issue of strong interest. Even if in the military field there is wide use of radiofrequency devices, a clear picture on the exposure assessment to the electromagnetic field of the human beings in the military scenario is still missing. (2) Methods: a review of the scientific literature regarding the assessment of the exposure of the military personnel to the RF specific to the military environment, was performed. (3) Results: the review has been performed grouping the scientific literature by the typology of military devices to which the military personnel can be exposed to. The military devices have been classified in four main classes, according to their intended use: communication devices, localization/surveillance devices, jammers and EM directed-energy weapons. (4) Discussion and Conclusions: The review showed that in the exposure conditions here evaluated, there were only occasional situations of overexposure, whereas in the majority of the conditions the exposure was below the worker exposure limits. Nevertheless, the limited number of studies and the lack of exposure assessment studies for some devices prevent us to draw definitive conclusions and encourage further studies on military exposure assessment.

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JOINT REGIONAL MILITARY ACT TO CURB CORONA VIRUS PANDEMIC

Jurnal Pertahanan ◽

10.33172/jp.v7i1.952 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 158

Author(s):

Thomas Atmaja Adi ◽

Ganesha Wandawa ◽

Wahyu Hidayat

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Military Medicine ◽

Case Fatality ◽

Joint Research ◽

Data Processing Tool ◽

The Face ◽

The Republic ◽

Novel Coronavirus ◽

And Control ◽

The Military

<div>Threats to the security of the Republic of Indonesia are classified as military and non-military threats. One of the non-military threats is the danger of an epidemic, which includes a threat with a public safety dimension. The growth of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) cases has been very fast. As of August 4, 2020, globally 18.14 million cases were confirmed worldwide with 691,013 deaths or a Case Fatality Ratio (CFR) of 3.8%. The 2019-nCoV Outbreak became a COVID-19 pandemic which has an impact on public health and the world economy. ASEAN Plus member countries are deploying militaries to help contain the spread and control the effects of this pandemic. The military is deployed because it is considered a trained resource and is better prepared to deal with emergencies. The purpose of this study is to analyse the joint action of the regional military in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study uses an explanative qualitative method using NVivo as a data processing tool and data analysis using Soft System Methodology (SSM). The results of this study found that the joint regional military actions that have been carried out to stem the spread of COVID-19 are dominated by activities carried out by the ASEAN Center of Military Medicine (ACMM) as the leading sector, activities that have been carried out are the exchange of information and sharing practical activities in managing COVID-19, holding a Tabletop Exercise (TTX) for public health emergency response, joint research and sharing health materials among ASEAN Plus member countries. Meanwhile, the ASEAN Plus network of biological and radiological defense experts has yet to show specific activities to curb the COVID-19 pandemic.</div>

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Adaptive reuse process of the Historic Urban Landscape post-Covid-19. The potential of the inner areas for a “new normal”

VITRUVIO - International Journal of Architectural Technology and Sustainability ◽

10.4995/vitruvio-ijats.2020.14521 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 87

Author(s):

Maria Rita Pinto ◽

Serena Viola ◽

Katia Fabbricatti ◽

Maria Giovanna Pacifico

Keyword(s):

Urban Landscape ◽

Adaptive Reuse ◽

Health And Safety ◽

Security Requirements ◽

Health Security ◽

Settlement Systems ◽

The Past ◽

The Face ◽

The City ◽

New Framework

Often in the past, the great disasters (environmental calamities, earthquakes, epidemics) activated unexpressed energies, triggering transformations of the built environment, able to give rise unexpected conditions of economic, cultural and social development. The fragility of settlement systems in the face of unexpected threats brings out the need for a new planning, changing our gaze on the city.The new framework of needs drawn by the pandemic and the renewed sensitivity towards the combination of health – sustainability, rekindle the spotlight on inner areas. These emerged as "reservoirs of resilience", areas to look at, in order to reach an eco-systemic balance.The aim of the paper is to return an experience of adaptive reuse of the Historical Urban Landscape in an inner area of Southern Italy, where the needs of health and safety of the community are integrated with the transmission of the built heritage to future generations. The goal is the promotion of inclusive prosperity scenarios, towards the so-called "new normality".Starting from an in-depth literature review on the cases of pandemics in history and the strategies implemented, the research identifies health security requirements at the scale of the Historical Urban Landscape and design solutions aimed at reactivating lost synergies between communities and places.

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