scholarly journals Comprehensive Investigation of the Effects of Brewing Conditions in Sample Preparation of Green Tea Infusions

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 1735 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Jin ◽  
Jing Zhao ◽  
Eun Mi Kim ◽  
Ki Hyun Kim ◽  
Seulgi Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Green Tea ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Biological Investigation ◽  
Preparation Conditions ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Tea Infusions

Chemical and biological investigation of green tea has been generally performed while using different infusions that are prepared without consideration of the effects of sample preparation conditions. In this study, for the first time, the effects of green tea brewing conditions on the antioxidant activity and chemical profiles of metabolome and catechin compounds were examined at 60 °C and 95 °C for a period of 5–300 min. The antioxidant capacities of the tea infusions, which were assessed as per 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl hydrate (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, depended more on temperature than time. Metabolomics study that was based on ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF/MS) revealed that the metabolic profiles, including 33 differential metabolites, were significantly changed by temperature and time, with the effects of time being more evident at 95 °C starting after 30 min. Infusions that were brewed at 95 °C for greater than 30 min yielded distinct profiles in the hierarchical clustering analysis. The quantification of eight catechins by UHPLC-QqQ/MS showed that the total catechin level peaked at 95 °C brewing at 10 min, after which the levels of four epi-forms of catechins decreased and those of four non-epi-forms increased, implying the epimerization of catechins over time. These results suggest that the brewing conditions for sample preparation of green tea should be put into careful consideration in studies where green tea extracts are applied as aqueous infusions.

scholarly journals Investigation of antioxidant and anticancer activities of unsaturated oligo-galacturonic acids produced by pectinase of Streptomyces hydrogenans YAM1

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Afrouzossadat Hosseini Abari ◽  
Hamed Amini Rourani ◽  
Seyed Mahdi Ghasemi ◽  
Hyun Kim ◽  
Yun-Gon Kim
Keyword(s):  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Flow Cytometric Analysis ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Anticancer Activities ◽  
Pectin Degradation ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Carbohydrate Polymer ◽  
Pectinase Activity

AbstractPectin, a diverse carbohydrate polymer in plants consists of a core of α-1,4-linked D-galacturonic acid units, includes a vast portion of fruit and agricultural wastes. Using the wastes to produce beneficial compounds is a new approach to control the negative environmental impacts of the accumulated wastes. In the present study, we report a pectinase producing bacterium Streptomyces hydrogenans YAM1 and evaluate antioxidative and anticancer effects of the oligosaccharides obtained from pectin degradation. The production of oligosaccharides due to pectinase activity was detected by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Our results revealed that S. hydrogenans YAM1 can degrade pectin to unsaturated pectic oligo-galacturonic acids (POS) with approximately 93% radical scavenging activity in 20 mg/mL which it is more than 50% of the same concentration of pectin. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that MCF-7 cells viability decreased more than 32 and 92% following treatment with 6 and 20 mg/mL POS after 24 h, respectively. It is suggested that pectin degradation by S. hydrogenans YAM1 is not only a new approach to produce highly active compounds from fruit wastes, but also is an effective method to remove fibrous pollutants from different environments.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study of the Antioxidative Effects of Helichrysum italicum and Helichrysum arenarium Infusions

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 380
Author(s):  
Katja Kramberger ◽  
Zala Jenko Pražnikar ◽  
Alenka Baruca Arbeiter ◽  
Ana Petelin ◽  
Dunja Bandelj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Morphological Type ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Stress Related Genes

Helichrysum arenarium (L.) Moench (abbrev. as HA) has a long tradition in European ethnomedicine and its inflorescences are approved as a herbal medicinal product. In the Mediterranean part of Europe, Helichrysum italicum (Roth) G. Don (abbrev. as HI) is more common. Since infusions from both plants are traditionally used, we aimed to compare their antioxidative potential using in vitro assays. Two morphologically distinct HI plants, HIa and HIb, were compared to a commercially available HA product. Genetic analysis using microsatellites confirmed a clear differentiation between HI and HA and suggested that HIb was a hybrid resulting from spontaneous hybridization from unknown HI subspecies. High-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis showed the highest amounts of hydroxycinnamic acids and total arzanol derivatives in HIa, whereas HIb was richest in monohydroxybenzoic acids, caffeic acids, and coumarins, and HA contained the highest amounts of flavonoids, especially flavanones. HIa exhibited the highest radical scavenging activity; it was more efficient in protecting different cell lines from induced oxidative stress and in inducing oxidative stress-related genes superoxide dismutase 1, catalase, and glutathione reductase 1. The antioxidative potential of HI was not only dependent on the morphological type of the plant but also on the harvest date, revealing important information for obtaining the best possible product. Considering the superior properties of HI compared to HA, the evaluation of HI as a medicinal plant could be recommended.

Dissipation, Processing, Leaching, and Safety Evaluation of Flonicamid and Its Metabolites in Tea

2020 ◽  
Vol 103 (6) ◽  
pp. 1441-1450
Author(s):  
Ya Yang ◽  
Xiangwu Liu ◽  
Qingtao Zhang ◽  
Ya Chen ◽  
Sumei Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Green Tea ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Alcoholic Beverage ◽  
Safety Evaluation ◽  
Tea Infusions ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass ◽  
Chinese Consumer ◽  
Transfer Behavior ◽  
Single Factor Analysis

Abstract Background Tea is a popular traditional non-alcoholic beverage worldwide. Flonicamid is a selective systemic pyridine carboxamide insecticide that is widely used for controlling tea leafhopper in tea. Objective The leaching rates, dissipation dynamics, and residue levels of flonicamid and its metabolites in tea leaves during processing and transferring were investigated to validate the safe risk in tea and transfer behavior using high performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry with a convenient pretreatment method. Method The extracting method and immersion rate experiments were optimized by single factor analysis and orthogonal tests. The acetonitrile extracting solvent with 0.5% formic acid was used and optimal leaching conditions were obtained with a regime of 15 min immersion time, 100°C temperature, three immersions and a tea-to-water ratio of 1:50. Results Average recoveries in processed green tea and infusions were 80.85–98.75% with relative standard deviations <5.87%. LODs and LOQs of flonicamid, 4-trifluoromethylnicotinic acid (TFNA), N-(4-trifluoromethylnicotinoyl) glycine (TFNG), and 4-trifluoromethylnicotinamide (TFNA-AM) were 0.0013–0.350 and 0.004–1 μg/g, respectively. The processing factor of flonicamid was 0.36–5.52 during green tea manufacture. The leaching rates were 22.9-97.4% from processed tea to infusion. Conclusions The risk of long-term and short-term dietary intake of flonicamid was safe in tea infusions with the risk quotient (RQ) values <1 for the Chinese consumer. This work may provide guidance for safe and reasonable consumption of flonicamid in tea in China. Highlights The suitable leaching factors of flonicamid and its metabolites in tea infusions were optimized by orthogonal experimentation for the first time.

scholarly journals Phytochemical contents and antioxidant activities of fern, Asplenium ceterach L. in different altitudes

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-320
Author(s):  
Asuman Karadeniz Pekgöz ◽  
Ilker Çinbilgel
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Plant Chemical ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging ◽  
Phytochemical Contents ◽  
Different Altitudes

Phytochemical contents and antioxidant activities of fern (Asplenium ceterach L.) distributed in different altitudes (22 stations) were compared and the relationships between altitude and plant chemical contents were studied. The highest 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity was found in 22nd station (IC50 = 47.91 μg/ml) and the highest total phenolic content was found in 9th station (110.62 μgGAE/ml) whereas the maximum total flavonoid content was found in 20th station (232.67 μgCE/ml). High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis indicates that the maximum pterosin b (0.235 μg/ml), catechin (2.756 μg/ml) and quercetin (0.207 μg/ml) values were found in 21th station whereas the maximum chlorogenic acid (17.718 μg/ml) was obtained in 9th and caffeic acid (6,598 μg/ml) in 13th stations. It was observed that altitude is not potent alone, but it can be a factor in the occurrence of other ecological factors like soil properties, water, humidity, light and temperature.

Green tea leaves extract with low concentration of EGCG can provide health benefits without causing renal damage

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 369-382
Author(s):  
D. Das ◽  
S. Tamuly ◽  
M. Das Purkayastha ◽  
B. Dutta ◽  
C. Barman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Green Tea ◽  
Oral Delivery ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Tea Leaves ◽  
Green Tea Leaves

AbstractGreen tea or its concentrated extract is coveted for its health promoting catechin-like polyphenols, especially epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG). However, its amicable efficacy is now being doubted considering the recent occurrence of several cases of hepato- and nephrotoxicity, after the ingestion of EGCG-fortified (≥85–90%) nutritional supplements. Therefore, the current study was carried out to ascertain the effect of green tea leaves extract (GTE), having low EGCG content (73.8%), on liver and kidney functions of male Wistar rats using various in vivo experiments and in vitro radical scavenging activity. In terms of acute toxicity, GTE was observed to be safe when delivered at a dosage of 2000 mg kg−1 body weight (BW). Oral delivery of GTE for 28 days at a concentration of 200 mg kg−1 BW/day did not trigger sub-acute toxicity to the liver and kidneys, as per serum biochemical analyses and histopathological examination. In contrast, GTE counteracted the effects of carbon tetrachloride (a potent hepato-degenerative compound) on the liver. Furthermore, increase in high-density lipoprotein―cholesterol with concomitant lowering of serum triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein―cholesterol were noticed in GTE-treated rats. These findings suggest that low EGCG containing GTE, with appreciable antioxidant activity (IC50 = 53.18–71.28 μg mL−1), can serve as a hepatoprotective, hypolipidemic, and hypocholesterolemic ingredient.

scholarly journals Effect of Drying and Steeping Temperatures on the Phenolic Content, Antioxidant Activity, Aromatic Compounds and Sensory Properties of Cunila polyantha Benth. Infusions

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1378
Author(s):  
Karla Araceli Silva-Ramírez ◽  
Dioselina Álvarez-Bernal ◽  
Ernesto Oregel-Zamudio ◽  
Cecilia Guízar-González ◽  
José Roberto Medina-Medrano
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Epigallocatechin Gallate ◽  
Sensory Properties ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Preparation Conditions ◽  
Tea Infusions ◽  
Group A ◽  
Nutraceutical Properties

Cunila polyantha Benth. (Lamiaceae), an aromatic plant endemic to Mexico, is used in traditional medicine as tea infusions. In this study, the effects of different drying and steeping temperatures on the phenolic content and composition, antioxidant activity, volatile composition, and sensory properties of C. polyantha infusions were determined. Commercial green tea (Camellia sinensis L. Kuntze) was used as a control. The phenolic compounds identified in the C. polyantha infusions by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) include phenolic acids such as gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, and p-coumaric acid, flavonoids such as epigallocatechin gallate, protocatechin, quercetin, and naringenin, as well as the phenolic aldehyde vanillin. The C. polyantha infusions showed scavenging activity of DPPH• and ABTS•+ radicals as well as relevant antioxidant capacity, which was dependent on tea preparation conditions. A total of 46 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were detected from the leaves and flowers of C. polyantha, while in the control group, a total of 30 VOCs were identified. Differences in consumer acceptability of C. polyantha infusions prepared at different conditions were observed. This research highlights the importance of linking sensory and chemical data to obtain the best sensorial quality and the optimal nutraceutical properties in C. polyantha infusions.

scholarly journals Rapid Screening and Structural Characterization of Antioxidants from the Extract ofSelaginella doederleiniiHieron with DPPH-UPLC-Q-TOF/MS Method

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gang Wang ◽  
Shun Yao ◽  
Xiu-Xiu Zhang ◽  
Hang Song
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Rapid Screening ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometry ◽  
First Time ◽  
Strong Capacity ◽  
Tof Ms

2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl-ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-Q-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (DPPH-UPLC-Q-TOF/MS), as a rapid and efficient means, now was used for the first time to screen antioxidants fromSelaginella doederleinii. The nine biflavone compounds were screened as potential antioxidants. The biflavones were structurally identified and divided into the three types, that is, amentoflavone-type, robustaflavone-type, and hinokiflavone-type biflavonoids. Among the compounds bilobetin (3) and putraflavone (8) were found fromSelaginella doederleiniifor the first time and others including amentoflavone (1), robustaflavone (2), 4′-methoxy robustaflavone (4), podocarpusflavone A (5), hinokiflavone (6), ginkgetin (7), and heveaflavone (9) were identified previously in the plant. Moreover, nine biflavones possessed a good antioxidant activity via their DPPH free radical scavenging. It demonstrates that DPPH-UPLC-Q-TOF/MS exhibits strong capacity in separation and identification for small molecule. The method is suitable for rapid screening of antioxidants without the need for complicated systems and additional instruments.

scholarly journals Antioxidant activity and total phenol content of blackberries cultivated in a highland tropical climate

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayara Neves Santos Guedes ◽  
Rafael Pio ◽  
Luana Aparecida Castilho Maro ◽  
Fabíola Fonseca Lage ◽  
Celeste Maria Patto de Abreu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Phenol ◽  
Total Phenol Content ◽  
Phenol Content ◽  
Phenolic Contents

Blackberries are an important option for the diversification of fruit crops. However, there is currently no literature regarding plant cultivation in high-altitude tropical climates. Knowledge of the phenolic composition of blackberries is essential because variations in the levels of these components may exist between cultivars and may depend on environmental conditions. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to evaluate the total phenol content of different blackberry cultivars (Arapaho, Brazos, Cainguangue, Cherokee, Choctaw, Comanche, Ébano, Guarani, Tupy and Xavante). Free radical scavenging activity in these cultivars was assayed using a DPPH test. The HPLC-UV chromatogram of blackberry fruit extracts at 280 nm revealed the presence of phenolic compounds. The results showed significant differences in the levels of phenolic compounds in the blackberry cultivars tested. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using the ABTS free radical and ranged from 2.7 ± 0.1 to 19 ± 2 μmole of Trolox equivalents per gram of sample (b.u.). These results are in good correlation with the phenolic contents of the blackberries tested. The Xavante blackberry cultivar had the highest levels of polyphenols that could be individually identified. Catechin polyphenols were found to be the main component in the blackberry varieties tested. 

scholarly journals Identification of Phenolic Acids and Flavonoids in Monofloral Honey from Bangladesh by High Performance Liquid Chromatography: Determination of Antioxidant Capacity

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Moniruzzaman ◽  
Chua Yung An ◽  
Pasupuleti Visweswara Rao ◽  
Mohammad Nurul Islam Hawlader ◽  
Siti Amirah Binti Mohd Azlan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
The Mean

The aim of the present study was to characterize the phenolic acids, flavonoids, and antioxidant properties of monofloral honey collected from five different districts in Bangladesh. A new high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) equipped with a UV detector method was developed for the identification of the phenolic acids and flavonoids. A total of five different phenolic acids were identified, with the most abundant being caffeic acid, benzoic acid, gallic acid, followed by chlorogenic acid and trans-cinnamic acid. The flavonoids, kaempferol, and catechin were most abundant, followed by myricetin and naringenin. The mean moisture content, total sugar content, and color characteristics of the honey samples were 18.36 ± 0.95%, 67.40 ± 5.63 g/100 g, and 129.27 ± 34.66 mm Pfund, respectively. The mean total phenolic acids, total flavonoid content, and proline content were 199.20 ± 135.23, 46.73 ± 34.16, and 556.40 ± 376.86 mg/kg, respectively, while the mean FRAP values and DPPH radical scavenging activity were 327.30 ± 231.87 μM Fe (II)/100 g and 36.95 ± 20.53%, respectively. Among the different types of honey, kalijira exhibited the highest phenolics and antioxidant properties. Overall, our study confirms that all the investigated honey samples are good sources of phenolic acids and flavonoids with good antioxidant properties.

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