scholarly journals Current Trends on Seaweeds: Looking at Chemical Composition, Phytopharmacology, and Cosmetic Applications

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (22) ◽  
pp. 4182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salehi ◽  
Sharifi-Rad ◽  
Seca ◽  
Pinto ◽  
Michalak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Primary Metabolites ◽  
Primary And Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Bioactive Potential

Seaweeds have received huge interest in recent years given their promising potentialities. Their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, hypolipemic, and anticoagulant effects are among the most renowned and studied bioactivities so far, and these effects have been increasingly associated with their content and richness in both primary and secondary metabolites. Although primary metabolites have a pivotal importance such as their content in polysaccharides (fucoidans, agars, carragenans, ulvans, alginates, and laminarin), recent data have shown that the content in some secondary metabolites largely determines the effective bioactive potential of seaweeds. Among these secondary metabolites, phenolic compounds feature prominently. The present review provides the most remarkable insights into seaweed research, specifically addressing its chemical composition, phytopharmacology, and cosmetic applications.

scholarly journals Berry primary and secondary metabolites in response to sunlight and temperature in the grapevine fruit zone

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alain Deloire ◽  
Suzy Rogiers ◽  
Guillaume Antalick ◽  
Anne Pellegrino
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Crop Management ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Primary And Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Management Factors ◽  
Berry Composition

The chemical composition of berries at harvest, which will affect wine styles, is determined by complex physiological processes occurring from set through the fruit’s lifetime to maturity, and this is closely intertwined with environmental and crop management factors. Among those factors, climatic conditions within the fruit zone (i.e. microclimate), such as light and temperature, are well-known to affect the physiology of the fruit at the skin, pulp and seed levels. This article will present the potential of leaf thinning in the bunch zone to modify cluster microclimate and berry composition.

scholarly journals Comparative GC-MS analysis of the composition of metabolites of aboveground and underground parts of Comarum palustre L

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 95-103
Author(s):  
J. Strugar ◽  
A. A. Orlova ◽  
M. N. Povydysh
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Leningrad Region ◽  
Primary Metabolites ◽  
Primary And Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Comarum Palustre ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction. Understanding the mechanisms of accumulation of individual groups of biologically active substances in promising types of plant raw materials and the possibility of predicting them is important for solving fundamental and applied problems of pharmaceuticals. To date, differences have been revealed in the qualitative and quantitative composition of secondary metabolites in the aboveground and underground of Comarum palustre L., however, the issue remains unstudied.Aim. Comparative metabolomic study of the composition of the primary metabolites of the aboveground and underground parts of Comarum palustre L.Materials and methods. The object of the study was the aboveground and underground parts of Comarum palustre L., harvested in the vicinity of the nursery of medicinal plants of the St. Petersburg State Chemical and Pharmaceutical University (Leningrad Region, Vsevolozhsky District, Priozerskoe Highway, 38 km) in 2019 and dried. Metabolomic studies based on GC-MS method was perfomed. A statistical analysis based on the MetaboAnalyst 5.0 platform was used.Results and discussion. Analysis of the chromatograms obtained using the GC-MS method revealed the content of 933 primary metabolites in the aboveground and underground parts of Comarum palustre L., 120 of which were identified. Using a number of statistical methods, 10 metabolites from monosaccharides, acids and alcohols, making the greatest contribution to the manifestation of differences between the studied samples, were identified.Conclusion. The study revealed the relationship between the composition of primary and secondary metabolites in medicinal plant raw materials.

scholarly journals Metabolites from Macroalgae and Its Applications in the Cosmetic Industry: A Circular Economy Approach

Resources ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catarina Lourenço-Lopes ◽  
Maria Fraga-Corral ◽  
Cecilia Jimenez-Lopez ◽  
Antia G. Pereira ◽  
Paula Garcia-Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Marine Macroalgae ◽  
Gelling Agents ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Cosmetic Industry ◽  
The World

Marine macroalgae are a suitable source of ingredients due to their huge diversity, availability and nutritional and chemical composition. Their high content in proteins, carbohydrates and vitamins, but also in secondary metabolites such as phenolic compounds, terpenoids or pigments, make them great candidates for industrial applications. The cosmetic industry is one of the biggest in the world and the search for new ingredients is constantly growing as the consumer trend now is going back to those traditional cosmetics with a more natural composition. Moreover, the concept of a circular economy is also gaining importance due to the unsustainable situation of the natural resources. Although macroalgae are already used in cosmetics, especially as thickening and gelling agents, they possess an unexplored potential, not only as excipients and additives but also as a source of new active ingredients. In this context, macroalgae are considered in many cases as resources still underexploited and they could even be obtained from the waste of other industrial sectors and be used for recovering active molecules. Therefore, the aim of this review is to compile information about the different macroalgae metabolites and their possible applications in the cosmetic industry, which could employ circular economy models.

scholarly journals Infusions of Herbal Blends as Promising Sources of Phenolic Compounds and Bioactive Properties

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 2151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiane C. Finimundy ◽  
Carla Pereira ◽  
Maria Inês Dias ◽  
Cristina Caleja ◽  
Ricardo C. Calhelha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Phenolic Profile ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Bioactive Potential ◽  
Nutraceutical Products

Several plants have been used for medicinal applications and have been traditionally consumed as decoctions and infusions. Although some herbs are used alone as a beverage, they are often blended in mixtures to maximize their effects. Herein, the nutritional characterization of six infusions from herbal blends was evaluated using the official methods of analysis (AOAC international). A further characterization of the individual phenolic profile was also performed by HPLC-DAD/ESI-MSn, and finally bioactive potential was determined by evaluating the antioxidant, cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities of each blend. The wide variety of plants in each sample led to variability in the results for all analyzed parameters. However, blends containing 15% Laurus nobilis L. and 15% Juglan regia L. in their composition showed higher sugar content and energy contribution; higher concentration of phenolic compounds (phenolic acids and flavonoids); greater antioxidant, cytotoxic, and anti-inflammatory capacity; and also better antimicrobial effects against all the tested bacterial and fungal strains. Further studies will be necessary to evaluate the real synergistic effects that these two species show in the presence of other plants, and to evaluate their potential for application in various food, pharmaceutical, and nutraceutical products as infusion preparations.

scholarly journals Thymus algeriensis and Thymus fontanesii: Chemical Composition, In Vivo Antiinflammatory, Pain Killing and Antipyretic Activities: A Comprehensive Comparison

Biomolecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 599 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mansour Sobeh ◽  
Samar Rezq ◽  
Mohammed Cheurfa ◽  
Mohamed A.O. Abdelfattah ◽  
Rasha M.H. Rashied ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Docking Study ◽  
Molecular Docking Study ◽  
Thymus Algeriensis ◽  
Comprehensive Comparison ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

This study aimed to investigate the chemical composition, and evaluate the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-pyretic, and the analgesic properties of methanol extracts from the leaves of Thymus algeriensis and Thymus fontanesii (Lamiaceae). Thirty-five secondary metabolites were characterized in both extracts using HPLC-PDA-ESI-MS/MS. Phenolic acids, mainly rosmarinic acid and its derivatives, dominated the T. algeriensis extract, while the phenolic diterpene carnosol and the methylated flavonoid salvigenin, prevailed in T. fontanesii extract. Molecular docking study was carried out to estimate the anti-inflammatory potential and the binding affinities of some individual secondary metabolites from both extracts to the main enzymes involved in the inflammation pathway. In vitro enzyme inhibitory assays and in vivo assays were used to investigate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of the extracts. Results revealed that both studied Thymus species exhibited antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic effects. They showed to be a more potent antioxidant than ascorbic acid and more selective against cyclooxygenase (COX-2) than diclofenac and indomethacin. Relatively, the T. fontanesii extract was more potent as COX-2 inhibitor than T. algeriensis. In conclusion, Thymus algeriensis and Thymus fontanesii may be interesting candidates for the treatment of inflammation and oxidative stress-related disorders.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE CONDITIONS ON THE ACCUMULATION OF PRIMARY AND SECONDARY METABOLITES BY LICHENS FLAVOCETRARIA CUCULLATA AND CETRARIA LAEVIGATA

2021 ◽  
pp. 227-233
Author(s):  
Il'ya Andreyevich Prokopiev ◽  
Igor Vitalievich Sleptsov ◽  
Lena Nikolayevna Poryadina
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Climatic Chamber ◽  
Protective Properties ◽  
Primary Metabolites ◽  
Primary And Secondary Metabolites ◽  
General Activation

The study of the effect of temperature on the accumulation of primary and secondary metabolites by lichens Flavocetraria cucullata (Bellardi) Kärnefelt & Thell and Cetraria laevigata Rass was carried out. Lichen samples were taken out from under the snow (-20 °C) together with the soil substrate and transferred to the climatic chamber. Then the temperature in the climatic chamber was sequentially increased to +10 and +20 °C. The lichen exposure was carried out for 30 days for each temperature regime. The analysis of primary metabolites was performed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. It was shown that in lichens F. cucullata and C. laevigata at temperatures of +10 and +20 °C, an increase in the content of mannitol, ribitol, sucrose, and hydroxyproline was observed, as well as a decrease in the content of unsaturated fatty acids as compared to the initial samples. At the same time, the content of glycerol and arabitol in the thalli of the initial lichens (-20 °C) was higher than after exposure at +10 and +20 °C, which, apparently, is associated with the cryoprotective properties of these compounds. The content of secondary metabolites in lichens was determined by high performance liquid chromatography. It was shown that the content of usnic, allo-protolichesterinic, and protolichesterinic acids in F. cucullata increased after exposure in a climatic chamber, which may be associated with a general activation of metabolic processes with an increase in temperature. At the same time, the content of fumarprotocetraric acid in C. laevigata lichens decreased at temperatures of +10 and +20 °C compared to the initial samples, which may be associated with its protective properties under the action of low-temperature stress.

scholarly journals Molecular Spectroscopic (FTIR and UV-Vis) and Hyphenated Chromatographic (UHPLC-qTOF-MS) Analysis and In Vitro Bioactivities of the Momordica balsamina Leaf Extract

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
X. E. Mabasa ◽  
L. M. Mathomu ◽  
N. E. Madala ◽  
E. M. Musie ◽  
M. T. Sigidi
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Raw 264.7 Cells ◽  
Raw 264.7 ◽  
Absorption Bands ◽  
Flavonoid Aglycones ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Momordica balsamina (M. balsamina) is a medicinal herb comprising health-promoting secondary metabolites. This study was aimed to profile bioactive compounds in the methanolic extract of M. balsamina leaves using molecular spectroscopic (UV-Vis and FTIR) and hyphenated chromatographic (UHPLC-qTOF-MS) techniques and evaluate the biological (in vitro anti-inflammatory and cytotoxicity) activities of the extract. The preliminary phytochemical screening tests revealed the presence of cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and terpenoids. The UV-Vis profile revealed various absorption bands ranging from 200 to 750 nm, indicating the presence of flavonoids, phenolic compounds, tannins, terpenoids, carotenoids, chlorophyll, and alkaloids. FTIR spectra confirmed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenes, anthraquinones, and phenolic compounds. A high-resolution and accurate mass spectrometer (LC-QTOF-MS model LC-MS-9030 instrument) was used, and the results confirmed the presence of flavonoid aglycones, such as quercetin, isorhamnetin, and kaempferol, as well as pseudolaroside A and dicaffeoylquinic and feruloyl isocitric acids. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of pseudolaroside A dimer and feruloyl isocitric acid in M. balsamina leaves. In vitro cytotoxicity assay showed that the extract was nontoxic against human colorectal adenocarcinoma (HT29 and Caco2), Vero, and RAW 264.7 cells. However, the extract showed anti-inflammatory activity on RAW 264.7 cells. The study confirmed that M. balsamina leaves contain nontoxic secondary metabolites that may play a pivotal role in human health as anti-inflammatory agents.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Seasonality of Aromatic Mediterranean Plant Species by NMR-Based Metabolomics

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Scognamiglio ◽  
Brigida D’Abrosca ◽  
Assunta Esposito ◽  
Antonio Fiorentino
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Rosmarinic Acid ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Primary And Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Mediterranean Plant ◽  
Metabolomic Approach ◽  
Phenylpropanoid Derivatives

An NMR-based metabolomic approach has been applied to analyse seven aromatic Mediterranean plant species used in traditional cuisine. Based on the ethnobotanical use of these plants, the approach has been employed in order to study the metabolic changes during different seasons. Primary and secondary metabolites have been detected and quantified. Flavonoids (apigenin, quercetin, and kaempferol derivatives) and phenylpropanoid derivatives (e.g., chlorogenic and rosmarinic acid) are the main identified polyphenols. The richness in these metabolites could explain the biological properties ascribed to these plant species.

scholarly journals Medicinal plants with anti-inflammatory activity

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 157-159
Author(s):  
Sunita Verma ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Phytochemical Compounds ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Inflammation is part of the body's immune response. There can be four primary indicators of inflammation: pain, redness, heat or warmness and swelling. Plants have the ability to synthesize a wide verity of phytochemical compounds as secondary metabolites which shows anti-inflammatory activity. In the present review an attempt has been made to investigate the anti-inflammatory activity of some medicinal plants.

scholarly journals Comparative Phytochemical Analyses and Metabolic Profiling of Different Phenotypes of Chinese Cabbage (Brassica Rapa ssp. Pekinensis)

Foods ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang Ha Park ◽  
Hyeon Ji Yeo ◽  
Soo-Yun Park ◽  
Jae Kwang Kim ◽  
Sang Un Park
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Chinese Cabbage ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Total Carotenoids ◽  
Primary Metabolites ◽  
Primary And Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Phenolic Contents ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometry ◽  
The Relationship

This study aimed to comprehensively examine the interface between primary and secondary metabolites in oval- and rectangular-shaped Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis) using gas chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOFMS) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In addition to differences in shape, there was significant morphological variation between the two cultivars. The rectangular variety had greater height and deeper green color, whereas the oval variety had more leaves and greater width. A total of 42 primary metabolites identified by GC-TOFMS were subjected to partial least-squares discriminant, which indicated significant differences in the primary and secondary metabolisms of the two cultivars. Furthermore, total glucosinolate and phenolic contents were higher in the oval cultivar, whereas the rectangular cultivar contained a higher level of total carotenoids. This metabolome study comprehensively describes the relationship between primary and secondary metabolites in the oval and rectangular cultivars of Chinese cabbage and provides information useful for developing strategies to enhance the biosynthesis of glucosinolates, phenolics, and carotenoids in Chinese cabbage. Additionally, this work highlights that HPLC and GC-TOFMS–based metabolite profiling is suitable techniques to determine metabolic differences in Chinese cabbage.

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