scholarly journals Preventive Effect of YGDEY from Tilapia Fish Skin Gelatin Hydrolysates against Alcohol-Induced Damage in HepG2 Cells through ROS-Mediated Signaling Pathways

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mei-Fang Chen ◽  
Fang Gong ◽  
Yuanyuan Zhang ◽  
Cheng-Yong Li ◽  
Chun-Xia Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Hepg2 Cells ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Nuclear Factor Κb ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Fish Skin ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein ◽  
Fish Skin Gelatin

According to a previous study, YGDEY from tilapia fish skin gelatin hydrolysates hasstrong free radical scavenging activity. In the present study, the protective effect of YGDEY againstoxidative stress induced by ethanol in HepG2 cells was investigated. First, cells were incubatedwith YGDEY (10, 20, 50, and 100 μM) to assess cytotoxicity, and there was no significant change incell viability. Next, it was established that YGDEY decreased the production of reactive oxygenspecies (ROS). Western blot results indicated that YGDEY increased the levels of superoxidedismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) and decreased the expression ofgamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) in HepG2 cells. It was then revealed that YGDEY markedlyreduced the expressions of bax and cleaved-caspase-3 (c-caspase-3); inhibited phosphorylation ofAkt, IκB-α, p65, and p38; and increased the level of bcl-2. Moreover, the comet assay showed thatYGDEY effectively decreased the amount of ethanol-induced DNA damage. Thus, YGDEYprotected HepG2 cells from alcohol-induced injury by inhibiting oxidative stress, and this may beassociated with the Akt/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaltransduction pathways. These results demonstrate that YGDEY from tilapia fish skin gelatinhydrolysates protects HepG2 cells from oxidative stress, making it a potential functional foodingredient.

scholarly journals ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY AND ANTIPROLIFERATIVE ACTION OF METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF LIQUORICE (GLYCYRRHIZA GLABRA) IN HEPG2 CELL LINE

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dasharath B. Shinde ◽  
Santosh S. Koratkar ◽  
Neeti Sharma ◽  
Ajinkya A. Shitole
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Hepg2 Cells ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Glycyrrhiza Glabra ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Hepg2 Cell Line

<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the <em>in vitro </em>antioxidant activity of liquorice (<em>Glycyrrhiza glabra) </em>against H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> induced oxidative stress in HepG2 cell line.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Antioxidant activity of methanolic extracts of <em>Glycyrrhiza glabra</em> was investigated by measuring total phenolic content using folin-ciocalteu reagent (FCR), free radical scavenging activity by DPPH and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). The presence of phenolic compounds and flavonoids in the extract was confirmed by Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis. Furthermore, the protective effect of methanolic extract of <em>Glycyrrhiza glabra</em> against oxidative stress induced by H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2 </sub>in HepG2 cells was investigated by MTT assay. HepG2 cells were exposed with five different treatments viz. liquorice, H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, ascorbic acid, H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>+liquorice and H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>+ascorbic acid, to explore the effect of the extract on malondialdehyde (MDA) production, catalase activity, and glutathione reductase levels.<strong></strong></p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The total phenolic content estimated in <em>Glycyrrhiza glabra </em>extract was found to be 241.47 µg per 1000 µg/ml of methanolic extract. It was found that as the concentration of the extract was increased both the free radical scavenging activity and ferric ion reducing power was also found to increase. LC-MS analysis confirmed the presence of eight different phenolic compounds in the methanolic extract which are possibly contributing to the antioxidant activity exhibited by the extract. It was also observed that liquorice treated HepG2 cells showed lower MDA and higher glutathione and catalase levels as compared to only H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2 </sub>treated HepG2 cells where increased MDA production, decreased glutathione reductase and catalase production was observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results thus conclude that, the methanolic extract of <em>Glycyrrhiza glabra </em>can be used as natural supplements in various disease conditions where oxidative stress has been reported. <strong></strong></p><p> </p>

Importance of post-transcriptional regulation of chemokine genes by oxidative stress

2001 ◽  
Vol 360 (2) ◽  
pp. 321-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire JOSSE ◽  
Johan R. BOELAERT ◽  
Martin BEST-BELPOMME ◽  
Jacques PIETTE
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Nuclear Translocation ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Nuclear Factor Κb ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
U937 Cells ◽  
Transient Transfection Assay ◽  
Mrna Species ◽  
Inflammatory Protein ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein

The transcription factor, nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), is activated by various stimuli including cytokines, radiation, viruses and oxidative stress. Here we show that, although induction with H2O2 gives rise to NF-κB nuclear translocation in both lymphocyte (CEM) and monocyte (U937) cells, it leads only to the production of mRNA species encoding interleukin-8 (IL-8) and macrophage inflammatory protein 1α in U937 cells. Under similar conditions these mRNA species are not observed in CEM cells. With the use of a transient transfection assay of U937 cells transfected with reporter constructs of the IL-8 promoter and subsequently treated with H2O2, we show that (1) IL-8-promoter-driven transcription is stimulated in both U937 and CEM cells and (2) the NF-κB site is crucial for activation because its deletion abolishes activation by H2O2. The production of IL-8 mRNA in U937 cells is inhibited by the NF-κB inhibitors clasto-lactacystin-β-lactone and E-64D (l-3-trans-ethoxycarbonyloxirane-2-carbonyl-l-leucine-3-methyl amide) but requires protein synthesis de novo. Moreover, inhibition of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase also decreases the IL-8 mRNA up-regulation mediated by H2O2. Taken together, these results show the importance of post-transcriptional events controlled by a p38-dependent pathway in the production of IL-8 mRNA in U937. The much lower activation of p38 in CEM cells in response to H2O2 could explain the lack of stabilization of IL-8 mRNA in these cells.

Crocin attenuates cisplatin-induced liver injury in the mice

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 855-862 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Sun ◽  
J Yang ◽  
L-Z Wang ◽  
L-R Sun ◽  
Q Dong
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Antitumor Agents ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Liver Histopathology ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein ◽  
Serum Aspartate Aminotransferase

Cisplatin (CDDP) is one of the most frequently used antitumor agents, but its application is significantly limited by its hepatotoxicity. In the present study, we investigated the effects of crocin against CDDP-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in the liver of Kunming mice. Crocin was administered to the mice once daily for 7 consecutive days at the doses of 6.25 and 12.5 mg/kg body weight orally. On day 1, a single intraperitoneal injection of CDDP was given at the dose of 10 mg/kg body weight. Crocin treatment significantly improved CDDP-induced hepatic damage as indicated by serum aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase levels. Crocin relieved CDDP-induced oxidative stress by reducing malondialdehyde level and recovering the levels of glutathione and antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase. In addition, liver histopathology indicated that crocin alleviated CDDP-induced focal necrosis. Immunohistochemical staining and Western blot analysis showed that crocin significantly decreased the levels of phospho-p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), tumor protein 53 (p53), and cleaved caspase-3. Taken together, our data suggest that crocin provides protective effects against CDDP-induced hepatoxicity by attenuating oxidative stress and inhibiting the activation of p38 MAPK, p53, and caspase-3.

scholarly journals TAK1 Mediates ROS Generation Triggered by the Specific Cephalosporins through Noncanonical Mechanisms

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (24) ◽  
pp. 9497
Author(s):  
Midori Suzuki ◽  
Yukino Asai ◽  
Tomohiro Kagi ◽  
Takuya Noguchi ◽  
Mayuka Yamada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Β ◽  
Nuclear Factor Κb ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Ros Generation ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein

It is known that a wide variety of antibacterial agents stimulate generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in mammalian cells. However, its mechanisms are largely unknown. In this study, we unexpectedly found that transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) is involved in the generation of mitochondrial ROS (mtROS) initiated by cefotaxime (CTX), one of specific antibacterial cephalosporins that can trigger oxidative stress-induced cell death. TAK1-deficient macrophages were found to be sensitive to oxidative stress-induced cell death stimulated by H2O2. Curiously, however, TAK1-deficient macrophages exhibited strong resistance to oxidative stress-induced cell death stimulated by CTX. Microscopic analysis revealed that CTX-induced ROS generation was overridden by knockout or inhibition of TAK1, suggesting that the kinase activity of TAK1 is required for CTX-induced ROS generation. Interestingly, pharmacological blockade of the TAK1 downstream pathways, such as nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways, did not affect the CTX-induced ROS generation. In addition, we observed that CTX promotes translocation of TAK1 to mitochondria. Together, these observations suggest that mitochondrial TAK1 mediates the CTX-induced mtROS generation through noncanonical mechanisms. Thus, our data demonstrate a novel and atypical function of TAK1 that mediates mtROS generation triggered by the specific cephalosporins.

scholarly journals Potential therapeutic properties of Sorbus commixta twig ethanol extract on vitiligo in skin cells

2021 ◽  
pp. 42-42
Author(s):  
Da Jung ◽  
Su Lim ◽  
Chang Lee
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Mapk Signaling ◽  
Dermal Fibroblasts ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Raw 264.7 Cells ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein

Sorbus commixta is a tree of the Rosaceae family growing in Asia that has long been used to treat asthma and neuralgia. In a previous report, the chemical isolated from the bark of S. commixta was shown to suppress the production of nitric oxide (NO) and preinflammation by down regulating the NF-?B pathway in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 cells. Vitiligo is an acquired immune disease, usually characterized by white spots on the skin; however, its exact cause has not been identified. This study assessed the effects of an ethanol extract of S. commixta twigs (STE) on melanocyte activation, as well as its antiinflammatory and antioxidant properties. STE significantly increased the proliferation and melanin content of B16 melanocytes. Because of the importance of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-? in inflammatory diseases, including the stimulation of vitiligo, the antiinflammatory effects of STE were tested in TNF-?-stimulated dermal fibroblasts and keratinocytes. STE reduced the levels of expression of IL-6, IL-8 and TNF- ? mRNA and proteins. To assess the underlying molecular mechanism, the effects of STE on the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling process were analyzed in dermal fibroblasts. Results show that STE inactivated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). In addition, STE exhibited antioxidative properties in assays of DPPH radical scavenging activity. Taken together, these findings suggest that STE has potential therapeutic activity in vitiligo.

scholarly journals Nimesulide Inhibits MAPK/COX-2 Pathway, and Prevents Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Apoptosis in Testes of Cisplatin-Challenged Rats

2020 ◽  
pp. 35-43
Author(s):  
Amr A. Fouad ◽  
Hanaa M. Khalaf ◽  
Usama I. Akl ◽  
Manal I. Abdelghany
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Nuclear Factor Κb ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Factor Α ◽  
Testicular Injury ◽  
Necrosis Factor

The potential testicular protective effect of nimesulide (NSE) was studied in cisplatin (CSP)-challenged rats. NSE therapy (10 mg/kg/day, p.o.) was applied for 15 days, and a single dose of CSP (7 mg/kg, i.p.) was administered on the 10th day. CSP significantly decreased the levels of serum testosterone, testicular reduced glutathione, and superoxide dismutase. CSP also significantly increased testicular malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), prostaglandin E2, nuclear factor-κB p65, Bax, and caspase-3. NSE significantly ameliorated all the biochemical changes observed in CSP-challenged rats. Moreover, NSE significantly reduced the histopathological injury, and the expressions of phosphorylated c-Jun N-terminal kinase (p-JNK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) in testes of rats received CSP. It was concluded that NSE significantly blocked the CSP-induced acute testicular injury in rats through inhibition of MAPK/COX-2 signaling pathway, and by combating oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis.

Age-Related Changes in Activation of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Cascades by Oxidative Stress

1998 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn Z Guyton ◽  
Myriani Gorospe ◽  
Xiantao Wang ◽  
Yolanda D Mock ◽  
Gertrude C Kokkonen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein ◽  
Age Related Changes

scholarly journals Oxidative Stress and Apoptotic Responses Elicited by Nostoc-Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles against Different Cancer Cell Lines

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 2099 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reham Samir Hamida ◽  
Gadah Albasher ◽  
Mashael Mohammed Bin-Meferij
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Hepg2 Cells ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Mammalian Target Of Rapamycin ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Phosphorylated Akt ◽  
Hct 116 ◽  
Mcf 7

Green nanoparticles represent a revolution in bionanotechnology, providing opportunities to fight life-threatening diseases, such as cancer, with less risk to the environment and to human health. Here, for the first time, we systematically investigated the anticancer activity and possible mechanism of novel silver nanoparticles (N-SNPs) synthesized by Nostoc Bahar M against the MCF-7 breast cancer cells, HCT-116 colorectal adenocarcinoma cells, and HepG2 liver cancer cells, using cell viability assays, morphological characterization with inverted light and transmission electron microscopy, antioxidants and enzymes (glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione (GSH), adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)), and western blotting (protein kinase B (Akt), phosphorylated-Akt (p-Akt), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), tumor suppressor (p53), and caspase 3). N-SNPs decreased the viability of MCF-7, HCT-116, and HepG2 cells, with half-maximal inhibitory concentrations of 54, 56, and 80 µg/mL, respectively. They also significantly increased LDH leakage, enhanced oxidative stress via effects on antioxidative markers, and caused metabolic stress by significantly decreasing ATPase levels. N-SNPs caused extensive ultrastructural alterations in cell and nuclear structures, as well as in various organelles. Furthermore, N-SNPs triggered apoptosis via the activation of caspase 3 and p53, and suppressed the mTOR signaling pathway via downregulating apoptosis-evading proteins in MCF-7, HCT-116, and HepG2 cells. Ultrastructural analysis, together with biochemical and molecular analyses, revealed that N-SNPs enhanced apoptosis via the induction of oxidative stress and/or through direct interactions with cellular structures in all tested cells. The cytotoxicity of Nostoc-mediated SNPs represents a new strategy for cancer treatment via targeting various cell death pathways. However, the potential of N-SNPs to be usable and biocompatible anticancer drug will depend on their toxicity against normal cells.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study of the Antioxidative Effects of Helichrysum italicum and Helichrysum arenarium Infusions

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 380
Author(s):  
Katja Kramberger ◽  
Zala Jenko Pražnikar ◽  
Alenka Baruca Arbeiter ◽  
Ana Petelin ◽  
Dunja Bandelj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Morphological Type ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Stress Related Genes

Helichrysum arenarium (L.) Moench (abbrev. as HA) has a long tradition in European ethnomedicine and its inflorescences are approved as a herbal medicinal product. In the Mediterranean part of Europe, Helichrysum italicum (Roth) G. Don (abbrev. as HI) is more common. Since infusions from both plants are traditionally used, we aimed to compare their antioxidative potential using in vitro assays. Two morphologically distinct HI plants, HIa and HIb, were compared to a commercially available HA product. Genetic analysis using microsatellites confirmed a clear differentiation between HI and HA and suggested that HIb was a hybrid resulting from spontaneous hybridization from unknown HI subspecies. High-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis showed the highest amounts of hydroxycinnamic acids and total arzanol derivatives in HIa, whereas HIb was richest in monohydroxybenzoic acids, caffeic acids, and coumarins, and HA contained the highest amounts of flavonoids, especially flavanones. HIa exhibited the highest radical scavenging activity; it was more efficient in protecting different cell lines from induced oxidative stress and in inducing oxidative stress-related genes superoxide dismutase 1, catalase, and glutathione reductase 1. The antioxidative potential of HI was not only dependent on the morphological type of the plant but also on the harvest date, revealing important information for obtaining the best possible product. Considering the superior properties of HI compared to HA, the evaluation of HI as a medicinal plant could be recommended.

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