scholarly journals Clinical Significance of Serum Glutamine Level in Patients with Colorectal Cancer

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 898 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hang Huong Ling ◽  
Yi-Ping Pan ◽  
Chung-Wei Fan ◽  
Wen-Ko Tseng ◽  
Jen-Seng Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Progression Free Survival ◽  
Clinicopathological Characteristics ◽  
Prognostic Scores ◽  
Baseline Serum ◽  
Glutamine Level ◽  
Independent Prognostic Marker ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Pretreatment Serum

Limited studies have assessed the associations of pretreatment serum glutamine level with clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. This study focuses on clarifying the clinical significance of baseline serum glutamine level in CRC patients. We retrospectively examine 123 patients with newly diagnosed CRC between 2009 and 2011. The associations of pretreatment serum glutamine level with clinicopathological characteristics, proinflammatory cytokines, overall survival (OS), and progression-free survival (PFS) were analyzed. We executed univariate and multivariate analyses to assess the associations between serum glutamine level and clinicopathological variables able to predict survival. Low glutamine levels were associated with older age, advanced stage, decreased albumin levels, elevated carcinoembryonic antigen levels, higher C-reactive protein levels, higher modified Glasgow prognostic scores, and higher proinflammatory cytokine levels. Furthermore, patients with low glutamine levels had poorer OS and PFS than those with high glutamine levels (p < 0.001 for both). In multivariate analysis, pretreatment glutamine level independently predicted OS (p = 0.016) and PFS (p = 0.037) in CRC patients. Pretreatment serum glutamine level constitutes an independent prognostic marker to predict survival and progression in CRC patients.

scholarly journals Expression and clinical significance of PD-L1, B7-H3, B7-H4 and VISTA in craniopharyngioma

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. e000406
Author(s):  
Yuelong Wang ◽  
Jiaojiao Deng ◽  
Lin Wang ◽  
Tingyue Zhou ◽  
Jinlong Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Significance ◽  
T Cell Activation ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Progression Free Survival ◽  
Clinicopathological Characteristics ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Variable Expression ◽  
B7 Family

BackgroundCraniopharyngioma (CP) is a common refractory tumor of the central nervous system. However, little is known about the expression and clinical significance of B7 family ligands/receptors in CP patients. Thus, we conducted the present study to address this issue in a cohort of 132 CP cases.MethodsWe mapped and quantified the expression of B7 family ligands/receptors molecules programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1), B7-H3, B7-H4 and V-domain Ig-containing suppressor of T cell activation (VISTA) in 89 adamantinomatous-type CP and 43 papillary-type CP samples using immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. Associations between the marker levels, clinicopathological variables and survival were evaluated.ResultsThe positive rates of PD-L1, B7-H3, B7-H4 and VISTA in the cohort of 132 CP cases were 76.5%, 100%, 40.2% and 80.3%, respectively. The cut-off values of PD-L1, B7-H3, B7-H4 and PD-L1 expression were determined by survival receiver operating characteristic (ROC) package, which was 70, 182, 0 and 20, respectively. Elevated expressions of PD-L1, B7-H3, B7-H4 and VISTA were significantly associated with some clinicopathological characteristics. Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated that higher VISTA expressions correlated with better overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) (p=0.0053 and p=0.0066, respectively). Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that VISTA was an independent prognostic factor for OS (p=0.018) but not for PFS (p=0.898).ConclusionsWe found variable expression of PD-L1, B7-H3, B7-H4 and VISTA proteins in CPs. The results suggest that the expression level of VISTA may be used as an important indicator to predict the OS and PFS of CPs. B7 family ligands/receptors could be potential immunotherapeutic targets when treating CPs.

scholarly journals Comprehensive Analysis of the Expression and Prognosis for MMPs in Human Colorectal Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Yu ◽  
Zhen He ◽  
Xiaowen He ◽  
Zhanhao Luo ◽  
Lei Lian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Progression Free Survival ◽  
Tumor Stage ◽  
Clinicopathological Parameters ◽  
Online Tool ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Precision Therapy ◽  
Public Dataset ◽  
Pathway Analyses

BackgroundPrevious study implicated that genes of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) family play an important role in tumor invasion, neoangiogenesis, and metastasis. However, the diverse expression patterns and prognostic values of 24 MMPs in colorectal cancer are yet to be analyzed.MethodsIn this study, by integrating public database and our data, we first investigated the expression levels and protein levels of MMPs in patients with colorectal cancer. Then, by using TCGA and GEO datasets, we evaluated the association of MMPs with clinicopathological parameters and prognosis of colorectal cancer. Finally, by using the cBioPortal online tool, we analyzed the alterations of MMPs and did the network and pathway analyses for MMPs and their nearby genes.ResultsWe found that, MMP1, MMP3, MMP7, MMP9–MMP12, and MMP14 were consistently upregulated in public dataset and our samples. Whereas, MMP28 was consistently downregulated in public dataset and our samples. In the clinicopathological analyses, upregulated MMP11, MMP14, MMP16, MMP17, MMP19, and MMP23B were significantly associated with a higher tumor stage. In the survival analyses, upregulated MMP11, MMP14, MMP17, and MMP19 were significantly associated with a shorter progression-free survival (PFS) time and a shorter relapse-free (RFS) time.DiscussionThis study implied that MMP11, MMP14, MMP17, and MMP19 are potential targets of precision therapy for patients with colorectal cancer.

AKP and GGT level can provide early prediction of first-line treatment efficacy in colorectal cancer patients with hepatic metastases

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhe Gong ◽  
Xiaowei Zhang ◽  
Qirong Geng ◽  
Wenhua Li ◽  
Mingzhu Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Treatment Efficacy ◽  
Serum Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Objective Response ◽  
Hepatic Metastases ◽  
Progression Free Survival ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Cancer Center ◽  
Baseline Serum ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase

Aim: It is important to early evaluate or predict the efficacy to avoid ineffective treatment for most colorectal cancer (CRC) patients with liver metastases. Patients & methods: The medical records of 440 patients with histologically confirmed primary CRC admitted to the Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center were reviewed. Results: High baseline serum alkaline phosphatase (AKP) and γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT) is associated with worse overall survival. In patients with a high serum AKP and GGT a decreased percentage had high objective response rate and better progression-free survival. Conclusion: Measuring the changes of serum AKP or GGT in CRC patients with hepatic metastases before and after the first cycle of treatment is a convenient, fast and economical way to early predict antitumor treatment efficacy.

scholarly journals Influence of VEGF-A, VEGFR-1-3, and neuropilin 1-2 on progression-free: and overall survival in WHO grade II and III meningioma patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-243
Author(s):  
Simon Bernatz ◽  
Daniel Monden ◽  
Florian Gessler ◽  
Tijana Radic ◽  
Elke Hattingen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Overall Survival ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Progression Free Survival ◽  
Staining Intensity ◽  
Who Grade ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Angiogenic Therapy ◽  
Neuropilin 1 ◽  
Grade Ii

AbstractHigher grade meningiomas tend to recur. We aimed to evaluate protein levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A with the VEGF-receptors 1-3 and the co-receptors Neuropilin (NRP)-1 and -2 in WHO grade II and III meningiomas to elucidate the rationale for targeted treatments. We investigated 232 specimens of 147 patients suffering from cranial meningioma, including recurrent tumors. Immunohistochemistry for VEGF-A, VEGFR-1-3, and NRP-1/-2 was performed on tissue micro arrays. We applied a semiquantitative score (staining intensity x frequency). VEGF-A, VEGFR-1-3, and NRP-1 were heterogeneously expressed. NRP-2 was mainly absent. We demonstrated a significant increase of VEGF-A levels on tumor cells in WHO grade III meningiomas (p = 0.0098). We found a positive correlation between expression levels of VEGF-A and VEGFR-1 on tumor cells and vessels (p < 0.0001). In addition, there was a positive correlation of VEGF-A and VEGFR-3 expression on tumor vessels (p = 0.0034). VEGFR-2 expression was positively associated with progression-free survival (p = 0.0340). VEGF-A on tumor cells was negatively correlated with overall survival (p = 0.0084). The VEGF-A-driven system of tumor angiogenesis might still present a suitable target for adjuvant therapy in malignant meningioma disease. However, its role in malignant tumor progression may not be as crucial as expected. The value of comprehensive testing of the ligand and all receptors prior to administration of anti-angiogenic therapy needs to be evaluated in clinical trials.

scholarly journals Colorectal Cancer Apoptosis Induced by Dietary δ-Valerobetaine Involves PINK1/Parkin Dependent-Mitophagy and SIRT3

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (15) ◽  
pp. 8117
Author(s):  
Nunzia D’Onofrio ◽  
Elisa Martino ◽  
Luigi Mele ◽  
Antonino Colloca ◽  
Martina Maione ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Mitochondrial Dysfunction ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Apoptotic Cell ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Colon Cancer Cells ◽  
Protein Levels

Understanding the mechanisms of colorectal cancer progression is crucial in the setting of strategies for its prevention. δ-Valerobetaine (δVB) is an emerging dietary metabolite showing cytotoxic activity in colon cancer cells via autophagy and apoptosis. Here, we aimed to deepen current knowledge on the mechanism of δVB-induced colon cancer cell death by investigating the apoptotic cascade in colorectal adenocarcinoma SW480 and SW620 cells and evaluating the molecular players of mitochondrial dysfunction. Results indicated that δVB reduced cell viability in a time-dependent manner, reaching IC50 after 72 h of incubation with δVB 1.5 mM, and caused a G2/M cell cycle arrest with upregulation of cyclin A and cyclin B protein levels. The increased apoptotic cell rate occurred via caspase-3 activation with a concomitant loss in mitochondrial membrane potential and SIRT3 downregulation. Functional studies indicated that δVB activated mitochondrial apoptosis through PINK1/Parkin pathways, as upregulation of PINK1, Parkin, and LC3B protein levels was observed (p < 0.0001). Together, these findings support a critical role of PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy in mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis induced by δVB in SW480 and SW620 colon cancer cells.

scholarly journals Bevacizumab plus capecitabine as later-line treatment for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer refractory to irinotecan, oxaliplatin, and fluoropyrimidines

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeong Hak Bang ◽  
Jeong Eun Kim ◽  
Ji Sung Lee ◽  
Sun Young Kim ◽  
Kyu-Pyo Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Median Overall Survival ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Progression Free Survival ◽  
Line Treatment ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Medical Need ◽  
Significant Disease

AbstractThere is an unmet medical need for later-line treatment options for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Considering that, beyond progression, co-treatment with bevacizumab and cytotoxic chemotherapy showed less toxicity and a significant disease control rate, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of capecitabine and bevacizumab. This single-center retrospective study included 157 patients between May 2011 and February 2018, who received bevacizumab plus capecitabine as later-line chemotherapy after progressing with irinotecan, oxaliplatin, and fluoropyrimidines. The study treatment consisted of bevacizumab 7.5 mg/kg on day 1 and capecitabine 1,250 mg/m2 orally (PO) twice daily on day 1 to 14, repeated every 3 weeks. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). The median PFS was 4.6 months (95% confidence interval [CI] 3.9–5.3). The median overall survival (OS) was 9.7 months (95% CI 8.3–11.1). The overall response rate was 14% (22/157). Patients who had not received prior targeted agents showed better survival outcomes in the multivariable analysis of OS (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.59, 95% CI 0.43–0.82, P = 0.002) and PFS (HR = 0.61, 95% CI 0.43–0.85, P = 0.004). Bevacizumab plus capecitabine could be a considerably efficacious option for patients with mCRC refractory to prior standard treatments.

scholarly journals Oncogenic Functions and Clinical Significance of Circular RNAs in Colorectal Cancer

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 3395
Author(s):  
Maria Radanova ◽  
Galya Mihaylova ◽  
Neshe Nazifova-Tasinova ◽  
Mariya Levkova ◽  
Oskan Tasinov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Drug Targets ◽  
Clinicopathological Characteristics ◽  
Circular Rnas ◽  
Diagnostic Biomarkers ◽  
The Third ◽  
Current Review ◽  
Important Challenge ◽  
Prediction Of Metastasis

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is ranked as the second most commonly diagnosed disease in females and the third in males worldwide. Therefore, the finding of new more reliable biomarkers for early diagnosis, for prediction of metastasis, and resistance to conventional therapies is an important challenge in overcoming the disease. The current review presents circular RNAs (circRNAs) with their unique features as potential prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers in CRC. The review highlights the mechanism of action and the role of circRNAs with oncogenic functions in the CRC as well as the association between their expression and clinicopathological characteristics of CRC patients. The comprehension of the role of oncogenic circRNAs in CRC pathogenesis is growing rapidly and the next step is using them as suitable new drug targets in the personalized treatment of CRC patients.

scholarly journals Effects of radiofrequency radiation on colorectal cancer cell proliferation and inflammation

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elcin Ozgur ◽  
Handan Kayhan ◽  
Gorkem Kismali ◽  
Fatih Senturk ◽  
Merve Sensoz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Cell ◽  
Radiofrequency Radiation ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Intermittent Exposure ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Cells ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Hct 116 ◽  
Hct 116 Cells

Abstract Objectives The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of radiofrequency radiation (RFR) on apoptosis, proliferation, stress response, and inflammation markers in colorectal cancer cells. Methods We tested the effects of intermittent exposure to RFR at different frequencies on two different colorectal cancer cell lines; HCT-116 and DLD-1. Protein levels were subsequently analyzed by ELISA. Results RFR led to a decrease in P53, p-P53, p-P38, and p-IkB levels in HCT-116 cells, while leading to an increase in BAD, p-BAD, p-STAT3,NF-κB levels. Two thousand one hundred Megahertz of RFR altered the P53, BAD, and NF-ΚB expression in HCT-116 cells. P53, p-P53, BAD, p-BAD, NF-κB, p-NF-κB, p-P38, p-SAPK/JNK, p-STAT3, and p-IkB levels increased after exposure to RFR at 900 and 2,100 MHz in DLD-1 cells. Unlike HCT-116 cells, 1,800 MHz of RFR was reported to have no effect on DLD1 cells. Conclusions RFR increased apoptosis and inflammatory response in HCT116 cells, while lowering the active P38 and active P53 levels, which are indicators of poor prognosis in several cancers. Genetic differences, such as P53 mutation (DLD-1), are critical to the cell response to RFR, which explains the reason why scientific studies on the effects of RFR yield contradictory results.

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