scholarly journals Association of the Chronotype Score with Circulating Trimethylamine N-Oxide (TMAO) Concentrations

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1671
Author(s):  
Luigi Barrea ◽  
Giovanna Muscogiuri ◽  
Gabriella Pugliese ◽  
Chiara Graziadio ◽  
Maria Maisto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Metabolic Profile ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Biological Rhythms ◽  
Unhealthy Lifestyle ◽  
Gut Dysbiosis ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
The Individual

Individual differences in the chronotype, an attitude that best expresses the individual circadian preference in behavioral and biological rhythms, have been associated with cardiometabolic risk and gut dysbiosis. Up to now, there are no studies evaluating the association between chronotypes and circulating TMAO concentrations, a predictor of cardiometabolic risk and a useful marker of gut dysbiosis. In this study population (147 females and 100 males), subjects with the morning chronotype had the lowest BMI and waist circumference (p < 0.001), and a better metabolic profile compared to the other chronotypes. In addition, the morning chronotype had the highest adherence to the Mediterranean diet (p < 0.001) and the lowest circulating TMAO concentrations (p < 0.001). After adjusting for BMI and adherence to the Mediterranean diet, the correlation between circulating TMAO concentrations and chronotype score was still kept (r = −0.627, p < 0.001). Using a linear regression analysis, higher chronotype scores were mostly associated with lower circulating TMAO concentrations (β = −0.479, t = −12.08, and p < 0.001). Using a restricted cubic spline analysis, we found that a chronotype score ≥59 (p < 0.001, R2 = −0.824) demonstrated a more significant inverse linear relationship with circulating TMAO concentrations compared with knots <59 (neither chronotype) and <41 (evening chronotype). The current study reported the first evidence that higher circulating TMAO concentrations were associated with the evening chronotype that, in turn, is usually linked to an unhealthy lifestyle mostly characterized by low adherence to the MD.

scholarly journals Chronotype and Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet in Obesity: Results from the Opera Prevention Project

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1354
Author(s):  
Giovanna Muscogiuri ◽  
Luigi Barrea ◽  
Sara Aprano ◽  
Lydia Framondi ◽  
Rossana Di Matteo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Unhealthy Lifestyle ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prevention Project ◽  
The Mediterranean

Chronotype is the attitude of a subject in determining individual circadian preference in behavioral and biological rhythm relative to the external light–dark cycle. Obesity and unhealthy eating habits have been associated with evening chronotype. The Mediterranean diet (MD) is a healthy nutritional pattern that has been reported to be associated with better health and quality of sleep. Thus, the aim of the study was to investigate the association of chronotype categories with adherence to the MD in a population of middle-aged Italian adults. This cross-sectional study included 172 middle-aged adults (71.5% females; 51.8 ± 15.7 years) that were consecutively enrolled in a campaign to prevent obesity called the OPERA (obesity, programs of nutrition, education, research and assessment of the best treatment) Prevention Project that was held in Naples on 11–13 October 2019. Anthropometric parameters, adherence to the MD and chronotype were studied. Chronotype was classified as morning in 58.1% of subjects, evening in 12.8% and intermediate in 28.1%. Our results demonstrated that individuals with evening chronotype, when compared to intermediate (p < 0.001) and morning chronotype (p < 0.001), were more prone to follow unhealthy lifestyle, performing less regular activity and being more frequently smokers. In addition, they showed the lowest adherence to the MD compared to morning (p < 0.001) and intermediate chronotypes (p < 0.001). The lower the chronotype score, the higher body mass index (BMI) values in the whole population (r = −0.158; p = 0.038), thus suggesting that evening chronotype was a common finding in subjects with obesity. In addition, positive correlations of chronotype score with age (r = 0.159; p = 0.037) and PREDIMED score (r = 0.656; p < 0.001) were found. The adherence to the MD, more than the intake of the single food items, was found to predict morning and evening chronotypes. In conclusion, evening chronotype was associated with unhealthy lifestyle and low adherence to the MD. Chronotype score was inversely associated to BMI and positively associated to age and adherence to the MD. Thus, the assessment of chronotype should be taken into account in the management of obesity and in the development of nutritional strategies.

scholarly journals The Mediterranean Diet in the Stroke Belt: A Cross-sectional Study on Adherence and Perceived Knowledge, Barriers, and Benefits (P18-066-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Greene ◽  
Caroline Knight ◽  
Olivia Jackson ◽  
Imran Rahman ◽  
Donna Burnett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Amazon Mechanical Turk ◽  
Funding Program ◽  
The Us ◽  
Knowledge Barriers ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Stroke Belt

Abstract Objectives The Mediterranean diet (MD) is recommended by the current Dietary Guidelines for Americans, yet little is known about the diet in the US, particularly in areas of high chronic disease. Thus, we investigated MD adherence and perceived benefits and barriers to consumption of the MD in the US Stroke Belt. Methods A survey containing 44 validated MD knowledge, barriers, and benefits (KBB) questions, a validated 14-question MD adherence screener, 7 questions based on the Precaution Adoption Model (stages of change), and 7 demographic/anthropometric questions was distributed systematically to US residents using Amazon Mechanical Turk. Responses from the Stroke Belt (SB; n = 304), California (CA; n = 489), and all other US states (OtherUS; n = 439) were obtained. The CA group served as the reference group. A linear model was used to assess KBB question scores in the groups (Model 1), adjusted for sex and age (Model 2), and all other demographic variables (Model 3). Multivariable linear regression analysis was used to assess the differences in total MD adherence scores between the groups adjusted for all covariates. Simple logistic regression for having heard of the MD with demographic variables was examined. Statistical analyses were conducted in R v3.5.2. Results Barriers on MD knowledge, convenience, sensory factors, and health and familiarity with the MD diet were significantly greater in the SB group, but not the OtherUS group, in all models (P < 0.05). Weight loss was found to be a significantly greater benefit in the SB group in all models (P < 0.05). For each point increase in MD adherence, a reduction in 0.32 and 0.48 points (P < 0.05) was observed in the SB and otherUS groups, respectively. In the full cohort, the odds for participants having heard of the MD prior to taking the survey significantly increased 12.50 times (95%CI, 2.56–226) for 65–74 year olds. The odds were also significantly increased (OR 1.68; 95%CI, 1.13–2.47 and OR 2.47; 95%CI, 1.45–4.32) for those with Bachelor's and Master's or professional degrees, respectively, while no significant differences were found with sex or race. Conclusions Our results identify key barriers and benefits of the MD in the SB which can inform targeted MD intervention studies. Funding Sources USDA Hatch Funding Program (MWG) and Haggard Family Annual Award in Nutrition and Dietetics (OJ).

Intensive dietary intervention promoting the Mediterranean diet in people with high cardiometabolic risk: a non-randomized study

2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Grimaldi ◽  
O. Ciano ◽  
M. Manzo ◽  
M. Rispoli ◽  
M. Guglielmi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
The Mediterranean

scholarly journals Metabolically Healthy Obesity (MHO) vs. Metabolically Unhealthy Obesity (MUO) Phenotypes in PCOS: Association with Endocrine-Metabolic Profile, Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet, and Body Composition

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 3925
Author(s):  
Luigi Barrea ◽  
Giovanna Muscogiuri ◽  
Gabriella Pugliese ◽  
Giulia de Alteriis ◽  
Annamaria Colao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Metabolic Profile ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Inflammatory Status ◽  
Metabolically Healthy ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Hs Crp ◽  
Metabolic Indices ◽  
Lower Adherence

Obesity and obesity-related low-grade inflammation are common findings in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), the most common endocrine-metabolic disorder-affecting women in reproductive age. The terms metabolically healthy obese (MHO), and metabolically unhealthy obese (MUO) have been introduced to define individuals with obesity in whom cardio-metabolic risk factors are absent or present, respectively. To date, evidence investigating differences in body composition and adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) between MHO and MUO-PCOS women are lacking. Aim of this study was to better characterize the determinants of the metabolic health status in PCOS patients with obesity according to MHO and MUO phenotypes by evaluating endocrine-metabolic profile, inflammatory status, adherence to the MD, and body composition. The study population consisted of 94 treatment-naïve women with PCOS and obesity (BMI = 38.23 ± 6.62 kg/m2 and age = 24.12 ± 3.68 years). Compared PCOS MHO with PCOS MUO patients, the latter had higher levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) (p < 0.001), testosterone (p < 0.001), and insulin (p < 0.001), worse metabolic parameters, and higher Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HoMA-IR), Visceral Adiposity Index (VAI), and Fatty liver Index (FLI) (p < 0.001). Furthermore, PCOS MUO patients had lower adherence to the MD (p < 0.001) in spite of the same total energy intake (p = 0.102) as compared to PCOS MHO. The presence of MUO was associated with highest hs-CRP levels (OR = 1.49, p < 0.001), more severe hyperandrogenism and cardio-metabolic indices (p < 0.001). On the contrary, being PCOS MUO was associated with lower adherence to the MD (OR = 0.28, p < 0.001), and smaller PhAs (OR = 0.04, p < 0.001). Using a regression linear analysis model PREDIMED score entered at the first step (p < 0.001), followed by VAI (p < 0.001), and FLI (p = 0.032) in this analysis. At ROC analysis, a PREDIMED score of ≤4 (p < 0.001, AUC 0.926) could serve as a threshold for a significantly increased risk of presence the MUO-PCOS phenotype. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that characterized MHO and MUO-PCOS women on the basis of their adherence to the MD, body composition, and cardio-metabolic indices, providing evidence of the usefulness of adjunctive diagnostic parameters to better differentiate the MHO/MHO phenotypes in this cohort of PCOS patients with obesity.

Abstract 171: Impact of the Mediterranean Diet on Apolipoprotein AI Kinetic in Men with Metabolic Syndrome

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Richard ◽  
Patrick Couture ◽  
Sophie Desroches ◽  
Benoît Lamarche
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Subsequent Period ◽  
Catabolic Rate ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Hdl Metabolism ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Predetermined Time

The impact of the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) on HDL metabolism has not been extensively studied to date. The objective of the study was to investigate the effect of the MedDiet consumed under controlled isoenergetic feeding conditions on HDL as well as on apolipoprotein (apo) AI kinetic in men with metabolic syndrome (MetS). The diet of 26 men aged between 24 to 62 years with the MetS (NCEP-ATP III) was first standardized to a North American control diet, which was consumed for 5 weeks. MedDiet was then consumed over a subsequent period of 5 weeks. Both diets were consumed under isoenergetic feeding conditions with all foods, including red wine, provided to participants. During the last week of each diet, participants received a single bolus of [5,5,5- 2 H 3 ] L -leucine and fasting blood samples were collected at predetermined time points over a period of 96 hours. Kinetic parameters were derived using multicompartmental modeling of the enrichment data over time. Although no change in plasma HDL-C concentrations was observed, consumption of the MedDiet led to a significant reduction in plasma apoAI concentration and pool size (both P <0.05) compared with the control diet. The MedDiet was also associated with a trend towards a reduction in apoAI production rate (PR, P =0.07) but had no impact on apoAI fractional catabolic rate (FCR, P =0.64). However, only variations in apoAI FCR correlated with diet-induced variations in plasma HDL-C and in apoAI concentrations ( r = -0.50 and r = -0.49 respectively, P <0.02). Based on the individual HDL-C response to MedDiet, responders and non-responders were identified. Participants among whom HDL-C concentrations were increased with MedDiet (mean ΔHDL-C: +9.9 ± 3.2 %) showed significantly greater reductions in apoAI FCR and in apoB and VLDL-TG concentrations (all P <0.04) than those among whom HDL-C levels were reduced after the MedDiet (mean ΔHDL-C: -11.1 ± 4.5 %). Data from this controlled feeding study suggest that the heterogeneous response of HDL-C and apoAI to MedDiet is primarily determined by variations in apoAI FCR, which in turn may be due to concurrent changes in plasma TG concentrations.

scholarly journals ADHERENCE TO THE MEDITERRANEAN DIET IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL CHILDREN (1ST CYCLE)

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Goreti Filipa Santos Marques ◽  
Sara Maria Oliveira Pinto ◽  
Ana Catarina Rodrigues da Silva Reis ◽  
Tânia Daniela Barbosa Martins ◽  
Ana Paula da Conceição ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Informed Consent Form ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Mediterranean

ABSTRACT Objective: To characterize the adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) in students from elementary schools in Porto and Maia and analyze its association with sleep hygiene, physical activity, cardiometabolic risk, and school performance. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with 891 Portuguese students: 455 boys (51%) and 436 girls (49%), aged between 9 and 11 years old (mean [M]=9.2, standard deviation [SD]=0.4), with an average weight of 35.9 kg (SD=8.1), average height of 1.4 m (SD=0.1), average body mass index (standardized BMI Z score for the pediatric age group) of 0.76 (SD=1.21); 59.5% of them had normal weight and 15.9% were obese. The students filled a questionnaire on the adherence to the Mediterranean Diet (Mediterranean Diet Quality Index in Children and Adolescents [KIDMED]), participated in a socio-demographic interview, and had their anthropometric data collected after their parents signed the informed consent form. Results: The results suggest high levels of adherence to the MD (77.6%) both in males and females. Using Pearson’s correlation coefficient, we found that the Z score was positively associated to cardiometabolic risk and the starting age of an extracurricular physical activity, and negatively associated to the average hours of sleep on a typical day both in males and females. We also identified a negative relation between KIDMED and the starting age of physical activity. Conclusions: This study has contributed to the knowledge of adherence to the MD among Portuguese elementary students and correlations with variables associated to a healthier lifestyle (MD, hours of sleep, and physical activity). Future studies should focus their attention on other countries and more heterogeneous samples.

scholarly journals Socio-economic status, place of residence and dietary habits among the elderly: the Mediterranean islands study

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1614-1621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexia Katsarou ◽  
Stefanos Tyrovolas ◽  
Theodora Psaltopoulou ◽  
Akis Zeimbekis ◽  
Nikos Tsakountakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Mediterranean Islands ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Financial Status ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
The Mediterranean

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate whether the socio-economic status (SES) of elderly eastern Mediterranean islanders is associated with their dietary habits, particularly with adherence to the traditional Mediterranean diet.DesignCross-sectional.SettingAdherence to the Mediterranean diet was measured by the MedDietScore (range: 0–55), whereas SES was estimated using education and financial status.SubjectsDuring 2005–2007, 300 men and women from Cyprus, 100 from Samothraki, 142 from Mitilini, 114 from Kefalonia, 131 from Crete, 150 from Lemnos, 150 from Corfu and 103 from Zakynthos (aged 65–100 years), free of known chronic diseases, participated in the survey.ResultsMultiple linear regression analysis revealed that belonging to the highest SES was associated with a higher MedDietScore (P< 0·01), after adjusting for potential sociodemographic, lifestyle, dietary and clinical confounders. A significant positive association was also found between MedDietScore and years of school (P= 0·004), as well as financial status (P= 0·001).ConclusionsOlder Greek people of higher SES seem to follow a relatively healthier diet. Both education and income seem to play a role in this issue. Thus, public health policy makers should focus on people with low SES in order to improve their quality of diet and, consequently, their health status.

Mediterranean diet and mental distress: “10,001 Dalmatians” study

2019 ◽  
Vol 121 (6) ◽  
pp. 1314-1326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiorella Pia Salvatore ◽  
Ajka Relja ◽  
Ivona Šimunović Filipčić ◽  
Ozren Polašek ◽  
Ivana Kolčić
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Mental Distress ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
The Impact

PurposeThe impact of eating habits on mental health is gaining more attention recently. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the association between mental distress and the Mediterranean diet (MD) in a community-dwelling adult population of Dalmatia, Croatia.Design/methodology/approachParticipants from the “10,001 Dalmatians” study from the Island of Korcula and the City of Split were included (n=3,392). Lifestyle habits were investigated using a self-administered questionnaire, while mental distress was evaluated using the General Health Questionnaire-30 (GHQ-30) in a cross-sectional design. MD compliance was assessed using the Mediterranean Diet Serving Score. Multivariate linear regression analysis was used in the analysis.FindingsMD compliance was associated with lesser mental distress (ß=−1.96, 95% CI −2.75, −1.17;p<0.001). Inverse association was found between mental distress and higher intake of fruits (ß=−0.64; 95% CI −0.89, −0.39;p<0.001), vegetables (ß=−0.39; 95% CI −0.65, −0.13;p=0.003), olive oil (ß=−0.30; 95% CI −0.56, −0.04;p=0.022) and legumes (ß=−0.83; 95% CI −1.66, 0.00;p=0.049). Mental distress was more intense in women, older participants, those with worse material status, subjects with previously diagnosed chronic diseases and in current smokers.Originality/valueThis study suggests beneficial association of MD and overall mental health, offering important implications for public health provisions. Since the literature search did not reveal any previous study on the association between the MD and GHQ-based mental distress in the general population, this study delivers interesting results and fills this knowledge gap.

scholarly journals The Impact of Female Genital Microbiota on Fertility and Assisted Reproductive Treatments

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Brandão ◽  
Manuel Gonçalves-Henriques
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Assisted Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Smoking Habit ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Unhealthy Lifestyle ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Infertile Women ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
The Impact

Objective: The preconception period is largely neglected, whereas it represents an opportunity to identify and modify clinical and behavioral risks, particularly in infertile women characterized by an unfavorable vascular burden. The present study was performed to strengthen previous findings and to increase the awareness of clinicians who should envision a broader preconception approach in infertile women, beyond their reproductive health. Materials and methods: In this cross-sectional study, we investigated 1003 Caucasian women, referred to the Internal Medicine Clinic at the Assisted Reproductive Technologies Center, Florence. Results: A high prevalence of dyslipidemia (57.4%), overweight/obesity (29.1%) and, smoking habit (26.6%) were found. We provided evidence of unhealthy lifestyle habits, represented by a closer adherence to the Mediterranean diet in the 9.5% only and by a sedentary behavior in 73%. A significant correlation between the Mediterranean Diet score and both anthropometric and metabolic parameters was found. We also observed a lower score adherence with both metabolic syndrome and diabetes (for both p=0.02), but not with hypertension. Conclusion: Before infertility treatment, the correction and the management of modifiable and non-modifiable cardiovascular risk factors are mandatory and represent the main goal for a safe pregnancy, and lifetime women’s health.

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