scholarly journals The Controversial Role of Adiponectin in Appetite Regulation of Animals

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 3387
Author(s):  
Ni Tang ◽  
Xin Zhang ◽  
Defang Chen ◽  
Zhiqiong Li
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Biological Function ◽  
Food Composition ◽  
Appetite Regulation ◽  
Adiponectin Concentration ◽  
Global Epidemic ◽  
Important Health ◽  
Regulation Function

Eating disorders and obesity are important health problems with a widespread global epidemic. Adiponectin (AdipoQ), the most abundant adipokine in the plasma, plays important roles in the regulation of energy homeostasis, glucose metabolism and lipid metabolism. Plasma adiponectin concentration is negatively associated with obesity and binge eating disorder. There is a growing interest in the appetite regulation function of adiponectin. However, the effect of AdipoQ on feeding behavior is controversial and closely related to nutritional status and food composition. In this review, we summarize the literatures about the discovery, structure, tissue distribution, receptors and regulation of nutritional status, and focus on the biological function of adiponectin in the regulation of food intake in the central and peripheral system.

scholarly journals The role of short chain fatty acids in appetite regulation and energy homeostasis

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (9) ◽  
pp. 1331-1338 ◽  
Author(s):  
C S Byrne ◽  
E S Chambers ◽  
D J Morrison ◽  
G Frost
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Appetite Regulation ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

scholarly journals Ghrelin, Appetite Regulation, and Food Reward: Interaction with Chronic Stress

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yolanda Diz-Chaves
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Food Reward ◽  
Corticotropin Releasing Factor ◽  
Appetite Regulation ◽  
Compelling Evidence ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Factor System ◽  
Developed World

Obesity has become one of the leading causes of illness and mortality in the developed world. Preclinical and clinical data provide compelling evidence for ghrelin as a relevant regulator of appetite, food intake, and energy homeostasis. In addition, ghrelin has recently emerged as one of the major contributing factors to reward-driven feeding that can override the state of satiation. The corticotropin-releasing-factor system is also directly implicated in the regulation of energy balance and may participate in the pathophysiology of obesity and eating disorders. This paper focuses on the role of ghrelin in the regulation of appetite, on its possible role as a hedonic signal involved in food reward, and on its interaction with the corticotropin-releasing-factor system and chronic stress.

scholarly journals Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Alpha Target Genes

PPAR Research ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Rakhshandehroo ◽  
Bianca Knoch ◽  
Michael Müller ◽  
Sander Kersten
Keyword(s):  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Biological Function ◽  
Molecular Target ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Nutrient Metabolism ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor ◽  
Receptor Alpha

The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) is a ligand-activated transcription factor involved in the regulation of a variety of processes, ranging from inflammation and immunity to nutrient metabolism and energy homeostasis. PPARαserves as a molecular target for hypolipidemic fibrates drugs which bind the receptor with high affinity. Furthermore, PPARαbinds and is activated by numerous fatty acids and fatty acid-derived compounds. PPARαgoverns biological processes by altering the expression of a large number of target genes. Accordingly, the specific role of PPARαis directly related to the biological function of its target genes. Here, we present an overview of the involvement of PPARαin lipid metabolism and other pathways through a detailed analysis of the different known or putative PPARαtarget genes. The emphasis is on gene regulation by PPARαin liver although many of the results likely apply to other organs and tissues as well.

Development of paediatric dentistry service in Volgograd Region (in memory of Litovkina L. S.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-155
Author(s):  
E. E. Maslak ◽  
I. V. Fomenko
Keyword(s):  
Educational Program ◽  
Pediatric Dentistry ◽  
Dental Service ◽  
Paediatric Dentistry ◽  
Service Development ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Health Improvement ◽  
Volgograd Region ◽  
Important Health

Relevance. The role of pediatric dentistry in younger generation health improvement is undeniable; therefore, developing pediatric dental service is an important health care issue.Purpose. To present the contribution of Lubov Sergeevna Litovkina to paediatric dental service development in connection with her death on December, 23, 2019.Materials and methods. Based on the analysis of professional activity and scientific works of L.S. Litovkina the achievements that have contributed to the development of pediatric dentistry service in Volgograd Region were identified.Results. Public, clinical and scientific activities of L.S. Litovkina were highlighted. Special attention was paid to such areas of her work as the organization of epidemiological dental examinations of children’s population, the implementation of milk fluoridation program for prevention of dental caries in preschool children, school dentistry improvement and applying the dental educational program for the elementary schoolchildren.Conclusions. The organizational and scientific activities of L.S. Litovkina contributed to the development of the paediatric dental service and oral health improvement of children’s population.

HUBUNGAN PERAN KADER POSYANDU DENGAN STATUS GIZI BALITA

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (02) ◽  
pp. 192
Author(s):  
Wiwid Wahyuningsih ◽  
Atik Setiyaningsih
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Good Nutrition ◽  
Nutritional Status Of Children

ABSTRAKLatar Belakang : Keberadaan kader di posyandu sebagai salah satu sistem penyelenggarakan pelayanan sangat dibutuhkan. Mereka adalah ujung tombak  pelayanan kesehatan yang merupakan kepanjangtanganan puskesmas Jawa Tengah tahun 2011 jumlah gizi kurang 5,35% dan gizi buruk 0,10%. Untuk Kabupaten Semarang dari 23.562 balita yang ditimbang pada tahun 2011 gizi lebih 1,13%, gizi baik 93,51%, gizi kurang 4,86% dan gizi buruk 0,49% (DepKes Prov Jateng, 2011). Tujuan Penelitian : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan peran kader posyandu dengan status gizi balita. Metode Penelitian : Desain penelitian ini adalah survey analitik dengan menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh balita di Posyandu Mawar di Desa Gedangan sejumlah 40 responden, dengan teknik total sampling dan analisa data chi square. Hasil Penelitian : Hasil perhitungan chi square di peroleh X² hitung 10.644 pada df=4, P.value 0.031 dimana probabilitas lebih kecil dari level of significant 5 % (0,001 < 0,05) berarti Ha diterima dan Ho ditolak. Kesimpulan : ada hubungan antara peran kader posyandu dengan status gizi pada balita.Kata Kunci : peran kader , status gizi balitaCADERE ROLE RELATIONSHIP WITH NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF CHILDREN POSYANDUABSTRACTBackground : posyandu cadre in Existence as one of the 56th's service system is urgently needed. They are the tip of the Spear is a kepanjangtanganan health services clinics in Central Java in 2011 the amount of nutrition less 5.35% 0.10% and malnutrition. To Semarang from 23.562 toddler who weighed in 2011 more nutritional 1.13%, 93,51%, good nutrition nutrition less 4.86% and 0.49% poor nutrition (Department of Health Central Java Prov., 2011). Objective : the research aims to find out the relationship role of posyandu cadre with the nutritional status of children. Methods : the design of this research is a survey using the analytic approach of cross sectional. The population in this study are all the toddlers at the Rose in the village of Posyandu Gedangan some 38 respondents, with total sample techniques and data analysis a chi square. The results :. The chi square calculation results in getting X ² count 10.644 on df = 4, P. value 0.031 where probability is smaller than the level of significant 5% (0.001 < 0.05) mean Ha Ho accepted and rejected. Conclusion : there is a connection between the role of cadres of posyandu with nutritional status on toddlers.Keywords : the role of cadres, toddler nutrition status

Recent Advances in Obesity: The Role of Turmeric Tuber and Its Metabolites in the Prophylaxis and Therapeutical Strategies

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (37) ◽  
pp. 4837-4853 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agata Jarząb ◽  
Wirginia Kukula-Koch
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
21St Century ◽  
The Body ◽  
Excess Body Weight ◽  
Inflammatory Reactions ◽  
Drug Candidates ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
Important Health ◽  
High Concern

Background: Obesity in the 21st century society became an important health problem, alarming both the scientists and medicine doctors around the world. That is why, the search for new drug candidates capable to reduce the body weight is of high concern. Objective: This contribution tends to collect current findings on the biochemistry of obesity and on the application of plants and in particular turmeric tuber – a commonly used spice - as an anti-obesity agent. Methods: Following an introduction on the biochemical characteristics of obesity, the description of Curcuma secondary metabolites, their pharmacological applications and a study on the plants’ regulatory properties in obesity was summarized. Particular attention was paid to curcumin – the major metabolite present in the extracts of Curcuma spp., which is known to exhibit a variety of pharmacological actions. Also, the characteristics of some semisynthetic analogues of this ferulic acid derivative, characterized by a higher polarity and better bioavailability will be discussed. Results: Numerous scientific papers treat on the influence of turmeric on weight loss. Additionally, some of them describe its anti-inflammatory properties. Conclusions: This important spice tends to fight the 21st century plague, which is an excessive weight gain, related to the development of metabolic syndrome, to the occurrence of cardiovascular problems and diabetes, and, in consequence, leading to a significant shortening of life span. As herein proven, the extracts of turmeric play an important role in the regulation of inflammatory reactions which are evoked in the overweight patients, helping them reduce the excess body weight.

Aurora Kinase Inhibitors in Head and Neck Cancer

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-213
Author(s):  
Guangying Qi ◽  
Jing Liu ◽  
Sisi Mi ◽  
Takaaki Tsunematsu ◽  
Shengjian Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck Cancer ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Kinase Inhibitors ◽  
Biological Function ◽  
Aurora Kinase ◽  
Aurora Kinases ◽  
Related Research ◽  
Chemotherapy Drugs ◽  
Aurora Kinase Inhibitors

Aurora kinases are a group of serine/threonine kinases responsible for the regulation of mitosis. In recent years, with the increase in Aurora kinase-related research, the important role of Aurora kinases in tumorigenesis has been gradually recognized. Aurora kinases have been regarded as a new target for cancer therapy, resulting in the development of Aurora kinase inhibitors. The study and application of these small-molecule inhibitors, especially in combination with chemotherapy drugs, represent a new direction in cancer treatment. This paper reviews studies on Aurora kinases from recent years, including studies of their biological function, their relationship with tumor progression, and their inhibitors.

scholarly journals Overexpressed pseudogene MT1L associated with tumor immune infiltrates and indicates a worse prognosis in BLCA

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanpeng Ding ◽  
Nuomin Liu ◽  
Mengge Chen ◽  
Yulian Xu ◽  
Sha Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Cells ◽  
Biological Function ◽  
Prognostic Biomarker ◽  
Poor Survival ◽  
Common Cancer ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Cox Analysis ◽  
Kaplan Meier Plotter ◽  
Worse Prognosis

Abstract Background BLCA is a common cancer worldwide, and it is both aggressive and fatal. Immunotherapy (ICT) has achieved an excellent curative effect in BLCA; however, only some BLCA patients can benefit from ICT. MT1L is a pseudogene, and a previous study suggested that MT1L can be used as an indicator of prognosis in colorectal cancer. However, the role of MT1L in BLCA has not yet been determined. Methods Data were collected from TCGA, and logistic regression, Kaplan-Meier plotter, and multivariate Cox analysis were performed to demonstrate the correlation between the pseudogene MT1L and the prognosis of BLCA. To identify the association of MT1L with tumor-infiltrating immune cells, TIMER and TISIDB were utilized. Additionally, GSEA was performed to elucidate the potential biological function. Results The expression of MT1L was decreased in BLCA. Additionally, MT1L was positively correlated with immune cells, such as Tregs (ρ = 0.708) and MDSCs (ρ = 0.664). We also confirmed that MT1L is related to typical markers of immune cells, such as PD-1 and CTLA-4. In addition, a high MT1L expression level was associated with the advanced T and N and high grade in BLCA. Increased expression of MT1L was significantly associated with shorter OS times of BLCA patients (p < 0.05). Multivariate Cox analysis revealed that MT1L expression could be an independent prognostic factor in BLCA. Conclusion Collectively, our findings demonstrated that the pseudogene MT1L regulates the immune microenvironment, correlates with poor survival, and is an independent prognostic biomarker in BLCA.

scholarly journals Revisiting Konzo Risk Factors in Three Areas Differently Affected by Spastic Paraparesis in Eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo Discloses a Prominent Role of the Nutritional Status—A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 2628
Author(s):  
Marius Baguma ◽  
Espoir Bwenge Malembaka ◽  
Esto Bahizire ◽  
Germain Zabaday Mudumbi ◽  
Dieudonné Bahati Shamamba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cyanide Poisoning ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Republic Of The Congo

This comparative cross-sectional study aimed to better understand the respective contributions of protein malnutrition and cassava-derived cyanide poisoning in the development of konzo. We compared data on nutritional status and cyanide exposure of school-age adolescent konzo-diseased patients to those of non-konzo subjects of similar age from three areas in the Eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo. Our results show that konzo patients had a high prevalence of both wasting (54.5%) and stunting (72.7%), as well as of cyanide poisoning (81.8%). Controls from Burhinyi and those from Idjwi showed a similar profile with a low prevalence of wasting (3.3% and 6.5%, respectively) and intermediate prevalence of stunting (26.7% and 23.9%, respectively). They both had a high prevalence of cyanide poisoning (50.0% and 63.0%, respectively), similar to konzo-patients. On the other hand, controls from Bukavu showed the lowest prevalence of both risk factors, namely chronic malnutrition (12.1%) and cyanide poisoning (27.6%). In conclusion, cassava-derived cyanide poisoning does not necessarily coexist with konzo outbreaks. The only factor differentiating konzo patients from healthy individuals exposed to cyanide poisoning appeared to be their worse nutritional status. This further suggests that, besides the known role of cyanide poisoning in the pathogenesis of konzo, malnutrition may be a key factor for the disease occurrence.

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