scholarly journals Comparison of Adhesive Properties of Polyurethane Adhesive System and Wood-plastic Composites with Different Polymers after Mechanical, Chemical and Physical Surface Treatment

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbora Nečasová ◽  
Pavel Liška ◽  
Jakub Kelar ◽  
Jiří Šlanhof
Keyword(s):  
Surface Treatment ◽  
Plasma Source ◽  
Adhesive System ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Surface Treatments ◽  
Adhesive Properties ◽  
Bonded Joint ◽  
Polymer Adhesive ◽  
Naoh Solution ◽  
The Cost

The cost of most primary materials is increasing, therefore, finding innovative solutions for the re-use of residual waste has become a topic discussed more intensely in recent years. WPCs certainly meet some of these demands. The presented study is focused on an experimental analysis of the effect of surface treatment on the adhesive properties of selected WPCs. Bonding of polymer-based materials is a rather complicated phenomenon and modification of the bonded area in order to improve the adhesive properties is required. Two traditional types of surface treatments and one entirely new approach have been used: mechanical with sandpaper, chemical with 10 wt % NaOH solution and physical modification of the surface by means of a MHSDBD plasma source. For comparison purposes, two high-density polyethylene based products and one polyvinyl-chloride based product with different component ratios were tested. A bonded joint was made using a moisture-curing permanently elastic one-component polyurethane pre-polymer adhesive. Standardized tensile and shear test methods were performed after surface treatment. All tested surface treatments resulted in an improvement of adhesive properties and an increase in bond strength, however, the MHSDBD plasma treatment was proven to be a more suitable surface modification for all selected WPCs.

scholarly journals Effect of surface treatments on repair strength, roughness and morphology in aged metal-free crowns

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. e206155
Author(s):  
Yançanã Luizy Gruber ◽  
Thaís Emanuelle Bakaus ◽  
Bruna Fortes Bittencourt ◽  
João Carlos Gomes ◽  
Alessandra Reis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Surface Treatment ◽  
Adhesive System ◽  
Surface Treatments ◽  
Metal Free ◽  
Diamond Bur ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Microshear Bond Strength

Aim: The roughness and micromorphology of various surface treatments in aged metal-free crowns and the bond strength of these crowns repaired with composite resin (CR) was evaluated in vitro. Methods: A CR core build-up was confectioned in 60 premolars and prepared for metal-free crowns. Prepared teeth were molded with the addition of silicone, and the laboratory ceromer/fiber-reinforced crowns (SR Adoro/Fibrex Lab) were fabricated. Subsequently, the crowns were cemented and artificially aged in a mechanical fatigue device (1.2 X 106 cycles), then divided into 4 groups (n = 15) according to the surface treatment: 1) phosphoric acid etching (PA); 2) PA + silane application; 3) roughening with a diamond bur + PA; and 4) sandblasting with Al2O3 + PA. After the treatments, the crowns (n = 2) were qualitatively analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and surface roughness (n = 5) was analyzed before and after the surface treatment (Ra parameter). The remaining crowns (n = 8) received standard repair with an adhesive system (Tetric N-Bond) and a nanohybrid CR (Tetric N-Ceram), and the microshear bond strength (SBS) test was performed (0.5 mm/min). Roughness and SBS data were analyzed by one- and two-way ANOVA, respectively, as well as Tukey’s post-test (α = 0.05). Results: Sandblasting with Al2O3 + PA resulted in the highest final roughness and SBS values. The lowest results were observed in the PA group, whereas the silane and diamond bur groups showed intermediate values. Conclusion: It may be concluded that indirect ceromer crowns sandblasted with aluminum oxide prior to PA etching promote increased roughness surface and bond strength values.

Measurement of Pavement Treatment Macrotexture and Its Effect on Bicycle Ride Quality

2015 ◽  
Vol 2525 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Li ◽  
John Harvey ◽  
Zhang Chen ◽  
Yuan He ◽  
Thomas J. Holland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Surface Treatments ◽  
Ride Quality ◽  
California Department ◽  
Statistical Correlations ◽  
State Highway ◽  
Chip Seal ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Treatment Designs

This paper summarizes the results of measurements of macrotexture on a set of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) and local government pavement surface treatments and their correlation with survey results of bicycle vibration and ride quality on the same sections. The test sections that were used for the bicycle vibration and ride quality measurements included various surface treatments placed on an existing chip seal on SR-198 in Monterey County, a chip seal on SR-1 in San Luis Obispo County, and several other sections with various textures and roughness levels on other state highway and county road sections. Macrotexture was measured in mean profile depth (MPD). Three test methods were used to measure MPD: the sand patch, the laser texture scanner, and the inertial profiler. Presented are statistical correlations between macrotexture, roughness [according to the international roughness index (IRI)], bicycle vibration, and bicycle ride quality for the surveyed treatment sections. Conclusions are presented for MPD values measured on road sections with different treatment designs and for the variability of MPD found between sections built with the same chip seal aggregate grading. Correlations between bicycle vibration and MPD are presented, along with correlations between MPD, IRI, bicycle vibration, and bicyclists' perception of ride quality and pavement acceptability for bicycle use. This study's results can assist Caltrans and other road owners considering gradation when continuing to use the cost-effective chip seal treatment to preserve their pavements while maintaining a bicycle-friendly surface.

scholarly journals Effect of surface treatments on push-out bond strength of calcium silicate-based cements to fiber posts

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amr M. Elnaghy ◽  
Ayman Mandorah ◽  
Ali H. Hassan ◽  
Alaa Elshazli ◽  
Shaymaa Elsaka
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Surface Treatment ◽  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Calcium Silicate ◽  
Surface Treatments ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fiber Posts ◽  
Glass Fiber Posts ◽  
Push Out ◽  
Effect Of Surface

Abstract Background To evaluate the effect of surface treatments on the push-out bond strength of Biodentine (BD) and white mineral trioxide aggregate (WMTA) to fiber posts. Methods Two brands of fiber posts were used: Reblida post; RP and RelyX post; RX. Each type of post (n = 80/group) was divided into four groups (n = 20/group) and exposed to surface treatment as follows: Control (no treatment), sandblasting (SB), hydrofluoric acid (HF), and TiF4 4 wt/v%. Each group was further subdivided into two subgroups (n = 10/subgroup) based on the type of CSCs used as follows: Subgroup A: BD and Subgroup B: WMTA. Push-out bond strength of BD and WMTA to glass fiber posts was assessed. Data were statistically analyzed using three-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test. A Weibull analysis was performed on the push-out bond strength data. Results BD showed higher bond strength than WMTA (P < 0.001). The push-out bond strength for posts treated with TiF4 4 wt/v% showed greater bond strength than the other surface treatments (P < 0.05). The BD/RP-TiF4 4 wt/v% showed the greater characteristic bond strength (σ0) (15.93) compared with the other groups. Surface treatments modified the surface topography of glass fiber posts. Conclusions The BD/RP-TiF4 4 wt/v% showed greater bond strength compared with the other groups. The TiF4 4 wt/v% surface treatment enhanced the bond strength of BD and WMTA to glass fiber posts than the other treatments. Surface treatment of fiber post with TiF4 4 wt/v% could be used to improve the bond strength with calcium silicate-based cements.

Selection and Use of Age Resistors in Rubber Compounds

1934 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 663-687
Author(s):  
Richard A. Crawford
Keyword(s):  
Surface Treatment ◽  
Early Development ◽  
Reducing Agents ◽  
Adhesive Properties ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Rubber Industry ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Organic Bases ◽  
Rapid Deterioration ◽  
Rubber Compounds

Abstract THE early development of the rubber industry was handicapped by two serious defects in rubber articles. They were not stable to temperature changes, and they deteriorated rapidly with age. Although the process of vulcanization corrected the first difficulty, rapid deterioration with age was common until the discovery of certain organic accelerators, such as p-aminodimethylaniline, the aldehydeamines, and mercaptobenzothiazole. Prior to these discoveries a number of materials had been patented for the purpose of improving the age-resisting properties of rubber, but many of them were of little merit and most of the others possessed some accelerating value, a fact which was not appreciated at the time. Typical of the more useful early patents for age-resisting materials are American patents by Murphy in 1870 (15), Moore in 1901 (14), and Martin in 1922 (12), and the German and English patents of the Ostwalds in 1908 and 1910 (19, 20). Murphy patented phenol, cresol, and cresylic acid, either added to the uncured stock or as dipping solutions for vulcanized articles for the purpose of improving their resistance to aging. Moore used reducing agents, including hydroquinone, pyrogallol, and p-aminophenol hydrochloride, to preserve the adhesive properties of rubber cements. Martin suggested aniline and other organic bases as a surface treatment for vulcanized articles. The Ostwalds also recognized the beneficial effects of aniline on rubber and stated that it could be added at any convenient stage of manufacture. (It is interesting to note that these inventors considered that addition of aniline to uncured stock or dipping the cured article in aniline were equivalent, and they, therefore, evidently did not recognize the accelerating effect of aniline.)

scholarly journals Surface activation of High Impact Polystyrene substrate using dynamic atmospheric pressure plasma

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-87
Author(s):  
Gergely Juhász ◽  
Miklós Berczeli ◽  
Zoltán Weltsch
Keyword(s):  
Surface Treatment ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Adhesive Bonding ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure Plasma ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Surface Treatments ◽  
Surface Adhesion ◽  
Adhesion Properties ◽  
Pressure Plasma ◽  
Plasma Surface Treatment

Over the last decade, the number of researches has increased in the field of bonding technologies. Researchers attempt to improve surface adhesion properties by surface treatments. Adhesive bonding is one of these bonding techniques, where it is important to see what surfaces will be bonded. One such surface property is wetting, which can be improved by several types of surface treatment. In recent years, atmospheric pressure plasmas have appeared, with which research is ongoing on surface treatments. In our research, we will deal with the effects of plasma surface treatment at atmospheric pressure and its measurement. In addition, we summarize the theoretical background of adhesion, surface tension and surface treatment with atmospheric pressure plasma. Our goal is to improve adhesion properties and thus the adhesion quality.

scholarly journals Nanostructured Bitumen with Nanocarbon

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 317 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.B. Teltayev ◽  
A.A. Kalybai ◽  
G.G. Izmailova ◽  
S.R. Rossi ◽  
E.D. Amirbayev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Structure Variation ◽  
Temperature Resistance ◽  
Chemical Indicators ◽  
Excess Surface ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Low Temperature Resistance

Physical and chemical indicators of bitumen quality of grade BND 70/100 with the added carbon nanopowder 2% by weight have been studied by laboratory test methods and analysis. High reaction ability of nanopowder particles and concentration of excess surface and internal energy in them have been determined, which provide the increase of low-temperature resistance, aggregate strength, and improvement of rheological properties of nanostructured bitumen. Essential structure variation has been proved: the increase of asphaltenes and oils content for 9% and 7.2% respectively due to the decrease of resins for 16.2% by weight. Methods have been discussed for preparing a liquid nanocarbon mix, adding of the mix into bitumen and homogenization of the bitumen. Some economic indicators have been represented which influence essentially the reduction for the cost value of the nanostructure bitumen.

scholarly journals Effect of laser processing parameters on the efficiency of material: a review in industrial application field

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 509
Author(s):  
Muhammed Sabri Sabri Salim ◽  
Naseer Sabri ◽  
T. K. Ibrahim ◽  
Noaman M. Noaman ◽  
Israa N. Akram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Treatment ◽  
Surface Composition ◽  
Laser Energy ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Laser Materials ◽  
Initial State ◽  
Higher Power ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Laser Devices

There is considerable interest in reducing the cost of alloy components that are highly resistant to corrosion. Therefore, low-cost laser energy was used compared to other treatments, where this energy was used to enhance surface resistance of the alloy. In this paper, the advantages of surface treatment using laser energy have demonstrated, in addition, analysis of the effect of the treatment parameters on the material properties. Surface treatment methods for laser materials were classified in thermal processes and thermal chemical processes. The chemical thermal process shows a change in the surface composition of the treated material. The initial state of hydration for cement paste can be identified by analyzing the changes resulting from the intensity of the laser processor. Alumina samples in Ceram proved more soluble areas and became more homogenous and smooth with fewer openings and cracks, especially with energy higher than 10 W CO2 and higher power density than Excimer 6.2 J / cm laser devices. The optimum power of the laser used to remove the material is 40-200 W / cm2. 

scholarly journals Dentin Bonding and SEM Analysis of a New Experimental Universal Adhesive System Containing a Dendrimer

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joana Vasconcelos e Cruz ◽  
Mário Polido ◽  
José Brito ◽  
Luisa L. Gonçalves
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Models ◽  
Dental Materials ◽  
Adhesive System ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Adhesive Properties ◽  
Universal Adhesive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Universal Adhesives ◽  
Self Etch

Due to their polymerization characteristics, hyper-branched dendrimers have lately shown to be promising candidates for use in dental materials. In this study, a new dental adhesive system was prepared, using a dendrimer derived from 2-isocyanatoethyl methacrylate (G-IEMA), and its adhesive properties were investigated. The exposed dentin was treated with four universal adhesives (UAs): SBU (Scotchbond Universal™), FUT (Futurabond M+™), AE1 (experimental adhesive with Bis-GMA) and AE2 (experimental adhesive with G-IEMA), using Etch & Rinse (ER) or Self Etch (SE) protocols. Composite build-ups were prepared and stored for 24 h at 37 °C in distilled water. Composite/dentin beams were prepared with cross-sectional areas of 1 ± 0.3 mm2 and µTBS (Micro-tensile bond strength) test was performed at 0.5 mm/min. Failures modes were evaluated by stereomicroscopy, and bonding interfaces were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Statistical analysis of µTBS data was performed using General Linear (GLM) and Linear Mixed Models (LMM). The effect of adhesive type on µTBS was significant (p = 0.010), with AE1 presenting significantly higher µTBS than SBU (p = 0.019). No other differences between adhesives were observed. ER showed significantly better results than SE (p = 0.019), and no significant interactions between the adhesives and protocols were determined. Results obtained so far pinpoint the emergence of a new paradigm in the dental materials field, as G-IEMA can be used successfully as an alternative to Bis-GMA.

scholarly journals Assessment the Bond Strength of Ceramic Brackets to CAD/CAM Nanoceramic Composite and Interpenetrating Network Composite after Different Surface Treatments

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Mehmet Özarslan ◽  
Özlem Üstün ◽  
Ulviye Sebnem Buyukkaplan ◽  
Çağatay Barutcigil ◽  
Nurullah Türker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Surface Treatment ◽  
Hydrofluoric Acid ◽  
Shear Bond Strength ◽  
Surface Treatments ◽  
Interpenetrating Network ◽  
Bonding Performance ◽  
Cad Cam ◽  
Ceramic Brackets ◽  
New Generation

Adult orthodontics may confront problems related to the bonding performance of orthodontic brackets to new generation restorative materials used for crown or laminate restorations. The aim of the present study was to investigate the shear bond strength of ceramic brackets to two new generation CAD/CAM interpenetrating network composite and nanoceramic composite after different surface treatments. Er,Cr:YSGG Laser, hydrofluoric acid (9%), sandblasting (50 μm Al2O3), and silane were applied to the surfaces of 120 CAD/CAM specimens with 2 mm thickness and then ceramic brackets were bonded to the treated surfaces of the specimens. Bond strength was evaluated using the shear bond strength test. According to the results, CAD/CAM block types and surface treatment methods have significant effects on shear bond strength. The lowest bond strength values were found in the specimens treated with silane (3.35 ± 2.09 MPa) and highest values were found in the specimens treated with sandblast (8.92 ± 2.77 MPa). Sandblasting and hydrofluoric acid surface treatment led to the most durable bonds for the two types of CAD/CAM blocks in the present study. In conclusion, different surface treatments affect the shear bond strength of ceramic brackets to CAD/CAM interpenetrating network composite and nanoceramic composite. Among the evaluated treatments, sandblasting and hydrofluoric acid application resulted in sufficient bonding strength to ceramic brackets for both of the CAD/CAM materials.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document