scholarly journals Chemistry and Functionality of Cold-Pressed Macadamia Nut Oil

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Tafadzwa Kaseke ◽  
Olaniyi Amos Fawole ◽  
Umezuruike Linus Opara
Keyword(s):  
Health Benefits ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Refined Oil ◽  
Diverse Application ◽  
Macadamia Nut ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
Cold Pressed ◽  
Detailed Presentation ◽  
Significant Concentration

The rising trend in the consumption of healthy, safe, and functional foods has motivated studies on cold-pressed specialty oils, including macadamia nut oil. Cold-pressed macadamia nut oil (CPMO) is given preference by consumers over solvent extracted and refined oil because of its exceptional quality attributes and safety. This review contains a detailed presentation of the chemical properties, health benefits, and applications of CPMO. The monounsaturated fatty acids (oleic acid and palmitoleic acid) rich oil also contains a significant concentration of bioactive phytochemicals including, β-sitosterol, α-tocopherol, α-tocotrienols, ρ-hydroxybenzoic acid, and caffeic acid. Moreover, the oil has good oxidative stability. The highlighted properties offer CPMO health benefits related to the prevention of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, cancer, high blood pressure, and neurodegenerative diseases. The fatty acid composition of CPMO allows for its diverse application in the food, cosmetic, nutraceutical, and pharmaceutical industries.

Anthocyanins: Chemical Properties and Health Benefits: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siraj Salman Mohammad ◽  
Renata Oliveira Santos ◽  
Maria Ivone Barbosa ◽  
José Lucena Barbosa Junior
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
The Body ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Extraction Properties ◽  
Therapeutic Properties ◽  
Food Processes ◽  
Shed Light

: Anthocyanins are widely spread in different kinds of food, especially fruits and floral tissues, there is an extensive range of anthocyanin compounds reach more than 600 exist in nature. Anthocyanins can be used as antioxidants and raw material for several applications in food and pharmaceutical industry. Consequently, a plenty of studies about anthocyanins sources and extraction methods were reported. Furthermore, many studies about their stability, bioactive and therapeutic properties have been done. According to the body of work, we firstly worked to shed light on anthocyanin properties including chemical, antioxidant and extraction properties. Secondly, we reported the applications and health benefits of anthocyanin including the applications in food processes and anthocyanin characteristics as therapeutic and prophylactic compounds. We reviewed anticancer, anti-diabetic, anti-fatness, oxidative Stress and lipid decreasing and vasoprotective effects of anthocyanins. In conclusion, because the importance of phytochemicals and bioactive compounds the research is still continuing to find new anthocyanins from natural sources and invest them as raw materials in the pharmaceutical and nutrition applications.

scholarly journals Black Cumin (Nigella sativa L.): A Comprehensive Review on Phytochemistry, Health Benefits, Molecular Pharmacology, and Safety

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1784
Author(s):  
Md. Abdul Hannan ◽  
Md. Ataur Rahman ◽  
Abdullah Al Mamun Sohag ◽  
Md. Jamal Uddin ◽  
Raju Dash ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Molecular Pharmacology ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Current Effort ◽  
Black Cumin ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries

Mounting evidence support the potential benefits of functional foods or nutraceuticals for human health and diseases. Black cumin (Nigella sativa L.), a highly valued nutraceutical herb with a wide array of health benefits, has attracted growing interest from health-conscious individuals, the scientific community, and pharmaceutical industries. The pleiotropic pharmacological effects of black cumin, and its main bioactive component thymoquinone (TQ), have been manifested by their ability to attenuate oxidative stress and inflammation, and to promote immunity, cell survival, and energy metabolism, which underlie diverse health benefits, including protection against metabolic, cardiovascular, digestive, hepatic, renal, respiratory, reproductive, and neurological disorders, cancer, and so on. Furthermore, black cumin acts as an antidote, mitigating various toxicities and drug-induced side effects. Despite significant advances in pharmacological benefits, this miracle herb and its active components are still far from their clinical application. This review begins with highlighting the research trends in black cumin and revisiting phytochemical profiles. Subsequently, pharmacological attributes and health benefits of black cumin and TQ are critically reviewed. We overview molecular pharmacology to gain insight into the underlying mechanism of health benefits. Issues related to pharmacokinetic herb–drug interactions, drug delivery, and safety are also addressed. Identifying knowledge gaps, our current effort will direct future research to advance potential applications of black cumin and TQ in health and diseases.

scholarly journals Omega-3- and Resveratrol-Loaded Lipid Nanosystems for Potential Use as Topical Formulations in Autoimmune, Inflammatory, and Cancerous Skin Diseases

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1202
Author(s):  
Ana R. Caldas ◽  
José Catita ◽  
Raul Machado ◽  
Artur Ribeiro ◽  
Fátima Cerqueira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Skin Permeation ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Topical Administration ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
Lipid Nanoparticles ◽  
Skin Layer ◽  
No Production ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries

Resveratrol (RSV) and omega 3 (ω3), because of their biological favorable properties, have become subjects of interest for researchers in dermocosmetic and pharmaceutical industries; however, these bioactives present technological limitations that hinder their effective delivery to the target skin layer. To overcome the stability and skin permeation limitations of free bioactives, this work proposes a combined strategy involving two different lipid nanosystems (liposomes and lipid nanoparticles) that include ω3 in their lipid matrix. Additionaly, RSV is only encapsulated in liposomes that provid an adequate amphiphilic environment. Each formulation is thoroughly characterized regarding their physical–chemical properties. Subsequently, the therapeutic performance of the lipid nanosystems is evaluated based on their protective roles against lipid peroxidation, as well as inhibition of cicloxygenase (COX) and nitric oxid (NO) production in the RWA264.7 cell line. Finally, the lipid nanosystems are incorporated in hydrogel to allow their topical administration, then rheology, occlusion, and RSV release–diffusion assays are performed. Lipid nanoparticles provide occlusive effects at the skin surface. Liposomes provide sustained RSV release and their flexibility conferred by edge activator components enhances RSV diffusion, which is required to reach NO production cells and COX cell membrane enzymes. Overall, the inclusion of both lipid nanosystems in the same semisolid base constitutes a promising strategy for autoimmune, inflammatory, and cancerous skin diseases.

scholarly journals Density and diversity of filamentous fungi in the water and sediment of Araçá bay in São Sebastião, São Paulo, Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Assami Doi ◽  
Aline Bartelochi Pinto ◽  
Maria Carolina Canali ◽  
Daiane Raquel Polezel ◽  
Roberta Alves Merguizo Chinellato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Filamentous Fungi ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Northern Coast ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Mangrove Swamp ◽  
Sediment Samples ◽  
Water And Sediment ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries

Abstract Araçá Bay, located in the city of São Sebastião, São Paulo, Brazil, is a protected area of substantial complexity. It represents the last remaining mangrove swamp preserve between the cities of Bertioga and Ubatuba on the northern coast of São Paulo State. This mangrove swamp has specific physical and chemical properties, and it shelters a wide variety of life, including fungi. These microorganisms are present in a variety of species with different morphophysiological features, and they have the ability to produce enzymes of biotechnological importance. The goal of this study was to quantify, isolate, and identify filamentous fungi in water and sediment samples from the Araçá Bay mangrove swamp in São Sebastião. Two samplings were performed in the summer and two were performed in the winter. The samples were collected from intertidal zones, and dissolved oxygen (DO), temperature, salinity, and pH were measured in situ. The spread plate technique was used to inoculate the samples collected on plates with a potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium. A total of 208 colonies (68 from water samples and 140 from sediment samples) were isolated, and they were identified based on their morphological characteristics. Filamentous fungus density was higher in the sediment than in the water, and the samplings performed in the winter revealed a higher density than those performed in the summer. Though some of the environmental parameters were not ideal for fungal development, a high quantity of growth was nevertheless observed. When the isolated colonies were analyzed, the greatest diversity and species richness were found in the summer samples. The genera identified in all of the samples were Aspergillus, Penicillium, Cladosporium, and Fusarium. The pathogenic species found from these genera were Aspergillus fumigatus, A. terreus, Penicillium citrinum, and P. chrysogenum. These species are also able to produce enzymes that offer a variety of applications. The fungal community described herein represents the diversity found in this mangrove swamp during the period studied. Many of the fungus species found are pathogenic and may be useful due to their ability to produce specific enzymes applicable in the biotechnological and pharmaceutical industries.

scholarly journals Characterization of gelatins from Nile tilapia skins preserved by freezing and salting

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 2581
Author(s):  
Adriana Cristina Bordignon ◽  
Maria Luiza Rodrigues de Souza ◽  
Eliane Gasparino ◽  
Edson Minoru Yajima ◽  
Jesuí Vergílio Visentainer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Gel Strength ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

After Nile tilapia skin was preserved using the methods of freezing and dry salting, characteristics of skin gelatin were evaluated with regard to yield, rheological features and physical and chemical properties. Preservation was performed after filleting, at which time skins were either frozen (-18°C) for 7 days or salted (25°C) for 7 days. Although no differences (p > 0.05) were observed with respect to humidity, protein, lipid, ash and calcium levels, gelatin from salted skins had a higher concentration of iron relative to frozen skins. Further, twenty-three fatty acids were detected in salted skins compared with merely three found in skin derived gelatin. Of amino acids found, glycine, alanine, proline and arginine were the most abundant. Hydroxyproline abundance in salted and frozen skin gelatin were 8.76% and 8.71%, respectively. In addition, salted skin gelatins had a greater accumulation of saturated fatty acids and lower rates of monounsaturated fatty acids. Salted skin gelatin had the highest yield (18g × 100g-1), gel strength (200 g) and viscosity (19.02mPas) when compared to the yield (17g × 100g-1), gel strength (12.7g) and viscosity (9.16 mPas) of frozen skins. Results show that gelatin from dry salted skin had the best yield and also had relatively better rheological properties, more iron, and better coloration relative to gelatin obtained from frozen skins of Nile tilapia.

scholarly journals Almond cold-pressed oil by-product as ingredient for cookies with potential health benefits: Chemical and sensory evaluation

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 292-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
João C.M. Barreira ◽  
M. Antónia Nunes ◽  
Beatriz Vieira da Silva ◽  
Filipa B. Pimentel ◽  
Anabela S.G. Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Evaluation ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Cold Pressed

Physicochemical studies and rheological modelling of Albizia lebbeck (AL) gum exudates

2014 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 228-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nnabuk Okon Eddy ◽  
Inemesit Udofia ◽  
Adamu Uzairu
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physicochemical Analysis ◽  
Rheological Parameters ◽  
Capillary Viscometer ◽  
Albizia Lebbeck ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Molecular Arrangement ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Scanning Electron

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to determine the physicochemical and rheological parameters of Albizia lebbeck gum. Design/methodology/approach – Physicochemical analysis was carried out using recommended methods. Gas chromatography mass spectrophotometer and Fourier transformed infra red (FTIR) analyses were carried out using their respective spectrophotometer. Scanning electron microscopy was carried out using scanning electron microscope, while rheological measurements were carried out using Ubbelohde capillary viscometer, digital Brookfield DV 1 viscometer and a rheometer. Findings – Albizia zygia gum is an ionic gum with unique physical and chemical properties. Scanning electron micrograph revealed that the internal structure of the gum is porous with irregular molecular arrangement. Thermodynamic parameters of viscous flow indicated the existence of few inter- and intra-molecular interactions, and the attainment of transition state was linked to bond breaking. Coil overlap transition studies revealed the existence of dilute and concentrated regimes. The viscosity of the gum was also found to decrease with decrease in the charge of cation (such that Al3+ > Ca2+ > K+) and with increase in ionic strength. Research limitations/implications – The paper provided information on physicochemical and rheological characteristics/behaviour of Albizia zygia gum, of Nigerian origin. From this information, possible application of this gum in the food and pharmaceutical industries can be deduced. Originality/value – The paper is original since information concerning Albizia zygia gum of Nigerian origin are not well documented as established in the work. It also adds values on the use of Albizia zygia gum, either on its own or in combination with other gums for industrial purpose.

scholarly journals Group Contribution Method-based Multi-objective Evolutionary Molecular Design

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gyula Dörgő ◽  
János Abonyi
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Design ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Search Space ◽  
Molecular Structures ◽  
Benchmark Problems ◽  
Structural Constraints ◽  
Nsga Ii ◽  
Multi Objective ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries

Abstract The search for compounds exhibiting desired physical and chemical properties is an essential, yet complex problem in the chemical, petrochemical, and pharmaceutical industries. During the formulation of this optimization-based design problem two tasks must be taken into consideration: the automated generation of feasible molecular structures and the estimation of macroscopic properties based on the resultant structures. For this structural characteristic-based property prediction task numerous methods are available. However, the inverse problem, the design of a chemical compound exhibiting a set of desired properties from a given set of fragments is not so well studied. Since in general design problems molecular structures exhibiting several and sometimes conflicting properties should be optimized, we proposed a methodology based on the modification of the multi-objective Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-II (NSGA-II). The originally huge chemical search space is conveniently described by the Joback estimation method. The efficiency of the algorithm was enhanced by soft and hard structural constraints, which expedite the search for feasible molecules. These constraints are related to the number of available groups (fragments), the octet rule and the validity of the branches in the molecule. These constraints are also used to introduce a special genetic operator that improves the individuals of the populations to ensure the estimation of the properties is based on only reliable structures. The applicability of the proposed method is tested on several benchmark problems.

scholarly journals Seaweeds

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 315-322
Author(s):  
A. K. Pandey ◽  
O. P. Chauhan ◽  
A. D. Semwal
Keyword(s):  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Brand Names ◽  
Terrestrial Plants ◽  
Frozen Foods ◽  
Sulphated Polysaccharides ◽  
Food Properties ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries

Seaweeds are microalgae growing in coastal regions and resistant to salinity. Seaweeds are rich resources of natural nutrients some of which cannot be obtained from terrestrial plants. Bioactive compounds of seaweeds such as sulphated polysaccharides, peptides, minerals, phlorotannins, carotenoids and sulfolipids have proven health benefits against various diseases. Traditionally, seaweeds are used as folk medicine for treating diseases like goiter, wounds, burns, rashes, inflammation, diabetes and also gaining attention of pharmaceutical industries due to their anti-cancer, anti-aging, anti-angiogenesis, anti-bacterial, anti-viral and antioxidant properties. Seaweeds polysaccharides have wide applications in foods as well as in pharmaceutical industry due to their bio-chemical properties such as stabilizer, emulsifier and gelling property. In food industry, seaweed polysaccharides are used as a functional ingredient in many products such as frozen foods, ice-cream, jam, jelly, beverages etc. Several commercial food preparations from seaweeds are also available in the market such as sea salt, nori snack wasabi, pink rock salt, seaweed thins toasted coconuts, crunchy seaweed chips, raw unroasted seaweed under different brand names. The present review is a compilation of nutritional, pharmacological and food properties of seaweeds along with its potential towards development of functional foods.

scholarly journals The Chemical Fermentation Process Properties, Bioactive Compounds, and Health Benefits of Fruit Vinegars in Pilot-Scale in Thailand

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilawan BOONSUPA
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Liquid Product ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Total Phenolic

Vinegar is a liquid product produced from alcoholic and acetous fermentation. Vinegar contains acetic acid and bioactive compounds, which are brewed by liquid-state and solid-state fermentation techniques. This study reviews chemical fermentation process properties, bioactive compounds, and health benefits of fruit vinegars in Thailand. Chemical properties are the alcohol percentage and acetic acid percentage of vinegar. Bioactive compounds include antioxidant activity and total phenolic content, which have the role of antioxidative activity, blood pressure and glucose control, and anti-tumor. However, further studies are needed to find the new fruit raw materials to produce fruit vinegar which have more bioactive compound and more good taste.

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