scholarly journals Properties of Bacterial Cellulose Produced Using White and Red Grape Bagasse as a Nutrient Source

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1088
Author(s):  
Linda Ogrizek ◽  
Janja Lamovšek ◽  
Franc Čuš ◽  
Mirjam Leskovšek ◽  
Marija Gorjanc
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Viscoelastic Properties ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Water Holding Capacity ◽  
Wine Industry ◽  
Nutrient Source ◽  
Commercial Medium ◽  
Red Grape ◽  
Water Holding ◽  
Scanning Electron

The purpose of the study is to investigate the possibility of using wine industry wastes, such as red and white grape bagasse, to produce bacterial cellulose (BC) instead of using a costly commercial medium. BC was produced using grape bagasse as a carbon source replacement and the sole nutrient in the medium. The BC films were evaluated for their productivity and water-holding capacity. The BC films were also investigated for their morphology using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), their viscoelastic properties using dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), and their chemical composition using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Although the use of grape bagasse as the sole nutrient was successful in the preparation of BC, the BC films had inferior viscoelastic properties to other produced BC films. White grape bagasse proved to be an excellent carbon substitute as the production of BC and its water-holding capacity were five times higher and the produced BC films were up to 72% more flexible than the bacterial cellulose produced using standard HS medium.

Biosynthesis of Carboxymethylated Bacterial Cellulose Composite for Wound Dressing

2011 ◽  
Vol 685 ◽  
pp. 322-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Wei Yu ◽  
Xiao Li Liu ◽  
Chang Sheng Liu ◽  
Dong Ping Sun
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Wound Dressing ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Acetobacter Xylinum ◽  
Water Holding Capacity ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Transmission Rates ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Water Holding ◽  
Cellulose Composite

A novel bacterial cellulose (BC) composite (carboxymethylated-bacterial cellulose, CM-BC) was synthesized by Acetobacter xylinum by adding water-soluble carboxymethylated cellulose (CMC) in the culture medium. FTIR results showed that CM-BC is obtained by the incorporation of CMC in the network of BC. Water-holding capacity and water vapor transmission rates (WVTR) of CM-BC and BC are determined. The WVTR of CM-BC is comparable to that of BC, but the water-holding capacity of CM-BC is improved compared with BC. Tensile strengths measurement results showed that the fracture stress of CM-BC is higher than that of BC, indicating that CM-BC have more potential wound dressing applications than BC.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Different Methods for Cultivating Gluconacetobacter hansenii for Bacterial Cellulose and Montmorillonite Biocomposite Production: Wound-Dressing Applications

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharine Valéria Saraiva Hodel ◽  
Larissa Moraes dos Santos Fonseca ◽  
Isa Moreira da Silva Santos ◽  
Jamile Costa Cerqueira ◽  
Raimundo Evangelista dos Santos-Júnior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Wound Dressing ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Medical Product ◽  
Water Holding Capacity ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Water Release ◽  
Thermal Stabilities ◽  
Gluconacetobacter Hansenii ◽  
Water Holding

Bacterial cellulose (BC) has received considerable attention due to its unique properties, including an ultrafine network structure with high purity, mechanical strength, inherent biodegradability, biocompatibility, high water-holding capacity and high crystallinity. These properties allow BC to be used in biomedical and industrial applications, such as medical product. This research investigated the production of BC by Gluconacetobacter hansenii ATCC 23769 using different carbon sources (glucose, mannitol, sucrose and xylose) at two different concentrations (25 and 50 g∙L−1). The BC produced was used to develop a biocomposite with montmorillonite (MMT), a clay mineral that possesses interesting characteristics for enhancing BC physical-chemical properties, at 0.5, 1, 2 and 3% concentrations. The resulting biocomposites were characterized in terms of their physical and barrier properties, morphologies, water-uptake capacities, and thermal stabilities. Our results show that bacteria presented higher BC yields in media with higher glucose concentrations (50 g∙L−1) after a 14-day incubation period. Additionally, the incorporation of MMT significantly improved the mechanical and thermal properties of the BC membranes. The degradation temperature of the composites was extended, and a decrease in the water holding capacity (WHC) and an improvement in the water release rate (WRR) were noted. Determining a cost-effective medium for the production of BC and the characterization of the produced composites are extremely important for the biomedical applications of BC, such as in wound dressing materials.

Development and Characteristic of Bacterial Cellulose for Antimicrobial Wound Dressing

2010 ◽  
Vol 152-153 ◽  
pp. 978-987 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hai Yue Zhang ◽  
Xiao Juan Yan ◽  
Yan Jiang ◽  
Juan Cong
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Wound Dressing ◽  
Water Holding Capacity ◽  
Swelling Ratio ◽  
Porous Network ◽  
Moist Environment ◽  
Water Holding ◽  
Cellulose Materials ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

Bacterial cellulose (BC) material was obtained through fermentation by Acetobacter xylinumis with superior functional properties. BC is an interesting material for using as a wound dressing since it provides moist environment to a wound and results in a better wound healing. With the aim of using BC as a wound dressing material, moisture content, swelling ratio, purity and antimicrobial activity were investigated. Fresh prepared BC membrane was smooth, colorless, jelly alike, and it showed translucence after NaOH treatment. The purity of the cellulosic pellicle reached 98.32%, and it had good water holding capacity (98.02%) and high swelling ratio (69.88%). Antimicrobial activity test showed that BC material had excellent sterilizing efficacy against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The surface of BC membranes was porous network structure observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Infrared spectroscopy (IR) results showed that this membrane belong to bio-cellulose materials. BC displayed higher water content and water holding capacity, as well as higher purity and antimicrobial activity. It has an extensive usage in biomedicine areas.

Modulation of the Structures and Properties of Bacterial Cellulose Film by Fermentation Carbon Sources

2013 ◽  
Vol 647 ◽  
pp. 160-164
Author(s):  
Guang Yang ◽  
Jian Jian Xie
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Wound Dressing ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Water Diffusion ◽  
Water Holding Capacity ◽  
Swelling Ratio ◽  
Pure Cellulose ◽  
Structures And Properties ◽  
Water Swelling ◽  
Water Holding

Bacterial cellulose (BC), a natural pure cellulose synthesized by some bacteria, shows great potentials for wound dressing applications. In order to obtain suitable properties, different fermentation carbon sources, i.e. glucose, maltose and sucrose were used to synthesize BC films by static culture. The crystallinity and pore analysis was performed by X-ray diffraction spectroscopy and nitrogen physisorption measurements, respectively. Some important properties of BC materials from different carbon sources were investigated, such as the mechanical strength, water holding capacity, water swelling ratio and water diffusion ability, which were key parameters for wound dressing applications. For comparison, the conventional cotton fiber was used as control. It was found that the carbon sources could change both the structures and properties of BC. The sucrose-derived BC exhibited lower crystallinity, but more suitable mechanical property, higher water holding capacity and water swelling ratio than other samples. All tested BC samples showed higher water holding capacity and water swelling ratio, but lower water diffusion property than the cotton fibers which were expected as good wound-healing biomedical materials.

Gels from acrylic acid and hydroxypropyl cellulose via free radical polymerization

e-Polymers ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos F. Castro-Guerrero ◽  
Ana Morales-Cepeda ◽  
José Rivera-Armenta ◽  
Ana Mendoza-Martínez ◽  
Alberto Álvarez-Castillo
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Viscoelastic Properties ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Hydroxypropyl Cellulose ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Dynamical Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Scanning Electron

AbstractA hydrogel from acrylic acid and hydroxypropyl cellulose was made. The percentages of raw materials and crosslinkers were varied and its swelling behavior was evaluated. Some of the gels obtained absorbed more than 300% wt. The gels with higher swelling percentages were characterized by means of IR spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamical mechanical analysis (DMA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The FTIR showed the presence of the main reactants in the gel, while the DSC showed a phase separation in the gel. This gel is partly biodegradable because of the content of hydroxypropyl cellulose and has the viscoelastic properties of poly(acrylic acid).

scholarly journals Mechanical properties of edible film based bacterial cellulose from sago liquid waste using starch as stabilizer

2021 ◽  
Vol 948 (1) ◽  
pp. 012063
Author(s):  
N A Yanti ◽  
S W Ahmad ◽  
L O A N Ramadhan ◽  
T Walhidayah
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Cassava Starch ◽  
Water Holding Capacity ◽  
Edible Film ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Water Holding

Abstract Edible film is a thin layer made of edible material as a packaging for food products. In the edible film production, required additional material that serves as stabilizer and plasticizer. This research aimed to determine the mechanical properties of the edible film-based bacterial cellulose from sago liquid waste using some types of starch as a stabilizer. The starches used as stabilizers in making edible films were corn, cassava, and sago starch. Mechanical properties were measured include tensile strength, elongation at break, elasticity (Young’s modulus), and water holding capacity (WHC). The results showed that the thickness of corn, sago, and cassava starch was 0.08 mm, 0.09 mm, and 0.11 mm, respectively. The mechanical properties of the edible film with corn, sago, and cassava starch as stabilizers namely a tensile strength (MPa) were 10.90; 15.90 and 61.92 respectively, elongation at break (%) were 8, 20, and 87, young’s modulus (MPa) were 13.48, 7.84 and 6.98, respectively and water holding capacity (g/g) were 34.26; 18.18 and 16.40 respectively. Therefore, the utilization of starch as a stabilizer in edible film can improve its mechanical properties.

The postfire recovery of rock-inhabiting algae, microfungi, and lichens

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob Garty
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Green Algae ◽  
Water Holding Capacity ◽  
Rock Surface ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Mountain Area ◽  
Water Holding ◽  
Scanning Electron

Despite numerous investigations on the re-establishment of epiphytic cryptogams, especially lichens, after forest fires, very little is known about the recolonization of burnt rocks by lithobiontic microorganisms after fire in the Mediterranean region. Reported herein are the results of a combined field observation and scanning electron microscopy study focusing on the connection between the microrelief of the rocks that was shaped during prefire periods and the recolonization of pioneer lithobiontic microorganisms after the fire. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the burnt rock surfaces exhibit 10 kinds of weathering elements that include 9 kinds of cryptogamic imprints corroded by saxicolous (rock-inhabiting) unicellular green algae, free-living microfungi, and fruiting bodies or microgrooves of endolithic lichens during prefire periods. The total volume of several selected structural weathering elements formed by lithobiontic microorganisms during the prefire period was estimated relative to the possible contribution of these lithobionts to local pedogenesis. Considering that the specific weight of chalk is 2.6 g/cm3, the estimated amount of the rock material removed by small pits with a diameter of 0.01 mm formed by unicellular green algae during the prefire period can reach 3.06 kg/ha mountain area with 10% rock coverage, while the estimated amount of chalk rock material removed by pinhead holes with a diameter of 0.8 mm formed by fruiting bodies of endolithic lichens can reach 174 kg/ha with the same rock coverage. Water-holding capacity of empty pinhead holes and small pits on the rock surface in burnt areas was also estimated, and it is suggested that the water-holding capacity of empty small pits (d = 0.01 mm) formed by unicellular green algae on rock surface per hectare mountain area with 10% rock coverage can reach 1.18 L, whereas in case of pinhead holes (d = 0.8 mm) formed by fruiting bodies of endolithic lichens the water-holding capacity can reach 66.9 L/ha with the same rock coverage. Scanning electron microscopy revealed the presence of three different kinds of unicellular green algae, one free-living microfungus, two different species of endolithic lichens, two epilithic lichen species, and great numbers of lichen ascospores, fungal spores, and hyphae established postfire in pinhead holes and small pits produced by former microlithobionts inhabiting rocks during prefire periods. These microorganisms and diaspores were also present in ruts, shallow rock depressions, and microcrevices produced by abiotic factors. Key words: lithobiontic microorganisms, wildfire, algae, microfungi, lichens.

scholarly journals Viscoelastic Properties of Mineral-Filled Poly(lactic acid) Composites

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Gregorova ◽  
Michal Machovsky ◽  
Rupert Wimmer
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Viscoelastic Properties ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Reinforced Composite ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Electron Microscope Analysis ◽  
Mineral Fillers ◽  
Filler Distribution ◽  
Scanning Electron

Poly(lactic acid) was filled with 20 wt% of the three mineral fillers Mica, Zeolite, and Vansil, differing in the particle shape and surface area. Viscoelastic properties of unfilled and filled composites were investigated via dynamic mechanical analysis, while filler and fracture surface morphology of the composites was analysed through scanning electron microscopy. Results demonstrate the relationships between viscoelastic damping behaviour of filled PLA composites and the filler distribution in the PLA matrix. Both damping reduction and scanning electron microscope analysis revealed that Zeolite was better distributed in the poly(lactic acid) matrix than the other used fillers Mica and Vansil. The interfacial filler/matrix adhesion has again proved to be the key factor determining thermal and mechanical properties of reinforced composite material.

scholarly journals Using Ground Kenaf Stem Core as a Major Component of Container Media

1994 ◽  
Vol 119 (5) ◽  
pp. 931-935 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yin-Tung Wang
Keyword(s):  
Water Holding Capacity ◽  
Hibiscus Cannabinus ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Commercial Media ◽  
Hibiscus Rosa Sinensis ◽  
Commercial Medium ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Nursery Crops ◽  
Water Holding ◽  
Pittosporum Tobira

Results of a series of experiments showed that the ground, noncomposted woody stem core of kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) can be used successfully as a container medium amendment for producing potted tropical foliage and woody nursery crops. The growth of Brassaia actinophylla Endl., Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. `Jane Cowl', and Pittosporum tobira (Thunb.) Ait. `Wheeler's Dwarf' in 70% or 80% kenaf (by volume, the balance being peatmoss or perlite or vermiculite and other nutrients) was similar to or greater than growth in two popular commercial mixes. Undesirable shrinkage of certain kenaf-amended media during plant production was reduced greatly by mixing it with at least 30% peatmoss or by using a coarser kenaf grind. As the portion of peatmoss increased from 0% to 30%, noncapillary porosity and water-holding capacity per container increased. A medium consisting of 50% kenaf, 40% peatmoss, and 10% vermiculite held as much water as a commercial medium. However, plants in most kenaf-amended media required more-frequent irrigation than those in the commercial media.

Kualitas Fisik Daging Ayam Broiler yang Diberi Minyak Buah Merah dalam Pakan Komersial

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Abdul Rahman Ollong ◽  
Rizki Arizona ◽  
Rusli Badaruddin
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Cooking Loss ◽  
Water Holding Capacity ◽  
Broiler Meat ◽  
Fruit Oil ◽  
Water Holding ◽  
Range Test

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan minyak buah merah (MBM) pada pakan terhadap kualitas fisik daging ayam broiler. Seratus ekor ayam broiler umur sehari (DOC) ditempatkan pada lima kelompok perlakuan pakan yang berbeda, yaitu: P1 (pakan kontrol/tanpa penambahan minyak), P2 (2% MBM), P3 (4% MBM), P4 (6% MBM) dan P5 (6% Minyak kelapa sawit). Setiap kelompok perlakuan terdiri dari empat ulangan masing-masing dengan lima ekor. Ayam broiler dipelihara selama 35 hari. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan analisis variansi pola searah dan diuji lanjut dengan Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semua variable yang diamati menunjukkan adanya pengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap perlakuan yang diberikan. Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan minyak buah merah (MBM) dalam pakan mampu memberikan pengaruh terhadap pH Daging, Daya Ikat Air (DIA), susut masak dan keempukan daging ayam broiler.Kata kunci : daging ayam broiler, daya ikat air, keempukan daging, pH daging, susut masakABSTRACT The experiment was conducted to study the effect of red fruit oil (RFO) onphysical quality  of broiler chicken. One hundred day old chicken (DOC) were placed in four groups of different treatments, of from levels of RFO (P1 (diet without addition of RFO), P2 (2% RFO), P3 (4% RFO) and P4 (6% RFO) and P5 (6% Palm oil)). The treatment group consisted of fivereplications with five birds each. Broiler chickens were reared for 35 days. Statistical analysis used Completely Randomized Design (CRD) and followed by Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The results showed that the pH value, moisture content, water holding capacity, and cooking loss was significant differences. It could be concluded that the addition of red fruit oil in the diet give effect  of broiler chicken meat.Keywords: broiler meat, cooking loss, moisture content, pH value, water holding capacity

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