scholarly journals Protecting Buddhist Women from Muslim Men: “Love Jihad” and the Rise of Islamophobia in Myanmar

Religions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1082
Author(s):  
Iselin Frydenlund

Buddhist protectionism in contemporary Myanmar revolves around fears of the decline of Buddhism and deracination of the amyo (group/“race”). Buddhist protectionists and Burmese nationalists have declared Islam and Muslims the greatest threat to race and religion, and Myanmar has witnessed widespread distribution of anti-Islamic and anti-Muslim content, as well as massive violence against Muslim minority communities, the Rohingya in particular. The Indian neologism “Love Jihad” has scarce reference in contemporary Burmese Buddhist discourses, but, importantly, the tropes of aggressive male Muslim sexuality and (forced) conversion through marriage (“love jihad”) have been one of the core issues in Buddhist protectionism in Myanmar. The article shows that such tropes of the threatening foreign male have strong historical legacies in Myanmar, going back to colonial Burma when Burmese concerns over Indian male immigrant workers resulted in both anti-Indian violence and anti-miscegenation laws. Importantly, however, compared to colonial Indophobia and military era xenophobic nationalism, contemporary constructions are informed by new political realities and global forces, which have changed Buddhist protectionist imaginaries of gender and sexuality in important ways. Building on Sara R. Farris’ concept of “femonationalism”, and Roger Brubaker’s concept of civilizationism, the article shows how Global Islamophobia, as well as global discourses on women’s rights and religious freedom, have informed Buddhist protectionism beyond ethnonationalism in the traditional sense.

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-55
Author(s):  
Aijaz A. Turrey

Muslims form the largest religious minority in India. Census of India 2011 registered about 14.4 per cent of India’s total population as Muslims. Being minority Muslims are one of the weaker sections of society and the most oppressed ones. Majority of the Muslims especially youth are going through distress and trauma of terrorism tags. Muslims are the prime targets of anti-national activities and often jailed and killed in fake encounters. They are the most suffered section of the society and a little is being done for their upliftment. An attempt has been made to analyze the condition of the Muslim minority in India in the present democratic scenario. The study mainly focused on the consequences of false charges and fake encounters on the socio-economic conditions of Muslims and their families in India. The study is actually an investigation in some thrust areas in which Muslim section of the society is being demoralized deeply in India. The government of India established The Ministry of Minority Affairs on 29th January 2006 to look after the issues of minority communities and suggest development frameworks for their benefit. The 2017 World Report of the Human Rights Watch1 also finds India as the violator of human rights with respect to freedom and treatment of minorities.1An Indian government agency responsible for collecting and analyzing crime data as defined by the Indian Penal Code (IPC).


Author(s):  
Juliane Hammer

American Muslims are often seen as either unassimilable immigrants or as African Americans who only “adopted” Islam as rebellion against Christian-sanctioned racist exclusion. This chapter brings into meaningful conversation these two often divided arenas of definition, agency, and political space by focusing on the categories of “Islam” and “race” and how they have been negotiated, applied, rejected, and forced by and onto various people since the eighteenth century. It shows how Muslims in the United States are both American and transnational, since the relationship between race and religion is globally negotiated. It also considers the intersections of religion and race with gender and sexuality, surveying research on Muslim slaves, naturalization cases in the early twentieth century, Noble Drew Ali and the Moorish Science Temple, the Nation of Islam, the racialization of Muslims after 9/11, and the Muslim Anti-Racism Collaborative.


2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosdalina Bukido ◽  
Ubed Abdillah Syarif ◽  
Rahman Mantu

This article presents data on the religious attitudes of Muslim minority communities. Similar themes have been studied considerably, but most of them are researched in the Muslim majority areas. Therefore, the author tries to delve into the same topic, but it investigates a different locus, namely how the religious views and attitudes of Muslim minority youth in Manado. The findings reveal that the attitudes and behavior of Muslim youth in Manado towards diversity tend to be conservative with scriptural and puritanical features. However, their basic attitude is highly open towards moderate values and principles, with a decent respect for individual freedom and human rights, even though norms and culture constrain them, this shows a paradox. On the one hand, they show a tolerant attitude, but on other certain aspects or problems, their attitude tends to be intolerant. In its context, the attitudes and religiosity of these Muslim youths have sparked social change in the City of Manado.


2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-83
Author(s):  
Rohmatun Lukluk Isnaini

The Pattani area of Southern Thailand, precisely in the district of Laem Pho, there is a large school called Ban Budhee. It is a royal Islamic-based school that has applied Islamic education curriculum. This study aims to see the components of the curriculum in terms of the limitations of Muslim minority communities in their country in implementing the Islamic education curriculum. This research uses qualitative approach; researcher conducts in-depth interviews, field observation and documentation at the location. This paper focuses on the model of Islamic education curriculum in Muslim minority areas, especially in Ban Budhee School. The Islamic education curriculum is implemented in formal schools and supported by a curriculum held in Tadika (Kindergarten Education Park). Both curriculum are well implemented in meeting the needs of the Muslim community.


Author(s):  
Tahir Abbas

This chapter provides an overview of the experiences of Muslim minority communities in Britain, as well as in other parts of Western Europe. It explores the nature of the immigration process and its associations with the changing nature of the economy and society. Over time, a myopic concentration on ethnic, racial and religious differences has fed into Islamophobia and anti-Muslim sentiment, where a discourse on mutually recognized integration has shifted into forced assimilation, partially into a dominant framing of ‘values’. For example, the discourse in relation to Britishness has shifted away from a focus on celebrating diversity and differences in society as part of a vision of a unitary political whole, and instead moved towards one in which ethnic nationalism, in the form of an idealized notion of Englishness in the case of the UK, is the centerpiece. Examining immigration in the contexts of politics, culture and identity, this chapter reveals the complexity of contested identities in post-industrial urban settings that were once the initial sites of immigration for these groups, focusing on Britain and other important centers of Muslim politics and populations across Western Europe. How such conditions provoke specific types of responses from these Muslim groups is also explored, and two aspects of the nature of the fissures within Islamism are also introduced – one is potentially regressive and reactionary, with the other being worldly and spiritual.


2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 175-179
Author(s):  
Aijaz A. Turrey

Muslims form the largest religious minority in India. Census of India 2011 registered about 14.4 per cent of India’s total population as Muslims. Being minority Muslims are one of the weaker sections of society and the most oppressed ones. Majority of the Muslims especially youth are going through distress and trauma of terrorism tags. Muslims are the prime targets of anti-national activities and often jailed and killed in fake encounters. They are the most suffered section of the society and a little is being done for their upliftment. An attempt has been made to analyse the condition of the Muslim minority in India in the present democratic scenario. The study mainly focused on the consequences of false charges and fake encounters on the socio-economic conditions of Muslims and their families in India. The study is actually an investigation in some thrust areas in which Muslim section of the society is being demoralized deeply in India. The government of India established The Ministry of Minority Affairs on 29th January 2006 to look after the issues of minority communities and suggest development frameworks for their benefit. The 2017 World Report of the Human Rights Watch[1] also finds India as the violator of human rights with respect to freedom and treatment of minorities.[1] Human Rights Watch is a non-profit, non-governmental human rights organization, known for its accurate fact-finding, impartial reporting, effective use of media, and targeted advocacy.


2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Toby Miles-Johnson ◽  
Suzanna Fay ◽  
Susann Wiedlitzka

In the 21st century, policing of all citizens requires officers to have an increased awareness of minority communities. Yet in the wake of public complaints and mass demonstrations regarding police misconduct, it is clear that police bias toward minority communities often negatively influences engagement. To better understand police awareness of minority communities and how officers’ levels of awareness and perceptions of policing influence their perceptions of engagement, data were collected from police recruits and protective service officers (N = 1585) training at one of the largest police academies in Australia. The results show significant differences in awareness levels and perceptions of engagement of police recruits and protective service officers toward members of minority communities, as well as the factors influencing awareness during police–citizen engagement. These include the police recruit’s and protective service officer’s gender and sexuality, the frequency of socialization they have with diverse people, as well as the type of social interaction experienced. The results from this study offer suggestions to increase officers’ levels of awareness of minority communities, and how this may improve on-the-job performance overtime.


2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-76
Author(s):  
Evan Hamzah Muchtar

This paper will discuss Islamic studies on religious life and muamalah activities with regional approaches in Southeast Asia, especially in Muslim minority communities in Myanmar, Thailand and the Philippines. The discussion begins with the understanding of Islamic studies, the background of the spread of Islam in Southeast Asia, and the development of muamalah Muslim minority communities in Southeast Asia, especially in Myanmar, Thailand and the Philippines. Their position as a minority influences the development of religious institutions. In the process of national integration launched by the government, Muslim communities face changes in social and political orientation.


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