TOSANGSEREKAN, A Theological Reflection on the Integrity of Creation in the Torajan Context

What is the aboriginal concept of Tosangserekan itself? The philosophy of Tosangserekan in Aluk to dolo concept: All creatures (the ancestors) were made by Puang Matua, The material for producing those ancestors was gold, The tool to forged–to form was a pair of bellows (sauan sibarrung). And all ancestors were made (forged) in the sky, therefore the tosangserekan is not just merely a philosophy of human beings (moral value) nor culture, but it is more like an integration of cosmic living system (intact, interrelatedness and wholeness). The consequence is Tosangserekan as a cosmic system is very close with natural law (organic holism). The entire life dimension CANNOT be separated; everything is in oneness of intact union. The Theology of Life and the Philosophy of To Sangserekan: theology of restoration with ecological spirit, so humans are aware and have a self-control base on their cultural life, especially when it involves nature. One thing that is certain is: this earth is only one, and our planet is in a problem and then it is going towards to destruction. And the most responsible for this damages one is human beings. Because he is given an authorization to manage nature wisely (Theocentric-holistic). Nature or creatures has been treated arbitrarily, without having a pity, and unfairly. The fact that a lot of species of plant and animal have totally disappeared. The requirements are not only the conservation techniques and the knowledge on the environment but primarily more to the basic attitude, which is expressed from the deepest inner self. This basic attitude then will give the influence to the viewpoint on nature. Even it could be able to shift and form a new paradigm or a new ethic on the environment.

Background Feelings of Belonging and Psychological Trauma

Reports of not feeling understood are frequent in testimonies of psychological trauma. I argue that these feelings are not a matter of a cognitive failure but rather an expression of the absence of a more pervasive background feeling of belonging. Contemporary accounts of we-intentionality promise but ultimately fall short in explaining this sense of belonging. Gerda Walther offers an alternative account of communal experiences. Her notion of “habitual unification” can explain the background feelings of belonging that are woven through the individual’s everyday experience of being in a shared world. Having unified with another person, the world feels different. It is now experienced in light of a “we.” This is not only the case in actual, singular person-to-person encounters. Unification with others becomes habitual: it retreats into the background of the individual’s awareness, colouring their experience of the world. Thus sedimented, it forms a background sense of belonging to a shared world. Unification is enabled by experiencing others as being similar in a significant way, such as having the same experiences, values, or basic attitude: in Walther’s words, as being a “human, who also….” This, I shall argue, is impacted through traumatizing experiences. Trauma survivors struggle to experience others as “humans, who also…,” resulting in a failure of unification and thus impeding feelings of belonging. Trauma testimonies also suggest that actively seeking out recognition of similarities and shared aspects of experience may once again enable experiencing others as “humans, who also…,” thus enabling unification and re-establishing a sense of belonging.

Attitude survey in the ESG investment fund market

Nowadays the so-called ESG investment funds are becoming increasingly popular in the world. There was a huge increase in the number of sustainable funds managed in Hungary too in 2020, so in the present paper I will examine the attitude of the Hungarian population toward this financial instrument. My goal is to explore the main obstacles and the potential drivers in the development of the market and to compare the results with relevant studies. I will use a decision tree and hierarchical clustering algorithms in order to find the characteristics of the target market. As a result, I will shed light on the fact that the main restraining factors are the lack of information and recommendations from financial providers. According to my research Hungarians are sensitive to environmental factors and the good performance of ESG funds compared to traditional ones can be an important aspect in their investment decisions. In defining the target group, the individual’s demographics proved to be less influential, rather the basic attitude and perceptions toward ESG investments are the important factors.

Ru’yat al-aqallīyāt al-muslimah hawla al-tadayyun: Mawqif jayl al-shabāb fi Manado

This article presents data on the religious attitudes of Muslim minority communities. Similar themes have been studied considerably, but most of them are researched in the Muslim majority areas. Therefore, the author tries to delve into the same topic, but it investigates a different locus, namely how the religious views and attitudes of Muslim minority youth in Manado. The findings reveal that the attitudes and behavior of Muslim youth in Manado towards diversity tend to be conservative with scriptural and puritanical features. However, their basic attitude is highly open towards moderate values and principles, with a decent respect for individual freedom and human rights, even though norms and culture constrain them, this shows a paradox. On the one hand, they show a tolerant attitude, but on other certain aspects or problems, their attitude tends to be intolerant. In its context, the attitudes and religiosity of these Muslim youths have sparked social change in the City of Manado.

УТИЦАЈ ДРУШТВЕНИХ ФАКТОРА НА СТАТУС СТРАНИХ ЈЕЗИКА У СНОВНОЈ И СРЕДЊОЈ ШКОЛИ РЕПУБЛИКЕ СРБИЈЕ

A critical and complete estimation and evaluation of educational work is a complex and accountable process, but mostly it is the inevitable task of all participants in this process. The aim of this paper is to point out the significance of extensive social impact on foreign language selection and acquisition by using the method of theoretical analysis. In this paper we will present the importance of learning foreign languages (FL), their presence in the educational system of Republic Serbia, the position of the state language policy, as well as the current situation and the basic attitude of the society in the selection and study of FLs. The results of this analysis should contribute to a better insight into the nature of the factors that influence the acquisition and teaching of foreign languages.

Profil Perempuan Urban dalam Novel Celebrity Wedding karya Alia Azalea

This study aims to describe the profile of urban women in the metropolitan novel Alia Azalea Celebrity Wedding based on basic attitudes (1) love, (2) beauty, (3) suffering, (4) justice, (5) view of life, (6) responsibility, (7) anxiety, (8) hope. This type of research is qualitative research using descriptive methods. The data in this study are in the form of words, phrases, clauses, sentences which can be formulated as a profile of urban women. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that there are eight basic human attitudes towards female characters in the novel. Eight basic attitude patterns of love that are oriented towards the balance between love for family, fellow human beings and the opposite sex, beauty is oriented towards spiritual beauty, suffering is oriented towards suffering as a trial, justice is oriented towards honesty, view of life is oriented towards a view of life that comes from reflection, responsibility Responsibility is oriented towards self-responsibility, anxiety is oriented towards anxiety in the form of uncertainty, and expectations are oriented towards acceptance expectations in the family environment from Revel.

Wörterbücher mit Slowenisch. Historische, kulturelle und sprachpolitische Aspekte

Lexicography is traditionally associated with its significant social and cultural role and consequently corresponding tasks and functions. Dictionaries have several, partially overlapping functions: they serve practical lexicography to satisfy various individual needs of the speakers, hence at the same time they also serve the language documentation which addresses national, language policy, administrative, economic as well as educational and scientific needs of a language community. This basic attitude to the social-cultural status of dictionaries, although simplified, is the starting point for considerations of historically significant milestones in the development of lexicography with Slovenian. Following Hausmann (1989) and his presentation of approaches to the social status of lexicography and its products, Slovenian lexicography is viewed from the perspective of the cultural-historical development of Slovenian-speaking society.

Redefining education and politics: On the paradoxical relation between two separate spheres

In this contribution to the Special Issue on the instrumentalisation of education, we focus on the relation between politics and education, as today there is a dominant discourse on rendering education subservient to the realisation of political aims. Rather than analysing the many ways in which such instrumentalisation takes place, we propose to develop an ontological account that articulates the basic attitude that a political and an educational engagement respectively demand. Our main source of inspiration was Arendt’s claim that education should be conceived of as an autonomous and separate sphere, that is, as being meaningful in and of itself, and without any need for an external justification (e.g. in political terms). Taking this standpoint further we will argue that the unique logic of education can be conceived of in terms of unconditional love for the present world. This affirmative attitude is precisely what makes education educational. Conversely, this calls for a redefinition of the logic that -- following Schmitt -- characterises the political, which we will show to be predicated upon a dialectical relation with the world that consists of an attitude of hate towards the present, in view of an ever deferred hoped-for ideal future. This leads us to reconsider the relation that education as an autonomous sphere of human life enters with politics. In order to theorise this kind relation we refer to the idea of pure means, introduced by Agamben .

Kajian Etnometodologi: Pola Pemasaran Berpihak Masyarakat Pedesaan Kediri Pada Ritel Tradisional

This study aims to uncover and find out the meaning behind traditional retailer's marketing patterns, customer attitudes toward the application of these patterns and more in analyzing the interactions between traditional retailers and their customers and to learn the subjective norms that occur in these marketing patterns.This research is a qualitative research with ethnometodology approach. The study was conducted by direct observation and in-depth interviews with traditional retailers and their customers. Informants were selected with criteria 5 R occupying rural areas of Kediri, the chosen ones were Blabak village, Kandat district, Kediri district and Blabak village, Pesantren district, Kediri city. The observations themselves were made during the sale and purchase transactions at each traditional store, which then conducted open interviews to reveal the subjective norms that occur in the marketing pattern. The results of observations and in-depth interviews in this study indicate that the four dimensions of Hofstade's culture, namely Power Distance, Collectivism, Femininity, Uncertainty Avoidance develop positively where retailers place and make themselves as partners, brothers who empathize with customers by using a basic attitude of mutual trust for fluency fulfillment of each other's needs. The noble values of the culture of the people of Kediri in buying and selling "nya nggowo, podho mlakune" based on high trust give birth to stronger customer loyalty, especially when traditional retailers also practice the service quality dimension of reliability, assurance, tangibles, empathy and responsiveness.Keywords: cultural dimensions, traditional retailers, siding marketing patterns