scholarly journals Hemp Growth Factors and Extraction Methods Effect on Antimicrobial Activity of Hemp Seed Oil: A Systematic Review

Separations ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 183
Author(s):  
Klaudia Ostapczuk ◽  
Samuel Obeng Apori ◽  
Giovani Estrada ◽  
Furong Tian
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Growth Factors ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Hemp Seed ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Seed Flour ◽  
Dpph Scavenging

The bioactive Hemp Seed Oil (HSO) is becoming very popular in the medical and research fields due to its antimicrobial properties against several diseases caused by bacteria and fungi. However, the effect of hemp-growing factors and extraction methods on the bioactivity of HSO does not receive adequate research attention. Therefore, this review aims to investigate the effect of growth factors and extraction methods on the antimicrobial activity of HSO. Articles were retrieved from Google Scholar and the Scopus database and screened against inclusion and exclusion criteria. The study revealed that HSO prefers warm climates and favorable humidity ranging from 20 to 39 °C and 79–100% per year, respectively, and rainfall of 324 mm daily. The multivariate linear regression shown excellent prediction (R2 = 0.94) with climates upon Zone of Growth Inhibition (ZGI) of Gram-positive bacteria. Temperature is the strongest predictor (p < 0.01) followed by humidity and rainfall (p < 0.05). Furthermore, well-drained loam soil rich in organic matter seems to stimulate the antimicrobial activity of HSO. The major constituents that influence HSO’s antimicrobial ability to Staphylococcus aureus were cannabidiol (CBD), β-caryophyllene, and limonene. The extraction methods showed less influence on the HSO bioactivity. HSO did not show significant antioxidant activity, but Hemp Seed Hull (HSH), Hemp Seed Flour (HSF), and Hydrolyzed Hemp Seed Protein (HPH), expressed promising DPPH scavenging ability.

scholarly journals Antioxidant, Antihypertensive and Antimicrobial Properties of Phenolic Compounds Obtained from Native Plants by Different Extraction Methods

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 2475
Author(s):  
Francisco Ramiro Boy ◽  
Rocío Casquete ◽  
Ana Martínez ◽  
María de Guía Córdoba ◽  
Santiago Ruíz-Moyano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Native Plants ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Ultra Sound ◽  
Antihypertensive Activity ◽  
Ultrasound Extraction ◽  
Rubus Ulmifolius ◽  
Cistus Salviifolius

This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of two methods (agitation and ultra-sound) for extracting phenolic compounds from 15 native plants. Plant species collected in the Dehesa of Extremadura were used. The antioxidant, antihypertensive and antimicrobial activity of the phenolic extracts was investigated. Significantly different results were obtained when comparing the two extraction methods, with the highest concentrations of phenolic compounds found for ultrasound extraction. In addition, the extracts obtained for Cistus albidus, Cistus salviifolius, Rubus ulmifolius and Quercus ilex showed the highest concentrations of phenolic compounds. The antioxidant activity was higher in the extracts of Cistus and Q. ilex obtained by ultrasound, as was the antihypertensive activity. Antimicrobial activity was also higher in the extracts obtained by ultrasound from C. salviifolius and Q. ilex plants against bacteria and from Cistus ladanifer against yeasts. Therefore, it can be concluded that, with the ultrasound extraction of phenolic compounds from C. ladanifer, C. albidus and Q. ilex plants, it is possible to obtain extracts with important functional properties, so they could be studied for their use in food with the aim of obtaining healthy and safe products, favouring the sustainability of the environment of the Dehesa Extremeña.

scholarly journals Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Properties of Cactus Pear (Opuntia) Seed Oils

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther Ramírez-Moreno ◽  
Raquel Cariño-Cortés ◽  
Nelly del Socorro Cruz-Cansino ◽  
Luis Delgado-Olivares ◽  
José Alberto Ariza-Ortega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Seed Oils ◽  
Cactus Pear

Seed oils from two Mexican varieties of cactus pear (green: Opuntia albicarpa and red: Opuntia ficus indica) were extracted with different solvents (hexane, ethanol, and ethyl acetate) to evaluate their antioxidant activity. The seed oil with higher antioxidant activity was selected to evaluate antimicrobial activity. The fatty acid profile was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Oil from green cactus pear seeds obtained with ethanol and ethyl acetate exhibited higher antioxidant activity (p<0.05) of 323 and 316 μmol TE/20 mg (p < 0.05), respectively, compared to red cactus pear seed oil (≈274 and 247 μmol TE/20 mg with ethyl acetate and ethanol, resp.). The oil obtained with ethanol and higher antioxidant activity was used to determine the antimicrobial activity. Both cactus pear oils produced a microbial inhibition zone in most of the microorganisms evaluated, particularly Saccharomyces cerevisiae which had similar diameter (38–40 mm). The oil fatty acids profiles of both varieties were similar and exhibited a high content of linoleic acid, while two fatty acids (linolenic and behenic) found in red cactus pear were not observed in the green variety.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial activity and physicochemical properties of Balanites aegyptiaca seed oil

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 450-453
Author(s):  
Abdalla Gobara Habieballa ◽  
Halima Elfadel Alebead ◽  
Madena Komi Koko ◽  
Awad Salim Ibrahim ◽  
Asha Fadllallah Wady
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Butylated Hydroxytoluene ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Balanites Aegyptiaca ◽  
Percentage Yield

This study was aimed to assess the antibacterial and antifungal activities of Balanites aegyptiaca seed oil and characterize the physicochemical properties. Seeds were collected from the local central market, Khartoum-Sudan (2019). The samples were dried under shade and grinded, then the oil was extracted with a Soxhlet extractor using n-hexane. The percentage yield of the extract was found to be 25.64%. The seed oil was tested against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (G-), Escherichia coli (G-), Bacillus subtilis (G+), Staphylococcus aureus (G+), and Candida albicans to assess their antimicrobial properties. The extract of B. aegyptiaca seed oil has antimicrobial activity against most of the organisms tested. The fatty acid profile of the B. aegyptiaca seed oil was analyzed by GC/MS. The results revealed that the presence of five fatty acids, including saturated linoleic acid, oleic acid, and unsaturated palmate and stearic acids, also a unique antioxidant compound butylated hydroxytoluene. The physiochemical properties of the seed oil showed that the oil contained kinetic viscosity (57 cp), density (0.917 g/cm3), refractive index (1.472), acid value (49.96 mg/kg), saponification value (248.75 mg/g), ester number (234.79 mg/kg) and peroxide number (0.02 mg/kg). Through physiochemical analysis, it was found that oil can be used for human consumption due to the percentage yield of unsaturated acids (81%). In addition, the results of the antioxidant activity of the seeds oil showed that the seed oil had moderate antioxidant activity.

scholarly journals Emergent Technologies for the Extraction of Antioxidants from Prickly Pear Peel and Their Antimicrobial Activity

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 570
Author(s):  
Elisabete M. C. Alexandre ◽  
Marta C. Coelho ◽  
Kardelen Ozcan ◽  
Carlos A. Pinto ◽  
José A. Teixeira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Total Phenolics ◽  
Ohmic Heating ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Prickly Pear ◽  
Emergent Technologies ◽  
Viable Cells ◽  
Thermal Extraction

Phenolic compounds are important bioactive compounds identified in prickly pear peel that have important antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. However, conventional thermal extraction methods may reduce their bioactivity, and technologies such as high pressure (HP) and ohmic heating (OH) may help preserve them. In this study, both technologies were analyzed, individually and combined (250/500 MPa; 40/70 °C; ethanol concentration 30/70%), and compared with Soxhlet with regard to total phenolics, flavonoids, and carotenoids as well as antioxidant (ABTS, DPPH, ORAC), DNA pro-oxidant, and antimicrobial (inhibition halos, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), growth curves, and viable cells) activities of prickly pear peel extracts. Total phenolics extracted by each technology increased 103% (OH) and 98% (HP) with regard to Soxhlet, but the contents of total flavonoids and carotenoids were similar. Antioxidant activity increased with HP and OH (between 35% and 63%), and OH (70 °C) did not induce DNA degradation. The phenolic compound present in higher amounts was piscidic acid, followed by eucomic acid and citrate. In general, their extraction was significantly favored by HP and OH. Antimicrobial activity against 7 types of bacteria showed effective results only against S. aureus, S. enteritidis, and B. cereus. No synergetic or additive effect was observed for HP/OH.

scholarly journals Optimization of Ultrasound Extraction of Cactus Pear(Opuntia ficus indica)Seed Oil Based on Antioxidant Activity and Evaluation of Its Antimicrobial Activity

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
María de los Angeles Ortega-Ortega ◽  
Nelly del Socorro Cruz-Cansino ◽  
Ernesto Alanís-García ◽  
Luis Delgado-Olivares ◽  
José Alberto Ariza-Ortega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Extraction Method ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Seed Oils ◽  
Cactus Pear ◽  
Ultrasound Extraction ◽  
Conventional Extraction ◽  
Amplitude Level

The purpose of the present study was to determine the optimal ultrasound conditions (amplitude level and time) for the extraction of cactus pear seed oil with the highest antioxidant activity using a closed system. Seed oil was analyzed for yield, antioxidant activity by ABTS and DPPH, and antimicrobial activity. Conventional extraction methods were assessed for comparison. Amplitude level significantly affected antioxidant activity in linear terms (p< 0.0001 DPPH andp< 0.001 ABTS, resp.) so, at lower amplitudes, the higher antioxidant activity was achieved. The optimum ultrasound extraction conditions were of 78% amplitude for 10 min and yielded antioxidant activity values of 66.25 mg AAE/100 g and 289 µmol TE/100 g for ABTS and DPPH, respectively. Compared with conventional extraction methods, ultrasound exhibited lower oil yield and antioxidant activity but had the potential to achieve comparable results if multiple ultrasound extractions are performed in the time needed by conventional methods. Seed oils showed similar antimicrobial activity despite the extraction method and were more effective againstEscherichia coli. The results demonstrated that ultrasound can be an alternative extraction method of seed oils from fruits such as cactus pear.

scholarly journals Genome Sequence of Paenibacillus polymyxa Strain HOB6, Isolated from Hemp Seed Oil

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (22) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohannad Mahmoud ◽  
Suha Jabaji
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Paenibacillus Polymyxa ◽  
Nonribosomal Peptides ◽  
Biosynthetic Pathways ◽  
Hemp Seed ◽  
Content Type

Paenibacillus polymyxa strain HOB6 was isolated from hemp seed oil. The strain displays antimicrobial activity against fungal pathogens and has potential for development as a biopesticide against cannabis diseases. Its genome was sequenced and annotated, uncovering the ability to encode the biosynthetic pathways for antimicrobial lanthipeptides and nonribosomal peptides.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activity of Chemically and Biologically Treated Chitosan Prepared from Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) Pupal Shell Waste

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 2417
Author(s):  
Mevin Kiprotich Lagat ◽  
Samuel Were ◽  
Francis Ndwigah ◽  
Violah Jepkogei Kemboi ◽  
Carolyne Kipkoech ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Chemical Extraction ◽  
Black Soldier Fly ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Pupal Exuviae ◽  
Chitin Extraction ◽  
Acid Producing Bacteria ◽  
Chitin And Chitosan

Globally, the broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity of chitin and chitosan has been widely documented. However, very little research attention has focused on chitin and chitosan extracted from black soldier fly pupal exuviae, which are abundantly present as byproducts from insect-farming enterprises. This study presents the first comparative analysis of chemical and biological extraction of chitin and chitosan from BSF pupal exuviae. The antibacterial activity of chitosan was also evaluated. For chemical extraction, demineralization and deproteinization were carried out using 1 M hydrochloric acid at 100 °C for 2 h and 1 M NaOH for 4 h at 100 °C, respectively. Biological chitin extraction was carried out by protease-producing bacteria and lactic-acid-producing bacteria for protein and mineral removal, respectively. The extracted chitin was converted to chitosan via deacetylation using 40% NaOH for 8 h at 100 °C. Chitin characterization was done using FTIR spectroscopy, while the antimicrobial properties were determined using the disc diffusion method. Chemical and biological extraction gave a chitin yield of 10.18% and 11.85%, respectively. A maximum chitosan yield of 6.58% was achieved via chemical treatment. From the FTIR results, biological and chemical chitin showed characteristic chitin peaks at 1650 and 1550 cm−1—wavenumbers corresponding to amide I stretching and amide II bending, respectively. There was significant growth inhibition for Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans when subjected to 2.5 and 5% concentrations of chitosan. Our findings demonstrate that chitosan from BSF pupal exuviae could be a promising and novel therapeutic agent for drug development against resistant strains of bacteria.

Nano Approach

2020 ◽  
pp. 205-241
Author(s):  
Arghya Chakravorty ◽  
Gulzar Ahmed Rather ◽  
Aarif Ali ◽  
Basharat Ahmad Bhat ◽  
Siva Sankar Sana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
The United States ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Ethical Challenges ◽  
Food Material ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Daily Food ◽  
Nano Medicine ◽  
Nano Formulation

The mortality rate for infectious diseases in India, in 2017, was 416.75 per 100,000 persons, which is two times more than the United States of America due to multi-drug resistant pathogens and many more social and ethical challenges. Nano formulates are an alternative, eco-friendly solution. Nano medicine development from different food material is one of the fastest growing research fields. The nano formulated phytochemicals of spices can solve the delivery issues and even shows antimicrobial properties against multi-drug-resistant microorganisms as well as through Indian daily food. In this chapter, the recent research approaches in antimicrobial activity of nano formulation of different Indian spices and active phytochemicals of spices are comprehensively discussed. The most common methods for antimicrobial determination and the minimum inhibitory concentration of modified materials are also enlisted. The size of any nano material usually is 1 to 100 nanometers. Different nano formulates of different spices show antimicrobial activity against different pathogens.

scholarly journals Preliminary evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of different Hermetia illucens larvae extracts for application as a cosmetic ingredient

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Cíntia Almeida ◽  
Daniel Murta ◽  
Rui Nunes ◽  
André Rolim Baby ◽  
Patrícia Rijo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Lipid Fraction ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Hermetia Illucens ◽  
Crude Extracts ◽  
High Lipid ◽  
High Concentrations

The cosmetic industry is continually searching for innovative ingredients, and there is a current trend in sourcing materials of natural origin. The Hermetia illucens (Linnaeus) larvae biomass is a potential source of compounds with applicability in cosmetics due to its high lipid, protein, and polysaccharide content. High concentrations of lauric acid, also known for also having antimicrobial properties, may be obtained from the lipid fraction. Additionally, these larvae are known to have a well-developed immune system, surviving in decomposition habitats, and can be induced to produce antimicrobial peptides (AMP's). These substances could be probed as alternative preservatives in cosmetics, as consumers are often concerned with the safety of conventional preservatives, such as parabens. The present study conducted a preliminary assessment of the antimicrobial activity of the crude extracts obtained from different extraction methods and extraction solvents against four microorganisms (Gram-positive and negative bacteria and yeasts). The use of diluted extracts did not show relevant inhibition of the growth of the tested microorganisms compared to the positive controls. Further assays are foreseen to test the antimicrobial activity of compounds or fractions isolated from the crude extracts.

Disinfection of Fruits with Activated Water

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 1864-1872
Author(s):  
Prof. Teodora P. Popova
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
The Other ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
High Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Number Of Microorganisms ◽  
Lower Effect

The effect of ionized aqueous solutions (anolytes and catholyte) in the processing of fruits (cherries, morellos, and strawberries) for decontamination has been tested. Freshly prepared analytes and catholyte without the addition of salts were used, as well as stored for 7 months anolytes, prepared with 0.5% NaCl and a combination of 0.5% NaCl and 0.5% Na2CO3. The anolyte prepared with a combination of 0.5% NaCl and 0.5% Na2CO3, as well as the anolyte obtained with 0.5% NaCl, exhibit high antimicrobial activity against the surface microflora of strawberries, cherries, and sour cherries. They inactivate E. coli for 15 minutes. The other species of the fam. Enterobacteriaceae were also affected to the maximum extent, as is the total number of microorganisms, especially in cherries and sour cherries. Even stored for 7 months, they largely retain their antimicrobial properties. Anolyte and catholyte, obtained without the addition of salts, showed a lower effect on the total number of microorganisms, but had a significant effect on Gram-negative bacteria, and especially with regard to the sanitary indicative E. coli.

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