Spatiotemporal Evolution Patterns of “Production-Living-Ecological” Spaces and the Coordination Level and Optimization of the Functions in Jilin Province

The coordinated development of the territorial spatial pattern and its function is an important prerequisite for the realization of regional high-quality development. This paper aims to reveal the evolutionary characteristics of the spatial–temporal pattern and the coupling coordination level of the “production-living-ecological” spaces (PLES) in Jilin Province from 1998 to 2018 by using the entropy method, a coupling coordination model and spatial analysis methods, and proposes the optimization paths for the four regions of the province. The results indicate that the scale of the ecological space was the largest, mainly concentrated in the eastern region. The production space was mainly concentrated in the central and western regions, and the scale of the living space was the smallest, but increased slightly, mainly concentrated in the central regions. The PLE functions in every county and city are at the coupling coordination levels of mild and moderate imbalance. Eastern Jilin should take the ecological function as the lead, and should improve the production and living functions; Central Jilin should maintain the production and living functions and improve the ecological function; Western Jilin should strengthen ecological restoration and accelerate the transformation and development of the green production function. This study can provide references for the optimization of the provincial territorial space layout in order to improve the regional territorial space coordination and sustainable development.

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Concentration of Healthcare Resources in China: The Spatial–Temporal Evolution and Its Spatial Drivers

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph16234606 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (23) ◽

pp. 4606 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Guo ◽

Luo

Keyword(s):

Economic Development ◽

Population Size ◽

Temporal Evolution ◽

Driving Forces ◽

Entropy Method ◽

Eastern Region ◽

Policy Recommendations ◽

Healthcare Resources ◽

Central Regions ◽

Fiscal Expenditure

This paper estimated and evaluated the spatial–temporal evolution of the concentration of healthcare resources (HCRs), in 31 provinces in China between 2004 and 2017, by using the entropy method. The spatial Durbin model (SDM) was used to further analyze the mechanisms behind the spatial driving forces at the national and regional levels. The findings revealed that: (i) The concentration of HCRs differed significantly among eastern, central, and western regions. The eastern, followed by the central region, had the highest concentration. Going east to west, the concentration of HCRs in the first echelon decreased, while it increased in the second and third echelons; (ii) places with higher concentrations clustered, while those with lower concentrations agglomerated; and (iii) economic development, population size, and urbanization promoted concentration. Education facilitated HCR concentration in the eastern and central regions, income stimulated HCR concentration in the eastern and western regions, and fiscal expenditure on healthcare promoted HCR concentration in the eastern region. Economic development inhibited HCR concentration in neighboring regions, population size restrained HCR concentration in neighboring areas in the western region, urbanization and income curbed HCR concentration in neighboring areas in the eastern and western regions, and fiscal expenditure on healthcare hindered HCR concentration in neighboring areas in the eastern region. Policy recommendations were proposed toward optimizing allocation of healthcare resources, increasing support for healthcare and education, and accelerating urbanization.

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How tourism industry agglomeration improves tourism economic efficiency?

Tourism Economics ◽

10.1177/13548166211009116 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 135481662110091

Author(s):

Zhoufei Li ◽

Huiyue Liu

Keyword(s):

Positive Impact ◽

Regional Analysis ◽

Tourism Industry ◽

Scale Efficiency ◽

Eastern Region ◽

Location Quotient ◽

Industry Agglomeration ◽

Central Regions ◽

National Perspective ◽

The Impact

The agglomeration of the tourism industry has important effects on its efficiency. This article used panel data on the Chinese provincial tourism industry for the 2011–2016 period, applied the location quotient index and three-stage data envelopment analysis method to, respectively, measure the degree of agglomeration and efficiency, and explained the impact of agglomeration on tourism efficiency. The empirical results of this study indicate the following. (1) China’s tourism industry shows a trend towards agglomeration, revealing gradient differences where the highest degree of agglomeration is in the eastern region, followed by the western and central regions. (2) After eliminating random and environmental factors, the adjusted efficiencies are lower than the unadjusted efficiencies. The average overall tourism efficiency is higher in the eastern region than in the central and western regions. (3) From the national perspective, industrial agglomeration can significantly improve the overall efficiency (TE), pure technical efficiency (PTE), and scale efficiency of the tourism industry. (4) Based on regional analysis, the agglomeration of the eastern tourism industry can significantly enhance its TE and PTE. Agglomeration for the western area has a significant positive impact on PTE. There is no significant relationship between agglomeration and efficiency in the central region.

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Research on Spatiotemporal Differentiation and Influence Mechanism of Urban Resilience in China Based on MGWR Model

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18031056 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

pp. 1056

Author(s):

Yu Chen ◽

Mengke Zhu ◽

Qian Zhou ◽

Yurong Qiao

Keyword(s):

Spatial Heterogeneity ◽

Spatial Correlation ◽

Spatial Data ◽

Central Area ◽

Urban System ◽

Entropy Method ◽

Driving Factors ◽

Spatial Data Analysis ◽

Eastern Region ◽

Urban Resilience

Urban resilience in the context of COVID-19 epidemic refers to the ability of an urban system to resist, absorb, adapt and recover from danger in time to hedge its impact when confronted with external shocks such as epidemic, which is also a capability that must be strengthened for urban development in the context of normal epidemic. Based on the multi-dimensional perspective, entropy method and exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA) are used to analyze the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of urban resilience of 281 cities of China from 2011 to 2018, and MGWR model is used to discuss the driving factors affecting the development of urban resilience. It is found that: (1) The urban resilience and sub-resilience show a continuous decline in time, with no obvious sign of convergence, while the spatial agglomeration effect shows an increasing trend year by year. (2) The spatial heterogeneity of urban resilience is significant, with obvious distribution characteristics of “high in east and low in west”. Urban resilience in the east, the central and the west are quite different in terms of development structure and spatial correlation. The eastern region is dominated by the “three-core driving mode”, and the urban resilience shows a significant positive spatial correlation; the central area is a “rectangular structure”, which is also spatially positively correlated; The western region is a “pyramid structure” with significant negative spatial correlation. (3) The spatial heterogeneity of the driving factors is significant, and they have different impact scales on the urban resilience development. The market capacity is the largest impact intensity, while the infrastructure investment is the least impact intensity. On this basis, this paper explores the ways to improve urban resilience in China from different aspects, such as market, technology, finance and government.

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Comprehensive Evaluation of the Provincial Sustainable Tourismization Level in China and Its Temporal and Spatial Differences

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su131810475 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (18) ◽

pp. 10475

Author(s):

Yuwei He ◽

Hui Zhang

Keyword(s):

Regional Differences ◽

Comprehensive Evaluation ◽

Temporal Distribution ◽

Entropy Method ◽

Evaluation Index System ◽

Three Dimensions ◽

Theil Index ◽

Eastern Region ◽

Development Mode ◽

Policy And Strategy

Sustainable tourismization is a favorable development mode and pathway for the promotion of the coordinated development of the economy, society, and ecology. Based on the connotations of tourismization, a comprehensive evaluation index system of sustainable tourismization was constructed. This system consists of three dimensions: consumption tourismization, spatial tourismization, and industrial tourismization. The level, spatial, and temporal distribution characteristics, and differences in sustainable tourismization among China’s provinces from 2009 to 2018 were measured and analyzed using the improved entropy method, the Theil index, a spatial autocorrelation analysis, and other methods. It was found that the level of provincial sustainable tourismization in China has steadily increased over time, with the eastern region taking the lead. The overall differences and inter-regional differences in terms of the provincial sustainable tourismization level have generally decreased year-by-year. The intraregional differences within the eastern region were found to be the largest, and the rate of contribution of inter-regional differences to overall differences was shown to decrease gradually, while the rate of contribution of intraregional differences within the western region increased gradually. A positive spatial correlation in the provincial sustainable tourismization level was identified, and the spatial agglomeration effect showed an increasing trend. The spatial dependence was mainly characterized by “high–high” (HH) agglomeration, showing a ladder difference of “higher in the east and lower in the west”. The results of this study were used to identify where emphasis should be placed in terms of policy and strategy.

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The Food and Growth of the Maskinonge (Esox masquinongy Mitchill) in Canadian Waters

Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada ◽

10.1139/f50-024 ◽

1952 ◽

Vol 8c (5) ◽

pp. 347-368 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Alan S. Hourston

Keyword(s):

Yellow Perch ◽

Fork Length ◽

The Other ◽

Western Region ◽

Eastern Region ◽

Weight Relationship ◽

Straight Line ◽

Central Regions ◽

The Western Region ◽

St Lawrence River

Maskinonge from three regions were studied: the Lake of the Woods district in Ontario (called Western); the Kawartha Lakes and Georgian Bay district in Ontario (Central) and the St. Lawrence River district in Quebec (Eastern). Examination of 202 stomachs, 81 containing food, showed the maskinonge to be a general carnivore, preying mainly on fish over 150 mm. in length. The families Percidae, Catostomidae, Ameiuridae, Centrarchidae, Hiodontidae, Esocidae and Cyprinidae were represented, along with at least one Cambarus. The yellow perch, Perca flavescens, was the species eaten most frequently in all three regions. A common white sucker (Catostomus commersonnii) was found in a stomach of the hybrid E. masquinongy × E. lucius. Examination of the teeth of each specimen showed that they were being continuously replaced throughout the summer season.Rate of growth varied with sex and locality. Females had a significantly faster rate of growth, both in length and in weight, than did males. Maskinonge from the Western Region were shorter and weighed less than fish of the same age from the other two regions. Maskinonge of the Eastern and Central Regions reached the legal size of 30 inches fork length during their fifth summer, but in the Western Region they did not attain this size until their seventh summer. The length-weight relationship appears to be the same in the Eastern and Central Regions, whereas maskinonge from the Western Region tended to be heavier than those of comparable lengths from the other two regions. In all regions the length-weight relationship was a straight line when plotted logarithmically, its slope being estimated as 3.26 in the Eastern Region. Sexual maturity occurs first between the ages of three and six years, or about 575 to 800 mm. fork length. Specimens of a E. masquinongy × E. lucius hybrid appeared to be infertile. They did not differ from the maskinonge specimens in their length-weight relationships but made faster growth than did the maskinonge from the same region.

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Epidemiology of Syphilis and Gonorrhoea in Eastern Poland in the Years 1988-1997

International Journal of STD & AIDS ◽

10.1258/0956462991913114 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 10 (10) ◽

pp. 680-684 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

B Chodynicka ◽

A B Serwin ◽

M Janczy/lo-Jankowska ◽

M A Waugh

Keyword(s):

Soviet Union ◽

Former Soviet Union ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

Eastern Region ◽

Sexually Transmitted ◽

Border Regions ◽

Early Syphilis ◽

Central Regions ◽

Sexual Contacts ◽

Casual Contact

Because of the sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) epidemic in the former Soviet Union and the possibility of a rise in early syphilis and gonorrhoea in the eastern region of Poland it seemed important to calculate the incidence rates for early syphilis and gonorrhoea for 3 border regions (east, west and south) and the central part of the country in the last 10 years. In addition, data were analysed on patients and their sexual partners (from Poland and abroad), and the country where the contact took place obtained from 14 Provincial Skin-VD Out-Patients’ Clinics of eastern Poland. The results from 1988/89 and 1996/97 were compared. It was shown that early syphilis morbidity signi® cantly decreased in western and southern Poland, fell in the central part and rose in the east slightly. Gonorrhoea morbidity signi® cantly decreased in all regions. However, the number of provinces with early syphilis and gonorrhoea incidence rates in the 1990s of the same value or higher than in the 1980s, or of the whole of Poland clearly increased in eastern and central regions. The early syphilis and gonorrhoea morbidity in east Poland in the 1990s in relation to 1980s was marked by significant increase in the percentage of the foreigners treated (12.2 vs 1.8, P≤0.001 for early syphilis, and 10.0 vs 2.3, P≤0.001 for gonorrhoea) and in sexual contacts with foreigners reported by Polish patients (23.7 vs 0.8, P≤0.01 for early syphilis and 17.7 vs 4.3, P≤0.01 for gonorrhoea). Of the foreign contacts reported in 1996/97 by early syphilis and gonorrhoea patients, 60.4% and 82.2%, respectively, were casual. Contact with foreigners took place, mainly, in the former Soviet Union. The study illustrates that there may be a danger of an increase in the incidence of syphilis and gonorrhoea in Poland due to the epidemics in the neighbouring countries.

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Analysis on Spatial and Temporal Evolution Characteristics of National Land Structure of the Lanzhou-Xining Urban Agglomeration in the Upper Reaches of the Yellow River

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202129301014 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 293 ◽

pp. 01014

Author(s):

Xiaoying Nie ◽

Kaiming Li ◽

Wanzhuang Huang ◽

Xin Li

Keyword(s):

Agricultural Production ◽

Temporal Evolution ◽

Yellow River ◽

Land Utilization ◽

Rural Living ◽

Process Characteristics ◽

Living Space ◽

Urban Construction ◽

Production Space ◽

Land Space

Based on the land utilization data of the Lanzhou-Xining urban agglomerations in 2000, 2005, 2010 and 2015, using the methods of transfer matrix, the paper makes a quantitative analysis of the spatial and temporal evolution process, characteristics and laws of various types of national land space from 2000 to 2015. The results are as follows. 1) Urban construction space, industrial and mining construction space and rural living space continued to increase, while agricultural production space showed a decreasing trend, and green ecological space and other ecological space showed an overall increasing trend from 2000 to 2015. 2) The characteristics of national land space transfer are as follows: the transition is relatively active from 2000 to 2005 and from 2010 to 2015, mainly from green ecological space and agricultural production space to urban construction space, rural living space and industrial and mining construction space.

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An Empirical Study on Scientific Research Performance of Universities in Different Regions of China Based on PCA and Malmquist Index Method

Education Research International ◽

10.1155/2021/9699640 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Cun-Yang Xia ◽

Ze-Hui Yuan ◽

Wen-Yu He ◽

Ju-Hui Zhao

Keyword(s):

Research Performance ◽

Malmquist Index ◽

Scientific Research ◽

Principal Component ◽

Development Trend ◽

Entropy Method ◽

Evaluation Index System ◽

Eastern Region ◽

Index Method ◽

Output Efficiency

This paper uses principal component analysis (PCA) and entropy method to construct the evaluation index system of the scientific research performance of universities in 31 provinces and cities in China. Based on the traditional DEA model, the development trend of the scientific research performance of the research objects from 2015 to 2019 is dynamically evaluated by the Malmquist index method. The results show that the scientific research performance of universities in various regions of China is not ideal, and the level of scientific research performance is declining. The total factor productivity of scientific research in the central and western regions is much higher than that in the eastern region. The main factor that hinders the improvement of scientific research performance is the efficiency of technological progress. Finally, aiming at the existing problems, some feasible suggestions are put forward to further improve the input-output efficiency of scientific research in universities.

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The Study on the Residential Space in Culture-led Urban Regeneration: a case study of Residential Space in Henan

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/20197901005 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 79 ◽

pp. 01005

Author(s):

Dan-Dan Fan ◽

Se-Hwa Kim

Keyword(s):

Urban Regeneration ◽

Henan Province ◽

Design Solution ◽

Cultural Resources ◽

Living Space ◽

Space Pattern ◽

Residential Culture ◽

Suitable Space ◽

Space Layout ◽

Residential Space

The concept of culture-led urban regeneration is one design solution for restoring urban vitality and re-creating urban culture based on the tangible and intangible cultural resources of the city. As an important part of culture, residential culture is changing with the development of society. Literature shows that there are still deficiencies in the study of residential culture in culture-led urban regeneration. This study tried to find the cultural identity and belonging in the residential space in one hand, create a suitable space layout in the other hand. The living space pattern of traditional and modern is summarized. The cultural characteristics of Henan province have been abstract and offering the basis of the improvement solution for living space from the perspective of cultural. This study offered the reference to the culture-led urban regeneration of Henan province.

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Regional Inequality of Firms’ Export Opportunity in China: Geographical Location and Economic Openness

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12010009 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 9

Author(s):

Peixin Li ◽

Lixia Li ◽

Xueliang Zhang

Keyword(s):

Eastern China ◽

Geographical Location ◽

Western China ◽

Western Region ◽

Eastern Region ◽

Land Area ◽

Economic Openness ◽

Productivity Level ◽

Central Regions ◽

Obvious Inequality

China has a large land area and uneven regional development. There are significant disparities between the three belts (eastern, central, and western China), with the eastern region being the most developed and the western region the least developed. Considering that export is regarded as one of the troikas for China’s economic growth and firms are the basic entities engaged in trade activities, we examine whether there exists inequality of firms’ export opportunity between the three regions. We find that the critical productivity level of firms’ export in developed eastern China is significantly lower than that of western and central regions. Our results indicate that firms in eastern China are more likely to export and there is an obvious inequality of firms’ exporting opportunities.

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