Removal of Ciprofloxacin with Aluminum-Pillared Kaolin Sodium Alginate Beads (CA-Al-KABs): Kinetics, Isotherms, and BBD Model

In recent years, the problem of water pollution caused by antibiotics has attracted wide attention. The common use of antibiotics represents a threat to both human health and environmental safety. The modification of kaolin clay is promising due to its high efficiency, easy operation, and low cost. In this study, a novel material, aluminum-pillared kaolin sodium alginate beads (CA-Al-KABs), was synthesized by gelling and solidification processes. The structure and chemical properties were characterized by various analytical methods. The influencing factors (such as adsorbent dosage, contacting time, pH, ion strength, temperature, and initial concentration) and adsorption mechanism of ciprofloxacin (CIP) were studied. Furthermore, adsorption kinetics, adsorption isotherms, and a Box–Behnken design (BBD) model were conducted. Moreover, CA-Al-KABs’ adsorption efficiency towards other antibiotics were also evaluated. The adsorption experiments showed that the acidic environment (pH = 4) was more favorable for the adsorption of ciprofloxacin. The adsorption kinetics of ciprofloxacin by CA-Al-KABs microspheres were confirmed to be more suitable with the pseudo-first-order kinetics model. The Langmuir isotherm model showed that the maximum adsorption capacity of CA-Al-KABs microspheres to ciprofloxacin was 68.36 mg/g at 308.15 K. The adsorption driving force of CIP near CA-Al-KABs may be the electrostatic attraction. Further, CIP could also form complexes with Ca2+ and Al—Al—OH on CA-Al-KABs, and thus CIP was attracted to the adsorbent. Adsorption thermodynamics showed that the adsorption process was exothermic, feasible, and spontaneous. In addition, the adsorption performance on other antibiotics indicated CA-Al-KABs’ broad application in the treatment of antibiotic wastewater.

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Application of treated eggplant peel as a low-cost adsorbent for water treatment toward elimination of Pb2+: Kinetic modeling and isotherm study

Adsorption Science & Technology ◽

10.1177/0263617417753784 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 36 (3-4) ◽

pp. 1112-1143 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Mohammad Hossein Karimi Darvanjooghi ◽

Seyyed Mohammadreza Davoodi ◽

Arzu Y Dursun ◽

Mohammad Reza Ehsani ◽

Iman Karimpour ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Contact Time ◽

Low Cost ◽

Standard Free Energy ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Entropy Change ◽

Batch Adsorption ◽

Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽

Standard Entropy ◽

Adsorption Parameters ◽

Adsorbent Dose

In this study, treated eggplant peel was used as an adsorbent to remove Pb2+ from aqueous solution. For this purpose batch adsorption experiments were performed for investigating the effect of contact time, pH, adsorbent dose, solute concentrations, and temperature. In order to assess adsorbent’s physical and chemical properties, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy were used. The results showed that the adsorption parameters for reaching maximum removal were found to be contact time of 110 min, adsorbent dose of 0.01 g/ml, initial lead(II) concentration of 70 ppm, pH of 4, and temperature of 25°C. Moreover, for the experiments carried out at pH > 4 the removal occurred by means of significant precipitation as well as adsorption. Furthermore, these results indicated that the adsorption followed pseudo-second-order kinetics model implying that during the adsorption process strong bond between lead(II) and chemical functional groups of adsorbent surface took place. The process was described by Langmuir model (R2 = 0.99; maximum adsorption capacity 88.33 mg/g). Also thermodynamics of adsorption was studied at various temperatures and the thermodynamic parameters including equilibrium constant (K), standard enthalpy change, standard entropy change, and standard free energy changes were obtained from experimental data.

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Preparation of Hydrated Calcium Silicate Gel and its Adsorption Properties for Cu(II)

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.993.1445 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 993 ◽

pp. 1445-1449

Author(s):

Shi Jie Liu ◽

Su Ping Cui ◽

Hong Xia Guo ◽

Ya Li Wang ◽

Nan Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Calcium Silicate ◽

High Efficiency ◽

Removal Rate ◽

Low Cost ◽

Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Adsorption Method ◽

Hydrated Calcium Silicate ◽

Adsorption Performance ◽

Optimum Reaction

Calcium silicate hydrate gel (CSH) was synthesized by calcium acetate and sodium silicate. The structure and morphology of CSH were characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Scanning electron microscopy. The adsorption performance of CSH was measured by static adsorption method. The results show that CSH has porous structure and large specific surface area, and the optimum reaction conditions is the reaction temperature of 25°C and calcium-silicon ratio of 1.2. It has the maximum adsorption capacity of more than 150 mg/g and the removal rate of more than 86% with Cu2+. And it shows the excellent adsorption performance, even when the concentration of Cu2+ is less than 200mg/L, the removal rate is above 90%. The research may provide a low-cost and high-efficiency adsorbent.

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New Activated Carbon from Mine Coal for Adsorption of Dye in Simulated Water or Multiple Heavy Metals in Real Wastewater

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma13112498 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (11) ◽

pp. 2498 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Marwa Elkady ◽

Hassan Shokry ◽

Hesham Hamad

Keyword(s):

Activated Carbon ◽

Nitric Acid ◽

Metal Ions ◽

Low Cost ◽

Dye Adsorption ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Batch Adsorption ◽

Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Multiple Heavy Metals

Nano-activated carbon (NAC) prepared from El-Maghara mine coal were modified with nitric acid solution. Their physico-chemical properties were investigated in terms of methylene blue (MB) adsorption, FTIR, and metal adsorption. Upon oxidation of the ACS with nitric acid, surface oxide groups were observed in the FTIR spectra by absorption peaks at 1750–1250 cm−1. The optimum processes parameters include HNO3/AC ratio (wt./wt.) of 20, oxidation time of 2 h, and the concentration of HNO3 of 10% reaching the maximum adsorption capacity of MB dye. Also, the prepared NAC was characterized by SEM, EDX, TEM, Raman Spectroscopy, and BET analyses. The batch adsorption of MB dye from solution was used for monitoring the behavior of the most proper produced NAC. Equilibrium isotherms of MB dye adsorption on NAC materials were acquired and the results discussed in relation to their surface chemistry. Langmuir model recorded the best interpretation of the dye adsorption data. Also, NAC was evaluated for simultaneous adsorption of six different metal ions (Fe2+, Ni2+, Mn2+, Pb2+, Cu2+, and Zn2+) that represented contaminates in petrochemical industrial wastewater. The results indicated that the extracted NAC from El-Maghara mine coal is considered as an efficient low-cost adsorbent material for remediation in both basic dyes and metal ions from the polluted solutions.

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Adsorption of Cr(VI) and Cu(II) from aqueous solutions by biochar derived from Chaenomeles sinensis seed

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2020.036 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 80 (12) ◽

pp. 2260-2272 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Xiaoling Hu ◽

Jianyang Song ◽

Hongyu Wang ◽

Wei Zhang ◽

Bin Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metal ◽

High Efficiency ◽

Low Cost ◽

Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽

Heavy Metal Remediation ◽

Chaenomeles Sinensis ◽

Wide Ph Range ◽

Different Temperatures ◽

Isotherms And Thermodynamics ◽

Ph Range

Abstract In order to utilize the discarded Chaenomeles sinensis seed (CSS) and develop low-cost biochar for heavy metal pollution control, this study pyrolyzed CSS to prepare biochar at three different temperatures (300, 450 and 600 °C). The physicochemical properties of CSS biochar such as elemental composition, surface area, surface morphology and surface functional groups were characterized. Its adsorption properties including kinetics, isotherms and thermodynamics were studied. The results showed that the adsorption equilibrium was reached at 5 h, which was relatively fast. CSS biochar prepared at 450 °C (CSS450) had the maximum adsorption capacity for Cr(VI) and Cu(II), which was 93.19 mg/g and 105.12 mg/g, respectively. The thermodynamic parameter ΔG0 < 0 and the isotherm parameter RL between 0 and 1 all revealed the feasibility and spontaneity of the adsorption process. The removal of Cr(VI) exhibited high efficiency in a wide pH range (1–10), while the removal of Cu(II) was pH-dependent and optimal at pH = 6. The coexisting ions in the solution showed slight inhibition of the adsorption of Cr(VI) and Cu(II). Additionally, Cu(II) exhibited better affinity for CSS450 than Cr(VI) in dynamic adsorption. This is the first study to prepare biochar from CSS and confirms its potential application for heavy metal remediation.

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Functionalized Porous Nanoscale Fe3O4 Particles Supported Biochar From Peanut Shell For Pb(II) Ions Removal From Landscape Wastewater

10.21203/rs.3.rs-981230/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Xiaojun Jin ◽

Renrong Liu ◽

Huifang Wang ◽

Li Han ◽

Muqing Qiu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metal ◽

High Efficiency ◽

Adsorption Process ◽

Low Cost ◽

Agricultural Waste ◽

Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽

Complexation Reaction ◽

Order Kinetic ◽

Peanut Shell ◽

Adsorption Mechanisms

Abstract The large amounts of heavy metal from landscape wastewater have become serious problems of environmental pollution and risks for human health. It affects the growth of plant and aquatic, and leads to the destruction of landscape. Therefore, the development of efficient novel adsorbent is a very important for treatment of heavy metal. A low-cost and easily obtained agricultural waste (Peanut Shell) was modified by nanoscale Fe3O4 particles. Then, the functionalized porous nanoscale Fe3O4 particles supported biochar from peanut shell (PS-Fe3O4) for removal of Pb(II) ions from aqueous solution was investigated. The characterization of PS-Fe3O4 composites showed that PS from peanut shell was successfully coated with porous nanoscale Fe3O4 particles. The pseudo second-order kinetic model and Langmuir model were more fitted for describing the adsorption process of Pb(II) ions in solution. The maximum adsorption capacity of Pb(II) ions removal in solution by PS-Fe3O4 composites could reach 188.68 mg/g. The adsorption process of Pb(II) ions removal by PS-Fe3O4 composites was a spontaneous and endothermic process. The adsorption mechanisms of Pb(II) ions by PS-Fe3O4 composites were mainly controlled by the chemical adsorption process. They included Fe-O coordination reaction, co-precipitation, complexation reaction and ion exchange. PS-Fe3O4 composites were thought as a low-cost, good regeneration performance and high efficiency adsorption material for removal of Pb(II) ions in solution.

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Removal of Pb(II) Ions from Aqueous Solutions by Spherical Nanocomposites Synthesized Through Immobilization of Paecilomyces lilacinus in Silica Nanoparticles Coated with Ca-Alginate

Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology ◽

10.1166/jnn.2020.17349 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 1907-1916

Author(s):

Xiaofang Ruan ◽

Ruyi Li ◽

Zhexu Ding ◽

Jun Luo ◽

Qilin Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Solution ◽

Silica Nanoparticles ◽

Adsorption Capacity ◽

High Efficiency ◽

Adsorption Process ◽

Freundlich Isotherm ◽

Alginate Beads ◽

Paecilomyces Lilacinus ◽

Isotherm Models ◽

Maximum Adsorption Capacity

In the present study, a novel microbial nanocomposite “Paecilomyces lilacinus-silica nanoparticlescalcium-alginate beads” (P. lilacinus-SN-Cal-Alg) were synthesized and their high efficiency for removing Pb(II) ions was demonstrated in aqueous solution. P. lilacinus-SN-Cal-Alg beads before and after the adsorption of Pb(II) were characterized by FT-IR, SEM-EDS, and XPS analyses. The adsorption capacity of Pb(II) by P. lilacinus-SN-Cal-Alg beads was analyzed in aqueous solution. For comparison, the adsorption capacity of Pb(II) by another type of microbial composites, namely, P. lilacinus-Cal-Alg beads, without addition of silica nanoparticles, was also studied in parallel. Lastly, the equilibrium data in adsorption process were examined by both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models to evaluate adsorption mechanism. The results showed that an excellent removal efficiency of Pb(II) in aqueous solution (85.54%) was obtained at initial concentration of 200 mg/L by using the P. lilacinus-SN-Cal-Alg beads. Meanwhile, they exhibited the better adsorption capacity for Pb(II) than P. lilacinus-Cal-Alg beads. The adsorption process by P. lilacinus-SN-Cal-Alg beads was best described by the Langmuir model indicating that monolayer adsorption of Pb(II) ions takes place on the beads surfaces and showed that its maximum adsorption capacity was 282.49 mg/g.

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Facile preparation and highly efficient sorption of magnetic composite graphene oxide/Fe3O4/GC for uranium removal

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-86768-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Aili Yang ◽

Zhijun Wang ◽

Yukuan Zhu

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Solution ◽

Graphene Oxide ◽

Adsorption Capacity ◽

High Efficiency ◽

Removal Rate ◽

Low Cost ◽

Hydrothermal Carbonization ◽

Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽

Magnetic Composite ◽

Order Kinetic

AbstractIn this work, we reported for the first time a novel magnetic composite graphene oxide/Fe3O4/glucose-COOH (GO/Fe3O4/GC) that was facilely prepared from glucose through the hydrothermal carbonization and further combination with graphene oxide (GO). The chemical and structural properties of the samples were investigated. By the batch uranium adsorption experiments, the magnetic composite GO/Fe3O4/GC exhibits an excellent adsorption performance and fast solid–liquid separation for uranium from aqueous solution. GO/Fe3O4/GC (the maximum adsorption capacity (Qm) was 390.70 mg g−1) exhibited excellent adsorption capacity and higher removal rate (> 99%) for U(VI) than those of glucose-COOH (GC) and magnetic GC (MGC). The effect of the coexisting ions, such as Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, and Al3+, on the U(VI) removal efficiency of GO/Fe3O4/GC was examined. The equilibrium sorption and sorption rate for the as-prepared adsorbents well fit the Langmuir model and pseudo second-order kinetic model, respectively. The thermodynamic parameters (ΔH0 = 11.57 kJ mol−1 and ΔG0 < 0) for GO/Fe3O4/GC indicate that the sorption process of U(VI) was exothermic and spontaneous. Thus, this research provides a facile strategy for the preparation of the magnetic composite with low cost, high efficiency and fast separation for the U(VI) removal from aqueous solution.

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Progress towards High-Efficiency and Stable Tin-Based Perovskite Solar Cells

Energies ◽

10.3390/en13195092 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (19) ◽

pp. 5092 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Syed Afaq Ali Shah ◽

Muhammad Hassan Sayyad ◽

Karim Khan ◽

Kai Guo ◽

Fei Shen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Solar Cells ◽

High Performance ◽

High Efficiency ◽

Low Cost ◽

Perovskite Solar Cells ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Group Iv ◽

Absorbing Layer ◽

The Stability ◽

Stability Issues

Since its invention in 2009, Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has attracted great attention because of its low cost, numerous options of efficiency enhancement, ease of manufacturing and high-performance. Within a short span of time, the PSC has already outperformed thin-film and multicrystalline silicon solar cells. A current certified efficiency of 25.2% demonstrates that it has the potential to replace its forerunner generations. However, to commercialize PSCs, some problems need to be addressed. The toxic nature of lead which is the major component of light absorbing layer, and inherited stability issues of fabricated devices are the major hurdles in the industrialization of this technology. Therefore, new researching areas focus on the lead-free metal halide perovskites with analogous optical and photovoltaic performances. Tin being nontoxic and as one of group IV(A) elements, is considered as the most suitable alternate for lead because of their similarities in chemical properties. Efficiencies exceeding 13% have been recorded using Tin halide perovskite based devices. This review summarizes progress made so far in this field, mainly focusing on the stability and photovoltaic performances. Role of different cations and their composition on device performances and stability have been involved and discussed. With a considerable room for enhancement of both efficiency and device stability, different optimized strategies reported so far have also been presented. Finally, the future developing trends and prospects of the PSCs are analyzed and forecasted.

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Cadmium-telluride—Material for thin film solar cells

Journal of Materials Research ◽

10.1557/jmr.1998.0376 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 13 (10) ◽

pp. 2740-2753 ◽

Cited By ~ 76

Author(s):

Dieter Bonnet ◽

Peter Meyers

Keyword(s):

Thin Film ◽

Solar Cells ◽

High Throughput ◽

High Efficiency ◽

Low Cost ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Base Material ◽

Thin Film Solar Cells ◽

Industrial Enterprises ◽

Manufacturing Techniques

Due to its basic optical, electronic, and chemical properties, CdTe can become the base material for high-efficiency, low-cost thin film solar cells using robust, high-throughput manufacturing techniques. CdTe films suited for photovoltaic energy conversion have been produced by nine different processes. Using n-type CdS as a window-partner, solar cells of up to 16% efficiency have been made in the laboratory. Presently five industrial enterprises are striving to master low cost production processes and integrated modules have been delivered in sizes up to 60 × 120 cm2, showing efficiencies up to 9%. Stability, health, and environmental issues will not limit the commercial potential of the final product. The technology shows high promise for achieving cost levels of $0.5/Wp at 15% efficiency. In order to achieve this goal, scientists will have to develop a more detailed understanding of defect chemistry and device operation of cells, and engineers will have to develop methods for high-throughput manufacturing.

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Preparation and Characterization of Sodium Alginate-Based Oxidized Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Hydrogel Nanocomposite and its Adsorption Behaviour for Methylene Blue Dye

Frontiers in Chemistry ◽

10.3389/fchem.2021.576913 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

Author(s):

Edwin Makhado ◽

Mpitloane Joseph Hato

Keyword(s):

Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Methylene Blue ◽

Sodium Alginate ◽

Adsorption Kinetics ◽

Isotherm Models ◽

Regeneration Ability ◽

Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽

Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Hydrogel Nanocomposite

Herein, a sodium alginate/poly (acrylic acid)/oxidized-multi-walled carbon nanotubes hydrogel nanocomposite (SA/p(AAc)/o-MWCNTs HNC) was synthesized by in situ free-radical polymerization method. The synthesized SA/p(AAc)/o-MWCNTs HNC was used to remove methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solution. The synthesized HNC was confirmed by employing various characterization techniques. The SA/p(AAc)/o-MWCNTs HNC exhibited a maximum swelling capacity of 2265.4% at pH 8.0. The influence of vital parameters in the sorption process including the initial pH, adsorption dose, contact time and concentration were systematically examined on a batch mode. Subsequently, adsorption kinetics as well as isotherm models were applied to assess the nature and mechanism of the adsorption process. Adsorption kinetics were best described by pseudo-second-order model, while the Langmuir isotherm model governed the adsorption isotherm. The SA/p(AAc)/o-MWCNTs HNC exhibited a maximum adsorption capacity of 1596.0 mg/g at 25°C. This adsorbent showed excellent MB uptake and good regeneration ability.

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