scholarly journals Alternative Income Sources in the Agriculture of Settlements Along the Hortobágy

2003 ◽  
pp. 234-239
Author(s):  
Bernadett Bainé Szabó
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Family Farm ◽  
State Farm ◽  
Income Sources ◽  
Eu Membership ◽  
Economic Analyses ◽  
Environmental Programme

Agriculture has played a dominant role among the income sources of population living along the Hortobágy just like in any other rural areas. I represent the situations of settlements along the Hortobágy by studying four of them, such as Balmazújváros, Hortobágy, Tiszacsege and Egyek. Big companies having worked in the examined settlements had significance in ensuring local working facilities, and restraining people from leaving. Acts dating back to the beginning of the 1990’ies, privatisation, transformation of the state farm and co-operatives have decreased the rate of employment in agriculture. Alternative income sources relating to agriculture, such as bio-farming by alternative plants, herb production and rural tourism will determine the future of agriculture in this area due to the closeness of the Hortobágy National Park, the unique but unfavourable natural conditions for agricultural production, financial aids by the National Agricultural Environmental Programme and the imminent EU-membership. In this way supporting these activities may ensure the livelihood of ex-agricultural workers and alternative income for those working in agriculture.I am going to deal with two issues in this article:• with the change of the role of agriculture in the examined settlements,• with economic analyses of alternative income sources by a model of a family farm.

scholarly journals Illness, Death, and Macronutrients: Adequacy of Rural Mozambican Household Production of Macronutrients in the Face of HIV/AIDS

2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (2_suppl2) ◽  
pp. S331-S338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia Donovan ◽  
Jaquelino Massingue
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
The North ◽  
Income Sources ◽  
The Face ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Access To Food ◽  
Drug Interventions ◽  
Hiv Aids

Background As the public sector and civil society develop intervention programs to deal with the HIV/ AIDS epidemic, there has been an increasing emphasis on the relationship between nutrition and the disease. Drug interventions may be ineffective, and the progression from HIV infection to full-blown AIDS may be accelerated without adequate nutrition. Mozambique is still fighting an increasing prevalence rate of HIV, including in rural areas. Rural households in Mozambique rely heavily on their own agricultural production for the basic macronutrients. Objectives To evaluate the extent to which household agricultural production of basic staples meets overall household needs for major macronutrients, comparing households affected and not directly affected by HIV/ AIDS and other major illnesses over two time periods. Methods This research analyzes nationally representative panel data from rural household surveys conducted in 2002 and 2005 to evaluate whether households that have suffered the chronic illness or illness-related death of prime-age adult members (15 to 49 years of age) are more vulnerable to macronutrient gaps. Results Households in the South and in the North with a male illness or death in 2002 produced significantly less macronutrients from crops in 2005 than nonaffected households. These households also had significantly lower income per adult equivalent. Conclusions Mortality or illness from HIV/AIDS affects the ability of agricultural households dependent on own-food production to produce macronutrients. Interventions to improve access to food may be needed for affected households, particularly in light of their inability to recover over time. More analysis is needed to understand income sources, crop diversification, and access to macronutrients through the market.

scholarly journals STRUCTURAL CHANGES OF FARMER’S FARMS: CASE STUDY OF LITHUANIA

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jurgita ZALECKIENĖ
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Family Farm ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Significant Factors

Due to historical circumstances, the development of Lithuanian commercial farmer’s farms is slow; however, farmer’s farms are very important to the vitality of rural areas while developing agricultural commodities and goods. The purpose of this article – to analyze the structural changes in farmer’s farms and present the directions of future development. Structural changes in Lithuanian farmer’s farms during the 2005 – 2015 timeframe were analyzed while looking at the diagnostic indicators, which are the following: the number of farmer’s farms, the structure of farmer’s farms according to their size, the activity units of farmer’s farms, age of farmers, farmer’s farms sources of income. In order to study the statistical data, methods of systemization, logical analysis and generalization were applied. The analysis of the statistical data suggests that the following structural changes are taking place in Lithuanian farmer’s farms: the number of registered farmer’s farms increases and the farmers’ are getting younger. One of the most significant factors causing the structural changes in holdings – the EU financial support for the agricultural development and the changing customer demands. More and more often rural areas perform residential function and new living areas are developed. There is a predominance of the small farms (up to 10 hectares). This is mainly a result of the reform in agricultural sector at the end of 20th century. Many small agricultural holdings were established due to this reform. However, significant changes occur while choosing and/or combining the activity units of the farm: the number of farms specializing in crops increases, the number of the holdings focusing on livestock and combined farming (crops and livestock) is declining; also, farmer’s farms with diversified income or the activity units grow in number. Limited opportunities to intensify agricultural production in small farmer’s farms caused the fact that activities or income were diversified. The model of family farm remains; however, the relation between activity and the usage of family’s labour in farm activity changes.

FUNCTIONING OF PERSONAL PEASANT FARMING IN MODERN CONDITIONS

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaroslava Demyan ◽  
◽  
Greta Molnar ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Gradual Reduction ◽  
Climatic Zones ◽  
Quality Production

The article is devoted to the study of the peculiarities of the functioning of personal peasant farms, the main trends of their development in modern conditions are determined. The development of PPF play an important role for the economy of the state, the socio-cultural development of rural areas, and the life of rural residents. It is these farms that create the foundation for the state's food security, producing more than 40% of agricultural products, supplying a significant share of food products to the population on the domestic market. At the same time, it was investigated that in the Transcarpathian region the role of PPF is increasing due to the peculiarities of the geographical location and relief, natural and climatic conditions, traditions of life and activities of the population, and the like. It has been established that 224.4 thousand PPF operate in the region, which produce more than 90% of agricultural products, and they use land areas in comparison with the worst quality, production activities in them are more labor-intensive and require larger costs. However, the presence of three natural and climatic zones, a favorable climate and other factors create advantages for this particular form of farming in the region. And even despite the fact that now there is a tendency towards a gradual reduction in the number of PPF and their share in agricultural production, in the future they will continue to play an important role both in the region and in Ukraine as a whole, the issue of improving their material and technical support is actualizing, increase in investment volumes and development of their investment potential. Particular attention is paid to considering the prospects for further research, taking into account the processes of decentralization of authority.

Services management in the infrastructure of agrarian sector of economy

2021 ◽  
pp. 50-54
Author(s):  
O.I. Betin ◽  
◽  
A.S. Truba ◽  
V.P. Cherdantsev ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
The Village

The paper deals with the problems of scientific support for the formation and implementation of the program for sustainable development of rural areas, including the service sector. The role of the service sector and its impact on the standard of living of people in rural settlements is defined. The necessity of developing the socio-economic policy of the village is justified, taking into account the main tasks envisaged by the state’s agricultural policy. It is proposed to provide conditions for the development of rural areas, the development of agricultural production and services, which can make it possible to ensure food security in the country and improve the quality of life of people in rural settlements. It is important to take into account the diverse needs of people when providing them with goods and services. Improving the development of social infrastructure can meet the needs.

scholarly journals Agriculture of the Irkutsk Region: Hard Experience in the Industrial Region

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 345-361
Author(s):  
Grigorii Tsykunov
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Material Base ◽  
State Farm ◽  
Irkutsk Region

The article deals with historical and modern problems of agricultural development in the Irkutsk region in the context of industrial development of the region. Structural changes in the agricultural sector, the ratio of crop production and animal husbandry in the production of agricultural products are traced. The study found that within the framework of large-scale programs for the development of the productive forces of the Irkutsk region, the main attention was paid to industrial development, and agriculture was assigned the role of a secondary industry. This was manifested in the residual principle of financing the agricultural sector, its material base and the development of the social sphere in rural areas. Rural youth were involved in the construction and operation of production facilities, which led to a reduction of the population in the nearby villages and villages of the region. Special attention is paid to the problems of modern agriculture in the conditions of market transformations in the industry. On the basis of statistical material, the characteristics of the main categories of farms are given: agricultural organizations, farms and households. The analysis shows the leading role of private households in the total volume of agricultural production. At the same time, there is still an insignificant share of farms in the goods produced. The demographic consequences of the destruction of the state-farm-collective-farm system, manifested in a reduction in the number of villagers and a large shortage of agricultural workers, are particularly noted.

scholarly journals NEW TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF AGRICULTURE AND PRIORITIES OF AGRICULTURAL POLICY IN RUSSIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 230 (4) ◽  
pp. 275-284
Author(s):  
A.V. PETRIKOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Agricultural Employment ◽  
Agrarian Policy

The article analyzes the role of agriculture in the Russian economy, the main trends and problems of its development for 2014-2020. There is a decrease in the average annual indices of agricultural production for 2018-2020 compared to 2015-2017, an increase in anthropogenic pressure on the natural environment, an imbalance between the reduction of agricultural employment and the creation of alternative jobs in rural areas, uneven technological development of various categories of farms. The article substantiates the main measures of agrarian policy that ensure economic growth in agriculture, solving environmental and social problems in rural areas: improving state support for agriculture, priority development of small and medium-sized businesses, creating a modern innovation system in the agro-industrial complex.

scholarly journals ВПЛИВ АГРОПРОМИСЛОВИХ КОМПЛЕКСІВ НА РОЗВИТОК СІЛЬСЬКИХ ТЕРИТОРІЙ

2019 ◽  
pp. 204-218
Author(s):  
Oleg Rasskazov
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Inclusive Development ◽  
Strategic Development ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
The Impact

The article deals with the issues of determining the impact and role of agro-industrial production on the development of rural areas, taking into account the rational and effective use of their potential to enhance their functioning and development. The conducted research showed that there was no strategy for the development of the above-mentioned processes and the lack of use of the opportunities created by the united territorial communities, which today received the prospects of a real impact on the activities of agricultural production. Therefore, it is suggested that in developing the concept of strategic development of this sphere of economy, to lay down strategies for integrated, sustainable and inclusive development on the basis of thorough research of the baseline provisions and basic scientific developments of national and foreign scientists on the subject. The key methodological provisions that should be the basis for the development of the agro-industrial development strategy are highlighted.

scholarly journals Small and large farms in the Republic of Moldova: trends and perspectives

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 902-912
Author(s):  
Victor Moroz ◽  
Anatolie Ignat ◽  
Eugenia Lucasenco
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Republic Of Moldova ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Large Farms

In recent years the Republic of Moldova has implemented a set of reforms in order to increase the efficiency of agricultural production. The main purpose of this paper is to highlight economic advantages and disadvantages of large and small scale farms, and also to focus on the multidimensional role of the small scale farming for rural areas. The methodology used in the article is based on analysis of statistical data, as well as on results of relevant qualitative and quantitative surveys. The main expected results of this paper lay in the proposals of ways in which agriculture can make a contribution to the vibrancy of rural communities from the Republic of Moldova.

scholarly journals Reviews of Sustainable Rural Development in the Scope of Building New Rural Areas in Vietnam

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-91
Author(s):  
Nguyen Thi Thu Thuy
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Development Programme ◽  
Sustainable Rural Development ◽  
Development Policies ◽  
General Meaning

In Vietnam, rural area is a region for living and working of a rural resident community, including mainly farmers. It is a region of agricultural production (by the general meaning). Besides, there are manufacturing activities and service, but priority is given to agriculture and rural community. Meanwhile, the rural density is lower than urban density. Vietnam introduced its development programme “Building new rural areas”, which program aims at finding a concept of sustainable development in rural areas in order to emerge the role of sustainable development toward the National direction for local strategies and to ensure sustainable rural development. This paper is a work at the scope of reviews and literature available worldwide in development policies and programmes on sustainable rural development. It compares the dimensions of these policies and programmes on the basis of definitions, methodology and practical framework applied in order to identify a promotion for building new rural areas in disciplines, and especially supply a background for data analyses of the Vietnamese case in the National Target Programme “Building new rural areas during the period 2011-2015”.

THE ROLE OF TECHNOLOGICAL PROGRESS IN AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT GROWTH IN THE NMS UPON EUROPEAN UNION ACCESSION

2021 ◽  
Vol XIII (1) ◽  
pp. 85-99
Author(s):  
Ludwik Wicki
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Output Growth ◽  
Political Transformation ◽  
Baltic States ◽  
Agricultural Output ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
The Baltic

It is very important to increase input productivity in agriculture. This not only enables feeding the growing population, but also reducing agricultural pressure on the environment. The aim of the study is to determine the importance of TFP in comparison to the significance of production inputs in the growth of agricultural output in new EU member states. The analysis covered 2000-2016. Data available from the USDA on agriculture of the studied countries was used. The method of Solow residuals was used in the study. It was found that, in the studied countries, agricultural output decreased after political transformation and, since 2004, a further decrease of agricultural production was observed in five out of nine countries. Only in the three Baltic states and Poland was there an increase in production. In all countries, except Poland, a decrease in production intensity was observed. The area of agricultural land in all countries except the Baltic states decreased similarly. In the analyzed period, the highest increase in factor productivity was achieved in Lithuania (72%), Estonia (57%) and Latvia (51%), while the lowest in Hungary (7%) and Poland (21%). In each of the analyzed countries, the increase in TFP resulted in either an increase in agricultural output or the decrease in agricultural output was smaller than the decrease in the amount of inputs used. Technological change plays a dominant role in achieving an increase in agricultural production and an increase in the productivity of other inputs.

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