scholarly journals Initial Development of Hymeneae courbaril (Linnaeus.) (FABACEAE) under inoculation of edophytic bacteria from Bacillus and Herbaspirillum genus / Desenvolvimento inicial de Hymeneae courbaril (Linnaeus.) (FABACEAE) sob inoculação de bactérias endofíticas dos gêneros Bacillus e Herbaspirillum

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 112954-112965
Author(s):  
Larisse Araújo de Abreu ◽  
Lucas Marques Menezes ◽  
João Manoel da Silva ◽  
Romário Guimarães Verçosa de Araújo ◽  
Clayton dos Santos Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root System ◽  
Plant Size ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Hymenaea Courbaril ◽  
Native Forests ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
System Length ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Microbial Agents

The rise of environmental problems and the need for recovery of degraded areas have caused interest in the knowledge of native Brazilian species. One of the major barriers to replanting native forests is the production of seedlings of species that can fuel reforestation programs. Hymenaea courbaril is a forest species, has great forest and environmental importance and is very suitable for plants in degraded areas, which can be restored by vegetation, recommended for silvipastoral, pasture afforestation and others. One of the major barriers to replanting native forests is the production of seedlings of species that can fuel reforestation programs. One solution is how growth promoting bacteria that are part of the plant's resident population and are not phytopathogenic. These bacteria can be used to treat micropropagated seeds, explants and seedlings incorporated into the plant substrate. Thus, due to the lack of studies with growth-promoting bacteria in tree species, the aim of this work is to evaluate or development of H. courbaril seedlings. Inoculants are inoculated with growth-promoting endophytes using biometric parameters such as plant size. collection, leaf number, plant height, root system length, biomass and dry matter of shoot and root system. In general the bacteria Herbaspirillum sp. the best result was obtained when an inoculation directly in the soil, presenting greater development of biometric characters. For the genus Bacillus sp. seed inoculation provided further development of the plants. This study contributes to future research and recommends the use of microbial agents to promote H. courbaril growth.

Simultaneous effects of reintroduction strategy and seed size on the initial development of two tropical tree species in an abandoned eucalyptus plantation

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 439
Author(s):  
Julie Christine Scaloppi ◽  
Andréa Lúcia Teixeira de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Seed Size ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Plant Size ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Eucalyptus Plantation ◽  
Hymenaea Courbaril ◽  
Stem Size ◽  
Direct Sowing

Seedling planting is the most common strategy used to reintroduce tropical native tree species; however, direct sowing has simplicity and operational ease advantages. Functional traits such as seed size and growth rates have been shown to be relevant for better plant performance. We evaluated the effects of intraspecific variation in seed size and the reintroduction strategy simultaneously on the development of Hymenaea courbaril (L.) and Enterolobium timbouva (Mart.) introduced in an abandoned eucalyptus plantation over 462 days. Plants from small, medium and large seeds were reintroduced by planting seedlings and direct seeding. Both species achieved high rates of emergence and survival was high in the two reintroduction strategies. Seed size was not related to emergence and mean time to emergence for either species. The survival of both species was higher than 74% in the field, and seed size had little effect on survival rates. In general, H. courbaril plants introduced by direct sowing had higher growth, and seed size correlated positively with stem size. In contrast, the growth of E. timbouva plants introduced by seedling planting was higher than in plants introduced by direct sowing regardless of seed size. The light requirements of this species seem higher than for H. courbaril. Our results suggest the feasibility of reintroducing species by direct sowing in eucalyptus understory, but since plant growth varies between species, there may be a balance between the advantage of the initial plant size provided by planting seedlings and the advantage of a better root development provided by direct sowing.

A Taxonomy for Psycho-Oncological Intervention Techniques in an Acute Care Hospital in Germany

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Martina Madl ◽  
Marietta Lieb ◽  
Katharina Schieber ◽  
Tobias Hepp ◽  
Yesim Erim
Keyword(s):  
Acute Care ◽  
Interrater Reliability ◽  
Acute Care Hospital ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Systematic Research ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Certification System ◽  
Stepwise Procedure ◽  
Further Development

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Due to the establishment of a nationwide certification system for cancer centers in Germany, the availability of psycho-oncological services for cancer patients has increased substantially. However, little is known about the specific intervention techniques that are applied during sessions in an acute care hospital, since a standardized taxonomy is lacking. With this study, we aimed at the investigation of psycho-oncological intervention techniques and the development of a comprehensive and structured taxonomy thereof. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> In a stepwise procedure, a team of psycho-oncologists generated a data pool of interventions and definitions that were tested in clinical practice during a pilot phase. After an adaptation of intervention techniques, interrater reliability (IRR) was attained by rating 10 previously recorded psycho-oncological sessions. A classification of interventions into superordinate categories was performed, supported by cluster analysis. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Between April and June 2017, 980 psycho-oncological sessions took place. The experts agreed on a total number of 22 intervention techniques. An IRR of 89% for 2 independent psycho-oncological raters was reached. The 22 techniques were classified into 5 superordinate categories. <b><i>Discussion/Conclusion:</i></b> We developed a comprehensive and structured taxonomy of psycho-oncological intervention techniques in an acute care hospital that provides a standardized basis for systematic research and applied care. We expect our work to be continuously subjected to further development: future research should evaluate and expand our taxonomy to other contexts and care settings.

scholarly journals Gaps in social support resources in later life: An adaptational challenge in need of further research

2009 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen S. Rook
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Support Needs ◽  
Adaptive Responses ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Support Resources ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Social Support Resources

Gaps in social support resources in later life may arise when older adults lose social network members due to illness, death, or residential relocation. Gaps also may arise when social networks remain intact but are not well suited to meet older adults' intensifying support needs, such as needs for extended or highly personal instrumental support. Significant gaps in support resources are likely to require adaptive responses by older adults. This discussion highlights theoretical perspectives and illustrates empirical findings regarding the nature and effectiveness of older adults' responses to gaps in their social support resources. The literature examining these issues is relatively small and, as a result, is ripe for further development. Promising directions for future research are suggested.

scholarly journals Initial Development of the Early Intensive Behavioral Intervention Parental Self-Efficacy Scale: A Pilot Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Aaron Blocher-Rubin ◽  
Paige Krabill
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Behavioral Intervention ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Early Intensive Behavioral Intervention ◽  
Clinical Tool ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Intensive Behavioral Intervention ◽  
New Instrument

Early Intensive Behavioral Intervention (EIBI) is an effective treatment for children with autism. However, it is known that some parents struggle to fully implement the program, and providers are not always able to identify the specifics of each family’s individualized challenges. The purpose of this pilot study was to begin the process of developing a new instrument, the EIBI Parental Self-Efficacy (EPSE) Scale, to help providers better assess and assist parents in regard to EIBI implementation. The methodology included four phases: scale construction, expert review, pretest administration, and a large sample pilot study (N = 192). The final 29-item EPSE Scale contained strong reliability properties (Cronbach’s alpha = .900). Factor analysis established five subscales: Family Well-Being, Preparing for Successful Sessions, Team Participation, Not Giving Up, and Working with your Child. Following this pilot study, future research is recommended to refine and validate the EPSE Scale as a useful clinical tool for EIBI providers.

scholarly journals The Potential of Satellite Imagery for Surveying Whales

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 963
Author(s):  
Caroline Höschle ◽  
Hannah C. Cubaynes ◽  
Penny J. Clarke ◽  
Grant Humphries ◽  
Alex Borowicz
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Imagery ◽  
Automated Detection ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Detection And Identification ◽  
Basin Scale ◽  
Terrestrial Environments ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Further Development

The emergence of very high-resolution (VHR) satellite imagery (less than 1 m spatial resolution) is creating new opportunities within the fields of ecology and conservation biology. The advancement of sub-meter resolution imagery has provided greater confidence in the detection and identification of features on the ground, broadening the realm of possible research questions. To date, VHR imagery studies have largely focused on terrestrial environments; however, there has been incremental progress in the last two decades for using this technology to detect cetaceans. With advances in computational power and sensor resolution, the feasibility of broad-scale VHR ocean surveys using VHR satellite imagery with automated detection and classification processes has increased. Initial attempts at automated surveys are showing promising results, but further development is necessary to ensure reliability. Here we discuss the future directions in which VHR satellite imagery might be used to address urgent questions in whale conservation. We highlight the current challenges to automated detection and to extending the use of this technology to all oceans and various whale species. To achieve basin-scale marine surveys, currently not feasible with any traditional surveying methods (including boat-based and aerial surveys), future research requires a collaborative effort between biology, computation science, and engineering to overcome the present challenges to this platform’s use.

Issues in Product Life Cycle Engineering Analysis

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
David E. Lee ◽  
Michel A. Melkanoff
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Life Cycle Analysis ◽  
Product Life Cycle ◽  
Organizational Context ◽  
Operational Performance ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Engineering Analysis ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Product Life ◽  
Life Cycle Engineering

Abstract Traditional engineering analysis of product designs has focused primarily on a product’s operational performance without considering costs of manufacturing and other stages downstream from design. In contrast, life cycle analysis of a product during its initial development can play a crucial role in determining the product’s overall life cycle cost and useful life span. This paper examines product life cycle engineering analysis - measurement of product operational performance in a life cycle context. Life cycle engineering analysis is thus considered both as an extension of traditional engineering analysis methods and as a subset of a total product life cycle analysis. The issues critical to life cycle engineering analysis are defined and include product life cycle data modeling and analysis, analysis tools and their performance regimes, performance tradeoff measurement and problems of life cycle engineering analysis in an organizational context. Recommendations are provided for future research directions into life cycle engineering analysis in the context of integration architectures for concurrent engineering.

scholarly journals Forage Mass, Tillering, Nutritive Value and Root System of Ruzigrass Inoculated with Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria Associated with Doses of N-Fertilizer

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 41-55
Author(s):  
Artur Roque Domingues Barreiros ◽  
Ulysses Cecato ◽  
Camila Fernandes Domingues Duarte ◽  
Mariangela Hungria ◽  
Thiago Trento Biserra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Root System ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Block Design ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

The aim of this study was evaluating the effect of the inoculation of plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) in forage mass, tillering, nutritive value and root system of ruzigrass (Urochloa ruziziensis (R. Germ. & Evrard) Crins (syn. of Brachiaria ruziziensis) associated with doses of N-fertilizer. The bacteria inoculated were Azospirillum brasilense Ab-V5, Pseudomonas fluorescens CCTB03 and Pantoea ananatis AMG 521, plus the control treatment (non-inoculated), associated with doses of N-fertilizer (0, 50 and 100 kg N ha-1). The experiment was performed in a randomized block design, in a 4x3 factorial scheme, with four replicates, totaling 48 plots (12 m2). There were no effects of the PGPB and the use of N-fertilizer on the leaf blade, stem+sheath, forage mass, daily and yearly accumulation of forage mass. The PGPB did not have influence on the density of tillers. The doses of 50 and 100 kg of N ha-1 increased the amount of tillers. The AMG 521 strain associated with N-fertilizer provided heavier tillers. There was no effect of the PGPB on crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), as well as acid detergent fiber (ADF), and in vitro digestibility of the dry matter (IVDDM).  The use of 100 kg of N ha-1 contributed to an increase in CP and a decrease in NDF. The AMG 521 strain contributed to a smaller diameter of the root. Strains CCTB03 and AMG 521 demonstrated a smaller area, length and root density when associated with the dose of 50kg of N ha-1. In general, the PGPB were not efficient in promoting productive increments in ruzigrass.

scholarly journals Advance on the preparation, physiological function and nanocarriers of resveratrol

2021 ◽  
Vol 233 ◽  
pp. 02047
Author(s):  
Lingyi Li
Keyword(s):  
Research Direction ◽  
Antioxidant Property ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Extraction Technology ◽  
Hydrolysis Method ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Extraction ◽  
Ultrasonic Assisted ◽  
Ultrasonic Assisted Extraction ◽  
Further Development

Resveratrol is a natural compound that has many beneficial physiological functions. In recent years, the research on resveratrol has gradually become a hotspot. This article summarized the literature reports all over the world, classified and concluded the extraction technology, function and nano-delivery carriers of resveratrol. Solvent extraction, microwave-and ultrasonic-assisted extraction, supercritical carbon dioxide extraction and enzymatic hydrolysis method were respectively discussed in detail. Then the antioxidant property, antibacterial activity, antiumor effect and the prevention of cardiovascular disease of resveratrol were also discussed. Finally, the resveratrol-loaded nanocarriers, such as nanoparticles, nanoemulsions, solid lipid particles and nanosuspensions were summarized. And the future research direction of resveratrol were prospected, in order to provide references and orientations for the further development and research of resveratrol.

COGNITIVE THERAPY FOR PREVENTING TRANSITION TO PSYCHOSIS IN HIGH RISK INDIVIDUALS: A CASE SERIES

2003 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul French ◽  
Anthony P. Morrison ◽  
Lara Walford ◽  
Alice Knight ◽  
Richard P. Bentall
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Cognitive Therapy ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Strategy ◽  
Cognitive Model ◽  
Case Series ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Further Development

Early interventions for psychosis have recently received a great deal of interest. This is because research findings have indicated the importance of duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) in influencing future prognosis. Most interventions have so far centered around the early identification of first episode cases in an attempt to minimize the DUP. A further development of the early intervention strategy aims to identify high-risk cases prior to the onset of psychosis. Treatment of this at risk group could potentially prevent the onset of psychosis. In this paper we describe three cases from a randomized controlled trial designed to test the feasibility of a cognitive therapy intervention, to prevent the onset of psychosis. These are presented with formulations based on a recent cognitive model conceptualizing the onset of psychosis. Implications of this approach for future research and clinical practice are also discussed.

Species Size and Reproductive Economy in Herbaceous Vegetation

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Tracey
Keyword(s):  
Species Coexistence ◽  
Plant Size ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Traditional Theory ◽  
Old Field ◽  
Critical Question ◽  
Self Fertilization ◽  
Reproductive Economy ◽  
Competition For Resources

According to traditional theory, larger plants generaly have an advantage with respect to competition, especially for light. It seems a paradox then that most species that coexist within natural vegetation are relatively small; specis size distributions are right-skewed at virtually every scale. The critical question then becomes: if bigger is better in competition for resources, why then are there so many small plants? A potential explanation for this paradox is that smaller species may have greater reproductive economy-i.e. the ability to reproduce despite suppression from intense competition. Selection for greater reproductive economy may be associated with smaller seed sizes, increased rates of self-fertilization and/or clonality, and in the case of this study, smaller size at reproductive maturity. Random plots in an old field at Queen's University Biological Station were sampled and the largest and smallest reproductive individuals of each species were collected, dried and weighed - to test the hypothesis that smaller species can reproduce at a smaller proportion of their maximum potential plant sizes. The results did not support this, but the hypothesis that smaller plants have greater reproductive economy could not be rejected as it was not possible to record data for the largest possible plant size for each species (since even the largest plants were subjected to competition from neighbours). This provides a focus for future research. Understanding the role of plant size in affecting the process of species assembly has important implications for species coexistence and mechanisms of biodiversity preservation, and thus efforts involving conservation and ecosystem management.

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