scholarly journals Microbiota intestinal: su importancia en la salud y los factores que la modifican

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-196
Author(s):  
Yadira Rivera Espinoza
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Vast Number ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Number Of Microorganisms ◽  
Complex Ecosystem ◽  
Exogenous Origin ◽  
The Relationship

A vast number of microorganisms inhabit the human body and coexist peacefully with their hosts, under specific conditions. The complex ecosystem of microbial communities found in the intestine fulfills numerous metabolic, physiological, and protective functions of the human body. Recent studies show that an imbalance in these communities (dysbiosis) maintains a close relationship with the health of the host. The change in eating habits, lifestyle, and different compounds of exogenous origin are some of the main factors causing that alteration, which represent new challenges for medical practice. Therefore, the objective of this document is to provide information about the intestinal microbiota concept, the factors altering it, some of the diseases associated with dysbiosis, and the evidence of some foods that may induce the modulation of the intestinal microbiota. Knowing the relationship between food, microbiota, and health is relevant to have more elements in the treatment of diseases in modern society.

scholarly journals The role of intestinal microbiota in irritable bowel syndrome

2018 ◽  
Vol 72 ◽  
pp. 215-226
Author(s):  
Tomasz Dworzański ◽  
Rafał Fornal ◽  
Łukasz Koźba ◽  
Krzysztof Celiński ◽  
Ewa Dworzańska
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Intestinal Flora ◽  
Faecal Flora ◽  
Vast Number ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
Micro Organisms

In recent years, impressive advances in the knowledge about a vast number of microbes living in the human body and interactions between the microbiota and the human body have been observed. All micro-organisms that live in the human body consist of around 10 ^ 14 cells. The number of microbial cells colonizing the human body is ten times higher than the number of its own cells and the weight of all micro-organisms is about 2-2.5 kg. The number of bacterial genes is 50-100 times greater than the number of genes in the human body. Nowadays, the human microbiota is often regarded as a “newly discovered organ” or even as a “supergenome”. The results of many studies have revealed that disruption of the bowel microecosystem may affect the development of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) symptoms. Therefore, manipulation of the gut microflora was hoped to be a new tool in the treatment of this disease. Various methods (probiotics, prebiotics, antibiotic therapy, transplantation of faecal flora) have been used to modify the intestinal microbiota by supporting the expansion of bacteria considered beneficial and reducing the number of those regarded as harmful, thus alleviating the IBS symptoms. There is much evidence in the literature to suggest that the intestinal microbiota and the gut-intestinal axis are important factors in the pathogenesis of IBS. Moreover, the literature findings have demonstrated beneficial effects of modifying the intestinal flora composition in alleviating IBS symptoms. Although the pathophysiology of IBS and the role of the intestinal microflora and gut-intestinal axis in it are well known, many issues are still to be elucidated. Further research into the bacteria identified in stool and colon mucosa of healthy individuals should provide more information on restoration of intestinal homeostasis in IBS patients.

scholarly journals An Insight Into Intestinal Microbiota of Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats After Valsartan Administration

Dose-Response ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 155932582110113
Author(s):  
Ying-Zi Qi ◽  
Yue-Hua Jiang ◽  
Ling-Yu Jiang ◽  
Lin-Lin Shao ◽  
Xue-Song Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Isobutyric Acid ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Composition Structure ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition ◽  
Unique Otus

It has been proven a close relationship between intestinal microbiota and hypertension. Valsartan is a widely used ARB antihypertensive drug; so far, the effect of valsartan on intestinal microbiota remains largely unexplored. Herein, we evaluated the composition, structure and metabolites of intestinal microbiota of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) after valsartan administration. In the present study, valsartan administration decreased intestinal microbiota diversity, altered gut microbiota composition, leading to 192 unique OTUs deficiency ( vs WKY rats) and 10 unique OTUs deficiency ( vs SHRs) and did not prove impaired intestinal mucosal barriers. Valsartan decreased the production of isobutyric acid and isovaleric acid in SCFAs. Our findings revealed valsartan administration induced far-reaching and robust changes to the intestinal microbiota of SHRs and provided a better understanding of the relationship between efficacy of valsartan and gastrointestinal tract reaction.

Spiritual di Dalam Al-Quran: Konsep dan Konstruk

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-72
Author(s):  
Suriani Sudi ◽  
Fariza Md Sham ◽  
Phayilah Yama
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Meaningful Life ◽  
Thematic Content Analysis ◽  
Content Analysis Method ◽  
Spirituality And Religion ◽  
Life Success ◽  
The Relationship

The need for mankind towards spirituality and a meaningful life as one solution towards spiritual crisis that is faced by modern society has long been discussed by scholars. Some notable western scholars such as Maslow, Frankl, Zohar and Marshall has shown a significant relationship between the human body and spirituality with one’s life success. However, these theories reject the relationship between spirituality and religion and they claim that spirituality is merely an aspiration for human to survive. This perspective conflicts with what is brought by Islam. Thus, this paper shall discuss the spiritual concept in the Quran using the thematic content analysis method by analyzing the relevant verses of the Quran that relate to spirituality and consequently how the Quran debates the spiritual construct in these verses. Studies have shown that the Quran emphasizes that spirituality contributes to the human rise and self-enlightenment in order to achieve the purpose and meaning of life, where the foundation of happiness and prosperity is a consequence of a good spirituality. The Quran also mentions about al-lubb, al-sadr, al-ra’y and al-fu’ad as a spiritual construct in addition to al-qalb, al-ruh, al-nafs dan al-‘aql that has indeed been highlighted by previous Muslim scholars. ABSTRAK Keperluan manusia terhadap spiritual dan hidup yang lebih bermakna sebagai satu solusi terhadap krisis spiritual yang dihadapi oleh masyarakat moden kini, telah sekian lama diperbincangkan oleh para sarjana. Beberapa ahli Psikologi Barat seperti Maslow, Frankl, Zohar dan Marshall telah menunjukkan signifikan hubungan antara jasad dan spiritual manusia dengan kejayaan hidup seseorang. Namun, teori mereka menolak perkaitan antara spiritual dengan agama dan mereka mengatakan spiritual hanyalah aspirasi manusia untuk hidup. Pandangan tersebut bertentangan dengan apa yang dibawa oleh Islam. Justeru, kertas kerja ini mengupas berkaitan konsep spiritual di dalam al-Quran dengan menggunakan kaedah analisis kandungan secara tematik iaitu dengan mengenal pasti ayat-ayat al-Quran yang berkaitan dengan spiritual seterusnya memaparkan bagaimana al-Quran membahaskan konstruk spiritual ini di dalam ayat-ayatnya. Kajian mendapati, al-Quran menekankan bahawa spiritual merupakan kebangkitan atau pencerahan diri dalam mencapai tujuan atau makna kehidupan, di mana asas kebahagiaan dan kesejahteraan seseorang datang dari spiritual yang baik. Al-Quran turut menyebut al-lubb, al–sadr, al-ra’y dan al-fu’ad sebagai konstruk spiritual di samping al-qalb, al-ruh, al-nafs dan al-‘aql yang sememangnya telah pun digariskan oleh para sarjana Muslim sebelum ini.

Socio-economic drivers in productive rural activities and their impact on the eating habits, lifestyle and nutritional status of people living in a rural area: The Majella National Park as a case study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Angela Polito ◽  
Elena Azzini ◽  
Lorenzo Barnaba ◽  
Milena Verrascina ◽  
Barbara Zanetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Food System ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Mountain Area ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Nutritional Data ◽  
The Relationship

This paper analyses the relationship between food system dynamics with consumer behaviors, in population within a protected mountain area in Italy. In order to obtain socioeconomic and nutritional data, a combination of qualitative and quantitative research was employed to group farmers, local authorities, and inhabitants. Our research highlighted the close relationship between local food productive sector with consumption habits of local communities. The experience of the Majella National Park can be taken as an example of promoting environmentally friendly agriculture that enhances food quality, increases resource management and preserves local cultural heritage.

scholarly journals Human Microbiota Network: Unveiling Potential Crosstalk between the Different Microbiota Ecosystems and Their Role in Health and Disease

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 2905
Author(s):  
Jose E. Martínez ◽  
Augusto Vargas ◽  
Tania Pérez-Sánchez ◽  
Ignacio J. Encío ◽  
Miriam Cabello-Olmo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Body Region ◽  
Microbial Cells ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Human Microbiota ◽  
Host Health ◽  
Number Of Microorganisms ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
The Relationship

The human body is host to a large number of microorganisms which conform the human microbiota, that is known to play an important role in health and disease. Although most of the microorganisms that coexist with us are located in the gut, microbial cells present in other locations (like skin, respiratory tract, genitourinary tract, and the vaginal zone in women) also play a significant role regulating host health. The fact that there are different kinds of microbiota in different body areas does not mean they are independent. It is plausible that connection exist, and different studies have shown that the microbiota present in different zones of the human body has the capability of communicating through secondary metabolites. In this sense, dysbiosis in one body compartment may negatively affect distal areas and contribute to the development of diseases. Accordingly, it could be hypothesized that the whole set of microbial cells that inhabit the human body form a system, and the dialogue between the different host microbiotas may be a contributing factor for the susceptibility to developing diseased states. For this reason, the present review aims to integrate the available literature on the relationship between the different human microbiotas and understand how changes in the microbiota in one body region can influence other microbiota communities in a bidirectional process. The findings suggest that the different microbiotas may act in a coordinated way to decisively influence human well-being. This new integrative paradigm opens new insights in the microbiota field of research and its relationship with human health that should be taken into account in future studies.

Predicting the Dose of Warfarin for Therapeutic Anticoagulation

1982 ◽  
Vol 47 (03) ◽  
pp. 230-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
N K Sharma ◽  
P A Routledge ◽  
M D Rawlins ◽  
D M Davies
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Range ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Maintenance Dose ◽  
Warfarin Dose ◽  
Loading Dose ◽  
Intravenous Injections ◽  
Therapeutic Anticoagulation ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Anticoagulant Response

SummaryThe validity of a previously described technique for predicting warfarin requirements based on the anticoagulant response to a fixed loading dose was assessed prospectively in 57 patients. There was a close relationship between the predicted and initially observed daily warfarin dose required to maintain the patient within the therapeutic range for anticoagulation. The significant relationship between predicted and observed maintenance dose persisted at 4 and 12 weeks although it decreased with increasing time.The relationship between observed and predicted maintenance requirement of warfarin was not affected by the concomitant use of intermittent intravenous injections of heparin when 9 hr was allowed to elapse between the previous dose of heparin and the thrombotest estimation on which the prediction was based.It is concluded that the method is valuable in predicting an individual’s warfarin requirement, although it does not obviate the need for regular monitoring of anticoagulant control.

Hubungan antara Luas Lesi pada Foto Toraks Penderita TB Paru Dewasa yang Memiliki Riwayat Diabetes Melitus dengan Indeks Massa Tubuh di Rumah Sakit Hasan Sadikin Bandung

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 138-144
Author(s):  
Ina Edwina ◽  
Rista D Soetikno ◽  
Irma H Hikmat
Keyword(s):  
Chest Radiograph ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Pulmonary Tb ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Consecutive Sampling ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Diabetes Melitus

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) and diabetes mellitus (DM) prevalence rates are increasing rapidly, especially in developing countries like Indonesia. There is a relationship between TB and DM that are very prominent, which is the prevalence of pulmonary TB with DM increased by 20 times compared with pulmonary TB without diabetes. Chest X-ray picture of TB patients with DM is atypical lesion. However, there are contradictories of pulmonary TB lesion on chest radiograph of DM patients. Nutritional status has a close relationship with the morbidity of DM, as well as TB.Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the lesions of TB on the chest radiograph of patients who su?er from DM with their Body Mass Index (BMI) in Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung.Material and Methods: The study was conducted in Department of Radiology RSHS Bandung between October 2014 - February 2015. We did a consecutive sampling of chest radiograph and IMT of DM patients with clinical diagnosis of TB, then the data was analysed by Chi Square test to determine the relationship between degree of lesions on chest radiograph of pulmonary TB on patients who have DM with their BMI.Results: The results showed that adult patients with active pulmonary TB with DM mostly in the range of age 51-70 years old, equal to 62.22%, with the highest gender in men, equal to 60%. Chest radiograph of TB in patients with DM are mostly seen in people who are obese, which is 40% and the vast majority of lesions are minimal lesions that is equal to 40%.Conclusions: There is a signifcant association between pulmonary TB lesion degree with BMI, with p = 0.03

“Our Dead are the Ultimate Teachers of Life”. The Corpse as an Inter-mediator of Transcendence

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-240
Author(s):  
Antje Kahl
Keyword(s):  
Death And Dying ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Religious Institutions ◽  
Spiritual Experiences ◽  
Dead Body ◽  
Funeral Directors ◽  
The Public ◽  
Funeral Director ◽  
The Dead ◽  
The Relationship

Today in Germany, religion and the churches forfeit their sovereignty of interpretation and ritual concerning death and dying. The funeral director is the first point of contact when death occurs. Therefore he or she is able to influence the relationship between the living and the dead. In the course of this development, the dead body, often referred to as dirty and dangerous, is being sanitized by funeral directors. Funeral directors credit the dead body with a certain quality; they claim that facing the dead may lead to religious or spiritual experiences, and therefore they encourage the public viewing of the dead – a practice which was, and still is not very common in Germany. The new connotation of the dead body is an example for the dislimitation of religion in modern society. The religious framing of death-related practises no longer exclusively belongs to traditional religious institutions and actors, but can take place in commercial business companies as well.

TAFSIR AYAT-AYAT ZAKAT SEBAGAI PENGUAT KONSEP FILANTROPI EKONOMI KEUMMATAN (Tafsir Verses Of Zakat As The Booster Of Public Economic Philanthropy Concept)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-137
Author(s):  
Mustaqim Makki
Keyword(s):  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Minimum Level ◽  
Relationship With God ◽  
Public Economic ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Vertical Relationship ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Very High ◽  
Functional Content

Zakat merupakan salah satu sendi pokok ajaran Islam. Urgensi zakat yang merupakan anjuran agama Islam untuk menunaikan zakat dan memberikannya kepada yang berhak dengan ketentuan mencapai nishabnya, (kadar minimum harta tertentu) mempunyai nilai sangat signifikan dalam kehidupan manusia. Seorang insan yang sarat akan segala permasalahan pada fitrahnya menuntut untuk selalu berinteraksi kepada sesama, baik berupa materi maupun non materi. Zakat merupakan maliyah ijtima’iyyah yang mengandung nilai-nilai filantropi yang sangat tinggi, karena ketika mengaplikasikan kewajiban zakat kita telah membantu sesama serta mengurangi kesenjangan yang disebabkan beberapa sifat manusia diantaranya adalah sifat kikir, dengki dan iri hati. Menguatnya kembali harapan banyak kalangan terhadap implementasi filantropi Islam, baik dalam bentuk zakat, infak, sedekah, dan wakaf, memiliki keterkaitan erat dengan kondisi bangsa yang belum sepenuhnya bangkit dari keterpurukan sebagai dampak dari krisis ekonomi yang berkepanjangan. Kondisi ini berakibat kesenjangan penguasaan perekonomian antar warga negara menjadi kian lebar. Pada saat itulah, ziswaf (zakat, infak, sedekah, dan wakaf) kembali dilirik dan diharapkan menjadi alternatif solusi terhadap problem kemiskinan umat. Manusia sebagai khalifah fil ardh dalam Al Qurán menekankan muatan fungsional yang harus diemban oleh manusia dalam melaksanakan tugas-tugas kesejarahan dalam kehidupannya di muka bumi. Kaitan dengan konsep tersebut, ada dua fungsi manusia. Pertama: Manusia sebagai hamba (ábid), dituntut untuk sukses menjalin hubungan secara vertikal dalam hal ini hubungannya dengan ketuhanan (Teologis). Kedua adalah manusia sebagai khalifah, dituntut untuk sukses menjalin hubungan secara horizontal dalam hal ini hubungan terhadap manusia.Kata kunci: tafsir ayat zakat, filantropi, ekonomi keummatanAbstract:Zakat is one of the main points of Islamic teachings. The urgency of zakat which is suggested by Islam to fulfill and give it to those who are referred to with the provisions to reach their nishab, (minimum level of certain assets) has a very significant value in human life. A person who is full of all problems in his/her natural demands will always get interaction with other people, either material or non-material. Zakat is maliyah ijtima’iyyah which contains very high philanthropic values, because when applying the obligation of zakat we have helped others and reduced the gaps caused by some human traits including miser, jealousy and envy. The reinforcement of the expectations (estimation) from any levels on the implementation of Islamic philanthropy, which in the form of zakat, donation, alms and endowments, has a close relationship with the condition of the country that has not fully risen from bad economic adversity due to economic crisis. This condition causes a widening of the economic mastery among the citizens. At that moment, ziswaf (zakat, infaq, alms, and waqf) was again given a serious attentition and expected to be an alternative solution to the problem of poverty among citizens. Humans as khalifah fil ardh in the Qur'an emphasize the functional content that must be carried by humans in carrying out historical tasks in their lives on earth. In accordance with this concept, there are two human functions. First: Humans as servants (ábid), are required to succeed in establishing a vertical relationship in this case the relationship with God (Theological). Second, humans as caliphs, are required to succeed in establishing horizontal relationships in this case the relationship to humans.

INTER AKSI AGAMA DAN BUDAYA

EMPIRISMA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Arif Dan Yuli Darwati
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Belief System ◽  
Cultural Interaction ◽  
Cultural Economic ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Or Groups ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Determining Factor

This paper will try to explain the relationship between religion and culture. These two topics are the most important items that are inseparable in the history of human civilization from the classical to the modern period. Religion is ahuman belief system that is related to God. If the rule comes from God, then it cannot be said to be a culture, because it is not human creation, but God’s creation that is absolute. Religion is interpreted as part of the life (culture) ofindividuals or groups, each of which has the authority to understand religion and apply it. With the characteristics as indicated by Fazlur Rahman, wherever religion is located, it is hoped that it can provide guidance on values or moralsfor all activities of human life, whether social, cultural, economic or political. Not infrequently also religion becomes a determining factor in the adhesive process of social cultural interaction of the community as well as unifying thenation. Culture and religion are something different but can influence each other so that new cultures or mixing of cultures emerge. The opinion of Endang Saifudin Anshari who said in his writing that religion and culture do notinclude each other, in principle one is not part of the other and each consists of itself. Between them, of course, they are closely related like us, we see in everyday life and human life. As also seen in the close relationship between husband and wife who can give birth to a son but the husband is not part of the wife, and vice versa. Religion and culture are two different things but cannot be separated. The existence of a religion will be greatly influenced and affect thepractice of a religion in question. And conversely, a culture will be greatly influenced by the beliefs of the society in which culture develops. Therefore religion is not only an individual problem but religion is also a social affair whichultimately religious people are not only able to give birth to individual piety but also must be able to give birth to social piety.Key words: Interaction, Religion, Culture,

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document