scholarly journals Approaches to solving problems of practical application of magnetic-coercive control in the assessment of the state of crane metal structures

2020 ◽  
Vol 2,2020 (2,2020 (125)) ◽  
pp. 10-16
Author(s):  
Chuhlib V ◽  
Gubskyi S
Keyword(s):  
Coercive Force ◽  
Metal Structure ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Coercive Control ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Metal Structures ◽  
Control Research ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Individual

The aim of the study. By taking into account the individual characteristics of magnetic structuroscopes such as KRMCC-2M to increase the reliability of the passport of magnetic control. Research methodology. To take into account the individual characteristics of magnetic structuroscopes such as KRM-CC-2M, a method has been developed. It is based on taking into account the individual characteristics of magnetic structuroscopes. The essence of this method is that together with the crane and PMK you need to have a stepped pattern with different sections of the same material from which the metal structure of the crane. At each magneto-coercive NC of the metal structure of the crane it is necessary to measure the coercive force of this sample and enter them in the PMC together with the serial number of the structroscope. Having readings of the coercive force on this sample of all structuroscopes of the KRM-CC-2M type, it is possible to draw a conclusion about the level of magnetization intensity of each structroscope. Next, calculating the difference in the intensity of magnetization of the devices KRM-CC-2M (ΔNS δ, A / cm), take it into account when processing and analyzing the results already obtained on the crane magnetic-coercive NC. Results. The process of analysis of the results of magnetic coercive control is automated. It is shown that it is impossible to be limited at an estimation of a condition of a metalwork to only one method. For a more objective result, it is necessary to apply magnetic coercive control in combination with other control methods and calculation methods. Work on magneticcoercive non-destructive testing, which solve existing problems, has been confirmed in practice. This will make it possible to conduct magnetic-coercive control of metal structures with different thicknesses of elements, take into account the individual characteristics of magnetic structuroscopes such as KRM-CC-2M and increase the coercive force depending on the load intensity of the metal structure. Practical significance. The results of the research are used in the analysis of the change of coercive force in the bevel of the sprung system of the crane-loader with a capacity of 32 tons.

scholarly journals The «Model» Budget: the Features of Its Formation and Implementation

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 314-323
Author(s):  
Sergei Leonov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Federal Budget ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Budget Policy ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Far Eastern ◽  
Cost Factors

The paper analyzes the features of the formation of «model» budgets, assesses the consequences of the transition to the distribution of subsidies to the subjects of the Russian Federation from the federal budget on the basis of the calculation of the «model» budget and developed proposals for adequate consideration of the identified problems in the inter-budget policy of the Russian Federation. It is shown that the transition to the «model» budget in the Russian Federation is envisaged through the mechanism of redistribution of the total amount of subsidies to equalize the budget provision with simultaneous refinement of the method of increasing the allocated subsidies to the least affluent regions. The discrepancy between the current budget expenditures and the estimated need for budget allocations was revealed, which can lead to the emergence of unsecured budget expenditures for planned activities in a number of Northern and Far Eastern regions. The necessity for maximum orientation to the individual characteristics of the subjects of the Federation in the calculation of «model» budgets is shown, which is expressed in taking into account the rising cost factors associated with the uneven distribution of the population and the difference in the coefficients of transport accessibility in the subjects of the Russian Federation.

scholarly journals Application of Modern Development Tools in Increasing the Competence of the Staff

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 76-84
Author(s):  
Lesya Verbovska ◽  
Iryna Haliuk
Keyword(s):  
Staff Development ◽  
Management Training ◽  
Role Playing ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Behavioral Skills ◽  
Role Playing Games ◽  
Modern Development ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Individual

The article substantiates the main components of improving staff competencies in the face of change. It is determined that taking into account and combining "hard skills" and "soft skills" skills allow you to use the acquired knowledge to perform specific tasks in the workplace in a particular professional activity. Modern and traditional models, techniques and tools of personnel management are presented, according to which it is possible to clearly assess the difference in approaches to managing the competence of employees in the conditions of change. Based on the analysis of world practice, a list of methods is presented: discussions, brainstorming, Oxford debates, Case - Study, business and role - playing games, workshops, communication and management training, which are used to develop skills and abilities of employees. These methods allow expanding the educational opportunities of established forms of classes (lectures, seminars). The relationship between the acquisition of new and improvement of existing staff development competencies on the basis of training and coaching is shown. The proposed methods of acquiring competencies allow you to choose those competencies and methods of acquiring them that correspond to the individual characteristics of organizations. It is proved that the acquisition of competencies by staff allows identifying new competencies in employees, to form the need to use modern analytical and behavioral skills, providing greater opportunities for management skills and flexibility, dialectical thinking, ability to make creative decisions in unusual situations. It is substantiated that the combination of the SMART method in the acquisition of competencies significantly expands the possibilities of short-term learning, through the application of the concept of "lifelong learning". Different definitions of the essence of "competence" are analyzed, which allows emphasizing that when choosing different forms of education, in particular, trainings, different types of training it is necessary to use / apply modern methods and techniques. It has been proven that incompetent non-use by a staff of their knowledge, skills, experience and skills often leads to reduced profits and inefficient use of their potential.

ON ESTIMATION OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE HUMAN FACTOR ON DETECTION OF DEFECTS IN ULTRASONIC FLAW DETECTION AND DEFECTOMETRY

2021 ◽  
pp. 4-10
Author(s):  
V. G. Badalyan
Keyword(s):  
Human Factor ◽  
Flaw Detection ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Correction Coefficient ◽  
Detection Techniques ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Ultrasonic Flaw ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Individual

Based on the analysis of the results of ultrasonic testing, a quantitative assessment of the influence of the human factor on the PoD curves built for independent inspectors, several (different) flaw detection techniques was obtained. It is shown that the average value of the change in the probability of detecting flaws, which determines the value of the correction coefficient equal to 0.015 for flaws with a height of 4 to 12 mm (for the defectometry technique) and 0.18 for flaws with a height of 5 to 12 mm (for flaw detection techniques). For flaws less, than 4 mm in height, the average value of the change in the probability of detecting flaws for individual inspectors depends significantly on the height of the flaw. A significant difference in the average value of the change in the probability of detecting flaws and the standard deviation during inspection by flaw detection and defectometry techniques is associated with the difference in the amount of information provided by the inspection techniques and the individual characteristics of the inspectors.

DIFFERENTIATED APPROACH TO FOREIGN LANGUAGE TRAINING IN NON-LINGUISTIC HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatyana Klets ◽  
Oksana Malysheva ◽  
Nadezhda Presnyakova
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Language Education ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Methodological Principle ◽  
Language Training ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Individual

In the Russian system of foreign language education, learner-centred approach is seen as a leading strategic direction designed to ensure self-realization of the learner as a linguistic personality able to interact effectively in the intercultural context. The problem of differentiation is one of the central issues in learner-centred education. In authors’ opinion, the differentiated approach is the most optimal in the conditions of the heterogeneity of the study groups. The article reveals the main characteristics of a differentiated approach as a general methodological principle of teaching, allowing to take into account the individual, intellectual and psychophysiological characteristics of students. The problems, advantages and disadvantages of differentiated education in non-linguistic higher schools are analyzed. The authors of the article examine the essence of multilevel training, define its principles, describe both the external differentiation of students depending on the difference in linguistic competence and the internal differentiation as the organization of the learning process, in which the individual characteristics of students are contemplated in the conditions of a homogeneous group. Generalization of the experience on the afore-mentioned differentiation forms in the system of language training is given as well as some techniques and methods of teaching in multilevel groups are offered. 

scholarly journals Does China’s Low-Carbon Pilot Policy Promote Foreign Direct Investment? An Empirical Study Based on City-Level Panel Data of China

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 10848
Author(s):  
Chang Zhao ◽  
Bing Wang
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Difference In Difference ◽  
Promotion Effect ◽  
Policy Effect ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Individual

As an important driving force of China’s economic growth, foreign direct investment (FDI) may be affected by China’s low-carbon pilot policy. Therefore, this paper regards the low-carbon pilot policy as a quasi-natural experiment, and uses the difference-in-difference (DID) model and the panel data of 189 cities in China from 2011 to 2018 to explore the actual impact and intermediary mechanism of low-carbon pilot policy on FDI. The study found that low-carbon pilot policy has a significant promotion effect on FDI, and industrial optimization and upgrading is an important way. At the same time, we construct the difference-in-difference-in-difference (DDD) model, and discuss the heterogeneity of policy effect caused by resource endowments and the individual characteristics of government officials in the process of policy implementation. The results indicate that resource-rich cities can enhance the promotion effect of low-carbon pilot policy on FDI. Similarly, when the mayor of the pilot city is a female, or obtains a master’s degree or a doctorate degree, or majored in non-economics, respectively, the policy effect will be more obvious. In addition, in order to verify the reliability of the research conclusions, this paper also uses a placebo test and data truncation to conduct a series of robustness tests.

scholarly journals ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ФОРМОУТВОРЕННЯ ГЛАМУРНОГО КОСТЮМА 1930–1950-х РОКІВ

2018 ◽  
pp. 65-74
Author(s):  
В. В. Будяк
Keyword(s):  
Professional Training ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
The Body ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Design Practice ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Film Studios ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
The Individual

To analyze the costumes of Hollywood actresses in the period 1930 – 1950's, which became the basis for the formation of typical structures of a glamor costume in the XX century; to establish the peculiarities of their formation and to determine their place in the structure of a fashionable costume of the beginning of the XXI century.  The stylistic and associative methods of studying the artistic compositional features of the glamorous outfit of actresses as a creative source in contemporary design practice have been used, the comparative-historical method and the method of system-comparative analysis have been applied, which allowed to carry out the general typology of structures of a glamor suit of a certain period and to establish the peculiarities of its formation.  The research shows how in 1930 – 1950's designers of American film studios developed stylistics of a glamorous suit, focusing on the individual characteristics of the body of the structure and appearance of the actresses, their role in the film industry. The results obtained concerning the structures of costumes of actresses and the peculiarities of their formation make it possible to characterize the artistic and compositional features of a glamorous costume and to show that they became the basis for the formation of typical images, and eventually – the typological structures of a glamor style suit, which before that time remain relevant and practically unchanged in the design of promising forms of clothing in stylistics of glamor. The peculiarities of the formation of a glamor suit in a certain period are established; outlined the formative searches of the designers of the cinema industry in the development of stylistics of glamor, which was reflected, first of all, in the formation of typical costume structures, its silhouette forms, constructive-compositional solution, the application of materials and their decorating; the basic means of embodiment of typical figurative-stylistic and formal-compositional signs of style of glamor in modern design practice are established. The practical significance of the work lies in the fact that the main results of the study may be useful for the development and production of clothing collections in the style of glamor; Provide capacious information on figurative-stylistic and formally-constructive characteristics of the typical glamor style of costume structures, silhouette forms and methods of shaping in general. The results can be used in the professional training of designers in order to improve the quality of design and art solutions in the development of collections of fashionable clothing that meet the aesthetic demands of contemporaries.

scholarly journals Individual features of geometric figures discrimination by three species of reptiles

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 149-160
Author(s):  
Roman.V. Zhelankin ◽  
Irina G. Skotnikova ◽  
Lyubov A. Selivanova ◽  
Anastasia S. Dmitrieva
Keyword(s):  
Visual Information ◽  
Visual Recognition ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Color Recognition ◽  
Making Choices ◽  
Reptile Species ◽  
The Individual ◽  
First Time

Background (context). The individual characteristics of reptiles have been studied less than that of other classes of animals. One of the basic properties of their individuality, impulsivity, on which behavior and the solution of cognitive tasks in humans and animals significantly depend, has not been practically investigated. Objective. To study manifestations of impulsivity in decision-making in visual recognition in three types of reptiles. Design. In ten experiments, each of six individuals of three reptile species chose one of two paths in the task of distinguishing geometric shapes in mazes. The indicators of the percentage of erroneous choices and the average time for making choices were evaluated relative to the corresponding median values, similar to the study of a person’s impulsivity when choosing among similar visual images in the Kagan test. Results. Among the individuals of each species, four individual typological groups were distinguished: impulsive, slow — accurate, fast — accurate, and slow — inaccurate. This confirmed the authors’ hypothesis based on their study of color recognition in common grass snakes. In slow — accurate and slow — inaccurate individuals, repeated turns to the stimuli being compared were observed before they made a decision, apparently reflecting the expanded analysis of visual information, unlike in most impulsive and fast-accurate individuals. Conclusions. The four individual-typological groups identified in the three types of reptiles in the task of visual recognition are similar in terms of impulsivity to the known groups of people identified in a similar task. The differences in the behavioral reactions of individuals of the four typological groups of reptiles before making a decision correspond to the different psychological content of such a choice in these groups. Our results, which were obtained for reptiles for the first time, confirm the concept of impulsivity as one of the fundamental biologically determined characteristics of individuality, which is valid for other species of animals and humans. In the future it would be useful to find out: 1. Whether the following methods of studying impulsivity evaluate the same individual characteristic of animals: the well-known method of choosing the type of reinforcement and the auto method of choosing the path in the labyrinth with visual discrimination; 2. Do the assessments of impulsivity by these methods correlate with assessments of courage in reactions to a new object, territory and food? The practical significance of the work lies in the fact that knowledge of the individual characteristics of reptiles allows us to develop scientifically based recommendations for maintaining their well-being in zoos and nurseries.

Endogenous Household Classification: Russian Regions

2021 ◽  
pp. 107-128
Author(s):  
A. R. Nartikoev ◽  
A. A. Peresetsky
Keyword(s):  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Intergroup Dynamics ◽  
Great Flexibility ◽  
Lognormal Distributions ◽  
Mixture Density ◽  
Distribution Parameters ◽  
Federal Districts ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Distribution Of Income

In order to study the structure of society, sociologists usually distinguish several homogeneous social groups, or classes. The most common division consists of three groups: upper, middle and lower classes. Such a partition is traditionally based on a subjective (exogenous) criteria adopted by a particular researcher. In this paper, the distribution of households in Russian federal districts is modeled as a mixture of three lognormal distributions. The mixing proportions (probabilities) of the mixture components and the corresponding distribution parameters are modeled as functions of the individual characteristics of households. The result is an endogenous decomposition of household sample into three clusters (lower, middle, upper). This classification allows analyzing the difference between regions and the patterns of intergroup dynamics in the period 2014—2018. The approach used in this work has demonstrated great flexibility in analyzing the distribution of income, the dynamics of this distribution over time, as well as a migration between relatively homogeneous clusters. The use of mixture density function with endogenously determined probabilities allows for precise detection of the effects of the income heterogeneity determinants within each cluster.

scholarly journals Studying the Transitivity of Motivation Ratings

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 8-24
Author(s):  
Yulia Tumeneva ◽  
Kseniya Vergeles
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Basic Assumption ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Ordinal Scale ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Likert Scales ◽  
The Social ◽  
Unit Of Measurement ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Individual

Measurement in social sciences implies that the measured feature is quantitative, or in other words that it is possible not only to arrange the values of any given attribute, but also to express the difference between ordered magnitudes using a certain unit of measurement. However the need to verify this basic assumption is often ignored. And though there are a few possible excuses for this, but fundamentally this neglect distracts the social sciences from its main task of exploring reality. In this work, one of the requirements for the ordinal structure of motives was checked, namely the requirement of transitivity: if a > b and b > c, then a > c. If transitivity is not observed, then motives cannot be evaluated even on an ordinal scale (“more – less”, “stronger – weaker”), not to mention their quantitative measurement, which all methods that use Likert scales are supposedly tailored to. On a sample of 250 students, it was shown that about half of the respondents established transitivity when arranging their motives (internal, external and social ones), which justifies the use of ordinal scales for motivation assessment, at least for these motives and for two values: “more” and “less”; however, even in these cases, further validation of the assumptions about additivity when it comes to measuring motives is required to justify the use of Likert scales. The other part of the respondents (about 40%) could neither distinguish nor arrange their motives, therefore not only measuring, but even defining the order of their motives in these cases is impossible. It is concluded that the transitivity error is associated with the individual characteristics of the respondents and requires further study as a systematic error.

scholarly journals DIFFERENTIATED APPROACH TO FOREIGN LANGUAGE TRAINING IN NON-LINGUISTIC HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 534
Author(s):  
Tatyana Klets ◽  
Oksana Malysheva ◽  
Nadezhda Presnyakova
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Language Education ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Methodological Principle ◽  
Language Training ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Individual

In the Russian system of foreign language education, learner-centred approach is seen as a leading strategic direction designed to ensure self-realization of the learner as a linguistic personality able to interact effectively in the intercultural context. The problem of differentiation is one of the central issues in learner-centred education. In authors’ opinion, the differentiated approach is the most optimal in the conditions of the heterogeneity of the study groups. The article reveals the main characteristics of a differentiated approach as a general methodological principle of teaching, allowing to take into account the individual, intellectual and psychophysiological characteristics of students. The problems, advantages and disadvantages of differentiated education in non-linguistic higher schools are analyzed. The authors of the article examine the essence of multilevel training, define its principles, describe both the external differentiation of students depending on the difference in linguistic competence and the internal differentiation as the organization of the learning process, in which the individual characteristics of students are contemplated in the conditions of a homogeneous group. Generalization of the experience on the afore-mentioned differentiation forms in the system of language training is given as well as some techniques and methods of teaching in multilevel groups are offered.

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