scholarly journals Chemical Studies and Antibacterial Activity of the Root of Rumex abyssinicus

2020 ◽  
pp. 155-173
Author(s):  
Sisay Awoke ◽  
Chalachew Gedamu
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Chromatographic Separation ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Endemic Plants ◽  
Chemical Studies ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Column Chromatographic ◽  
Antibacterial Evaluation

One of the Ethiopian endemic plants used traditionally as medicine for different diseases is Rumex abyssinicus. It is widely known as ‘Meqmeqo’ in Amharic. The aim of this study was to isolate and characterize compounds from the root of R. abyssinicus and to test their bioactivities of solvent fractions of the extract. The crude extract was extracted from dried powdered root of the plant with methanol. Then it was fractionated with n‑hexane and ethyl acetate with increasing polarity. The yellow powder obtained from ethyl acetate fractionation was applied to column chromatographic separation that led to the isolation of two compounds, diisobutyl phthalate and emodine. Finally, antibacterial evaluation of the ethyl acetate and methanol soluble portions were carried out against four pathogenic bacteria. Both methanol and ethyl acetate soluble portions inhibited all selected bacterial in better at high concentrations.

scholarly journals Identification and Antibacterial Evaluation of Selected Jordanian Medicinal Plants

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 2456-2463
Author(s):  
Wael A. Al-Zereini ◽  
Fuad Al-Rimawi ◽  
Saleh Abu-Lafi ◽  
Fadi Alakhras ◽  
Ghassab M. Al-Mazaideh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Hplc Analysis ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Antibacterial Evaluation

Dried aerial parts of three medicinal plants grown wild in Jordan, namely Ononis natrix L., Salvia spinosa L. and Salvia verbenace L., were extracted upon soaking with ethyl acetate by continuous shaking at room temperature for three days. The extracts were analyzed for their phenolic and flavonoids content by HPLC-PDA. The HPLC analysis of the plant extracts revealed the presence of flavonoids and phenolic compounds in the three plant extracts. The antibacterial activity of the crude extract was evaluated. The PDA wavelengths range was from 227-347 nm. Bioactivities were attributed mainly to the immense content of phenol-based compounds in plants.

scholarly journals Investigations on Terminalia arjuna Fruits: Part 2- Isolation of Compound from ethyl Acetate Fraction

1970 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-290
Author(s):  
M Zahurul Haque ◽  
M Abdullah As Saki ◽  
M Umar Ali ◽  
M Yusuff Ali ◽  
M Abdullah-Al Maruf
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Chromatographic Separation ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Spectroscopic Studies ◽  
Terminalia Arjuna ◽  
Isolation And Purification ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Chemical Studies ◽  
Column Chromatographic

Arjun (Terminalia arjuna) is used in traditional medicines for the treatment of various diseases (Ahmed, 2002). The phyto-chemical studies shows that the plant contains active and medicinal principles like glycosides, alkaloids, steroids, tennins etc (Ahmed, 2002). The chemical examinations of its fruits were taken up to isolate and identify active principles. For this purpose fresh fruits of Terminalia arjuna were extracted with rectified spirit. The extract was then triturated with ethyl acetate, which was then subjected to column chromatographic separation followed by PTLC. Such separation led to the isolation and purification of compound, sitosteryl-3-o-ß-Dglucoside. The structure of compound was characterized by IR, 1H-NMR and 13CNMR spectroscopic studies. Key words : Arjun, Phyto-chemical studies, Sitosteryl, Glucosidy, Chromatographic separation.DOI: 10.3329/bjsir.v43i2.974 Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 43(2),283-290 , 2008

scholarly journals UJI EFEKTIVITAS DAUN PANDAN WANGI (PANDANUS AMARYLLIFOLIUS ROXB.) SEBAGAI ANTIBAKTERI TERHADAP SALMONELLA TYPHI

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Priska Nancy Claudia Bali ◽  
Ahmad Raif ◽  
Setia Budi Tarigan
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Inhibition Zone Diameter ◽  
Negative Controls ◽  
Pandanus Amaryllifolius ◽  
Positive Controls

Pandanus amaryllifolius roxb leaves commonly used as food dditives which contain various compound groups namely alkaloid, saponins, flavonoids and tannins that have a role in antibacterial activity. This research is indicated to support the success of antibacterial in fragrant pandanus leaf plants against Salmonella typhi, one of the pathogenic bacteria. The antibacterial effectiveness test of ethanol-ethyl acetate extract (1: 1) of pandanus leaves which evaluated by the Kirby-bauer method and making the extract concentrations of 25%, 50%, 75%, 100%. The results showed that pandanus leaves extract had antibacterial effectiveness against Salmonella typhi with an average inhibition zone diameter of 11.6 mm; 14 mm; 14.3 mm; 15.3 mm; positive controls (Ciprofloxacin) 27 mm; and negative controls (aquadest) didn’t produce the inhibition zone of Salmonella typhi.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity of Cissus quadrangularis Stem Extract on the Pathogenic and Industrial Waste Watered Bacteria

2020 ◽  
pp. 28-38
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Cissus Quadrangularis

Cissus quadrangularis (Vitaceae) is a popular climber conspicuous by its flesh quadrangular stem widespread throughout Bangladesh. The in vitro antimicrobial activity of C. quadrangularis extracts was studied against selected pathogenic bacteria, industrial wasted bacteria, and broth dilution assay. The most commonly used method of microbiological assay is the disc diffusion method. C. quadrangularis stem extracted with four solvents (Petroleum spirit, methanol, ethyl acetate, and dichloromethane) were tested for antimicrobial activities against some pathogenic microorganisms Sarcina lutea (002-1), Xanthomonas campestris (004-1), Escherichia coli (005-1), Klebsiella pneumonia (006-1) and some industrial (Tannery, Tobacco, and Sugar mill) waste watered bacteria by disc diffusion method. Among the four extracts, ethyl acetate showed moderate antibacterial activity against X. campestris (004-1) and industrial watered bacteria. But, the commercial disc Oxicycline doesn’t show any antibacterial activity against the industrial waste watered bacteria. Petroleum spirit, methanol, and dichloromethane extract were ineffective against all of the tested bacteria.

scholarly journals Extraction and Isolation of Compound from Roots of Kniphofia pumila, and Its Antibacterial Activities in Combination with Zinc Chloride

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 631-638
Author(s):  
Dele ABDISSA ◽  
Gezahegn FAYE ◽  
Melkamu FAYERA ◽  
Shiferaw DEMISSIE
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Pure Compound ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Isolated Compound

Kniphofia pumila has been traditionally used for the treatment of different diseases in Oromiya regional state, western part of Ethiopia. Thus, the main objective of this study was to extract bioactive natural products from the roots of K. pumila and perform in vitro antibacterial activity tests against selected pathogens. Extraction of compound from the roots of K. pumila was carried out by maceration method at room temperature and its antibacterial activity was done using agar disc diffusion method. The crude extracts alone and along with ZnCl2 were tested against pathogenic bacteria Escherichia coli (ATCC 25722), Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. pneumoniae (DSM 19613), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25925) and Salmonella Typhimurium (ATCC 13311). Following its promising activity, the acetone crude extract that have shown better antibacterial activity was subjected to column chromatography for isolation of pure compound. Hence, one pure compound (GZ-1) was obtained from acetone crude extract. Meanwhile, the antibacterial activities of the isolated compound alone and in combination with ZnCl2 were also performed against all aforementioned bacterial strains. Then, isolated compound was characterized by using NMR spectroscopic techniques such as 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and, 2D NMR, so as to establish its structure as 3’-acetyl-2’,6’-dihydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl-1,8-dihydroxy-3-methylanthraquinone, trivial name knipholone. Finally, GZ-1 was isolated from the roots of K. pumila and it was noted that the antibacterial activities of ZnCl2 in combination with crude extract as well as with isolated compound against E. coli (ATCC 25722), S. aureus (ATCC 25925) and S. Typhimurium (ATCC 13311) bacterial strains showed remarkable results which were greater than the antibacterial activity of the positive standard drug (gentamycin). To sum up, from the chromatographic isolation of roots acetone extract of K. pumila one pure compound (knipholone) was obtained. Its antibacterial activity was also evaluated in combination with ZnCl2 salt and alone.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Antibacterial Activity of Solanum Xantocarpum SCH & WEND (Fruit) Against Pathogens Isolated From Diabetic Foot Ulcer

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 246
Author(s):  
Shubha. K S ◽  
Lakshmidevi. N
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Foot Ulcer ◽  
Diabetic Foot Ulcer ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Inhibitory Zone ◽  
E Coli

<div><p><em>In<strong> </strong>the present study efficacy of various solvent extracts of S. xantocarpum fruit  was assed against  six pathogenic bacteria Proteus, E. coli, Klebsiella, Pseudomonas, Enterobacter and S. aureus, isolated from  diabetic foot ulcer.  Among the different extracts ethyl acetate showed highest activity in terms of inhibitory zone against E. coli, where as in ethanol extract significant activity was seen against Enterobacter.<strong></strong></em></p></div>

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity of Liverworts of Dumortiera hirsute (Sw.) Nees Ethyl Acetate Extract Against Pathogenic Bacteria

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Luthfiah Luthfiah ◽  
Dwi Setyati ◽  
Sattya Arimurti
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Agar Well Diffusion Method

Dumortiera hirsuta is one of the liverworts that can be used as a medicinal to prevent infection by pathogenic bacteria. The content of secondary metabolites of D. hirsuta has potential as antibacterial properties includes flavonoids, alkaloids and steroids. This research is to analyze the antibacterial activity of moss D. hirsuta against pathogenic bacteria that will be beneficial to humans. Liverworts of D. hirsuta were extracted using ethyl acetate solvent and tested against three types of pathogenic bacteria using the agar well-diffusion method. The results of this study indicated that the ethyl acetate extract of D. hirsuta at 100% concentration could inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Salmonella typhi bacteria. The range of antibacterial activity categories of the ethyl acetate extract of D. hirsuta to E. coli, S. aureus, and S. typhi between weak to moderate.

scholarly journals ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF MANGROVE Brugueira gymnorrhiza STEM EXTRACTS AGAINST PATHOGENIC BACTERIA Vibrio cholerae

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-61
Author(s):  
Angga Crystal Loasana Yami ◽  
Irmanida Batubara ◽  
Kholis Abdurachim Audah
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Dpph Method

Background : The treatment of some diseases caused by free radicals and pathogenic bacteria usually by using antioxidants and antibiotics. Due to excessive use of antibiotics and other environmental cues, some bacteria are now resistant to certain antibiotics or even to multiple antibiotics. Some Vibrio cholerae bacterial strains are multiresistant to many antibiotics.Objective : The antioxidant and antibacterial activities of Brugueira gymnorrhiza stem extracts against pathogenic bacteria V. cholerae.Method : The B. gymnorrhiza stem was extracted by gradient maceration method. The DPPH method was used to determine the antioxidant activity and the disc diffusion method was used to determine the antibacterial activities. The column chromatography method was used to fractionate the selective extract with the best activity. The LC-MS/MS method was used to identify the compound obtained from the fraction with the best antioxidant and antibacterial activity.Result : Ethyl acetate extract of B. gymnorrhiza stem had the best antibacterial activity with MIC and MBC values of 62.50 mg/L. Ethyl acetate extract also showed the best value of antioxidant activity as indicated by an IC50 value of 255.03 mg/L. The results of fractions test showed that fraction 3 had the best antibacterial and the best antioxidant activities with both the MIC and MBC values of 7.90 mg/L and IC50 value of 348.91 mg/L, respectively.Conclusion : Ethyl acetate extract of B. gymnorrhiza stem has good potential as antioxidant and antibacterial. The compound which is thought as antioxidant and antibacterial from Ethyl acetate extract is 2-Ethyl-4-methyl-1H-imidazole.

scholarly journals Identification and Antibacterial Characterization of Endophytic Fungi from Artemisia sieberi

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Ibtisam Mohammed Ababutain ◽  
Sahar Khamees Aldosary ◽  
Amal Abdulaziz Aljuraifani ◽  
Azzah Ibrahim Alghamdi ◽  
Amira Hassan Alabdalall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Molecular Identification ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Artemisia Sieberi

Endophytic fungi serve as a reservoir for important secondary metabolites. The current study focused on the antibacterial properties of endophytic fungi isolated from Artemisia sieberi. Initially, six endophytic fungi were isolated and purified from the stem of A. sieberi. Endophytic fungi were identified by morphological characteristics, as well as by molecular identification using 18S rRNA gene sequencing method. All the six isolates were subjected to the preliminary screening for their antibacterial activity against nine important pathogenic bacteria using the disk-diffusion method. Crude extracts of the most active isolate were obtained using ethyl acetate. Antibacterial activity of the ethyl acetate extract was evaluated using well diffusion method on the selected isolate. The antibacterial efficiency of the selected isolate was evaluated by determining the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC). MIC values were in appreciable quantity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria ranging from 3.125 to 6.25 µg/mL and 12.5 to 50 µg/mL, respectively. This result indicated that Gram-positive bacteria were more susceptible to the endophytic fungi extract. Moreover, the molecular identification results revealed that all the isolates belong to Ascomycota and represented Aspergillus and Penicillium genera and three species: A. oryzae (three isolates), A. niger (one isolate), and P. chrysogenum (two isolates). All six endophytic fungi were able to inhibit the growth of at least two of the tested bacteria. Among the isolated strains, isolate AS2, which identified as P. chrysogenum, exhibited the highest antibacterial activity against all nine tested bacteria and was higher than or equal to the positive control against most of the tested bacteria. Future studies are required to isolate and identify these bioactive substances, which can be considered as a potential source for the synthesis of new antibacterial drugs to treat infectious diseases.

Bactericidal activity of Sargassum aquifolium (Turner) C. Agardh against Gram-positive and Gram-negative biofilm-forming pathogenic bacteria

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nilushi Indika Bamunuarachchi ◽  
Fazlurrahman Khan ◽  
Young-Mog Kim
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Bactericidal Activity ◽  
Brown Algae ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Human Pathogenic Bacteria

Aim: To study the bactericidal activity of crude ethanolic extract and fractionations obtained from Sargassum aquifolium (Turner) C. Agardh (brown algae) towards Gram-positive bacteria and Gram-negative biofilm-forming human pathogenic bacteria. Background: The increasing emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the hospital and community settings lead to the discovery of alternative strategies. Marine organisms are considered as one of the potential sources of the diverse bioactive molecules against several biological activities. Hence, the algae especially the marine brown algae were selected to evaluate its antibacterial activities towards biofilm-forming human pathogenic bacteria. Objective: To restrain the drug-resistant ability of pathogenic bacteria, we have checked the extract of Sargassum aquifolium (Turner) C. Agardh (Phyophyceae) for the concerned bioactive compounds. Methods: Antibacterial activity towards both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria was evaluated using disk diffusion and broth microdilution assays. Furthermore, the active compound present in the extracts were also identified using gaschromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). Results: A total of 21 bioactive compounds were identified using GC-MS analysis with different chemical natures. The crude ethanolic extraction was fractionated sequentially according to the eluotropic series from less to extreme polar. The highest zone of inhibition was recorded for ethanolic extract on Listeria monocytogenes with a value of 38.00±0.17 mm and the lowest was 10.67±0.06 mm for ethyl acetate fraction on Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Ethyl acetate fractionate showed a higher effectivity than other fractionations. 256 µg/mL MIC value was recorded against Staphylococcus aureus and L. monocytogenes and 512 µg/mL against Escherichia coli and P. aeruginosa. Its ethanolic extract also showed synergism with oxytetracycline on S. aureus, L. monocytogenes, and E. coli. Furthermore, the same extracts also showed synergism with tetracycline on E. coli and with erythromycin on P. aeruginosa. Conclusion: The present study reports the antibacterial activity of the S. aquifolium (Turner) C. Agardh extracts against human pathogenic bacteria. Furthermore, it also predicts the synergistic activity of selected antibiotic combinations against both selected Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria.

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