UJI EFEKTIVITAS DAUN PANDAN WANGI (PANDANUS AMARYLLIFOLIUS ROXB.) SEBAGAI ANTIBAKTERI TERHADAP SALMONELLA TYPHI

Pandanus amaryllifolius roxb leaves commonly used as food dditives which contain various compound groups namely alkaloid, saponins, flavonoids and tannins that have a role in antibacterial activity. This research is indicated to support the success of antibacterial in fragrant pandanus leaf plants against Salmonella typhi, one of the pathogenic bacteria. The antibacterial effectiveness test of ethanol-ethyl acetate extract (1: 1) of pandanus leaves which evaluated by the Kirby-bauer method and making the extract concentrations of 25%, 50%, 75%, 100%. The results showed that pandanus leaves extract had antibacterial effectiveness against Salmonella typhi with an average inhibition zone diameter of 11.6 mm; 14 mm; 14.3 mm; 15.3 mm; positive controls (Ciprofloxacin) 27 mm; and negative controls (aquadest) didn’t produce the inhibition zone of Salmonella typhi.

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Antibacterial Activity of Liverworts of Dumortiera hirsute (Sw.) Nees Ethyl Acetate Extract Against Pathogenic Bacteria

BERKALA SAINSTEK ◽

10.19184/bst.v9i2.22645 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 75

Author(s):

Luthfiah Luthfiah ◽

Dwi Setyati ◽

Sattya Arimurti

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽

Antibacterial Properties ◽

Salmonella Typhi ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

E Coli ◽

Agar Well Diffusion Method

Dumortiera hirsuta is one of the liverworts that can be used as a medicinal to prevent infection by pathogenic bacteria. The content of secondary metabolites of D. hirsuta has potential as antibacterial properties includes flavonoids, alkaloids and steroids. This research is to analyze the antibacterial activity of moss D. hirsuta against pathogenic bacteria that will be beneficial to humans. Liverworts of D. hirsuta were extracted using ethyl acetate solvent and tested against three types of pathogenic bacteria using the agar well-diffusion method. The results of this study indicated that the ethyl acetate extract of D. hirsuta at 100% concentration could inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Salmonella typhi bacteria. The range of antibacterial activity categories of the ethyl acetate extract of D. hirsuta to E. coli, S. aureus, and S. typhi between weak to moderate.

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AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK BIJI KAPULAGA (Amomum compactum Sol. Ex Maton)

Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia ◽

10.14203/jkti.v17i2.28 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 119-129

Author(s):

Dede Sukandar ◽

Sandra Hermanto ◽

Eka Rizki Amelia ◽

Muhamad Zaenudin

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Column Chromatography ◽

Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽

Inhibition Zone ◽

Inhibition Zone Diameter ◽

E Coli ◽

Zone Diameter ◽

Amomum Compactum

Testing of antibacterial activity against ethyl acetate extract local cardamom seeds (Amomum compactum Sol. Ex Maton) has been performed. Extraction was carried out using the soxhlet method with methanol solvent and liquid-liquid partitioned with n-hexane, ethyl acetate and n-butanol solvent, antibacterial activity test was performed using the disc diffusion method, fractionation using column chromatography and characterization of active fractions using chromatography GCMS, UV-vis and FTIR spectroscopy. The test results showed that the antibacterial activity of ethyl acetate extract had the highest antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli with inhibition zone diameter of respectively 15.15 ± 1.34 and 13.50 ± 0.70 mm at a concentration of 3200 mg/mL. Results of fractionation of the ethyl acetate fraction using column chromatography with a mobile phase of ethyl acetate: n-hexane (3: 2) yielded three fractions, namely F1 (14.6 mg), F2 (8.1 mg) and F3 (4.6 mg). Fraction 2 had the highest antibacterial activity against S. aureus with inhibition zone diameter of 12.34 ± 0.07 mm at a concentration of 800 ug/mL. The results of the characterization of the fraction 2 obtained using GCMS analysis of three antibacterial compounds suspected of 2.9-dihydroxy-1,8-cineol; 2,4-dihydroxy-1,8-cineol and 2,2-methylene bis [6- (1,1-dimethylethyl) -4-ethyl] phenol. The results of the F2 fraction characterization using UV-Vis spectroscopy showed the presence of group C = C conjugated chromophore at λmax 223 nm and are based on analysis using FTIR there -OH alcohol functional group (3372 cm-1), aliphatic -CH (2926 and 2854 cm-1) , C = C (1695 cm-1), aliphatic CH2 (1402 cm-1), CH3 aliphatic (1384 cm-1), and C-O (1203; 1126; 1091 and 1043 cm-1). Keywords: Antibacterial, S. aureus, E. coli, Amomum compactum Sol. Ex Maton, disk diffusion

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Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Metanol dan Fraksi Daun Kenikir (Cosmos caudatus Kunth) terhadap Salmonella typhi

Pustaka Kesehatan ◽

10.19184/pk.v8i3.13008 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 177

Author(s):

Achmad Syarifudin Noor ◽

Bawon Triatmoko ◽

Nuri Nuri

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Typhoid Fever ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

Inhibition Zone ◽

Salmonella Typhi ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Disk Diffusion Method ◽

Water Fraction ◽

Zone Diameter

The leaves of kenikir are known to have many benefits, one of which can be used as medicine. Kenikir leaves are reported to have antibacterial activity against the bacteria Salmonella typhi (S.typhi). S. typhi is a bacterium that causes typhoid fever. Typhoid fever is still an endemic disease in Asian countries, especially Indonesia. Typhoid fever became the third largest disease in Indonesia in 2010. The study related to the antibacterial activity of kenikir leaf fraction to S. typhi has never been reported. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct research related to the antibacterial activity of extracts and leaf fractions of kenikir to compare their potential against S. typhi. The study was conducted using the disk diffusion method using 5 series of concentrations namely 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 30%. Tests were carried out on methanol extract, hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol-water fraction. The results showed that highest inhibition zone diameter is 7,75 mm which is reached by methanol extract. The order of the highest inhibiting zone diameter are extract, hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol-water fraction.

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Antibacterial Activities of Endophytic Fungi Isolated from Mentha cordifolia Leaves and Their Volatile Constituents

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1601100941 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (9) ◽

pp. 1934578X1601100

Author(s):

Sakon Monggoot ◽

Jariya Burawat ◽

Patcharee Pripdeevech

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Endophytic Fungi ◽

Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽

Inhibition Zone ◽

Antibacterial Activities ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

High Concentration ◽

Phenyl Ethyl Alcohol ◽

First Time

A total of 17 endophytic fungal isolates were obtained from the leaves of Mentha cordifolia Opiz (Lamiaceae). Seven isolates were identified to the level of genus by using taxonomically relevant morphological traits. Colletotrichum and Phomopsis species were dominant among these strains. All strains were separated from M. cordifolia leaf for the first time. The ethyl acetate extracts of all endophytic fungi were tested for antibacterial activity against Salmonella typhimurium TISTR1166 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa TISTR781. Most endophytes exhibited antibacterial activity. Ustilago sp. MFLUCC15-1024 presented the highest inhibition zone diameter with a MIC of 31.25 μg/mL against the tested pathogens. The chemical composition of the ethyl acetate extract of this strain was investigated using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Twenty-one components were identified. 2-Phenylethanol (38.7%), E-ligustilide (12.4%), α-eudesmol (10.2%), β-vetivone (4.6%), β-ylangene (3.7%) and verbanol (3.4%) were the major components of the extract. The strong antibacterial activity of Ustilago sp. MFLUCC15-1024 ethyl acetate extract may be attributed to the presence of a high concentration of bioactive compounds including phenyl ethyl alcohol, E-ligustilide and α-eudesmol. The results indicate that there is high diversity of endophytic fungi in M. cordifolia leaf, and that Ustilago sp. MFLUCC15-1024 strain could be an excellent resource of natural antibacterial compounds.

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Bioactive Compounds Isolated from Indonesian Epiphytic Plant of Sarang Semut and Their Antibacterial Activity against Pathogenic Oral Bacteria

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1701200814 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 12 (8) ◽

pp. 1934578X1701200 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Dikdik Kurnia ◽

Dadan Sumiarsa ◽

Hendra D.A. Dharsono ◽

Mieke H. Satari

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Streptococcus Mutans ◽

Enterococcus Faecalis ◽

Porphyromonas Gingivalis ◽

Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽

Inhibition Zone ◽

Steroid Glycoside ◽

Oral Bacteria ◽

Epiphytic Plant

A new phenolic compound (1), a steroid (2), a new steroid glycoside (4), two triterpenoids (3 & 6) and a new phloroglucinol-sesquiterpene (5) have been isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of Sarang Semut ( Myrmecodia pendans) and their structures were determined on the basis of the spectral data. The bioactivity evaluation was conducted with the inhibition zone of compounds (mm) using Kirby-Bauer method at concentrations of 1000 and 5000 ppm for compound 1 against pathogenic oral bacteria Enterococcus faecalis, was 8.55 and 8.05 mm, respectively. Compounds 2–3 against Streptococcus mutans were 9.00 and 8.45 mm (2) and 10.24 and 9.35 mm (3), respectively. Compound 5 against Porphyromonas gingivalis was 11.5 and 10.8 mm, respectively.

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Antibacterial activity of endosymbiotic fungi isolated from marine sponges collected from Kotok Kecil Island, Seribu Islands, Jakarta

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/948/1/012069 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 948 (1) ◽

pp. 012069

Author(s):

R Trifani ◽

Noverita ◽

T A Hadi ◽

E Sinaga

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽

Inhibition Zone ◽

Marine Sponges ◽

Disc Diffusion ◽

Active Compounds ◽

E Coli ◽

Stylissa Carteri ◽

Further Development

Abstract Endosymbiont fungi from marine sponges are a rich source of medicinally active compounds. Indonesia has a huge number of marine sponges. This research was conducted to determine the antibacterial potential of endosymbiont fungi isolated from marine sponges collected from Kotok Kecil Island, Seribu Islands. The screening was conducted with two methods, the modified GIBEX and disc diffusion. Species of marine sponges were isolated, namely Petrosia sp., Stylissa carteri, Cinachyrella australiensis, Callyspongia sp., Petrosia nigrians, and Stylissa massa, and obtained 9 isolates of endosymbiont fungi. The GIBEX test against Escherichia coli and Streptococcus mutans showed that ethyl acetate extract had strongest antibacterial activity. Disc diffusion test of ethyl acetate extract, five isolates had antibacterial activity against S. mutans and four against E. coli. The isolate that showed the strongest antibacterial activity was from Petrosia sp. Which has an inhibition zone of 8.4 mm against E. coli and 7.45 mm against S. mutans. The main active compounds from the isolate of Petrosia sp. are butylhydroxytoluene and phthalic acid di-(2-propylpentyl) esters. Based on this study, we concluded that the endosymbiont fungi of marine sponges are potential to be developed for further development as source of antibacterial agents.

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AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK DAUN TENGGULUN (Protium javanicum Burm. F.) TERHADAP BAKTERI Staphylococcus aureus

Jurnal Kimia ◽

10.24843/jchem.2020.v14.i01.p10 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 56

Author(s):

N. M. Puspawati ◽

N. L. P. F. Widiari ◽

I M. Sukadana

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽

Inhibition Zone ◽

Spectra Analysis ◽

Minimum Concentration ◽

Butanol Extract ◽

Leaf Powder ◽

Inhibition Zones

This study aims to examine the antibacterial activity of n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol extract of tenggulun leaves (Protium javanicum Burm. F.) in inhibiting the growth of S. aureus bacteria and determine the minimum inhibitory concentration of the most active extracts and identify its active compounds. A total of 1000 g of tenggulun leaf powder was macerated with methanol and 91.78 g of crude methanol extract was obtained which was further partitioned into n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol extracts. Antibacterial activity test was carried out using the diffusion well method and the result showed that the ethyl acetate extract at a concentration of 20% was strongly able to inhibit the growth of S. aureus bacteria with inhibition zones of 20.08 mm, followed by n-butanol 16.66 mm, and n-hexane 13.33 mm. The minimum concentration of ethyl acetate extract was 0.2% in inhibiting the growth of S. aureus with inhibition zone diameter of 6.20 mm. Separation of the active ethyl acetate extract was conducted by silica gel column chromatography with mobile phase of n-hexane: ethyl acetate (7.5: 2.5) gave 6 combined fractions. Fractions B, G, H and I showed antibacterial activity at concentrations of 50% with a diameter of inhibition zone of 5.62 mm, 6.87 mm, 8.50 mm, and 6.75 mm respectively. The results of mass spectra analysis from the chromatogram peaks of LC-MS / MS suggested that the G and I fractions were tentatively identified as crotarin, benzophenone-2, and medroxyprogesterone acetate which may contributed to the antibacterial activity by acting synergisticly. Keywords: antibacterial, tenggulun, Staphylococcus aureus, LC-MS/MS.

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ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF MANGROVE Brugueira gymnorrhiza STEM EXTRACTS AGAINST PATHOGENIC BACTERIA Vibrio cholerae

Acta Biochimica Indonesiana ◽

10.32889/actabioina.v3i2.51 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 53-61

Author(s):

Angga Crystal Loasana Yami ◽

Irmanida Batubara ◽

Kholis Abdurachim Audah

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Vibrio Cholerae ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽

Antibacterial Activities ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Ic50 Value ◽

Dpph Method

Background : The treatment of some diseases caused by free radicals and pathogenic bacteria usually by using antioxidants and antibiotics. Due to excessive use of antibiotics and other environmental cues, some bacteria are now resistant to certain antibiotics or even to multiple antibiotics. Some Vibrio cholerae bacterial strains are multiresistant to many antibiotics.Objective : The antioxidant and antibacterial activities of Brugueira gymnorrhiza stem extracts against pathogenic bacteria V. cholerae.Method : The B. gymnorrhiza stem was extracted by gradient maceration method. The DPPH method was used to determine the antioxidant activity and the disc diffusion method was used to determine the antibacterial activities. The column chromatography method was used to fractionate the selective extract with the best activity. The LC-MS/MS method was used to identify the compound obtained from the fraction with the best antioxidant and antibacterial activity.Result : Ethyl acetate extract of B. gymnorrhiza stem had the best antibacterial activity with MIC and MBC values of 62.50 mg/L. Ethyl acetate extract also showed the best value of antioxidant activity as indicated by an IC50 value of 255.03 mg/L. The results of fractions test showed that fraction 3 had the best antibacterial and the best antioxidant activities with both the MIC and MBC values of 7.90 mg/L and IC50 value of 348.91 mg/L, respectively.Conclusion : Ethyl acetate extract of B. gymnorrhiza stem has good potential as antioxidant and antibacterial. The compound which is thought as antioxidant and antibacterial from Ethyl acetate extract is 2-Ethyl-4-methyl-1H-imidazole.

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LC-MS/MS profiling, antibiofilm, antimicrobial and bacterial growth kinetic studies of Pluchea dioscoridis extracts

Acta Chromatographica ◽

10.1556/1326.2021.00956 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Maha A.M. El-Shazly ◽

Ahmed A. Hamed ◽

Hoda A. Kabary ◽

Mosad A. Ghareeb

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Incubation Period ◽

Phenolic Acids ◽

Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽

Wide Spectrum ◽

Water Extract ◽

Inhibition Zone ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Prolonged Incubation

Abstract The therapeutical applications of ornamental plants have been categorized to be of a great effectiveness in multiple industries from ancient times until present days. Pluchea dioscoridis is widely known Egyptian wooden plant that has been extensively applied for different medicinal purposes. In this study, LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis of the potent antimicrobial ethyl acetate and n-butanol extracts of P. dioscoridis leaves led to identification of 28 and 21 compounds, respectively. The identified compounds were categorized as phenolic acids, phenolic acids derivatives, organic acids, flavonoids (aglycones and glycosides), secoiridoids, coumarin derivatives, and gallotannins derivatives. Among them, caffeic acid 3-sulfate was the most predominate in the investigated extracts followed by ferulic acid and dicaffeoyl-quinic acid. Also, the antimicrobial potentiality of different extracts was evaluated against different pathogenic microbes including Enterobacter cloacae, Micrococcus leutus, Aeromonas hydrophila, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus lichneformis and Clostridium species. Furthermore, different concentrations of the most potent extract were assayed for antibacterial efficacy on growth curve kinetics against the susceptible bacteria along 4days incubation period. Our gathered data confirmed that, the antimicrobial activity against tested bacteria was different according to the solvent used in the extraction process. Mostly, all the extracts showed a wide spectrum antibacterial activity except the plant water extract which shows a mild activity against Clostridium sp. only. Based on the highest inhibition zone diameter, the ethyl acetate extract followed by butanol extract exhibited the highest inhibition zone with Micrococcus luteus and B. subtilis (20.0 and 18.5 mm) respectively. Determining the effect of ethyl acetate extract at different concentration (0, 0.66, 1.66, 3.33, 6.67, 13.34 and 20.01 mg mL−1) on M. luteus growth kinetics, the data assured that the antibacterial activity shows concentration dependent manner with the highest antibacterial activity at 20.01 mg mL−1 culture. The data also confirmed that, none of the selected concentration showed bactericidal activity in the prepared cultures, and with the prolonged incubation period the bacteria acquire resistance against the extract beginning from second or third day of incubation.

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Uji Aktivitas Sitotoksik dan Antibakteri Ekstrak Daun Tumbuhan Rengas (Gluta renghas L)

Jurnal Riset Kimia ◽

10.25077/jrk.v11i1.345 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 52-60

Author(s):

Sanusi Ibrahim ◽

Suryati Suryati ◽

Enda Desriansyah Aziz

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽

Inhibition Zone ◽

Cytotoxicity Activity ◽

E Coli ◽

Rate Of Hydrolysis ◽

Hydrolysis Of ◽

Ethyl Acetate Extracts

Generally, Gluta renghas L. is known because of its very toxic latex which can cause hard irritations to skin. Although, rengas latex has efficacy as an antibacterial agent. Related to previous research, it has been reported that there are urisol, rengol, glutarengol, laccol, and thitsiol in rengas latex. The woody trunk was reported to contain flavonoid, benzenoid, lipid, and steroid compounds. The leaves, were reported shows that the leaves of G. renghas contain an anticholinesterase substance and can be reduced the rate of hydrolysis of acetylcholine. Extraction of rengas leaves has been carried out. It has been shown phenols, steroids, and coumarins compounds in methanol extract, flavonoids, phenols, saponins and alkaloids compounds in ethyl acetate extract, steroids and alkaloids compounds in hexane extract. In the present, cytotoxicity and antibacterial activity have been tested. The results show that the great cytotoxicity activity by ethyl acetate extracts which have an LC50 value is 123,718 µg/mL (R2 0.9822), while the great antibacterial activity shown by methanol extract 1,000 µg/mL with a diameter of inhibition zone 19.02 mm (S. aureus) and 16.06 mm (E. coli).

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