scholarly journals CREATION OF FOREST CARBON (CARBON) LANDSCAPES: ECONOMIC COMPONENT

Author(s):  
Ekaterina Panyavina

The article discusses the economic components of the creation and maintenance of forest carbon (carbonic) landfills by poplar seedlings with a closed root system on the territory of the Voronezh region. A general description of the consequences of climate change, an increase in the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is given, with an emphasis on considering such consequences in the forest industry. The technology of creating forest carbonic polygons has been determined, taking into account the influence of the main factors (growing conditions, species composition, soil group, number and diameter of stumps, rutting length, planting density, average distance to crossings). When determining the costs of creating and maintaining a forest carbon (carbonic) landfill with poplar seedlings with a closed root system, a costly and normative approach was used. In the course of the study, it was determined that the creation and maintenance of forest carbonic landfills is a costly process, but the activity of carbon sequestration implies economic and environmental benefits. The cost of creating and maintaining one hectare of carboniferous forest landfill, created by seedlings of poplar with a closed root system, amounted to 303.9 thousand rubles. The creation of carbon polygons will allow controlling the carbon balance in the country's territories, helping to improve the environmental situation and increase the economic benefits of business by producing more competitive products.

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Lingling Qiu ◽  
Weizhong Zeng ◽  
Shashi Kant ◽  
Sen Wang

We examined the associations between social capital and rural households’ perceptions toward social, economic, and environmental benefits of forest carbon sequestration projects by employing the proportional odds model based on data collected from a rural household survey in Sichuan and Yunnan Provinces, China. Results revealed that: (i) households’ perceptions toward environmental benefits are more positive than their perceptions toward economic benefits and social benefits, and their perceptions toward economic benefits are more positive than their perceptions toward social benefits; (ii) households having a good relationship with village officials have higher odds of holding more positive perceptions toward social, economic, and environmental benefits of the projects; (iii) households which are members of local associations are more likely to have positive perceptions toward benefits of the projects; (iv) households whose members are more frequently involved in village-level public events are more likely to have more positive perceptions toward benefits of the projects; (v) households having more educated household heads have higher odds of holding better perceptions toward the benefits of FCS projects; and (vi) households of Yunnan Province are less likely to express positive perceptions toward benefits of the projects. Based on the research results, we concluded that social capital is significantly and positively associated with rural households’ perceptions toward benefits of forest carbon sequestration projects. Some policy implications are provided regarding how to make use of social capital elements to shape farmers’ perceptions toward benefits of the projects for the purpose of achieving a higher level of local acceptability for and sustainability of the projects.


Hydrology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Md. Rezaul Karim ◽  
B. M. Sadman Sakib ◽  
Sk. Sadman Sakib ◽  
Monzur Alam Imteaz

Despite numerous studies on residential rainwater tank, studies on commercial rainwater tank are scarce. Corporate authorities pay little heed on this sustainable feature. With the aim of encouraging corporate authorities, this study presents the feasibility and economic benefits of rainwater harvesting (RWH) in commercial buildings in the capital city of Bangladesh, where water authority struggles to maintain town water supply. The analysis was conducted using a daily water balance model under three climate scenarios (wet, dry and normal year) for five commercial buildings having catchment areas varying from 315 to 776 m2 and the storage tank capacity varying from 100 to 600 m3. It was found that for a water demand of 30 L per capita per day (lpcd), about 11% to 19% and 16% to 26.80% of the annual water demand can be supplemented by rainwater harvesting under the normal year and wet year climate conditions, respectively. The payback periods are found to be very short, only 2.25 to 3.75 years and benefit–cost (B/C) ratios are more than 1.0, even for building having the smallest catchment area (i.e., 315 m2) and no significant overflow would occur during monsoon, which leads to both economic and environmental benefits. Though the findings cannot be translated to other cities as those are dependent on factors like water price, interest rate, rainfall amount and pattern, however other cities having significant rainfall amounts should conduct similar studies to expedite implementations of widescale rainwater harvesting.


2012 ◽  
Vol 588-589 ◽  
pp. 1685-1688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lian Yong Wang ◽  
Jing Fan Zhang ◽  
Lei Dai ◽  
Jiu Ju Cai

Technical analysis was used to analyze the roasting of molybdenum concentrate on the basis of thermal balance test of rotary furnaces used for Roasting, and the results indicate that, on the condition of commercial production, the Roasting of MoS2 can occur spontaneously because the heat of reaction is so much that proper cooling measures should be adopted in case overheating happens. According to above analysis, carbon-free roasting technology of molybdenum concentrate was proposed in this paper. The results, which come from thermal balance test and technical analysis of rotary furnaces used for carbon-free roasting of molybdenum concentrate, indicate that outer heat source used in traditional Roasting technology is not needed in carbon-free roasting technology, because enough heat is generated during Roasting to ensure spontaneous reaction. In fact, heating is not needed in operating process except at the beginning, to make molybdenum concentrate catching fire, and when reaction completing, to remove residual sulphur. The technology in this paper is obviously advantageous in aspects of energy saving, output, quality of production, heat loss, the concentration of SO2 in flue gas, etc. and will have remarkable environmental benefits, economic benefits and social benefits.


2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Hritz ◽  
Craig Ross

Sport tourism is one of the fastest growing market segments in the tourism industry and is receiving increased attention for its social, environmental, and economic impacts upon destinations. Prior research in tourism impacts has tended to focus exclusively on tourism as a whole and does not differentiate among the different types of tourism that may be present in a destination. The purpose of this study was to examine how residents of Indianapolis, Indiana perceived the impacts sport tourism has upon their city. A total of 347 surveys were returned in a mailed questionnaire. Exploratory factor analysis revealed a four factor structure of social benefits, environmental benefits, economic benefits, and general negative impacts. Social and economic benefits were strong predictors for support for further sport tourism development revealing a strong identification with the advantages of sport tourism in their city such as an increased cultural identity and social interaction opportunities.


2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 4578
Author(s):  
George Martinidis ◽  
Muluken Elias Adamseged ◽  
Arkadiusz Dyjakon ◽  
Yannis Fallas ◽  
Angeliki Foutri ◽  
...  

The main aim of this paper is to demonstrate that clusters can support the sustainable development of rural areas through the creation of shared value. This is done via the close exam-ination of six different cases of rural clusters in Greece, Italy, Germany, Poland, Denmark, and Sweden. Qualitative as well as quantitative data weretaken from the clusters, which demonstrated that their main business approaches naturally coincided with the creation of economic, social, and environmental benefits for the local communities in which they operated. The case clusters were created in a top-down manner, aimed at boosting regional R&D activities and making the local economy more competitive and more sustainable. However, private initiative took over and al-lowed these clusters to flourish because meeting the regions’ economic, social, and environmental needs successfully coincided with the target of the clusters’ own development and profitability. The results show that clusters, with their potential for shared value creation, can constitute a powerful engine for the revitalisation and development of rural areas, addressing the significant challenges which they are currently facing.


2014 ◽  
Vol 1010-1012 ◽  
pp. 1985-1988
Author(s):  
Min Li ◽  
Bao You Liu

LINGO software with many favorable features such as convenient operation, high running speed, wide application and valid result, has been widely used in solving complicated issues in environmental fields in the past a few years. In this paper, three practical examples in environmental monitoring were introduced and resolved by LINGO software, the reliability of the results was verified and the comparison with other methods was given. The results show that, LINGO software is useful to direct funds and resources’ allocation in environmental monitoring, and it is an effective tool to improve economic benefits and obtain better environmental benefits.


Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (22) ◽  
pp. 7525
Author(s):  
Mariusz Niekurzak

The aim of the manuscript was to present the collective results of research on the profitability of using various renewable sources in Poland with the greatest development potential. In the paper, the economic parameters of various investment projects were determined and calculated, i.e., Net Capital Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR) and the Period of Return on Invested Capital (PBT). The economic assessment of the use of RES technologies was supplemented with the assessment of environmental benefits. The ecological criterion adopted in the study was the assessment of the potential and costs of reducing greenhouse gas emissions as a result of replacing fossil fuels with renewable energy technologies. On the basis of the constructed economic model to assess the profitability of investments, it has been shown that the analyzed projects will start to bring, depending on their type and technical specification, measurable economic benefits in the form of a reduction in the amount of energy purchased on an annual basis and environmental benefits in the form of reduction of carbon dioxide emissions to the atmosphere. Moreover, the calculations show a high potential for the use of certain renewable sources in Poland, which contributes to the fulfillment of energy and emission obligations towards the EU. The analyzes and research of the Polish energy market with the use of the presented models have shown that the project is fully economically justified and will allow investors to make a rational decision on the appropriate selection of a specific renewable energy source for their investment. The presented economic models to assess the profitability of investments in renewable energy sources can be successfully used in other countries and can also be a starting point for a discussion about the direction of energy development. Due to the lack of collective, original and up-to-date research on the domestic market, the manuscript provides the reader with the necessary knowledge regarding the legitimacy of using renewable energy sources, investment and environmental profitability.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Kielian

In a time of profound cultural change, Catholic Religious Education (CRE) is challenged to find new ways of engaging with young people. Whilst theoretical reflection is important, it is critical to disseminate good practice in didactics and in preparing textbooks for students. These two go together alongside as an effective work with didactic material entails a good teachers’ preparation. The aim of this book is to present the significance of good religious education in the creation of new social references in the global dimension. The community-building capital of the interactive media is potential that should be made use of in religious education in schools. After all, digital culture is an important “theological place” (locus theologicus). Thus, both the didactics of religious education and broadly understood theological thinking are necessarily confronted with the global culture flows that despite their ambivalence are an opportunity to make theology as well as its transmission in schools more universal, that is catholic, to a larger degree. This “new catholicity” that is achieved thanks to digital communication can effectively lead to the updating of the theological vision of the Church as well as the initiation of new forms of intercultural and interreligious dialogue. This work is analytical-synthetic in nature. The first chapter consists of a general description of the cultural and social changes brought about by technological discoveries in the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries. This analysis strives to search for an answer to the question about the causes of the change of surrounding in which pupils who are subject to new educational contexts grow up. Meanwhile, the second chapter presents selected elements of digital culture that generate the need for new CRE didactics. The new didactics must be multisensory and intermedial, that is, it must combine various means of expression, such as dance theater, performance, happening, or the use of Internet folklore (netlore) artifacts, especially Internet memes and artmemes on various religious issues, that are created and remixed by the students. The use of such methods in didactic work leads to the translation of the code of religious (theological) language to a more comprehensible and easily assimilated linguistic code of digital culture. The theory of the active search for information by the pupil directed by the teacher that has been elaborated by Richard E. Mayer is the recurring thought in the reflections on didactics. Finally, the last chapter contains a discussion on the adequate model of the textbook: digital or analog. An example of the creation of a religion textbook for a representative of digital culture is the pilot project of the Krakow group of authors of CRE textbooks. It can be called an open source expert model. This consists of a group of experienced teachers (catechists) writing the essential contents of the textbooks. Next, these contents are verified by selected pupils and parents. Only later are the contents proofread, analyzed with respect to their theological accuracy, and, finally, reviewed by valuers of CRE textbooks of the Commission for Catholic Education of the Polish Episcopal Conference. The involvement of students who verify the language used in textbooks and assess the activities and tasks proposed in various exercises, that should take into account multisource and multisensory approach, is an essential element of the new way of developing CRE textbooks. This book is to serve as a forum for discussion on determining topics related to the future of religious education amidst digital culture surroundings and undertaking further research on means of transitioning from the theory of the CRE didactics to living practice in the classroom.


1995 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. 854-860 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terry C. Kelly' ◽  
Yao-Chi Lu ◽  
Aref A. Abdul-Baki ◽  
John R. Teasdale

Concern for the environment has focussed attention on the need for environmentally sound, yet economically profitable, farming practices. A hairy vetch (Vicia villosa L. Roth.) organic mulch system for fresh-market tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) production provides environmental benefits by enhancing the soil and reducing the need for fertilizer and herbicide inputs and is more profitable than conventional practices. Tomato field trials over 3 years at the Beltsville (Md.) Agricultural Research Center compared the hairy vetch mulch system with black polyethylene mulch and bare ground (no mulch). Using partial budget analysis in a farm context, the hairy vetch mulch treatment was more profitable in all years under all market and yield adjustment scenarios. The vetch mulch system also was the preferred system for a risk-averse grower, according to a safety-first criterion. The combination of environmental benefits and the economic benefits to the grower make the hairy vetch mulch system an attractive alternative for producing fresh-market tomatoes in the Mid-Atlantic and parts of northeastern United States.


Author(s):  
Edy Sahputra Sitepu ◽  
Rismawati Rismawati ◽  
Dewi Comala ◽  
Edi Putra Berutu ◽  
Jamardua Haro ◽  
...  

Medan City is currently designated as one of the 20 national tourism destinations that implement Sustainable Tourism Development (STD) in Indonesia. The commitment to implement STD nationally is marked by the signing of the text of the Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) of 20 Regional Heads who are committed to implementing STD together with the Indonesian Ministry of Tourism. Furthermore, under the supervision of the Republic of Indonesia Ministry of Tourism, 20 existing Regencies / Cities made various improvements in each region so that they were finally eligible for STD certification from the STD international certification body. Medan City itself, through the Medan City Tourism Office, related to the implementation of the STD, has established a number of leading tourism destinations. It is hoped that in the future, Medan City will have tourist destinations that have received STD certification. This research was conducted to formulate a model of implementing sustainable tourism development in Medan with a total sample of 220 people spread over 11 leading tourist destinations in the city of Medan, samples were taken with a purposive random sampling technique. The research variables used include; sustainable management, socio-cultural benefits, economic benefits for the surrounding community, environmental benefits and the application of sustainable tourism. Data analysis was carried out with a structural model of the Structural Equation Model (SEM) with the help of Amos 22 software. The results showed that the management aspects, economic aspects, socio-cultural aspects of environmental aspects, and the impact of tourism, directly and indirectly, have a positive effect on the implementation of sustainable tourism in the city of Medan.


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