scholarly journals Prevalence, Risk Factors and Awareness about HCV Infection in Pregnant Women in a Tertiary Care Center in North India

2020 ◽  
pp. 25-29
Author(s):  
Dr. Renu Gupta ◽  
Dr. Rashmi Kumari ◽  
Dr. Shaily Agarwal ◽  
Dr. Kiran Pandey ◽  
Dr. Neena Gupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
North India ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Female Population

Among the viral infections affecting the liver in pregnancy, Hepatitis C though uncommon now is recognized to be a serious global public health problem affecting 170 million people worldwide I .e. 3% of the population [1]. The prevalence of anti-HCV antibody in pregnant women in developed countries ranges from 0.14 to 4.4%, whereas the seroprevalence in Indian pregnant female population is 1.03% [2,3,4].Following the decreasing transmission of HCV by blood -transfusion, intravenous drug use has now become the primary route of new HCV infections in adults while mother to child transmission (MTCT) is the major route of new infections in young children in the developed as well as in developing countries.[5]Approximately 7–8% of hepatitis C virus-positive women transmit this virus to their offspring [6]mainly because they are ignorant about this infection and unaware of their status. The natural course of hepatitis C is a progression from acute hepatitis to chronic hepatitis, which occurs in 55%-85 % of patients.

scholarly journals Increasing rates of cesarean section, an upcoming public health problem: an audit of cesarean section in a tertiary care center of North India based on Robson classification

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 4998
Author(s):  
Vinita Das ◽  
Namrata Kumar ◽  
Varsha Kumari ◽  
Anjoo Agarwal ◽  
Amita Pandey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Caesarean Section Rate ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
North India ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
One Year

Background: Increasing rates of cesarean section during last three decades has become a cause of alarm since and a need for ongoing studies. Objective of present study was to investigate cesarean section rates as per modified Robsons Criteria and to determine area of concern which requires maximum focus to decrease overall caesarean rateMethods: This cross sectional study was conducted over a period of one year (From January 2016 to December 2016) in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at King George’s Medical University, Lucknow.Results: Total number of deliveries for one year was 8526. Out of them, 4275 (50.1%) were vaginal and 4251 (49.9%) were abdominal. Overall maximum caesarean section rate was contributed by group 5 of modified Robsons criteria i.e. previous section, singleton, cephalic, ≥37 weeks (17.7%).Conclusions: Robson 10 group classification provides easy way in collecting information about Cesarean section rate which obtains good insight into certain birth groups. It is important that efforts to reduce the overall CS rate should focus on reducing the primary CS rate (group 1 and 2) and on increasing vaginal birth after CS (group 5). The caesarean rate is commonest in group 5 that is previous section (17.7%).

scholarly journals Clinico-Epidemiological Profile of Viral Sexually Transmitted Infections in Seropositive Patients Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital in North India

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 331-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shikha Chugh ◽  
Vijay Kumar Garg ◽  
Rashmi Sarkar ◽  
Kabir Sardana
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
North India ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Hiv Seropositive

Sexually transmitted diseases are a major public health problem both in developing and in developed countries, and especially with the co-synergy with HIV infection, there is an increasing need to have a proper understanding of the clinicodemographic patterns of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) for planning and implementing control strategies. Worldwide, there is an increased preponderance of viral STIs. Increasing incidence and altered clinical presentation of viral STIs in patients with HIV pose a diagnostic challenge; thereby, we studied the demographic profile of HIV-seropositive patients and compared clinical manifestations of viral STIs in HIV-seropositive patients to those in seronegative individuals. Twenty-seven HIV-seropositive patients with viral STI (herpes/molluscum/warts) and same number of age-, sex-, and STI-matched seronegative patients were studied for variability in clinical profile. There were significant differences in the demographic factors (education, income, and migration) and sexual practices (number of contacts and source of infection) in the 2 groups. Lesional symptoms, increased extent of lesions, and resistance to treatment were significantly more common in HIV-seropositive patients.

scholarly journals Prevalence and outcome of anaemia among pregnant women attending tertiary care hospital in Visakhapatnam

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 203
Author(s):  
Radha Kumari Paladugu ◽  
Srinivas Jagath Pentakota ◽  
Sushma N.
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Study Population

Background: Anaemia in pregnancy is now considered as a major public health problem, caused by iron deficiency. WHO has estimated that prevalence of anaemia in developed and developing countries in pregnant women is 14% in developed countries and 51 percent in developing countries and 65-75% in India. Various programmes regarding anaemia prophylaxis and maternal health have been implemented but still the prevalence of anaemia related complications among pregnant women continues to be high. Hence the present study was conducted to study the prevalence and pregnancy outcome as a result of anaemia in a tertiary care center in Visakhapatnam. Methods: A cross sectional descriptive study was carried out from June 2016 to August 2016 in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology among postnatal women in King George hospital, Visakhapatnam. A semi-structured questionnaire was prepared and information regarding age, socioeconomic status, parity, gestational age interval between pregnancies and outcome and complication of pregnancy were collected. Results: Mean age of study population is 22.4 years. Out of 100 women involved in the study 65 are from urban areas 29 from rural areas and 6 from tribal areas. Majority of the study population 66% were having HB% between 8-11% i.e. mild anaemia. When Outcome of pregnancy was seen in relation to anaemia majority of the women had live births (90%) followed by 7% IUDs and 2% still births. Conclusions: Majority of the women are in the age group of 20-24 years. Socioeconomic status is directly related to anaemic status of the women. Majority of the women had complication of puerperal sepsis. 

Pragmatic Experience with Risk-based versus Universal Hepatitis C Screening in Pregnancy: Detection of Infection and Postpartum Linkage to Care

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa T. Bushman ◽  
Lakshmi Subramani ◽  
Aalok Sanjanwala ◽  
Jodie Dionne-Odom ◽  
Ricardo Franco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Universal Screening ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Linkage To Care ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Hcv Screening ◽  
In Pregnancy

Objective Despite the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommending universal hepatitis C virus (HCV) screening in pregnancy Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine (SMFM) and American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) continue to endorse risk-based screening for HCV in pregnancy. We hypothesized that universal screening is associated with increased HCV diagnosis and postpartum linkage to HCV care compared with risk-based screening. Study Design This retrospective cohort study included pregnant women screened for HCV at a single tertiary-care center. We defined two cohorts: women managed with risk-based (January 2014–October 2016) or universal HCV screening (November 2016–December 2018). Screening was performed with ELISA antibody testing and viremia confirmed with HCV ribonucleic acid (RNA) polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Primary outcomes were the rate of HCV screen positivity and postpartum linkage to care. Results From 2014 to 2018, 16,489 women delivered at our institution, of whom 166 screened positive for HCV. A total of 7,039 pregnant women were screened for HCV: 266 with risk-based and 6,773 with universal screening; 29% (76/266) were positive HCV antibody screening (HCVAb + ) in the risk-based cohort and 1.3% (90/6,773) in the universal cohort. HCVAb+ women in the risk-based cohort were more likely to have a positive drug screen. Only 69% (62/90) of HCVAb+ women in the universal cohort met the criteria for risk-based testing. Of the remaining 28 women, 6 (21%) had active viremia (HCV RNA+). Of the 166 HCVAb+ women, 64% (103/166) were HCV RNA+—51 of 266 (19%) in the risk-based and 52 of 6,773 (0.8%) in the universal cohort. Of HCVAb+ women, 75% (125/166) were referred postpartum for HCV evaluation and 27% (34/125) were linked to care. Only 9% (10/103) of women with viremia initiated treatment within 1 year of delivery. Conclusion Universal HCV screening in pregnancy identified an additional 31% of HCVAb+ women compared with risk-based screening. Given low rates of HCV follow-up and treatment regardless of screening modality, further studies are needed to address barriers to postpartum linkage to care. Key Points

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL LESIONS IN ANEMIA WITH AND WITHOUT GASTROINTESTINAL SYMPTOMS:-PROSPECTIVE STUDY.

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Shantaram Dattatray Gulve ◽  
Mandar Doiphode ◽  
Kalpesh Patil
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Study ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Gastrointestinal Lesions ◽  
Malignant Lesions ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

Background: Anemia is a global public health problem affecting both developing and developed countries at all ages. Iron deficiency is common cause of anemia. It is either poor intake or chronic gastrointestinal bleeding. Goal of this study is to identify the prevalence of upper GI lesions, identified by OGDscopy in patients in anemia with or without gastrointestinal symptoms. Methods: In this prospective study we analysed data of 100 patients who underwent OGDscopy procedure in tertiary care centre. On OGDscopy study 33% had normal GIT and 67% had GI lesions majority were erosive gastritis, erosive oesophagitis gastric and duodehal ulcers, other lesions like congestive gastropathy reflux oesophagitis and malignant lesions like carcinora of stomach and carcinora of oesophagus. Conclusion: OGDscopy procedure is essential in evaluating lesions of upper gastrointestinal tract in anemia for diagnostic and therapeutic purpose.

scholarly journals Clinical profile and outcome of neonates with congenital diaphragmatic hernia: A 16-year experience from a developing country

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-78
Author(s):  
Kamal Nain Rattan ◽  
Poonam Dalal ◽  
Jasbir Singh
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia ◽  
Diaphragmatic Hernia ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
North India ◽  
Average Birth Weight

Recent advances in the perinatal interventions for neonates with congenital diaphragmatic hernia have remarkably improved the outcome in developed countries, but high mortality for such cases continues to be a challenge in resource-poor settings. This study examines clinical profiles and short-term outcome of neonates with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, using a retrospective analysis of medical records of neonates operated for congenital diaphragmatic hernia at a tertiary care center in North India from January 2001 to December 2016. Forty-two neonates were operated during the study period with male:female ratio = 1.6:1. Postoperative survival rate was 69% (29/42). Average birth weight in the survivors was 2528±267 g as compared with 2132±309 g in the non-survivors. The average gestational age in the two groups was 37.2±0.8 weeks and 34.8±1.8 weeks respectively. Twenty-one patients presented in the initial 48 h of life, out of them 52% (11/21) survived. Congenital heart diseases were associated with seven and malrotation of the gut in five neonates. The most significant factors resulting in the unfavorable outcome were preterm gestation, low birth weight, hypothermia and shock at presentation, the onset of symptoms <48 h of life, liver-up, need of postoperative inotropes and mechanical ventilation. In addition to establishing advanced therapeutic modalities, good antenatal screening, better awareness in peripheral health workers about the malformation leading to timely referral, well-equipped inter-hospital and intra-hospital transport facilities and development of level III neonatal intensive care units can improve survival in neonates with congenital diaphragmatic hernia in developing countries.

scholarly journals Incidence of anemia in pregnancy and its maternal-fetal outcome in admitted ANC patients in tertiary care center, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1411
Author(s):  
Geetanjali Kanwar ◽  
Shweta Rani Prasad ◽  
Rekha Ratnani
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Fetal Outcome ◽  
Maternal Outcome ◽  
Premature Delivery ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Anemia In Pregnancy ◽  
In Pregnancy

Background: Anemia in pregnancy is an important public health problem in developing countries like India. Anemia results in poor pregnancy outcome and also affects fetal outcome. The present study was conducted to asses maternal and fetal outcome in relation anemia. Aim and objectives of the study was to determine incidence, risk factors and maternal-fetal outcome of anemia in the admitted pregnant women attending obstetrics and gyanecology department, shanakarcharya institute of medical sciences, Bhilai.Methods: This is retrospective observational study conducted among pregnant women admitted in labor room over a period of one year after getting approval from the institutional ethical committee.Results: Out of total 1503 delivery during study period 675 patients were found to be anaemic which gives incidence of 44.5%. Most the pregnant women were moderately anaemic i.e. 50.96% followed by mild (45.04%) and severe (4%) repectively. Among the pregnant women most common type of anaemia is Iron deficiency anaemia (69.65%) followed by Sickle cell anaemia (15.4%). In the present study,90.4% of subject received oral iron, 26.9% received parenteral iron and 19.4% received blood transfusion. Common maternal outcome related to anemia found to be low birth weight (25.2%) followed by premature delivery (22.96%) and fetal outcome in anemic mother in the form of preterm (22.9%) followed by NICU admission (14.37%) and FGR (8.6%).Conclusions: Anemia being one of the most important cause of poor feto maternal outcome should be treated preconceptionaly. There is a need of health education programmes and adequate intake of iron rich diet during pregnancy, to be strengthened for safe maternal and foetal outcomes.

scholarly journals Neonatal Outcomes of Pregnant Women With Confirmed Coronavirus Disease 2019: One-Year Experience of a Tertiary Care Center

2021 ◽  
pp. 000992282110598
Author(s):  
Nuriye Asli Melekoglu ◽  
Halis Ozdemir ◽  
Seyma Yasar
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Arterial Oxygen ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Positive Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Significant Difference

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic became an important public health problem affecting all age groups. The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical and laboratory findings of newborns born to mothers with COVID-19. Thirty pregnant women with COVID-19 were admitted to Turgut Ozal University Hospital for delivery. Fourteen pregnant women had at least one symptom associated with COVID-19. Positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) results were seen in only 3 (9.7%) of 31 newborns. A statistically significant difference was observed between PCR-positive and PCR-negative newborns in terms of any adverse pregnancy outcomes. Neonatal lymphocyte count and partial arterial oxygen pressure were significantly lower in the PCR-positive group. Results were also compared according to the interval from the maternal diagnosis time to delivery. Hemoglobin and hematocrit levels in newborns born to mothers diagnosed more than 7 days before delivery were significantly lower. Neonates born to mothers with COVID-19 had mild clinical symptoms and favorable outcomes.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Determinants of Anemia in Pregnancy, Sana’a, Yemen

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 213
Author(s):  
Yousef M. Alflah ◽  
Iman H. Wahdan ◽  
Ali A. Hasab ◽  
Dalia I. Tayel
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Maternity Hospitals ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Prevalence Of Anemia

Anemia is a global public health problem in both developing and developed countries, especially among pregnant women. The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence of anemia among pregnant women in Sana'a governorate, Yemen, and to identify the determinants contributing to it, and to assess knowledge regarding it. The study was conducted using a cross-sectional approach. It included 360 pregnant women attending the maternity clinics of maternity hospitals. A predesigned structured interviewing questionnaire was used to collect data from the pregnant women. Laboratory investigations were done. The prevalence of anemia was found to be 40.3%, and was higher among females aged 35 to less than 45 years, those with poor income and poor nutritional level. The risk of anemia increased with the gestational age, gravidity, decreased birth spacing, drinking tea and coffee after meals, decreased intake of proteins and low level of knowledge and income. The binary logistic regression model indicated a significant impact of the education and occupation on the level of knowledge of pregnant women. Anemia was found out to be a severe public health problem among pregnant women in Yemen. Identified risk factors should be considered for its prevention and control.

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