scholarly journals Liquidity Choice: A Study of Theoretical and Empirical Mystery in Context of Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
DR. NAVEED HUSSAIN SHAH ◽  
DR. MUHAMMAD ARIF ◽  
DR. MUHAMMAD ASAD KHAN ◽  
DR. MUHAMMAD FAIZAN MALIK
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Result ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Correlation Matrix ◽  
Annual Income ◽  
P Values ◽  
Education Experience ◽  
T Values ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Contextual Difference

Contextual difference and inclusion of demographics as independent as well as new dimension of Liquidity preferencemade the study unique and novel in its essence. Empirical result of the correlation matrix is showing aninsignificant correlation of liquidity preference with gender, age, education, experience, annual income, annual savings, occupation and location.Regression analysis depicts significant relationship of liquidity preferencewith Education and Savings given by t-values -2.129, 2.190 and p-values -0 .620, 0.029 respectively.Liquidity preference is showing an insignificant relationship with Gender, Age, Experience, Income and Occupation given by t-values 0.117, 0.076, -1.220, -0.708,-0.144 and p-values .009, 006,-.120,-.075 and -.011 respectively.

scholarly journals Risk Tolerance Profile of Business Students in Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-157
Author(s):  
DR. NAVEED HUSSAIN SHAH ◽  
DR. QAISER AMAN ◽  
DR. MOHAMMAD ASAD KHAN
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Business Students ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Risk Tolerance ◽  
P Values ◽  
Correlation And Regression Analysis ◽  
Education Experience ◽  
Business Graduates ◽  
T Values ◽  
The Relationship

The study on the relationship between demographic variables and risk tolerance among business graduates in Pakistan. The correlation and regression analysis on a sample of 382 business students exhibit the following results. Empirical result of the correlation matrix are showing a positive significant correlation between risk tolerance gender, annual savings, age, experience and annual income and location except occupation which shows significant but negative correlation. Regression analysis depicts significant relationship between Risk tolerance Gender, Savings and Location shown by the t-values 2.037, 2.886, 58 and p –values .042, 0.004, and 0.000 respectively. However an insignificance relationship was found between Risk Tolerance Age, Education, Experience, Income and Occupation exhibited by their t-values -1.290, .638, -.035, - 1.886, all less than 2 and p-values above 0.05 respectively.

Relationship Of Creative Management, Teacher Effectiveness, Teacher Stress And Teacher Commitment With Different Dimensions Of Managerial Leadership

Think India ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 2007-2026
Author(s):  
Deepa Sikand
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Effectiveness ◽  
Transactional Leadership ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Teacher Stress ◽  
Teacher Commitment ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Managerial Leadership ◽  
Transformational And Transactional Leadership ◽  
Different Dimensions ◽  
Relationship Of

The present study was conducted to study the relationship of creative management, teacher effectiveness, teacher stress and teacher commitment with different dimensions of managerial leadership. In order to conduct present study 450 teacher educators with doctorate degree and without doctorate degrees, with different levels of experience were selected from 45 selected colleges of education taking 10 teachers from each institution were selected randomly. Creative Management Scale prepared by the investigator, Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (Bass and Avolio, 2003), Teacher Commitment Questionnaire (AmitKauts and AachalKalia, 2012), Teacher Effectiveness Scale (Mutha, 1982)and Teacher Stress Questionnarie (Otto (1983) and Adapted by Max Smith and Sid)were used as tools for the present study. The findings of the study revealed that there is significant relationship in the creative management and managerial leadership. This means that variation in the creative management in any manner would have remarkable impact on the managerial leadership and vice versa. It is also found that there is significant relationship in the teacher effectiveness and managerial leadership. Hence, increased practice of transformational and transactional leadership would ensure better teaching effectiveness in the educational institutions and vice versa. Another finding is that there is significant relationship in the teacher stress and managerial leadership. This means that increased teacher stress may become a cause for the action orientation of managerial leadership and managerial leadership may also act as a stressor among teaching professionals. It is also found that there is significant relationship in the teacher commitment and managerial leadership for transformational and transactional leadership dimensions of Managerial Leadership. Hence, increased practice of transformational and transactional leadership would ensure better teaching commitment in the educational institutions and vice versa.

HUBUNGAN BOARD DAN KOMITE AUDIT TERHADAP MANAJEMEN LABA

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fivi Anggraini
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Moral Hazard ◽  
Earnings Management ◽  
Conflict Of Interest ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Earning Management ◽  
Independent Directors ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Earnings management is the moral hazard problem of manager that adses because of the conflict of interest between the manager as agent and the stakeholder and the owner as principal. The behavior of earnings management will immediately influence the reported earning. The aims of this research at examining the relationship of board and audit committe to earnings management. The samples of this research is all of companies member Corporate Governance Perception Index (CGPI) in the years of 2003-2006 which were listed in Jakarta Stock Exchange. The results of this study show that (1) the proportion of independent directors on the board had not significant relationship to earning management, (2) competence of independent directors on the board had not significant relationship to earning management, (3) the size of board had significant relationship to earning management, (4) the proportion of independent directors on the audit committe had not significant relationship to earning management, and (5) competence of members of the audit committe had significant relationship to earning management.

A learning organization perspective on knowledge-sharing behavior and firm innovation

2006 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 227-236
Author(s):  
Li-Fen Liao
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Learning Organization ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Shared Vision ◽  
Firm Innovation ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Knowledge Sharing Behavior ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Sharing Behavior

Sharing knowledge and firm innovation are the crucial ways to sustain competitive advantage. This study builds a nested model to test the relationship between learning organization, knowledge-sharing behavior, and firm innovation. Data gathered from 254 employees were used to examine the relationship of the learning organization to employees' knowledge-sharing behavior and firm innovation. The results indicate that open-mindedness, shared vision and trust have positive effects on both knowledge-sharing behavior and firm innovation. While commitment to learning does not shows significant relationship on knowledge-sharing behavior and firm innovation. Communication has significance on firm innovation but not significance on knowledge-sharing behavior.

scholarly journals Geo-Spatial Analysis of Population Density and Annual Income to Identify Large-Scale Socio-Demographic Disparities

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 432
Author(s):  
Nicolai Moos ◽  
Carsten Juergens ◽  
Andreas P. Redecker
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Spatial Relationship ◽  
Postal Code ◽  
Annual Income ◽  
Choropleth Maps ◽  
Clustering Approach ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Insight Into

This paper describes a methodological approach that is able to analyse socio-demographic and -economic data in large-scale spatial detail. Based on the two variables, population density and annual income, one investigates the spatial relationship of these variables to identify locations of imbalance or disparities assisted by bivariate choropleth maps. The aim is to gain a deeper insight into spatial components of socioeconomic nexuses, such as the relationships between the two variables, especially for high-resolution spatial units. The used methodology is able to assist political decision-making, target group advertising in the field of geo-marketing and for the site searches of new shop locations, as well as further socioeconomic research and urban planning. The developed methodology was tested in a national case study in Germany and is easily transferrable to other countries with comparable datasets. The analysis was carried out utilising data about population density and average annual income linked to spatially referenced polygons of postal codes. These were disaggregated initially via a readapted three-class dasymetric mapping approach and allocated to large-scale city block polygons. Univariate and bivariate choropleth maps generated from the resulting datasets were then used to identify and compare spatial economic disparities for a study area in North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW), Germany. Subsequently, based on these variables, a multivariate clustering approach was conducted for a demonstration area in Dortmund. In the result, it was obvious that the spatially disaggregated data allow more detailed insight into spatial patterns of socioeconomic attributes than the coarser data related to postal code polygons.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Reputation, Customer Satisfaction, Trust, and Loyalty

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roshana Gul
Keyword(s):  
Customer Satisfaction ◽  
Customer Loyalty ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Positive Sign ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

Though a lot of studies have been done to conclude customer loyalty as dependent variable but still there is a vast margin of researches to be conducted in future in different spheres of this construct. On the other hand the truth of the importance of customer loyalty as an enduring asset cannot be falsified. It is fundamental for organizations to build up long term and mutual beneficial associations with the customers. The purpose of this research paper is to show the inter relationship of reputation, customer satisfaction and trust on customer loyalty. According to the observations reputation is the major independent variable that has significant relationship with customer satisfaction, customer loyalty, and trust. Data for this research study was taken from the Islamia University, Quaid-e-Azam Medical College, and different banks located at various geographic locations of Bahawalpur region of Pakistan. Data was collected through self administered questionnaire and analyzed by using regression through SPSS. The results have been drawn from 150 users of NISHAT LINEN and it was found that there is positive and significant relationship among reputation, customer satisfaction, trust and customer loyalty. Hence the studies give the positive sign that with the increment of reputation, customer satisfaction and trust the customer loyalty enhances.  

Relationship of Curriculum Area and Course Format with Student Ratings of Instruction

1978 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 483-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaac I. Bejar ◽  
Kenneth O. Doyle
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Student Ratings ◽  
Multivariate Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Student Ratings Of Instruction ◽  
Course Format ◽  
Curriculum Area ◽  
Relationship Of

Multivariate analysis of variance revealed a significant relationship between student ratings and curriculum area but not between ratings and course format. The technical and practical ramifications of these findings are discussed.

scholarly journals Hubungan ASI Eksklusif dengan Kejadian Underweight di Jawa Timur Tahun 2016

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 180
Author(s):  
Mahmudah Wati Sugito ◽  
Agus Sri Wardoyo ◽  
Trias Mahmudiono
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Nutritional Needs ◽  
Relationship Of

Background: Underweight is a public health problem caused by many factors. The prevalence of underweight in East Java in 2016 was 17.3%, wich was higher than the program’s targetted (12.9%). Breast milk is the best food to support the growth and development of the baby. Coverage of Exclusive Breast Milk in East Java in 2015 decreased (68.8%), compared to 2014 (72.89%). Early supplementary feeding in infants under 6 months may affect nutritional status. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship of Exclusive Breast milk with the incidence of underweight in infants aged 0-23 months in East Java Province in 2016. Method: This study is a secondary data analysis of Nutrition Status Monitoring in East Java Province. The study population was all babies in East Java. Total sample is 4738. The data were analyzed using Chi-square test and Logistic Regression, with 95% CI (α = 0.05). Results: The results showed there was a significant relationship between exclusive breastfeeding only from birth until before the last 24 hours in infants aged 0-23 months with the incidence of underweight, with (p=0.000010;OR=1.654;95%CI=1.319–2.052), there was a significant  relationship of first to provide a food other than breast milk in infants aged 0-23 months  with the occurrence of underweight, (p = 0.000;OR=0.272; 95%CI=0.217–0.341).Conclusion: In conclusion, breastfeeding only in infants from birth until before the last 24 hours and first provide food other than breast milk in infants aged 0-23 months associated with underweight. Because breast milk is sufficient nutritional needs of infants aged 0-6 months.ABSTRAK Latar Belakang: Masalah gizi kurang merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang disebabkan oleh banyak faktor. Prevalensi underweight di Jawa Timur tahun 2016 sebesar 17,3%, lebih tinggi dari target program Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi Jawa Timur sebesar 12,9%. ASI merupakan makanan terbaik untuk mendukung pertumbuhan dan perkembangan bayi. Cakupan ASI Eksklusif di Jawa Timur tahun 2015 menurun (68,8%), dibandingkan tahun 2014 (72,89%). Pemberian makanan pendamping ASI dini pada bayi di bawah 6 bulan dapat mempengaruhi status gizi. Tajuan: Tujuan penelitian untuk menganalisis hubungan ASI Ekslusif dengan kejadian underweight pada bayi usia 0-23 bulan di Provinsi Jawa Timur tahun 2016.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan analisis data sekunder survei Pemantauan Status Gizi Provinsi Jawa Timur. Populasi penelitian adalah semua bayi berusia 0-59 bulan yang ada di Jawa Timur. Total sampel sebanyak 4738 bayi.  Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji Chi-square dan Regresi Logistik.Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada hubungan antara pemberian ASI saja sejak lahir sampai sebelum 24 jam terakhir pada bayi usia 0-23 bulan dengan kejadian underweight (p=0,000010;OR=1,654;95%CI=1,319–2,052), ada hubungan pertama kali memberikan makanan selain ASI pada bayi usia 0-23 bulan dengan kejadian underweight,  (p = 0,000;OR=0,272; 95%CI=0,217–0,341).Kesimpulan: Simpulan yaitu pemberian ASI saja pada bayi sejak lahir sampai sebelum 24 jam terakhir dan pertama kali memberikan makanan selain ASI pada bayi usia 0-23 bulan berhubungan dengan kejadian underweight. Pemberian ASI saja sudah mencukupi kebutuhan nutrisi bayi usia 0-6 bulan.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN POLA ASUH ORANG TUA TERHADAP PERILAKU BULLYING DI SMA N 1 BOLANGITANG

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
fendi ntobuo
Keyword(s):  
Parenting Style ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Total Population ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
A Value ◽  
Bullying Behavior ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

One of negative behavior that is mostly done by adolescents is bullying, this behavior is prevalent in the school enviroment. Generally, the factor that influence bullying behavior are family factors, shool factor, peer factor. The focus was on the influence of parenting style because it has a correlation between parenting on an aggressive behavior. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of parenting to bullying behavior in Bolangitan 1 N Senior High study approach. The total population was 48 respondents. The result of study by using the Chi Square statistical tes tah there is a significant relationship between parenting of bullying behavior in Bolangitan N 1 School with a value (p value: 0,000). It can concluded there is a significant relationship between parenting style towards bullying behavior in Bolangitan 1 Senior High School. It suggest that counseling can be held about bullying behavior and its response to adolescents.

scholarly journals Research of influence of communicative qualities of the pedagogue on the relation of students to educational activity

2019 ◽  
pp. 155-159
Author(s):  
Irina Yu. Yel'kina
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Effective Interaction ◽  
Educational Activity ◽  
Educational Activities ◽  
Level Of Satisfaction ◽  
Mathematical Processing ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Relationship Of

The article touches upon the topic of pedagogic communication. A review of psychological and pedagogic approaches to the definition of communicative qualities necessary for the pedagogue to organise effective interaction with students, as well as for the organisation of personality-developing educational space. The emotional side of the attitude of students to educational activity, consisting in satisfaction with this activity is considered. Mathematical processing of the data showed the presence of a statistically significant relationship between the degree ofmanifestation of communicative qualities of the pedagogue and the level of satisfaction of students with educational activities in the classes of this pedagogue. It is revealed that the most pronounced relationship of satisfaction with educational activities with indicators of pedagogic cooperation and emotional attractiveness of pedagogues. The author emphasises the need to develop the communicative qualities of future pedagogues in the system of higher pedagogic education. The article will be of interest to specialists, pedagogues of higher education.

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