СССР ДООРУНДАГЫ ФРУНЗЕ ШААРЫ ЖАНА ЭГЕМЕНДҮҮ КЫРГЫЗ РЕСПУБЛИКАСЫНЫН БИШКЕК ШААРЫНДАГЫ ӨЗ АЛДЫНЧА БАШКАРУУ СИСТЕМАСЫ

2020 ◽  
pp. 72-77
Author(s):  
Сояк Каан ◽  
Мустафа Орчан
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Communist Party ◽  
Authoritarian Regime ◽  
Kyrgyz Republic ◽  
Democratic Regime ◽  
Communist System ◽  
The Times ◽  
The City ◽  
The Revolution

Аннотация: Социализм доору Кыргызстанды кайра жаратып, аны индустриалдык-агрардык өлкөгө айландырды. Шаарлар жана калктуу пункттар пайда болду жана өнүктүрүлдү. Революция менен көтөрүлгөн Кыргызстандын бардык калкы жаңы жашоого киришкен. Ушул мезгилде Кыргызстанда жергиликтүү өз алдынча башкаруу системасы СССРдин таасири менен киргизилип өнүккөн. Кыргыз коммунисттик партиясынын комитеттеринен бири болгон горком ушул мезгилде шаарды башкарган. Тарых сахнасына Пишпек атында чыккан борбор шаардын аты өзгөрүүлөргө дуушар болгон. Орустардын таасири астында СССР доорунда Пишпек шаарынын аты Фрунзе деп өзгөртүлгөн. Коммунисттик системанын кулаганы менен Кыргызстанда КПССтин мурдагы тоталитардык-авто- ритардык режими авторитардык-демократиялык режим менен алмаштырылды. 1993- жылы эгемен Кыргызстандын биринчи Конституциясы кабыл алынган. Конституциянын кабыл алынышына байланыштуу Союздан калган жергиликтүү өз алдынча башкаруу системасы да өзгөртүлгөн. Түйүндүү сөздөр: СССР, Кыргызстан, Орус, КПСС, Конституция, Жергиликтүү өз алдынча башкаруу, Фрунзе, Пишпек, Бишкек, Республика, Революция, Тоталитардык-Авторитардык режим, Демократиялык режим. Аннотация: Система правления города Фрунзе во время СССР и города Бишкек после независимости Кыргызстана. Эпоха социализма возобновила Кыргызстан и сделало его индустриально-аграрный государством. Начали появляться и развиваться города и населенные пункты. С революцией население Кыргызстана начало новую жизнь. В итоге влияния СССР в это время в Кыргызстане появилась система муниципального-территориального управления. Горком,который был частью комитета Кыргызской коммунистической партии, возглавлял в это время город. Историческое название столицы-Пишпек был вынужден переименоваться. Из-за влияния русских во стремена СССР Пишпек переименовывается в Город Фрунзе.В связи с падением коммунистической системы в Кыргызской КПСС тоталитарно-авторитарный режим сменяет авторитарный-демократический. 1993 году было принята первая Конституция независимого Кыргызстана. После принятия Конституции меняется система местного самоуправления, оставшаяся от времён в Союзе. Ключевые слова: СССР, Кыргызстан, Русский, Фрунзе, Бишкек, Кыргызской Республики, КПСС, Пишпек, Горком, Революция, тоталитарно-авторитарный режим, авторитарный-демократический режим, местное самоуправление. Annotation: The era of socialism resumed Kyrgyzstan and made it an industrial-agrarian state. Cities and towns began to appear and develop. With the revolution, Kyrgyz people began a new life. As a result of the influence of the USSR at that time, a system of municipal-territorial administration appeared in Kyrgyzstan. The city committee, which was part of the committee of the Kyrgyz Communist Party, headed the city at that time. The historical name of the capital-Pishpek was forced to rename. Due to the influence of Russians during the USSR, Pishpek was renamed the City of Frunze. In connection with the fall of the communist system in the Kyrgyz CPSU, the totalitarian-authoritarian regime is replacing the authoritarian-democratic. In 1993, the first Constitution of inde- pendent Kyrgyzstan was adopted. After the adoption of the Constitution, the system of local self-government changes from the times in the Union. Key Words: USSR, Kyrgyzstan, Russians, CPSU, Bishkek, Pishpek, Frunze, Kyrgyz Republic, City Committee, Revolution, Totalitarian-Authoritarian Regime, Authoritari- an-Democratic Regime, Local Goverment.

scholarly journals Semantics of pre-war names of lviv villas

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
pp. 53-63
Author(s):  
Kseniya Borodin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Religious Affiliation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
Dwelling House ◽  
The Times ◽  
The City ◽  
Coats Of Arms ◽  
House Building ◽  
External Characteristics

Background: The names of houses in Lviv, including villas, are still an unexplored niche in Lviv studies. The issue of semantics of pre-war names of Lviv villas is important at the present stage of the development of the onomastic research. It gives the clue of a good house name to modern naming and house-building companies. Purpose: The author put forward the task to acquaint readers with the Lviv’s named villas (ХІХ–the beginning of ХХ century), to describe the specification of naming features and name functions in diachronic cut and to define semantic groups of villa`s names. They appeared in the times when in naming there was no real practical need and became a manifestation of home essence, a mediator in communication between the owner, the host and a passerby, a potential guest. The name of the house emphasized its individuality, charm, created an emotional personal component of the city text. It was associated with its owners and gave an idea of the level of well-being, education, national composition and religious affiliation of the inhabitants. Results: Lviv`s villas were named mostly in Polish by its owners, architects or citizens. Their purposes were to nominate, distinguish (address function), inform, separate from the others, express oneself as an author, as well as to advertise. The nominative field of Lviv`s house names is represented by women’s names and their shorten forms, words with positive associations, sometimes with several meanings, family coats of arms, external characteristics and location of the house. Key words: name semantic, nominating field, dwelling house, villa, L’viv.

Vanguard of the Revolution

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. James McAdams
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Communist Party ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
North Korea ◽  
Karl Marx ◽  
Modern World ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Revolution

This book is a sweeping history of one of the most significant political institutions of the modern world. The communist party was a revolutionary idea long before its supporters came to power. The book argues that the rise and fall of communism can be understood only by taking into account the origins and evolution of this compelling idea. It shows how the leaders of parties in countries as diverse as the Soviet Union, China, Germany, Yugoslavia, Cuba, and North Korea adapted the original ideas of revolutionaries like Karl Marx and Vladimir Lenin to profoundly different social and cultural settings. The book is essential reading for anyone seeking to understand world communism and the captivating idea that gave it life.

PERILAKU PEDAGANG MUSLIM DALAM TINJAUAN ETIKA BISNIS ISLAM (KASUS DI PASAR LOAK JAGALAN KEDIRI)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alwi Musa Muzaiyin
Keyword(s):  
Business Ethics ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Luxury Goods ◽  
The World ◽  
Goods Market ◽  
Islamic Business Ethics ◽  
New Goods ◽  
The Many ◽  
Used Goods ◽  
The City

Trade is a form of business that is run by many people around the world, ranging from trading various kinds of daily necessities or primary needs, to selling the need for luxury goods for human satisfaction. For that, to overcome the many needs of life, they try to outsmart them buy products that are useful, economical and efficient. One of the markets they aim at is the second-hand market or the so-called trashy market. As for a trader at a trashy market, they aim to sell in the used goods market with a variety of reasons. These reasons include; first, because it is indeed to fulfill their needs. Second, the capital needed to trade at trashy markets is much smaller than opening a business where the products come from new goods. Third, used goods are easily available and easily sold to buyer. Here the researcher will discuss the behavior of Muslim traders in a review of Islamic business ethics (the case in the Jagalan Kediri Trashy Market). Kediri Jagalan Trashy Market is central to the sale of used goods in the city of Kediri. Where every day there are more than 300 used merchants who trade in the market. The focus of this research is how the behavior of Muslim traders in the Jagalan Kediri Trashy Market in general. Then, from the large number of traders, of course not all traders have behavior in accordance with Islamic business ethics, as well as traders who are in accordance with the rules of Islamic business ethics. This study aims to determine how the behavior of Muslim traders in the Jagalan Kediri Trashy Market in buying and selling transactions and to find out how the behavior of Muslim traders in the Jagalan Kediri Trashy Market in reviewing Islamic business ethics. Key Words: Trade, loak market, Islamic business

Полиязычие в образовании как кондиция развития Кыргызстана

2019 ◽  
pp. 24-26
Author(s):  
Гүлия Эрмат кызы
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Communication Skills ◽  
Language Skills ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Foreign Languages ◽  
Educational Reforms ◽  
Key Words And Phrases ◽  
Kyrgyz Republic ◽  
General Overview

Аннотация: В статье предлагается общий обзор двуязычия в Кыргызской Республике и необходимости изучения иностранных языков для развития толерантной личности. Особое внимание уделяется языковым навыкам обучающихся как одному из важных условий развития страны в целом. Соблюдение координации в преподавании иностранного, русского и родного языков является одним из главных стимулов поддержания и повышения интереса к изучению языков. Владение несколькими языками дает человеку способность осуществлять коммуникативную деятельность и стремиться к расширению лингвистического мировоззрения. Многоязыковая коммуникативная способность населения также может рассматриваться как одно из условий экономического роста в республике. Ключевые слова: Двуязычие, полиязычие, культура, национальность, конкурентоспособность, стратегия, образовательные реформы, коммуникативные навыки, лингвистическое сознание, гражданская интеграция Аннотация: Макалада Кыргыз Республикасындагы орун алган билингвизм боюнча жалпы сереп сунушталып, коомдогу толеранттуулукту илгерилетүүдө чет тилдерди үйрөнүү зарылчылыгы баяндалат. Өлкөнүн бүтүндөй өнүгүү жолунда, маанилүү шарттардын бири – бул англис, орус жана кыргыз тилдерин окутуудагы болгон координациянын сакталышы эсептелинет. Адамдын бир нече тилдерди билүүсү, ага болгон кызыгуу менен гана чектелип кала бербестен, жеке коммуникативдик жөндөмдү андан ары кеңейтүүгө өбөлгө түзөт. Жергиликтүү калктын коммуникативдик потенциалы өлкөнүн экономикалык өсүүсүнө түздөн-түз таасирин тийгизип, жарандык интеграцияга мүмкүнчүлүк түзүлөт. Түйүндүү сөздөр: Билингвизм, полилингвизм, маданият, улут, атаандаштык, стратегия, билим берүү реформасы, коммуникативдик аң-сезим, жарандык интеграция. The article offers a general overview of bilingualism in the Kyrgyz Republic and the need to learn foreign languages for advancing tolerance in a society. Special attention is paid to the language skills of people as one of the important development conditions of the country itself. Compliance with coordination in the teaching of the English, Russian and Kyrgyz languages is one of the main ways to maintain and increase interest in the study of languages. Knowledge of several languages gives a person an ability to carry out communicative activities and strive to expand own linguistic worldview. Multilingual communicative capacity of the local population can also be considered as one of the conditions for economic growth in the country. Key words and phrases: Bilingualism, polylinguism, culture, nationality, competitiveness, strategy, educational reforms, communication skills, linguistic consciousness, civil integration.

Delhi in Transition, 1821 and Beyond

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
English Translation ◽  
East India Company ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Original Manuscript ◽  
English East India Company ◽  
The Times ◽  
First Time ◽  
The City

Commissioned by the English East India Company to write about contemporary nineteenth-century Delhi, Mirza Sangin Beg walked around the city to capture its highly fascinating urban and suburban extravaganza. Laced with epigraphy and fascinating anecdotes, the city as ‘lived experience’ has an overwhelming presence in his work, Sair-ul Manazil. Sair-ul Manazil dominates the historiography of eighteenth- and nineteenth-century compositions on Delhi in Persian and Urdu, and remains unparalleled in its architecture and detailed content. It deals with the habitations of people, bazars, professions and professionals, places of worship and revelry, and issues of contestation. Over fifty typologies of structures and several institutions that find resonance in the Persian and Ottoman Empires can also be gleaned from Sair-ul Manazil. Interestingly, Beg made no attempt to ‘monumentalize’ buildings; instead, he explored them as spaces reflective of the sociocultural milieu of the times. Delhi in Transition is the first comprehensive English translation of Beg’s work, which was originally published in Persian. It is the only translation to compare the four known versions of Sair-ul Manazil, including the original manuscript located in Berlin, which is being consulted for the first time. It has an exhaustive introduction and extensive notes, along with the use of varied styles in the book to indicate the multiple sources of the text, contextualize Beg’s work for the reader and engage him with the debate concerning the different variants of this unique and eclectic work.

Planning and maintenance of urban architectural environmental color—A case study of xingning traditional block in nanning city

2021 ◽  
pp. 002072092098467
Author(s):  
Lu Zhang ◽  
Zhenghong Peng
Keyword(s):  
Vital Role ◽  
Architectural Style ◽  
Unique Color ◽  
Architectural Features ◽  
City District ◽  
Urban Planning And Development ◽  
Systematic Planning ◽  
The Times ◽  
The City

As the most historically and culturally valuable city district in Nanning, Xingning Block has gradually formed its own unique color characteristics and architectural style in the slow process of urban historical development, showing the unique local customs and architectural features. However, restricted by the specific development conditions, many undesirable aspects can be found in the overall architectural landscape color of some nodes on the block, such as lack of systematic planning, poor material matching, messy building color, as well as various challenges of contemporary social development to the architectural environmental color on the block.The architectural environmental color of urban traditional blocks is an important part of the specific history, culture and spirit of the times of a city, which plays a vital role in the development and change of the city. Therefore, how to effectively and reasonably do a good job in sustainable urban planning and development is an issue that must attract the attention of competent authorities at all levels, scientific research institutions and planning practitioners.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Ectopic Eruption, Impaction, Retention and Agenesis of the Permanent Second Molar

2007 ◽  
Vol 77 (5) ◽  
pp. 773-778 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Bondemark ◽  
Jola Tsiopa
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Sample Size Calculation ◽  
Optimal Time ◽  
Second Molar ◽  
Ectopic Eruption ◽  
Delayed Eruption ◽  
Dental Records ◽  
The Times ◽  
The City

Abstract Objective: To elucidate the prevalence of ectopic eruption, impaction, and primary and secondary retention as well as agenesis of the permanent second molar (M2) among adolescents. Materials and Methods: After a sample size calculation, dental records, including radiographs, of 1543 patients (722 girls and 821 boys), from three clinics in the city of Malmoe, Sweden, were retrospectively analyzed. Series of annual records and radiographs were examined for all patients from 10 to 16 years of age and were carried out during 2004–2006. The prevalence of ectopic eruption, impaction, and primary and secondary retention as well as agenesis of M2s was registered in a standardized manner and according to preset definitions. In addition, the times of emergence of the M2s were recorded. Results: The prevalence of ectopic eruption of M2 was 1.5%, the prevalence of primary retention was 0.6%, and the prevalence of impaction was 0.2%. This means that the overall prevalence of eruption disturbances was 2.3%. In addition, the prevalence of agenesis was 0.8%. The prevalence of ectopic eruption was significantly higher in the mandible. Those patients with eruption disturbances and agenesis of M2 showed significantly delayed eruption of their other M2s compared to the individuals without any eruption disturbances. Conclusions: The prevalence of eruption disturbances was higher than reported earlier, and, even if the disturbances do not occur frequently, it is important to develop an early diagnosis in order to start the treatment at the optimal time.

Ruth

1975 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward F. Campbell , Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Generation Gap ◽  
Sensitive Analysis ◽  
King David ◽  
Moving Force ◽  
The Bible ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Times ◽  
The City ◽  
And Linguistics

Ruth, a tale of human kindness and just dealing far beyond the norm, contains elements that for centuries have been the subject of debate. With a sprightly translation and a commentary rich in informed speculation, Professor Campbell considers the questions of layman and scholar alike. Finding no overt mighty acts, the layman asks, “Why was Ruth included in the Bible at all? Where is God?” Professor Campbell shows that God is not only present throughout but is indeed the moving force behind all the developments of the story. Naomi, Ruth, and Boaz each act as God to each other, by taking extraordinary responsibility and performing extraordinary acts of kindness. And it is God who is responsible for the series of coincidences on which the plot hinges. The scholar’s questions deal with such matters as purpose, date, and genre. Professor Campbell’s research into ancient customs and linguistics suggests to him that Ruth is a historical novelette, entertaining and instructive, composed not long after the reign of King David, during the time of Solomon or within the subsequent century. Professor Campbell demonstrates the storyteller’s skill with sensitive analysis of form, pacing, and wordplay. By delving into word origins and nuances he shows how convincingly the characters are developed. One instance: Naomi and Boaz use obsolescent language, emphasizing the generation gap between them and Ruth. In addition, the illustrations help the reader understand unfamiliar elements of the story—the setting, the agricultural seasons and harvesting, the clothing of the times, the city gate where elders and interested villagers gather to make sure that all is done in a just and godly way.

OUR KLEENEX CULTURE

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 359-359
Author(s):  
R. J. H.
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York Times ◽  
The New York Times ◽  
The Times ◽  
The City

. . . It takes about 850 acres of Canadian timber to print one Sunday's New York Times. . . . The New York Times sells for 50¢ (1972) and contains more paper and typography than an unillustrated novel selling for $7.95. While the Times carries about 500 photographs and drawings in its Sunday edition and a novel does not, book-binding costs average 22¢ per book. It costs the city of New York nearly 10¢ per copy each week to clean up discarded copies of the Sunday New York Times.

The City of Mosul in the works of geographers (4-7 AH / 10-13 AD)

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 24-46
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
The Political ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Political Forces ◽  
Historical Importance ◽  
The City ◽  
Climatic Features

The Iraqi city of Mosul occupied a clear geographical and historical importance for a large number of geographers and historians due to its geographical and historical importance, and because of the important historical events that its lands witnessed that changed the political map of several countries Geographers were interested in studying the geography of Mosul, and most of them made it within the geography of the Euphrates island, and this, of course, is due to the nature of the ruling political forces at that time, especially mentioning in successive Islamic eras, as well as the administrative subordination of the ruling Islamic states or emirates at that time. The research addressed the views of an important number of geographers about the city of Mosul, especially those who lived through the Abbasid era and its various stages, in terms of name and location, and the most important geographical and climatic features of this city, as well as the nature of its inhabitants, their buildings, and the nature of their land, and referred to the goods and imports that it was famous for. Naturalization made it self-sufficient, as well as the most important villages and cities near it, which are within its borders. Key words: City, Palm, Basra, Institutions, Country.

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