INCORPORAÇÃO DO RESÍDUO DE VIDRO PLANO EM CERÂMICA VERMELHA

The present work aims to evaluate the influence of different residue incorporations on the physical and mechanical properties of a typical red ceramic composition, replacing the sand, by using the residue from the first stage of tempered glass manufacturing. Ceramic specimens were prepared with incorporations of 0 and 20% of flat glass waste. The samples were obtained by extrusion, dried and fired at 800, 900, 1000 ° C in a laboratory oven. Analyzes of the raw materials were performed, among which the thermal, morphological, physical and chemical can be highlighted. Tests on the fired ceramic specimens were also performed. The firing properties obtained were the dry bulk density, relative density, water absorption, dry linear shrinkage, linear firing shrinkage and flexural strength. The results showed that both the increase of the glass content and the increase of temperature had a positive influence on the studied properties. Furthermore, it confirmed that the glass waste acted in order to lower the proper firing temperature. Flat glass waste is therefore a highly recommended fluxing element for the red ceramic industry, as it can be incorporated in quantities as significant as 20% without major negative effects on the properties, therefore optimizing the amount of waste used and acting positively on the properties studied, reducing energy and raw material costs.

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Production of Cement Blocks and New Ceramic Materials with High Content of Glass Waste

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.663.34 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 663 ◽

pp. 34-41 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Fernanda Andreola ◽

Isabella Lancellotti ◽

Rosa Taurino ◽

Cristina Leonelli ◽

Luisa Barbieri

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Environmental Impact ◽

Economic Burden ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Glass Melting ◽

Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽

Ceramic Materials ◽

Raw Material ◽

Added Value ◽

Glass Waste

Virgin raw materials can be partially replaced by glass waste in order to reduce the environmental impact being its recycling a significant problem for municipalities worldwide. In Italy in 2013, approximately 1,600,000 tons of container glass have been collected but it was not possible to recycle all of them in the glass melting process.This work is focused on the valorization of glass waste as raw material in new cement and ceramic products, to convert it from an environmental and economic burden to a profitable, added-value resource in the formulation of new mixes. Several parameters, such as grinding, forming, firing, etc. have been studied.It has been optimized the grinding and the reclaiming step of waste to obtain an alternative raw material for hot and cold consolidation processes. Chemical, physical and mechanical properties of products were carried out. The results show new real possibilities to use high amounts of glass waste as an alternative raw material in products consolidated either by hot or cold techniques, reducing the management problems of the glass waste.

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Manufacture of Sustainable Clay Bricks Using Waste from Secondary Aluminum Recycling as Raw Material

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma11122439 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (12) ◽

pp. 2439 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Eduardo Bonet-Martínez ◽

Luis Pérez-Villarejo ◽

Dolores Eliche-Quesada ◽

Eulogio Castro

Keyword(s):

Compressive Strength ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽

Linear Shrinkage ◽

Raw Material ◽

Partial Substitution ◽

Secondary Aluminum ◽

Recycling Industry ◽

Clay Bricks ◽

Aluminum Recycling

The aluminum recycling industry produces aluminum filter dust (AFD), a waste byproduct of the aluminum recycling process composed mainly of aluminum oxide in a percentage between 60–70%, 8% calcium oxide, almost 15% sodium chloride, and between 5–10% potassium chloride. Due to its aluminum content, this waste can be used as a raw material in the manufacture of ceramic bricks, at the same time reducing the environmental impact produced in landfill. In this work, the partial substitution of a clay mixture (40% black, 30% red, and 30% yellow clay) by different proportions of AFD in the range 0–25 wt % for the production of fired clay brick was studied. The raw materials, clays, and waste were characterized by XRF and XRD. The brick specimens were fired at 950 °C and their physical and mechanical properties, such as water absorption, water suction, loss of ignition, linear shrinkage, bulk density, and compressive strength, were analyzed. The more relevant results were obtained with the addition of up to 20 wt % AFD, obtaining bricks with physical properties comparable to pure clay-based bricks used as a reference and better compressive strength and thermal conductivity due to the balance between the melting and pore-forming effects of the waste. These sustainable bricks also comply with the regulations of heavy metals leached to the environment, as indicated by the leaching test.

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Effects of Lizardite Addition on Technological Properties of Forsterite-Monticellite Rich White Ceramics Prepared From Natural Magnesite and Dolomite

10.21203/rs.3.rs-102638/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Ahmed Manni ◽

Achraf Harrati ◽

Abdelilah El Haddar ◽

Abdelwahed Chari ◽

Ali Sdiri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Ceramic Industry ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽

Linear Shrinkage ◽

Thermomechanical Properties ◽

Raw Material ◽

Technological Properties ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Potential Use

Abstract Lizardite rich peridotite has never been used to prepare ceramic specimens, especially in Morocco. For this raison, potential use of naturally abundant lazirditic material from the Rif domain (NW morocco), as a supply for ceramic industry, has been evaluated. The effects of lizardite addition to magnesite and dolomite mixtures on the thermomechanical properties of the calcined ceramics were also detailed. To achieve this target, natural lizardite, magnesite and dolomite samples were collected in ultrabasic Beni Bousra massif. Those raw samples were used for the synthesis of a forsterite-monticellite rich ceramics. Both raw and sintered samples were characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and fourier transform infrared (FTIR). Main physical and mechanical properties were assessed and correlated to their respective microstructural changes. The obtained results showed that both magnesite and dolomite were mainly composed of MgCO3 and CaCO3. In contrast, lizardite sample showed high amounts of silica, magnesia and iron oxide. Technological tests indicated that the prepared mixtures had increased flexural strengths. An increased amount of lizardite in the initial mixtures enhanced mechanical properties of the prepared ceramic specimens. The same data showed that lizardite has led to a decrease in linear shrinkage during calcination and subsequently, the production of ceramics with the required technological properties. Thus, the preparation of lizardite-based ceramics from the raw material deposits of the Rif area, Morocco, is technically feasible, economically justifiable and socially desirable due to the contribution to the economic growth of the raw materials sector, especially ceramic industry.

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Engineering Composites Made from Wood and Chicken Feather Bonded with UF Resin Fortified with Wollastonite: A Novel Approach

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym12040857 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 857 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Hamid R. Taghiyari ◽

Roya Majidi ◽

Ayoub Esmailpour ◽

Younes Sarvari Samadi ◽

Asghar Jahangiri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Density Functional ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Medium Density Fiberboard ◽

Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽

Raw Material ◽

Composite Panel ◽

Wood Composite ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Chicken Feathers

Wood-composite panel factories are in shortage of raw materials; therefore, finding new sources of fibers is vital for sustainable production. The effects of chicken feathers, as a renewable source of natural fibers, on the physicomechanical properties of medium-density fiberboard (MDF) and particleboard panels were investigated here. Wollastonite was added to resin to compensate possible negative effects of chicken feathers. Only feathers of the bodies of chickens were added to composite matrix at 5% and 10% content, based on the dry weight of the raw material, particles or fibers. Results showed significant negative effects of 10%-feather content on physical and mechanical properties. However, feather content of 5% showed some promising results. Addition of wollastonite to resin resulted in the improvement of some physical and mechanical properties. Wollastonite acted as reinforcing filler in resin and improved some of the properties; therefore, future studies should be carried out on the reduction of resin content. Moreover, density functional theory (DFT) demonstrated the formation of new bonds between wollastonite and carbohydrate polymers in the wood cell wall. It was concluded that chicken feathers have potential in wood-composite panel production.

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Research on Simulation Test of Coal Similar Material

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.850-851.847 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 850-851 ◽

pp. 847-850 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Lin Chao Dai

Keyword(s):

Compressive Strength ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Similarity Theory ◽

Design Method ◽

Uniform Design ◽

Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽

Raw Material ◽

Similar Material ◽

Cement Ratio ◽

Water Cement Ratio

In order to study the coal and gas outburst similar simulation experiment, coal similar material was made up based on the similarity theory. Based on the previous similar material study, the cement, sand, water, activated carbon and coal powder was selected as the raw material of similar material. Meanwhile similar material matching program with 5 factors and 6 levels was designed by using Uniform Design Method. And the physical and mechanical properties of the similar material compressive strength was measured under different proportions circumstances. The relationship between similar material and the raw materials was analyzed. The results show that choosing different materials can compound different similar materials with different requirements. And the water-cement ratio plays a decisive influence on the compressive strength of similar material. The compressive strength of similar material decreases linearly when the water-cement ratio increases.

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Incorporation of sugarcane bagasse ash waste as an alternative raw material for red ceramic

Cerâmica ◽

10.1590/s0366-69132013000300019 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 59 (351) ◽

pp. 473-480 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

K. C. P. Faria ◽

J. N. F. Holanda

Keyword(s):

Sugarcane Bagasse ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Phase Evolution ◽

Linear Shrinkage ◽

Raw Material ◽

Partial Replacement ◽

Clay Material ◽

Natural Clay ◽

Materials Used ◽

Sugarcane Industry

The sugarcane industry generates huge amounts of sugarcane bagasse ashes (SCBA). This work investigates the incorporation of a SCBA waste as an alternative raw material into a clay body, replacing natural clay material by up to 20 wt.%. Clay ceramic pieces were produced by uniaxial pressing and fired at temperatures varying from 700 to 1100 ºC. The technological properties of the clay ceramic pieces (linear shrinkage, apparent density, water absorption, and tensile strength) as function of the firing temperature and waste addition are investigated. The phase evolution during firing was followed by X-ray diffraction. The results showed that the SCBA waste could be incorporated into red ceramics (bricks and roofing tiles) in partial replacement for natural clay material. These results confirm the feasibility of valorisation of SCBA waste to produce red ceramic. This use of SCBA can also contribute greatly to reducing the environmental problems of the sugarcane industry, and also save the sources of natural raw materials used in the ceramic industry.

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Ceramic Composition Material with Mullite Crystals Obtained from the Clayy Raw Material of Yakutia

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.992.253 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 992 ◽

pp. 253-258

Author(s):

M.P. Lebedev ◽

V.N. Tagrov ◽

E.S. Lukin

Keyword(s):

Building Materials ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Practical Interest ◽

Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽

Ceramic Materials ◽

Strength Properties ◽

Raw Material ◽

Composition Material ◽

Material Base ◽

Wide Range

The article deals with the manufacture of modern structural ceramic materials from clay and loam deposits of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The importance and relevance of the development of the production of building materials from local raw materials is emphasized, since this will certainly affect the effectiveness of the construction complex as a whole. The successful development of the construction complex is capable of not only stimulating growth in all sectors of the economy, but also contributes to solving the most pressing social problems. Today, Yakutia has huge reserves of mineral raw materials for the production of a wide range of building materials and products. Of practical interest are wall materials made from clay soils. Given the features of the region’s raw material base, this work focuses on additional processing of traditional material. Controlling the complex physicochemical and structural-mechanical transformations that occur during heat treatment, a methodology has been developed for creating a composite material that will allow competitive innovative materials with enhanced strength properties to be produced with a reinforcing element with a glassy phase matrix of mullite crystals. The fabricated samples have a wide range of physical and mechanical properties and allow using it as a high-quality structural building ceramics, as well as industrial floor technical tile.

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Use of basaltic waste as red ceramic raw material

Cerâmica ◽

10.1590/0366-69132016623621955 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 62 (362) ◽

pp. 157-162 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

T. M. Mendes ◽

G. Morales ◽

P. J. Reis

Keyword(s):

Size Distribution ◽

Mechanical Performance ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Raw Material ◽

Metropolitan Region ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Microstructure Evaluation ◽

Firing Shrinkage ◽

Physical And Chemical

Abstract Nowadays, environmental codes restrict the emission of particulate matters, which result in these residues being collected by plant filters. This basaltic waste came from construction aggregate plants located in the Metropolitan Region of Londrina (State of Paraná, Brazil). Initially, the basaltic waste was submitted to sieving (< 75 μm) and the powder obtained was characterized in terms of density and particle size distribution. The plasticity of ceramic mass containing 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% of basaltic waste was measured by Atterberg method. The chemical composition of ceramic formulations containing 0% and 20% of basaltic waste was determined by X-ray fluorescence. The prismatic samples were molded by extrusion and fired at 850 °C. The specimens were also tested to determine density, water absorption, drying and firing shrinkages, flexural strength, and Young's modulus. Microstructure evaluation was conducted by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and mercury intrusion porosimetry. Basaltic powder has similar physical and chemical characteristics when compared to other raw materials, and contributes to ceramic processing by reducing drying and firing shrinkage. Mechanical performance of mixtures containing basaltic powder is equivalent to mixtures without waste. Microstructural aspects such as pore size distribution were modified by basaltic powder; albite phase related to basaltic powder was identified by X-ray diffraction.

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Utilization of Waste Glass in Polymer Concrete

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.865.171 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 865 ◽

pp. 171-177 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jakub Hodul ◽

Jana Hodná ◽

Rostislav Drochytka ◽

Michaela Vyhnánková

Keyword(s):

Building Materials ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Waste Glass ◽

Waste Material ◽

Polymer Concrete ◽

Building Industry ◽

Glass Waste ◽

Suitable Treatment

Glass waste is currently produced almost in all developed countries. It is the silicate based waste material which after suitable treatment has found application in many industries and therefore some types of waste glass belong to progressive secondary raw materials. However, the use of this silicate waste material which differ on the basis of an initial use of the glass in its physical and mechanical properties has not been fully explored in the field of building industry – the production of building materials. The replacement of the common filler – quartz sand in the polymer concrete (PC) could be one of the effective possibilities of the utilization of different type of waste glass in the building industry. Mainly for this reason, this work deals with the experimental examining the possibility of using various types of waste glass in the polymer concrete based on epoxy resin.

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Analysis Physical and Mechanical Of Particle Boards Raw Materials Nipah Fruit Fiber

Teknomekanik ◽

10.24036/tm.v2i1.2672 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 14-19

Author(s):

M Saddikin ◽

Hendri Nurdin ◽

Primawati Primawati

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Moisture Content ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽

Average Density ◽

Raw Material ◽

Average Moisture Content ◽

Particle Board ◽

Wood Particles ◽

Tapioca Flour

The raw materials of the timber industry, especially furniture, are increasingly difficult to obtain in the quantity and quality needed. The development efforts carried out were utilizing Nipah coir waste as a raw material for making particle boards. Particle boards are panel boards made of wood particles or materials containing lignocellulose. Nipah plants contain 27.3% lignin and 36.5% cellulose which has the potential to be used as raw material for particleboard production. This study aims to reveal the physical and mechanical properties of particleboards made from Nipah fruit fibre with adhesive using tapioca flour. The making of particle board is done with a ratio of 90%: 10%, 80%: 20%, 70%: 30%, 60%: 40%, by giving a pressure of 100 kg / cm2. Particle testing is carried out according to the JIS A 5908 standard (2003). From this study, the optimum results were obtained in variations of 60%:40%. The particle physical properties which have an average density value of 1.15 gr / cm3 and an average moisture content of 5.8%. While the mechanical properties obtained by the value of Modulus of Elasticity an average of 21,188.93 kg / cm2. This shows the particle board variations of 60%: 40% produced to meet the JIS A 5908 (2003) standard. Based on the analysis of the quality variations 60%: 40% of particle boards can be recommended as raw materials for interior furniture.

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