scholarly journals Desocialization of Enterprises: Empowering Venezuelans

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Acevedo ◽  
Luis Cirocco ◽  
Lorca-Susino María
Keyword(s):  
Market Economy ◽  
Economic Freedom ◽  
Free Market ◽  
The State ◽  
General Description ◽  
Free Market Economy ◽  
Economic Elites ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Individual ◽  
And Control

One of the fundamental conditions for overcoming the economic disaster in Venezuela and being sure that a new government could not snatch away economic freedom again, is the desocialization of the economy. Following Rothbard (1992), we propose one of the required steps to achieve a real free market economy in a post-socialist Venezuela. In this paper we analyze, based on previous experiences, how to desocialize enterprises in this country, as well as the historical skepticism that socialist politicians, media, and economic elites have created against the capacities of Venezuelans to manage their own property. In addition, we provide a draft of a privatization law that minimizes the presence and control of government in this process, a requirement because of the historical trend of corruption and cronyism of all Venezuela’s governments. Also, we provide a general description of our proposal of distributing among Venezuelans by birth and legal age, all special taxes and royalties that oil enterprises have to pay to governments in such a way as to starve the government and consolidate its fiscal dependence with citizens to strength democracy and liberty. Finally, we conclude that even though it is fundamental, it is not enough just to desocialize enterprises, but also to apply other radical free-market policies oriented to increase the individual liberties and minimize as much as possible the State.

KEGAGALAN PRIVATISASI BUMN DI ERA REZIM ORDE BARU DALAM PERSPEKTIF EKONOMI POLITIK

Wacana Publik ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Syamsul Ma'arif
Keyword(s):  
Market Economy ◽  
Free Market ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
The State ◽  
Early Years ◽  
New Order ◽  
Free Market Economy ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Role Of The State

After had being carried out nationalization and hostility against west countries, the New Order regime made important decision to change Indonesia economic direction from etatism system to free market economy. A set of policies were taken in order private sector could play major role in economic. However, when another economic sectors were reformed substantially, effords to reform the State Owned Enterprises had failed. The State Owned Enterprise, in fact, remained to play dominant role like early years of guided democracy era. Role of the State Owned Enterprises was more and more powerfull). The main problem of reforms finally lied on reality that vested interest of bureaucrats (civil or military) was so large that could’nt been overcome. 

Capitalist Coalitions, the State, and Neoliberal Economic Restructuring: Chile, 1973–88

1993 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 526-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Silva
Keyword(s):  
Market Economy ◽  
Free Market ◽  
Economic Change ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Economic Restructuring ◽  
The State ◽  
Free Market Economy ◽  
Relative State ◽  
Power Resources ◽  
High Degree

This article argues that a high degree of relative state autonomy and ideology, while necessary, was not sufficient to explain fully the change from import-substitution industrialization to an open, free-market economy in Chile. A comparison across three distinct policy periods in authoritarian Chile reveals that shifting coalitions of businessmen and landowners, with varying power resources, also played an important part in the outcome. This approach does not seek to vitiate other interpretations of economic change in Chile and elsewhere. The question is not so much which factor is most important, but how and when the different factors matter.

The Understanding of Entertainment in Press Enterprises in Turkey

2014 ◽  
pp. 105-121
Author(s):  
Cuneyt Binatli ◽  
Gozde Sunal
Keyword(s):  
Market Economy ◽  
Print Media ◽  
Free Market ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Free Market Economy ◽  
Potential Harm ◽  
The Past ◽  
Promotional Materials ◽  
The Government ◽  
Potential Customers

Marketing techniques have been developed in print media for more than a century in order to increase demand for newspapers and magazines. Readers' choices are determined to be impacted by the promotional practices that have become a crucial financing source for newspapers in the free market economy and the related competitive advantages existing in our country. As an effective promotion method used by companies at press organizations to introduce themselves to their potential customers or to increase their sales, promotional materials were distributed in the past for any entertainment and sales-boosting purposes, without considering their pedagogical effect or the potential harm to the children. It was later agreed that such materials should mainly include educational aspects, as decided by the government. Therefore, the main purpose of this chapter is to describe the recreational promotion products as well as a basic background on the reasons for distributing such products.

scholarly journals Investment in Agriculture and Increasing Its Efficiency

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 182-184
Author(s):  
Xurramov Eshmamat Xudoyberdiyevich
Keyword(s):  
Market Economy ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Free Market ◽  
The State ◽  
Capital Investments ◽  
Free Market Economy ◽  
Economic Base ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Made In ◽  
Objective Necessity

Annotation: Investments are made in any socio-economic formations. Because they are spent on strengthening the state, the industry, enterprises, and, finally, the economic base of the population. It is an objective necessity to invest in the development of agriculture in the Republic of Uzbekistan, where a free market economy is gradually being formed. In this article, we will learn about investment and capital investment in agriculture and how to increase their efficiency. Keywords: investments, population, efficiency, capital investments.

scholarly journals Corruption and Economic Liberty in Central Asian Republics (2001-2008)

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
İlyas Sözen ◽  
Ahmet Alkan Çelik ◽  
Selahattin Sarı
Keyword(s):  
Market Economy ◽  
Economic Freedom ◽  
Free Market ◽  
Free Market Economy ◽  
Bureaucratic Corruption ◽  
Natural Sources ◽  
Economic Liberty ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
The Social ◽  
Central Asian Republics

The aim of this study is to examine, in the period between two global economic crises, the progress of economic freedom along with corruptions in Central Asian Republics, integrated into the free market economy according to “the Washington Consensus” since late 1990s. According to exportation of natural sources, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan together with Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan and Tajikistan all seemed to have entirely different economic structures. Basic macro economic variables, economic liberty indicators and corruption data covering the period of 2001-2008 are to be discussed. In the light of the outcomes of this study, it is observed that, while the social structure in the countries exporting natural sources is stronger, due to the authoritarian structures of the countries in both groups of countries, bureaucratic corruption increases consistently. As Central Asian Republics are in a state of unsuccessful transition into the market economy, the betterment in legislation does not debug the system called “limbo” (neither planned economy nor free market).

Insulating Families from Market Forces—The Rise of the Welfare State

2020 ◽  
pp. 159-175
Author(s):  
Maxine Eichner
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
Free Market ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Market Forces ◽  
Free Market Economy ◽  
Separate Spheres ◽  
The Government ◽  
The New Deal

This chapter shows that the constant in America’s relationship with markets hasn’t been the acceptance of a free-market economy, but rather the belief that the economy should serve the interests of families. The nineteenth-century rise of the market economy in the United States, it demonstrates, was accompanied by the rise of a set of beliefs that historians call the “ideology of separate spheres.” This ideology sold Americans on the market economy by claiming that it would help families thrive. By the end of the nineteenth century, though, it became clear that the market was failing to deliver on this promise for working-class families. Reformers then called for the government to step in to use regulation to support the promise that the market would protect families. The New Deal arose out of that view of the government’s role. For much of the twentieth century, the government’s responsibility to safeguard the well-being of families against harmful market forces was a fundamental part of our nation’s social contract.

scholarly journals Barriers to the Enforcement of Environmental Law: An Effect of Free Market Domination and Regional Autonomy in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Jean Claude Geofrey Mahoro ◽  
F.X. Adji Samekto
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
Free Market ◽  
Environmental Law ◽  
Criminal Liability ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Free Market Economy ◽  
Regional Autonomy ◽  
Effective Implementation ◽  
The Government

This paper discusses different issues relating to the enforcement of environmental law in Indonesia in the long way of the Indonesian government to sustainable development. To reach reliable conclusion, socio-legal approach was employed in this paper. Throughout the work the researcher analyses environmental philosophies including anthropocentrism, biocentrism and ecocentrism. This phenomenon does not only pose responsibility to the government but also to private individuals or companies in their operations in order not to leave burdens to the shoulders of future generations. This ideology was not well ensured in the free-market economy and regional autonomy as the proliferated regulations were not directed to meet the efficient and equitable environmental principles. Hindrances to the effective implementation of environmental law, inter alia, the non-envisaged licensing system in administrative enforcement; ineffective civil damages towards the environmental losses; and non-reaching environmental criminal liability. Besides that, the persistent corruption is another impediment to the effective implementation of environmental law in Indonesia. 

THE VALUE OF LOVE IN THE SYSTEM OF FORMATION OF THE PROFESSIONAL MATURITY OF THE EDUCATOR

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (10(79)) ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
G. Bubyreva
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
The State ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Right

The existing legislation determines the education as "an integral and focused process of teaching and upbringing, which represents a socially important value and shall be implemented so as to meet the interests of the individual, the family, the society and the state". However, even in this part, the meaning of the notion ‘socially significant benefit is not specified and allows for a wide range of interpretation [2]. Yet the more inconcrete is the answer to the question – "who and how should determine the interests of the individual, the family and even the state?" The national doctrine of education in the Russian Federation, which determined the goals of teaching and upbringing, the ways to attain them by means of the state policy regulating the field of education, the target achievements of the development of the educational system for the period up to 2025, approved by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of October 4, 2000 #751, was abrogated by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of March 29, 2014 #245 [7]. The new doctrine has not been developed so far. The RAE Academician A.B. Khutorsky believes that the absence of the national doctrine of education presents a threat to national security and a violation of the right of citizens to quality education. Accordingly, the teacher has to solve the problem of achieving the harmony of interests of the individual, the family, the society and the government on their own, which, however, judging by the officially published results, is the task that exceeds the abilities of the participants of the educational process.  The particular concern about the results of the patriotic upbringing served as a basis for the legislative initiative of the RF President V. V. Putin, who introduced the project of an amendment to the Law of RF "About Education of the Russian Federation" to the State Duma in 2020, regarding the quality of patriotic upbringing [3]. Patriotism, considered by the President of RF V. V. Putin as the only possible idea to unite the nation is "THE FEELING OF LOVE OF THE MOTHERLAND" and the readiness for every sacrifice and heroic deed for the sake of the interests of your Motherland. However, the practicing educators experience shortfalls in efficient methodologies of patriotic upbringing, which should let them bring up citizens, loving their Motherland more than themselves. The article is dedicated to solution to this problem based on the Value-sense paradigm of upbringing educational dynasty of the Kurbatovs [15].

Determinanty wewnętrzne polityki zagranicznej Ukrainy pod rządami Wołodymyra Zełenskiego

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-141
Author(s):  
Tomasz Stępniewski
Keyword(s):  
Market Economy ◽  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Political System ◽  
Free Market ◽  
Stable State ◽  
Free Market Economy ◽  
The Rule Of Law ◽  
The People ◽  
Internal Politics ◽  
Research Questions

The present paper discusses the following research questions: to what extent did errors made by the previous presidents of Ukraine result in the country’s failure to introduce systemic reforms (e.g. combating corruption, the development of a foundation for a stable state under the rule of law and free-market economy)?; can it be ventured that the lack of radical reforms along with errors in the internal politics of Ukraine under Petro Poroshenko resulted in the president’s failure?; will the strong vote of confidence given to Volodymyr Zelensky and the Servant of the People party exact systemic reforms in Ukraine?; or will Volodymyr Zelensky merely become an element of the oligarchic political system in Ukraine?

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