scholarly journals RISK FACTORS OF DEVELOPMENT OF HALLUCINATORY-PARANOIDAL DISORDERS IN PATIENTS WITH DEMENTIA OF A MIXED GENESIS

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Shevchenko-Bitensky
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Cognitive Disorders ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Financial Conditions ◽  
The Family ◽  
Paranoid Symptoms ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
The Brain

Abstract Seventy-two patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) with late onset and vascular brain disease, dementia with hallucinatory-paranoid symptoms (the main group) were examined. The control group included 61 patients with AD with late onset and vascular disease of the brain without hallucinatory-paranoid symptoms. The risk factors for the development of hallucinatory-paranoid disorders in patients with mixed dementia were determined. These factors included: female gender; age of 78.6 ± 7.3 years old; hereditary burden of personality disorders; genetic predisposition for cognitive disorders; the presence of a neuropathic constitution in childhood; a retardation of a psychophysical development in childhood; low levels of academic performance; absence of family; secondary and secondary speciaized education; a physical type of a job; acute psychogenic factors associated with the worsening of financial conditions, conflicts in the family, and divorce.

Correlates of Participation in Physical Activity for Adolescent Girls: A Systematic Review of Recent Literature

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 423-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart J.H. Biddle ◽  
Sarah H. Whitehead ◽  
Toni M. O’Donovan ◽  
Mary E. Nevill
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Behavioral Correlates ◽  
Organized Sport ◽  
White Ethnicity ◽  
The Family ◽  
Low Levels

Background:Many adolescent girls have low levels of physical activity and participation declines with age. This review identifies recent correlates of physical activity in adolescent girls.Methods:Systematic review of papers published 1999 to mid-2003. Papers (k = 51) reporting a measure of physical activity and at least one potential correlate of physical activity in adolescent girls were analyzed.Results:Demographics related to physical activity were female gender (–), non-white ethnicity (–), age (–), and socio-economic status (+). Psychological correlates positively associated with physical activity were enjoyment, perceived competence, self-efficacy, and physical self-perceptions. Behavioral correlates showed that smoking was associated with lower and organized sport involvement with greater activity. Physical activity was associated with parental and family support but we found no consistent trends for environmental variables. Effects were small-to-moderate.Conclusions:Modifiable correlates for adolescent girls clustered around “positive psychology,” organized sport involvement, and the family.

Dynamics of Cognitive Disorders in Different Periods of Traumatic Brain Disease Depending on the Treatment

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 49-52
Author(s):  
Вышлова ◽  
I. Vyshlova ◽  
Карпов ◽  
Sergey Karpov ◽  
Апагуни ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neuropsychological Tests ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Cognitive Disorders ◽  
Cognitive Disorder ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Symptomatic Therapy ◽  
Early Assessment ◽  
Progressive Type ◽  
Attention Memory ◽  
The Brain

The development of the syndrome of cognitive disorders and its dynamics in young patients after concussion in the acute, intermediate and remote periods of traumatic disease of the brain depending on the method of treatment was studied. To define traumatic encephalopathy, it is necessary an early assessment of cognitive functions: attention, memory, speech, rapid reactions. The cognitive disorders were divided on mild, moderate and severe. The most informative in the diagnosis of syndrome of cognitive disorders were neuropsychological tests. The use of the Phenotro-pil increases the percentage of mild forms in combination with the reduction of moderate and severe symptoms in structure of the syndrome of cognitive disorder, thus regressive type of this syndrome was noted. In the control group, mild cognitive disorders with increasing moderate and severe forms of this syndrome decreases at the symptomatic therapy. This indicates about progressive type of this syndrome in a remote period of traumatic disease. The authors prove the effectiveness of the Phenotropil in prevention of the development of persistent effects of trauma, including the progression of the cognitive disorders syndrome.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Ischemic Heart Disease in the Young Population of Georgia

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gogishvili Giorgi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Young People ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease ◽  
Night Shift ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Ischemic Heart ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ischemic Disease

Objective: Study of risk factors (RF) for ischemic heart disease (IHD) in young people is a significant problem in cardiology. Aims: Study and prognosis of ischemic heart disease in Georgian population under 45 years of age. Methods: The study included 107 young patients with coronary heart disease (from 18 to 44 years old), who were treated in the cardiology department of the St. John the Merciful Private Clinic. The average age was (34.68 ± 6.2) years. The control group consisted of 199 healthy volunteers without cardiovascular diseases at the age from 18 to 44 years, the average age was (35.9 ± 5.2) years. In all patients, traditional risk factors were assessed. Results: Regression analysis has shown that it increases the risk of ischemic heart disease: living in the city - OR=6.90(95%CI:1.28-37.18); sleep disturbance - OR=45.62(95%CI:3.52-590.64); obesity -OR=24.56(95%CI:4.14-145.66); hypertension - OR=40.76(95%CI:8.07-205.92); excess intake of saturated fats - OR=79.94(95%CI:10.93-584.43); night shift - OR=39.01(95%CI:3.75-405.75); early detection of ischemic disease in grade I-II relatives - OR=44.22(95%CI:8.07-242.17); decrease - female gender - OR=0.14 (95%CI:0.03-0.70) and married - OR=0.01(95%CI:0.00-0.08); Conclusion: The ability to predict the risk of developing IHD in young people on the basis of traditional RFs, most of which are modifiable, as well as the study of "new" RFs opens up new perspectives in the formation of a strategic approach to the management of young patients in the presence of high risk.

The multipotent role of metallothionein in the nervous system

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-119
Author(s):  
G. А. Ushakova ◽  
Y. P. Kovalchuk
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Postoperative Pain ◽  
Physiological Activity ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Exploratory Activity ◽  
Cysteine Residues ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Brain

We provide a commentary on current experimental and theoretical advances and frame our consideration in terms of the possible functions of MT I+II in the nervous system. Metallothioneins (MT) are a family of small cysteine rich proteins, which since their discovery in 1957 have been implicated in a range of roles including toxic metal detoxification, protection against oxidative stress, and as a metallochaperone involved in the homeostasis of both zinc and copper. The most well studied member of the family is the mammalian metallothionein, which consists of two domains: a β-domain with 9 cysteine residues and an α-domain with 11 cysteine residues. Despite over half a century of research, the exact functions of MT in the nervous system are still unknown. Our studies have shown that the distribution of MT-I+II in the brain after prolonged intoxication, inhalation of 0.1% CdCl2 for 1 hour twice a week over 19 weeks, is dependent on the part of the brain. The metallothionein level declines more than 4 times in the hippocampus 3 weeks after continuous intoxication of 0.1% CdCl2. The level of MT-I+II in the cerebral cortex decreased by 1.5 times compared with the control group and did not change significantly in the cerebellum and thalamus/hypothalamus. The results of an experimental model of postoperative pain indicated that injection with MT-II prevents the development of postoperative hyperalgesia in response to mild alteration of physiological activity. Activation of locomotory and exploratory activity, and decrease of anxiety in rats under MT-II treatment at 100 µg/rat manifests itself on the 4th day after surgery. Our experimental data indicate the multipotent function of MT I+II in the rat brain both as a metal detoxifier and as an inhibitor of postoperative pain. 

Predicting offense recidivism in Schizophrenia patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S590-S590
Author(s):  
B. Oueslati ◽  
R. Ridha ◽  
A. Mrabet
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Urban Poor ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Recidivism Rates ◽  
Conventional Antipsychotics ◽  
The Family ◽  
Violent Recidivism ◽  
Recidivism Prevention ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
The Government

IntroductionSchizophrenia increases the risk of offending. Recidivism rates are significant.AimIdentifying general and violent recidivism risk factors in schizophrenia patients.MethodsWe conducted a case control study. All included patients were admitted, at least once, to the forensic psychiatry department in Razi Hospital between January 1st, 1985 and December 31st, 2014 after a decision of irresponsibility by reason of insanity. All those who reoffended during this period were considered as cases. A draw was performed to create the control group. Both groups were matched according to their first offenses’ types as well as to their ages. A multivariate analysis was performed.ResultsWe included 25 cases and 38 controls. Eight recidivism risk factors were identified. Living in urban poor neighbourhoods (P = 0.023; OR = 4.86), having been unemployed (P = 0.042; OR = 2.18) and not having lived with the family (P = 0.039; OR = 1.36) after discharge were considered as risk factors. The same applied to alcohol (P = 0.026; OR = 4.89) and cannabis use disorders (P = 0.018; OR = 6.01). A hospitalization shorter than 6 months increased the risk by 1.79 (P = 0.046). A combination of conventional antipsychotics (P = 0.023;OR = 4.81) and a poor adherence (P = 0.001; OR = 10.42) were considered as recidivism risk factors too.ConclusionsAll eight recidivism risk factors are dynamic. This makes recidivism prevention conceivable. Measures involving the patient, the health care system, patients’ families, society and the government should be taken.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Features of the use of choline alfoscerate in the complex correction of cognitive disorders in patients with alcohol dependence with encephalopathy

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Execution Time ◽  
Cognitive Disorders ◽  
Performance Standards ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Treatment Standards ◽  
Paroxysmal Activity ◽  
Test Execution ◽  
Group I ◽  
The Brain

The results of studying the dynamics of clinical and psychopathological manifestations, cognitive disorders, brain electrogenesis in patients with alcohol dependence under the influence of therapy according to the treatment standards (I group) and using the drug "Cereglia" in complex correction (II group) are shown in the work. As a result of treatment revealed positive dynamics of psychopathological symptoms relief in both groups was revealed; in patients II group improving electrogenesis brain manifested a decrease of irritatie, regress polymorphic paroxysmal activity, the representation of slow-wave complexes, normalization of the ratio of alpha- and beta-rhythms, the emergence of regional differences and the reactions of absorption on the functional load clinically manifested by increase of functional activity of the brain and improving cognitive function (improving ability to work and steadfastness of focus, logic of judgments, the correctness and validity of generalizations, processes of semantic memorization, the ability to highlight the main meaning of the perceived material, the ability to analyze, understand and put into words the information received), before the performance standards, the test execution time was significantly shorter in group II patients than in group I patients (p<0.05) and was closer to the test execution time in the control group. It was found that the dynamics of cognitive functions under the influence of treatment is a marker of the degree of manifestations of encephalopathy and evaluation of the effectiveness of therapy with the use of the drug "Cereglia".

scholarly journals A Study of the SORL1 Gene in the Pathogenesis of Late-onset Alzheimer’s Disease by Affecting the Expression of BDNF

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingri Zhao ◽  
Jiangfeng Liu ◽  
Jingli He ◽  
Xun Chen ◽  
Yanjin Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Cell Model ◽  
Amyloid Β ◽  
Cognitive Disorders ◽  
Amyloid Β Protein ◽  
Bdnf Expression ◽  
The Brain

Abstract BackgroundAlzheimer’s disease is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive memory impairment and other cognitive disorders. It is divided into Familial Alzheimer's disease (FAD) and Sporadic Alzheimer's disease (SAD). SAD is also called delayed Late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD). Sortilin Related Receptor 1 (SORL1) is a high-risk pathogenic gene of LOAD, which can participate in the occurrence and development of AD by affecting the transport and metabolism of intracellular β-amyloid precursor protein (APP). The expression of SORL1 is significantly downregulated in patients with LOAD.ResultsIn the SORL1 knockout (SORL1 KO) mouse model constructed by CRISPR/cas9, we found that the expression of Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) in the brain of SORL1 KO mice was significantly down-regulated and Amyloid β-protein (Aβ) deposition was found in the brain ofSORL1 KO mice. Through the SORL1 knockdown N2a cell model constructed by shRNA, we also found that when the SORL1 expression was knocked down, the BDNF expression was also downregulated and the cell viability decreased. The results of immunohistochemistry and in vitro cell model experiments suggest that the downregulation of BDNF caused by SORL1 knockdown may be mainly achieved by affecting the expression and distribution of N-Methyl-D-aspartate (NMDAR).ConclusionsSORL1 knockout changes the expression and distribution of NMDAR in cells, downregulates the expression of BDNF, and thus affects the learning and memory of mice.

scholarly journals Knowledge, Attitude and Perception of Female Hypertensive Patients Towards Stroke

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (Number 2) ◽  
pp. 29-33
Author(s):  
S N Ahmad ◽  
Md. F Alam ◽  
A H M Kamal ◽  
S K Saha ◽  
F Rabin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Warning Signs ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Common Chronic Disease ◽  
Disease States ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Brain

Hypertension is a very common chronic disease world wide, and stroke is one of it's complications if not treated properly. In Bangladesh, women have traditionally tended to overlook their own disease states when a male member of the family is already afflicted. The cross sectional observational study was carried out to explore the knowledge, attitude and perception hypertensive females have towards stroke between July 2012 and December 2012 at HFRCMCH. Admitted and outdoor female hypertensive patients were randomly selected; with their consent they were asked to respond to a prestructured questionnaire. We found that 52% of our cohort identified the brain as being the organ involved in stroke; however 35% still believed it to be a disease of the heart. Around 80% of the patients did understand the complications and impact stroke would have on their daily lives; however, there were some conceptual misunderstandings with regards to the risk factors and warning signs. Hypertensive women need to have a clearer concept regarding their own disease, understand the warning signs and the risk factor of stroke and in turn create a greater awareness of the link between hypertension and stroke.

Predicting offense recidivism in Schizophrenia patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S589-S590
Author(s):  
B. Oueslati ◽  
M. Ali ◽  
R. Ridha
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Urban Poor ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Recidivism Rates ◽  
Conventional Antipsychotics ◽  
The Family ◽  
Violent Recidivism ◽  
Recidivism Prevention ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
The Government

IntroductionSchizophrenia increases the risk of offending. Recidivism rates are significant.AimIdentifying general and violent recidivism risk factors in schizophrenia patients.MethodsWe conducted a case control study. All included patients were admitted, at least once, to the forensic psychiatry department in Razi Hospital between January 1st, 1985 and December 31st, 2014 after a decision of irresponsibility by reason of insanity. All those who reoffended during this period were considered as cases. A draw was performed to create the control group. Both groups were matched according to their first offences’ types as well as to their ages. A multivariate analysis was performed.ResultsWe included 25 cases and 38 controls. Eight recidivism risk factors were identified. Living in urban poor neighbourhoods (P = 0.039; OR = 1.23), having been unemployed (P = 0.047; OR = 1.22) and not having lived with the family (P = 0.039; OR = 1.36) after discharge were considered as risk factors. The same applied to alcohol (P = 0.032; OR = 1.29) and cannabis use disorders (P = 0.005; OR = 1.34). A hospitalization shorter than 6 months increased the risk by 1.44 (P = 0.039). A combination of conventional antipsychotics (P = 0.003; OR = 1.36) and a poor adherence (P = 0.006; OR = 1.36) were considered as recidivism risk factors too.ConclusionsAll eight recidivism risk factors are dynamic. This makes recidivism prevention conceivable. Measures involving the patient, the health care system, patients’ families, society and the government should be taken.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Evaluation of Risk Factors for Development of Anti-Tubercular Therapy Induced Hepatotoxicity: A Prospective Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 198-204
Author(s):  
Malladi V.S. Subbalaxmi ◽  
Radhika Soanker ◽  
Arivittur V. Lakshmi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Liver Function Tests ◽  
Study Patient ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Function Tests

Background: Incidence of Antitubercular Therapy (ATT)-induced hepatotoxicity is higher in India when compared to Western countries. As the occurrence of ATT-induced hepatotoxicity is unpredictable, serial intensive monitoring of hepatic function is now being recommended by the American Thoracic Society in individuals at high risk. This study was done to evaluate the risk factors for the development of ATT induced hepatotoxicity in India. Methodology: In this prospective, observational study, patient characteristics of microbiologically/ radiologically/ histopathologically confirmed tuberculosis were prospectively compiled. Serial liver function tests were done once a month in all patients. Patients who developed ATT-induced hepatotoxicity were considered as the study group and those who did not develop the event as a control group. The primary outcome measure was to estimate the hazard ratios associated with risk factors for the development of ATT induced hepatotoxicity. Cox Regression Analysis was done using SPSS 20. Results: : A total of 200 patients were enrolled in the study, of them, 14% developed ATT-induced hepatotoxicity and 86% did not develop the event. The baseline liver function tests in the study group and control group were within normal limits. Female gender, alcoholism, HIV co-infection and age >35 yrs were identified to have a higher risk for development of ATT-induced hepatotoxicity, while cases with pulmonary tuberculosis were found to be at lower risk of developing event. Conclusion: Intensive liver function monitoring needs to be done in patients with these risk factors, female gender, alcoholism, HIV co-infection, extra-pulmonary tuberculosis and age >35 yrs.

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