scholarly journals Infrastructure zones of economic development of the Far Eastern federal district of Russia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
А.В. Мошков
Keyword(s):  
Federal District ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Economic Problem ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Autonomous Region ◽  
Magadan Region ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Far Eastern

Наиболее важной социально-экономической проблемой, стоящей перед регионами Российской Федерации, является низкий уровень развития производственной и социальной инфраструктуры. Слабое развитие инфраструктуры в Дальневосточном федеральном округе в значительной степени ограничивает возможности эффективного использования богатейшего природно-ресурсного потенциала территории и акватории региона. Наличие же развитой инфраструктуры в регионах предоставляет возможности обеспечения необходимого уровня услуг производственным и конечным потребителям, таким образом, во многом определяя пространственное развитие существующих и перспективных видов экономической деятельности. Под влиянием совокупности экономико-географических факторов на территории Дальневосточного федерального округа сложились два типа социально-экономических (инфраструктурных) зон. Во-первых, широтные зоны: 1) северная – в составе Республики Саха (Якутия), Чукотского автономного округа, Магаданской области, Камчатского края; 2) южная – Приморского и Хабаровского краев, Амурской, Сахалинской областей и Еврейской автономной области; 3) юго-западная – Республики Бурятия и Забайкальского края. Во-вторых, меридиональные: 1) прибрежная (Тихоокеанская) в составе Чукотского автономного округа, Магаданской области, Камчатского, Приморского и Хабаровского краев, Сахалинской области; 2) континентальная – Республики Саха (Якутия), Амурской области и Еврейской автономной области, Республики Бурятия и Забайкальского края. Все зоны отличаются по уровню развития инфраструктурных видов экономической деятельности. При этом наиболее высокий уровень развития инфраструктуры отмечается у субъектов южной широтной и прибрежной меридиональной инфраструктурных зон Дальневосточного федерального округа. Внутри инфраструктурных зон выделяются субъекты округа, которые заметно различаются по обеспеченности услугами производственной и социальной инфраструктуры. Повышение качества и уровня жизни населения возможно, в первую очередь, за счет экономического роста в регионах на основе рационального использования имеющихся в регионах благоприятных факторов, в том числе создания развитой инфраструктурной базы для развития всех видов деятельности. The most important socio-economic problem facing the regions of the Russian Federation is the low level of development of industrial and social infrastructure. To a large extent, poor infrastructure development in the far Eastern Federal district limits the ability to effectively use the rich natural resource potential of the region’s territory and water area. The spatial development of existing and prospective economic activities is also largely determined by the availability of infrastructure facilities in the regions and their ability to provide the necessary level of services to production and end users. Under the influence of a combination of economic and geographical factors, two types of socio-economic (infrastructure) zones have developed on the territory of the far Eastern Federal district. First, the latitudinal zone 1) Northern part of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), Chukotka Autonomous district, Magadan region, Kamchatka region; 2) southern Primorsky, Khabarovsk, Amur, Sakhalin regions and Jewish Autonomous region; 3) southwest – the Republic of Buryatia and Zabaykalsky Krai. Secondly, meridional: 1) coastal (Pacific) – as part of the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Magadan region, Kamchatka, Primorsky and Khabarovsk territories, Sakhalin region; 2) continental – the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), the Amur region and the Jewish Autonomous region, the Republic of Buryatia and the TRANS-Baikal territory. All zones differ in the level of development of infrastructure types of economic activity. At the same time, the highest level of infrastructure development is observed in the subjects of the southern latitudinal and coastal meridional infrastructure zones of the far Eastern Federal district. Within the infrastructure zones, the subjects of the district are distinguished, which differ markedly in the provision of industrial and social infrastructure services. Improving the quality and standard of living of the population is possible primarily due to economic growth in the regions, on the basis of rational use of favorable factors available in the regions, including the creation of a developed infrastructure base for the development of all types of activities.

scholarly journals EPIDEMIOLOGIC SITUATION FOR TUBERCULOSIS IN THE FAR EASTERN FEDERAL DISTRICT AND THE REPUBLIC OF SAKHA (YAKUTIA)

2016 ◽  
pp. 28-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. D. Savilov ◽  
V. A. Astafiev ◽  
M. K. Vinokurova ◽  
O. B. Ogarkov ◽  
S. N. Zhdanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Federal District ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Beijing Genotype ◽  
Arctic Zone ◽  
The North ◽  
Magadan Region ◽  
Complex Evaluation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Far Eastern

Aim. Complex evaluation of epidemiologic situation for tuberculosis on the territory of the Far Eastern Federal District (FEFD) and the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). Materials and methods. Data (morbidity, prevalence, mortality, genotypes of Mycobacterium tuberculosis), characterizing, epidemiologic situation for tuberculosis from 2002 - 2014 were used. Results. The highest parameters of tuberculosis morbidity from all the regions of Russian Federation were registered in FEFD, and from all the territories of the region the highest levels were registered in Primorsky Region and Jewish Autonomous Region (166.3±6.2 %ooo and 166.1±4,8 °/oooo, respectively), and lowest - in Magadan Region and Yakutia (76.0±2.1 °/oooo and 78.6±1,9 70000, respectively). In the regions, located in the arctic zone of the Republic of Yakutia, epidemiologic situation is characterized as non-welfare. Moreover, the highest parameters of moibidity for tuberculosis were registered among low-number peoples of the north. Conclusion. Integral evaluation of the main epidemiologic parameters allows to conduct a more in-depth comparative evaluation of the epidemiologic situation. Taking into account such an approach, in the FEFD the most non-welfare situation was established to be registered in Primorsky Region, and in Yakutia the most welfare occurs. Monitoring of the circulation of genotypes of Mycobacterium tuberculosis allows to assume a possibility of displacement of genotype S by more aggressive (transmissive) subtypes of Beijing genotype.

scholarly journals Descriptive epidemiological study of glaucoma in the Far Eastern Federal District covering the years 2012 to 2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
L. P. Dogadova ◽  
E. V. Girenok ◽  
E. V. Markelova ◽  
V.  Y. Melnikov
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Epidemiological Study ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Magadan Region ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Far Eastern

PURPOSE. To conduct a descriptive epidemiological study of glaucoma in the Far Eastern Federal District covering the years 2012 to 2019.METHODS. The study uses data of the Federal Research Institute for Health Organization and Informatics (FRIHOI) covering the 2012–2019 time period, as well as data from the register of the Unified Interdepartmental Information and Statistical System (UIISS) and the Federal State Statistics Service (FSSS). Statistical data processing was carried out using Microsoft Excel 2019. Diagrams and a cartogram were built to visualize the obtained data. The reliability of the trend line was determined by the value of approximation. A trend is a tendency of changes in the studied time series. In this work, we used a linear approximation — a straight line that best describes the time course of incidence and prevalence. The significance of linear regression was checked using the F-test to determine the quality of the regression model. The coefficient of determination was also used to indicate the dependence of the variability of prevalence on time. A linear regression model was used to predict the prevalence of glaucoma in the Russian Federation and the Far Eastern Federal District; 91% of the total variability of prevalence in the Russian Federation is explained by a change in the time parameter, while 86% in the Far Eastern Federal District indicates a high accuracy of the selection of trend equations.RESULTS. According to the study, in the 2012–2019 years there was a significant increase in the incidence of glaucoma in the Primorsky Krai (PK) amounting to 8%. Over the observed period, a significant increase in the prevalence of glaucoma is noted in the Republic of Buryatia (6.9%), and in the Magadan Region (5%). At the same time, the highest incidence and prevalence of glaucoma was noted in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) — 105.4 cases and 1551.6 cases per 100 000 population. The expected prevalence of glaucoma in the Russian Federation (RF) in 2020 is 895–999.7 per 100 000 population, in 2021 — 908–1020.2; in the Far Eastern Federal District (FEFD) in 2020 — 783.7–961.3 per 100 000 population, in 2021 — 799.5–989.8. The largest proportion of glaucoma was found among the population of the Magadan Region (16%) and Yakutia (13.8%), the smallest in the Amur Region (5%) and the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug (5.7%).CONCLUSION. The dynamics of glaucoma incidence in the Far Eastern Federal District is uneven, which corresponds to the epidemiological situation in the Russian Federation as a whole. But the prevalence and proportion of glaucoma in the structure of diseases of the eye and adnexa in the FEFD are characterized by negative dynamics in comparison with country-wide. At the same time, even within the regions of the FEFD, the incidence and prevalence of glaucoma is mosaic, which predisposes to studying the influence of factors on glaucoma incidence.

scholarly journals SOCIAL WELLBEING OF THE POPULATION OF NORTHERN MONOTOWNS (THE CASE OF THE NERYUNGRI URBAN AGGLOMERATION)

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
Т. Ермолаев ◽  
T. Yermolayev
Keyword(s):  
Local Population ◽  
Investment Project ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Social Wellbeing ◽  
The Social ◽  
Technological Base ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Far Eastern

<p>The problem of monotown restructuring is today extremely acute for Russia in the social, economic and political terms. The core of the problem lies in the obsolete technological base, underdevelopment of small and medium business, poor quality of life, weak mobility of human capital and lack of innovations. Most mono-settlements in Yakutia (15) are located in the Far Eastern Federal District. On January 1, 2016, there lived 152,507 people, or 16% of the whole population of the republic. Development of civilization frontier requires mastering the best practices of innovative infrastructure development infrastructure and its total modernization. Any attractive investment project should take into account the potential socio-cultural risks and be attractive for the local population. Therefore, the problem of monotowns, especially in the Russian context, is the main problem of the implementation of a coherent social policy, systematically deployed at corporate and regional levels. A research on the social wellbeing of the population in the conditions of transformation of the Northern mono-settlements will make it possible to improve relations between the local authorities and the population, creating the preconditions for a constructive public dialogue and consolidation of the society. This experience will give a specific technology and identify possible potentials for the formation of new generation cities.</p>

Some reflections on social structure: Theoretical and practical aspects

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 1063-1078
Author(s):  
T.N. Skorobogatova ◽  
I.Yu. Marakhovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Service Industry ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
The Social ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Internal And External Factors ◽  
The Impact

Subject. This article discusses the role of social infrastructure in the national economy and analyzes the relationship between the notions of Infrastructure, Service Industry and Non-Productive Sphere. Objectives. The article aims to outline a methodology for development of the social infrastructure of Russia's regions. Methods. For the study, we used the methods of statistical and comparative analyses. The Republic of Crimea and Rostov Oblast's social infrastructure development was considered as a case study. Results. The article finds that the level of social infrastructure is determined by a number of internal and external factors. By analyzing and assessing such factors, it is possible to develop promising areas for the social sphere advancement. Conclusions. Assessment and analysis of internal factors largely determined by the region's characteristics, as well as a comprehensive consideration of the impact of external factors will help ensure the competitiveness of the region's economy.

scholarly journals Diagnostics of Inequality in the Social Sphere of the Far Eastern Regions of the Russian Federation

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-67
Author(s):  
Lyudmila Kovalchuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Development ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
Interregional Interaction ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Far Eastern ◽  
Negative Phenomena

The expansion of the borders of the Far Eastern Federal District due to the inclusion of the Trans-Baikal Territory and the Republic of Buryatia in its composition actualizes the problem of inequality of regions (primarily in the social sphere), which in the new boundaries of the macroregion has significantly increased and has acquired a «supernormal» character. It has been established that the lag of the «new» Far Eastern subjects in the level of social development is accompanied by an increase in negative phenomena in the social sphere. The necessity of implementing a set of measures to form a «corridor of opportunities» that regions can use, including within the framework of interregional interaction within the Far Eastern Federal District, has been substantiated

scholarly journals Первый клинический случай трансплантации сердца в Дальневосточном федеральном округе

2020 ◽  
pp. 95-99
Keyword(s):  
Heart Transplantation ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Extreme Climate ◽  
First Case ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Far Eastern

The first case of heart transplantation in the Far Eastern Federal District is described in the article. Transplantation of heart was performed in Republican hospital No. 1 – the National center of medicine (Yakutsk) on July 06, 2018. In our opinion, transplantation of heart is necessary and feasible in such regions as, the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), which has difficult and extreme climate and geography, remote settlements with population less than 1 million people.

scholarly journals Domestic market of Arctic Uluses of Sakha (Yakutia) in the Far Eastern Federal District macro area

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (01) ◽  
pp. 186-192
Author(s):  
Yang Lifen ◽  
Yuriy Yu. Fedorov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Far East ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Market Potential ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Government Body ◽  
Far Eastern

This study reviews and compares the market potential of two macro-areas in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) in the AZRF (Arctic zone of the Russian Federation) and the FEFD (Far Eastern Federal District. Moreover, this work shows that a significant part of supply and demand in municipalities' domestic markets is concentrated in the FEFD. Until recently, the AZRF and the FEFD were not considered by the State as a single government body. Transferred powers to the Ministry of the Russian Federation for the development of the Far East and the Arctic has allowed the territory of the Arctic uluses of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) to be included in the social and economic development of the FEFD.

scholarly journals Territories of Advanced Development as a link in the development of the territorial socio-economic systems

2020 ◽  
pp. 14-24
Author(s):  
П.Я. Бакланов
Keyword(s):  
Far East ◽  
Federal District ◽  
General Description ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Investment Projects ◽  
The Far East ◽  
The Government ◽  
Far Eastern ◽  
Advanced Development

В 2014 г. в Правительстве РФ был разработан новый инструмент развития Дальнего Востока – создание территорий опережающего развития (ТОР). Был принят специальный федеральный закон (ФЗ). К настоящему времени в Дальневосточном федеральном округе во всех субъектах, кроме Магаданской области, определены 20 ТОР, под которые выделяется компактная территория с наличием благоприятных условий социально-экономического развития и ряда крупных инвестиционных проектов, благодаря чему эта территория может стать точкой роста и способствовать развитию района в целом. В статье приводится общая характеристика ТОР Дальнего Востока, обобщены проблемы, проявляющиеся на стадии их создания. Дается детальная характеристика одной из первых ТОР – Надеждинской, формирующейся вблизи Владивостока. Для этой ТОР был разработан План перспективного развития, включающий оценку основных предпосылок и конкурентных преимуществ ее формирования, обоснование приоритетных видов деятельности, обобщенную оценку экономической эффективности и перспектив пространственного развития. В будущем на Дальнем Востоке возможно образование новых ТОР по глубокой переработке природных ресурсов суши и моря на основе новейших инновационных технологий. В ряде случаев целесообразно создание ТОР регионального значения с введением местных преференций, что будет стимулировать местные инициативы. При этом будут использованы имеющиеся благоприятные условия комплексного пространственного развития. In 2014, the Government of the Russian Federation has established a new tool for the development of the Far East by forming a territory of advanced development (TAD). A specific Federal Law (FL) has been passed. Today, 20 TADs have been determined in all federal units of the Far Eastern Federal District, except for Magadan Oblast. TAD is allocated on a compact area with favorable conditions for socio-economic development and a number of large investment projects, stipulating its conversion into a growth point and input to the development of the region as a whole. The article provides a general description of the TADs in the Far East with their schematic maps, generalizes the problems that appear at the stage of their creation. A detailed description of one of the first TAD, Nadezhdinskaya TAD, near Vladivostok is given. A long-term development plan, highlighting and justifying the priority economic activities and resident companies was developed for this TAD under the supervision of the author.

scholarly journals ADVANCED DEVELOPMENT ZONES IN SINGLE-INDUSTRY URBAN SETTLEMENTS: PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS (THE CASE OF THE REPUBLIC OF KARELIA)

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
О. Ларченко ◽  
O. Larchenko
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Social And Economic Development ◽  
Single Industry ◽  
Urban Settlements ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Far Eastern ◽  
Advanced Development

<p>The Russian Federation is currently moving to a new model of spatial development of its economy, also by creating areas of advanced social and economic development. The Far Eastern Federal District was the first in establishing of such special regime territories. In 2014, the process spread to single-industry urban settlements. In this case, the main purpose is to develop business enterprises not connected with the townforming enterprise. For the Republic of Karelia, issues related to monotowns cities are relevant. On the territory of the republic there are eleven mononowns, and two of them contain territories of advanced development, i.e. «Nadvoitsy» and «Kondopoga». The purpose of this article is to assess the functioning of the zones of advanced development and their impact on the development of the region, as well as to identify problems<br />and develop proposals for their elimination. The research employed such general scientific methods and techniques as induction and deduction, synthesis, comparative and comparable analysis. The article reveals the features and the role of the territories of advanced social and economic development in the economic development of the country and the region in particular, as exemplified by the Republic of Karelia. The study has identified the problems of the zones and their development. The author proposes a number of specific measures to improve the efficiency of advanced development zones</p>

Implementation of the state policy in the Far East

2020 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 24-36
Author(s):  
S. N. Naiden ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Far East ◽  
Federal District ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
The Far East ◽  
Migration Dynamics ◽  
Far Eastern

The article examines the measures and results of the implementation of government strategies, programs, concepts adopted in the period 2009-2019. and aimed at the development of the subjects of the Far-Eastern federal district for the period up to 2025. Monitoring of indicators of demography of the population, living standards and development of social infrastructure was carried out. A comparative analysis of the actual and program indicators of development, as well as the responses of the socio-demographic system of the region to institutional innovations in the period 2009-2019 has been carried out. It has been established that, despite the abundance of adopted documents and a significant number of developed and applied measures, the achievement of the set goals, in any case, to maximize the population, has not been achieved. It is shown that the intensity of reproduction of social infrastructure facilities remains low, which weakly contributes to overcoming negative migration dynamics. The necessity of adjusting measures of state regulation in the field of social development and creating a comfortable living environment has been substantiated

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document