Peningkatan Kadar Interleukin 10 Setelah Cedera Otak Berat akibat Trauma Berhubungan dengan Skor FOUR Rendah

Abstract: Serum level of interleukin 10 (IL-10) and the FOUR score have both been suggested as predictors for the outcomes after severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). Studies are limited, however, on how they are related to each other. This study was aimed to assess the relationship between serum level of IL-10 and the FOUR score in patients with severe TBI. This was an observational study with a cross sectional design. The study was conducted on 25 severe TBI patients with FOUR score of 0-14 consecutively admitted at the the Emergency Surgery Installation of Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital. Classification of the hemorrhage location (extra-axial, intra-axial, both), hemisphere (midline/diffuse, dextral, sinistral), and area (frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital, multiple) was established by using CT scans. Venous blood sample for IL 10 was performed less than 24 hours after trauma. Binary logistic regression was used to model the relationship of interest, with covariates selected through stepwise forward selection. The results obtained 25 patients dominated by males (84%), with median age 31. Mean IL-10 was 107.3 pg/ml (SD 16.2 pg/ml). Median FOUR score was 10, with fairly equal proportion in the category of high (FOUR score 0-7; 48%) and moderate (FOUR score 8-14; 52%) mortality risks. Final regression model included age and injury on temporal area (yes, no) as covariates for IL-10. Adjusting for these variables, the average patients had about 1.12 (95% CI 1.01, 1.25) times higher odds for worse FOUR scores (0-7, high mortality risk) in each pg/ml addition of serum IL-10. Conclusion: The finding indicates that increased IL-10 level is a potential alternative to the lower FOUR score for predicting worse outcome in patients with severe TBI.Keywords: IL-10; FOUR score; TBIAbstrak: Interleukin 10 (IL-10) serum dan skor FOUR disarankan sebagai prediktor luaran setelah cedera otak akibat trauma (COT) berat namun penelitian mengenai hubungan keduanya masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai hubungan antara kadar IL-10 serum dan skor FOUR pada pasien dengan COT berat. Jenis penelitian ialah observasional dengan desain potong lintang. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada 25 pasien dengan COT berat dan skor FOUR 0-14 secara berurut masuk ke UGD Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou. Klasifikasi lokasi perdarahan (ekstra-aksial, intra-aksial, keduanya), hemisfer (garis tengah/difus, dekstra, sinistra), dan area (frontal, parietal, temporal, oksipital, multipel) ditetapkan dengan CT scan. Sampel darah vena untuk pemeriksaan IL-10 diambil kurang dari 24 jam setelah trauma. Regresi logistik biner digunakan pada model untuk hubungan ketertarikan dan kovariat stepwise forward. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 25 pasien didominasi oleh laki-laki (84%), median usia 31 tahun. Rerata IL-10 107,3 pg/ml (SD 16,2 pg/ml). Median skor FOUR 10 dengan proporsi berimbang pada kategori tinggi (skor FOUR 0-7; 48%) dan sedang (skor FOUR 8-14; 52%) risiko mortalitas. Model regresi akhir termasuk usia dan cedera area temporal (ya, tidak) sebagai kovariat untuk IL-10. Rata-rata pasien memiliki sekitar 1,12 (95% CI 1,01-1,25) kali peluang lebih tinggi untuk skor FOUR yang lebih buruk (0-7, risiko kematian tinggi) pada setiap peningkatan 1 pg/ml kadar IL-10 serum. Simpulan: Temuan ini menunjukkan peningkatan IL-10 sebagai alternatif potensial terhadap skor FOUR yang lebih rendah untuk memrediksi hasil yang lebih buruk pada pasien dengan COT berat.Kata kunci: IL-10, skor FOUR, COT

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Hubungan Kadar Interleukin 10 Serum dan Klasifikasi CT Marshall pada Pasien Cedera Otak Berat akibat Trauma

JURNAL BIOMEDIK (JBM) ◽

10.35790/jbm.11.2.2019.23321 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 97

Author(s):

Melina O. Kurniawan ◽

Eko Prasetyo ◽

Maximillian Ch. Oley

Keyword(s):

Venous Blood ◽

Interleukin 10 ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Temporal Area ◽

Single Center Study ◽

Proportional Odds Models ◽

Severe Tbi ◽

Cross Sectional Design ◽

And Gender ◽

Ct Classification

Abstract: Increased level of interleukin 10 (IL 10) in patients with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) has been documented, yet studies of its ability to predict the outcome based on the Marshall CT classification are still limited and lacks of clarity. This study was aimed to evaluate the relationship between serum level of IL 10 and the Marshall CT classification among patients with severe TBI. This was an analytical observational single-center study with a cross-sectional design. Immediate CT scans were used to determine the Marshall CT classification and to categorize the location (extra-axial, intra-axial, both), hemisphere (midline/diffuse, dextral, sinistral), and area (frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital, multiple) of the injury. Venous blood sample for IL 10 was taken less than 24 hours of trauma in the Intensive Care Unit. Age and gender were also recorded. Variable selection was run in stepwise forward fashion. Proportional odds models were conducted to assess the changes in the Marshall CT classification related to levels of IL 10. There were 25 patients admitted consecutively to the emergency room (ER) with severe TBI included in this study. The results showed that the mean IL 10 was 107.3 pg/ml (SD 16.2 pg/ml). Patients were distributed almost uniformly within four detected categories (diffuse injury II, III, V, and VI) of the CT Marshall classification. Final regression model consisted of IL 10, age, and injury on temporal area as predictors. Controlling for the others, every 10 pg/ml additional of IL 10 increased the odds to higher (worse) categories in the CT Marshall classification by about 1.95 (95% CI 1.16 – 3.30) times. Conclusion: Interleukin 10 is a potential predictor for the CT Marshall classification in patients with severe TBI.Keywords: IL 10, Marshall CT classification, TBIAbstrak: Peningkatan kadar serum interleukin 10 (IL 10) pada pasien dengan cedera otak traumatik (COT) berat telah didokumentasikan, namun studi tentang kemampuannya untuk memrediksi hasil berdasarkan klasifikasi CT Marshall masih terbatas dan belum jelas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi hubungan antara kadar serum IL 10 dan klasifikasi CT Marshall pada pasien COT berat. Jenis penelitian ialah observasional analitik dengan desain potong lintang. CT scan digunakan untuk menentukan klasifikasi CT Marshall dan untuk mengategorikan lokasi (ekstra-aksial, intra-aksial, keduanya), hemisfer (garis tengah/ difus, dekstra, sinistra), dan area (frontal, parietal, temporal, oksipital, multipel) otak yang terkena cedera. Sampel darah vena untuk IL 10 diambil kurang dari 24 jam pasca trauma. Usia dan jenis kelamin juga dicatat. Seleksi variabel dilakukan secara bertahap. Digunakan model regresi proporsional odds untuk menilai perubahan klasifikasi CT Marshall terkait dengan kadar IL 10. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 25 pasien dengan COT berat yang masuk ke Instalasi Rawat Darurat Bedah (IRDB). Rerata IL 10 ialah 107,3 pg/ml (SD 16,2 pg/ml). Pasien didistribusikan hampir seragam dalam empat kategori (cedera difus II, III, V, dan VI) dari klasifikasi CT Marshall. Model regresi akhir terdiri dari IL 10, usia, dan cedera pada area temporal sebagai prediktor. Sebagai kontrol, setiap peningkatan IL 10 sebanyak 10 pg/ml meningkatkan kemungkinan klasifikasi CT Marshall yang lebih tinggi (lebih buruk) sekitar 1,95 (95% CI 1,16-3,30) kali lebih tinggi. Simpulan: IL10 merupakan prediktor potensial untuk klasifikasi CT Marshall pada pasien dengan COT berat. Kata kunci: IL 10, klasifikasi CT Marshall, COT

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Hubungan Kadar Interleukin 6 Serum dan Klasifikasi CT Marshal pada Penderita Cedera Otak Berat Akibat Trauma

JURNAL BIOMEDIK (JBM) ◽

10.35790/jbm.11.1.2019.23210 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 41

Author(s):

Mervin Manginte ◽

Eko Prasetyo ◽

Maximillian Ch. Oley

Keyword(s):

Ct Scan ◽

Interleukin 6 ◽

Venous Blood ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Coefficient Corrélation ◽

Severe Tbi ◽

Diffuse Injury ◽

Cross Sectional Design ◽

The Relationship ◽

The Brain

Abstract: Increase of interleukin 6 (IL-6) level occurs in the brain after traumatic brain injury (TBI), however, studies about IL-6 as a prodictor based on CT-scan is still limited. This study was aimed to evaluate the relationship between serum IL-6 level and CT Marshall classification in patients with severe TBI. This was an observational study with a cross sectional design. There were 20 patients with severe TBI admitted at the Emergency Surgery Installation of Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado in this study. CT-scan was performed on them to determine the CT Marshall classification and to categorize the hemorrhage location (extra-axial, intra-axial, both), hemisphere (midline/diffuse, dextral, sinistral), and area (frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital, multiple). Venous blood sample used for IL-6 examination was drawn less than 24 hours after trauma. The results showed that mean IL-6 level was 22.0060 pg/mL (SD 4.64494 pg/mL). Patients were distributed relatively uniform in 4 detected categories (diffuse injury II, III, V, and VI) of CT Marshall classification. Final regression model consisted of IL-6, age, and temporal injury as predictors. The Spearman coefficient correlation showed rs = -0.005 (P=0.491). Conclusion: There was no significant relationship between serum Il-6 level and CT Marshall classification, albeit, both of them increased consistantly following the severity of TBI and could be potential predictors to determine the prognosis of severe TBI patients.Keywords: IL-6, CT Marshall, severe TBIAbstrak: Pada cedera otak berat akibat trauma (COBT) terjadi peningkatan ekspresi IL-6 di otak namun penelitian mengenai kemampuannya untuk memrediksi hasil berdasarkan klasifikasi CT scan masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi hubungan antara kadar IL-6 serum dan klasifikasi CT Marshall pada pasien dengan COBT. Jenis penelitian ialah observasional dengan desain potong lintang. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 20 pasien yang dirawat dengan COBT di IRDB RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado. CT-scan segera digunakan untuk menentukan klasifikasi CT Marshall dan untuk mengategorikan lokasi (ekstra-aksial, intra-aksial, keduanya), belahan (garis tengah/difus, dekstra, sisnitra), dan area otak yang terlibat dalam cedera. Sampel darah vena untuk IL-6 diambil kurang dari 24 jam setelah trauma. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan rerata kadar IL-6 22,0060 pg/mL (SD 4,64494 pg/mL). Pasien didistribusikan relatif seragam dalam empat kategori yang terdeteksi (difus cedera II, III, V, dan VI) dari klasifikasi CT Marshall. Model regresi akhir terdiri dari IL-6, usia, dan cedera pada area temporal sebagai prediktor. Korelasi antara kadar IL-6 serum dan klasifikasi CT Marshall dianalisis dengan koefisien korelasi Spearman dan mendapatkan rs = -0,005 (P=0,491). Simpulan: Walaupun secara statistik tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna antara kadar Il-6 serum dan CT Marshall namun keduanya secara konsisten meningkat mengikuti COBT dan dapat menjadi prediktor potensial untuk menentukan prognosis pada pasien dengan COBT.Kata kunci: IL-6, CT Marshall, COBT

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Hubungan Kadar Laminin Serum dengan Tingkat Kesadaran Menurut Skor FOUR pada Pasien Cedera Otak Akibat Trauma

e-CliniC ◽

10.35790/ecl.v9i2.35901 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 504

Author(s):

Akbar S. Putera ◽

Eko Prasetyo ◽

Maximillian Ch. Oley ◽

Fima L. F. G. Langi

Keyword(s):

Traumatic Brain Injury ◽

Brain Injury ◽

Regression Model ◽

Emergency Surgery ◽

Venous Blood ◽

High Serum ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Four Score ◽

Cross Sectional Design ◽

The Relationship

Abstract: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) could result in disorders of central nervous system (CNS). Serum laminin level and the FOUR score have both been suggested as predictors for the outcomes after TBI. This study was aimed to evaluate the relationship between serum laminin level and the FOUR score in TBI patients. This was an observational and analytical study with a cross-sectional design. Subjects were 32 patients with TBI and FOUR scores of 0-16 admitted at the Emergency Surgery Installation of Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital. Venous blood sample for laminin was taken less than 24 hours after trauma. Assessment of the level of consciousness was determined by using the FOUR score at Emergency Surgery Installation admission <24 hours and observation after >24 hours. Proportional regression model was used to assess changes in FOUR score associated with laminin level. The results obtained 32 patients with TBI, mean laminin level was 818.4 pg/mL with range IQR 597.4-1235.4 pg/mL. In final regression model, each increase of one unit of pre-24 hours FOUR score decreased serum laminin level by 54.4 pg/mL (95% CI -76.3; 32.1 pg/mL, p<0.001). Same as the relationship occurred for the FOUR score after 24 hours, but the decrease was slightly smaller, at 37.2 pg/mL (95% CI -50.2; -24.3 pg/mL, p<0.001). FOUR scores with a high risk of mortality were more likely to be found in relatively high serum laminin levels. In conclusion, there is a relationship between serum laminin level and the FOUR score. Increase in serum laminin level is a potential alternative to lower FOUR score and to predictof poorer outcome in patient with TBI.Keywords: laminin; FOUR score; traumatic brain injury (TBI) Abstrak: Pada cedera otak akibat trauma (COT) sering terjadi gangguan saraf pusat. Laminin serum dan skor FOUR disarankan sebagai prediktor luaran setelah COT. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi hubungan antara kadar laminin serum dan skor FOUR pada pasien COT. Jenis penelitian ialah analitik observasional dengan desain potong lintang. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada 32 pasien dengan COT dan skor FOUR 0-16 yang masuk ke Instalasi Rawat Darurat Bedah (IRDB) RSUP Prof. Dr.R. D. Kandou, Manado. Sampel darah vena untuk pemeriksaan serum laminin diambil kurang dari 24 jam setelah trauma. Penilaian tingkat kesadaran ditetapkan dengan skor FOUR saat masuk IRDB <24 jam dan observasi setelah >24 jam. Model regresi proporsional digunakan untuk menilai hubungan kadar laminin serum dengan skor FOUR. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 32 pasien dengan COT. Rerata kadar laminin serum 818,4 pg/mL dengan range IQR 597,4-1.235,4 pg/mL. Pada model regresi akhir, setiap peningkatan satu unit skor FOUR pra 24 jam rata-rata menurunkan kadar laminin serum sebesar 54,4 pg/mL (95% CI -76,3; 32,1 pg/mL, p<0,001). Hubungan sejenis terjadi untuk skor FOUR pasca 24 jam, tetapi nilai penurunannya sedikit lebih kecil, yakni 37,2 pg/mL (95% CI -50,2; -24,3 pg/mL, p<0,001). Skor FOUR dengan risiko mortalitas tinggi lebih cenderung ditemukan pada kadar laminin serum relatif tinggi. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah terdapat hubungan antara kadar laminin serum dengan skor FOUR. Peningkatan kadar laminin serum merupakan alternatif potensial skor FOUR yang lebih rendah untuk memrediksi luaran yang lebih buruk pada pasien COT.Kata kunci: laminin; skor FOUR; cedera otak akibat trauma (COT)

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Đánh giá nồng độ lactate và procalcitonin ở bệnh nhân Covid-19

Journal of Clinical Medicine- Hue Central Hospital ◽

10.38103/jcmhch.2022.75.8 ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

Thanh Xuan Nguyen

Keyword(s):

Serum Level ◽

Respiratory Infections ◽

Severe Pneumonia ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Multiple Organ ◽

High Rate ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

Wuhan City ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Relationship

TÓM TẮT Đặt vấn đề: Bệnh COVID-19 đa dạng từ không có triệu chứng đến có các triệu chứng nhẹ cho đến viêm phổi nặng, hội chứng suy hô hấp cấp tiến triển (ARDS), nhiễm khuẩn huyết suy đa tạng và tử vong. Người cao tuổi, người có bệnh mạn tính sẽ có nguy cơ diễn biến nặng nhiều hơn. Nghiên cứu này nhằm xác định nồng độ lactate và PCT ở những bệnh nhân Covid-19 và xét mối liên quan giữa lactate và PCT trên bệnh nhân Covid-19. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang trên 126 bệnh nhân được chẩn đoán nhiễm Sars-Cov-2 bằng xét nghiệm RT PCR. Kết quả: Tuổi trung bình 55,98 ± 17,1 tuổi (4 - 98 tuổi). Bệnh nhân > 60 tuổi chiếm tỉ lệ cao nhất (42,8%). Trung vị PCT: 3,6 (95%CI:3,21 - 3,75) ng/ml; trung vị lactate 1,5 (95%CI:1,21 - 1,91) mmol/L; lactate có tương quan thuận và yếu với procalcitonin với r = 0,241; p < 0,001. Nồng độ procalcitonin > 0,1 ng/ml; lactate > 2 mmol/l ở bệnh nhân Covid-19 chiếm tỷ lệ cao với 89,7% và 39,7%. Kết luận: Chỉ điểm procalcitonin, lactate tăng cao ở bệnh nhân Covid-19. ABSTRACT ASSESSMENT OF SERUM LEVEL OF LACTATE AND PROCALCITONIN IN COVID-19 PATIENTS Background: Sars-CoV-2 has been identified as the cause of acute respiratory infections in Wuhan city, Hubei province, China, and has since spread worldwide. Sars-CoV-2 is capable of aerosol transmission in enclosed, crowded, and poorly ventilated spaces. COVID-19 illness ranges from asymptomatic to mild symptoms to severe pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), sepsis, multiple organ failure, and death. This study aims to determine lactate and PCT levels in Covid-19 patients and examine the relationship between lactate and PCT in Covid-19 patients. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed on 126 patients diagnosed with Sars-Cov-2 infection by RT-PCR. Results: Mean age was 55.98 ± 17.1 years (range: 4-98 years). Patients more than 60 years old were accounted for the highest rate (42.8%). Median PCT: 3.6 (95%CI:3.21 - 3.75) ng/ml; median lactate 1.5 (95%CI:1.21 - 1,91) mmol/L; lactate has a positive and weak correlation with procalcitonin with r = 0.241; p < 0.001. Procalcitonin concentration > 0.1 ng/ml; lactate > 2 mmol/l in patients with Covid-19 accounted for a high rate with 89.7% and 39.7%. Conclusion: Serum level of procalcitonin and lactate raise highly in Covid-19 patients. Keywords: Covid-19, procalcitonin, lactate.

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The Level of 8-OHdG Serum was Higher in Women with Blighted Ovum

Indonesian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.32771/inajog.v2i1.374 ◽

2014 ◽

pp. 18-21

Author(s):

I Made Mahadinata Putra ◽

I Gede P Surya

Keyword(s):

Serum Level ◽

Venous Blood ◽

Normal Pregnancy ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Hospital Data ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Independent Test ◽

The Difference ◽

Blighted Ovum

Objective: To determine the difference of 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanocyne (8-OHdG) serum level in women experiencing blighted ovum and women with normal pregnancy. Method: This was a cross sectional study with 82 samples, divided into two groups. Thirty two cases of blighted ovum and 51 cases of normal pregnancies, with 7-12 weeks gestational age. The examination of 8-OHdG serum level, was performed with the venous blood taken from the cubiti veins, and its 8-OHdG serum quantities were than examined at the Pathology Lab. at Sanglah General Hospital. Data was analyzed with the Shapiro Wilk Test and the t independent test with alpha 0.05. Result: The average 8-OHdG serum level in women with blighted ovum and normal pregnancies were 0.177 (SD 0.06) ng/ml and 0.111 (SD 0.01)ng/ml, and significantly different (p<0.05). The cut off value of 8-OHdG serum level was 0.138 ng/ml with sensitivity of 96.1% and specificity of 80.6%. Conclusion: The level of 8-OHdG serum was higher in women with blighted ovum than in women with normal pregnancies. Keywords: 8-OHdG serum level, blighted ovum, and normal pregnancy.

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Cytokines Level (Il8 and Il17) in Pregnant Women with Toxoplasmosis in Khartoum State

Journal of Parasite Research ◽

10.14302/issn.2690-6759.jpar-19-2971 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 8-12

Author(s):

Wahaj M. M ◽

Satti, A. B ◽

Abdalla H.S ◽

Ahmed S. Kabbashi

Keyword(s):

Toxoplasma Gondii ◽

Serum Level ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Venous Blood ◽

Control Group ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Study Population ◽

Patient’S Information ◽

The Mean ◽

Toxoplasma Gondii Infection

Toxoplasmosis is one of the most important zoonotic diseases worldwide caused by Toxoplasma gondii that leads to abortion or hydrocephalus during pregnancy. It’s a comparative cross-sectional one designed to assess immunoglobulins and cytokines in pregnant women. A total of 300 venous blood samples were collected from each pregnant woman and centrifuged to obtain serum. Patient’s information was recorded in a questionnaire previously designed for the purpose of analysis. In addition, 40 uninfected women were enrolled in the study as control group to assess the level of IL8 and IL17 cytokines. The overall seropositive rate of Toxoplasma gondii infection was 22.6%. Within the positive cases of study population, only 16 and 13 showed positive results of IL8, IL17 respectively. The results showed highly significant increase in the mean serum level of IL8 (210.25pg/ml) and IL17 (203.15 pg/ml) when compared to the control group who showed 68.9 pg/ml and 54.8 pg/ml respectively. The serum level of proinflammatory cytokines investigated in this study seems to be increased in patients with serological evidence of Toxoplasma gondii infection. Our study concludes that IL-17 and IL-8 involved in the induction of inflammation and toxoplasmosis disease.

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Evaluating the Relationship Between Serum Level of Interleukin-6 and Rheumatoid Arthritis Severity and Disease Activity

Current Rheumatology Reviews ◽

10.2174/1573397115666190206144223 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 249-255 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Elham Rajaei ◽

Karim Mowla ◽

Qodratollah Hayati ◽

Ali Ghorbani ◽

Mehrdad Dargahi-Malamir ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽

Serum Level ◽

Interleukin 6 ◽

Significant Relationship ◽

Serum Levels ◽

P Value ◽

Das28 Score ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Das 28 ◽

The Relationship

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between Interleukin-6 (IL-6) serum level and the severity and activity of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 120 RA patients referred to the rheumatology clinic, the patients were diagnosed by rheumatologists according to ACR / EULAR 2010 criteria. Based on DAS28 score the patients were divided into 4 groups: Remission, Mild, Moderate and Severe. Each group contained 30 patients. Serum levels of Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR), C-Reactive Protein (CRP), anti-Cyclic Citrullinated Peptide (anti-CCP) and Rheumatoid Factor (RF) and serum levels of IL-6, were measured. The relationship between these factors was measured and compared to the relationship between IL-6 and these factors, and the activity of the disease was evaluated based on DAS-28. Results: This study showed that the serum level of IL-6 has a significant relationship with RA activity according to DAS-28 (P value <0.001). There is also a significant relationship between the ESR level, the number of painful joints, and the number of swollen joints, and the severity of the disease based on VAS. Conclusion: Generally the findings of this study indicate that serum level of IL-6 plays an important role in the severity and activity of RA disease and can be considered as a determining factor in evaluating the severity of RA in RA patients and it is a good guide for a step up or down of treatment.

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The correlation between serum level of brain natriuretic peptide and amount of left to right shunt

Journal of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Research ◽

10.15171/jcvtr.2019.11 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 68-71

Author(s):

Ahmad Jamei Khosroshahi ◽

Akbar Molaei ◽

Mahmoud Samadi ◽

Elnaz Eskandartash

Keyword(s):

Serum Level ◽

Brain Natriuretic Peptide ◽

Natriuretic Peptide ◽

Significant Relationship ◽

Septal Defect ◽

Ductus Arteriosus ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Physical Examinations ◽

The Relationship

Introduction: Natriuretic peptides such as brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and pro-BNP are secreted in response to atrial and/or ventricular stretch. Left to right shunts such as ventricular septal defect (VSD), atrial septal defect (ASD), and patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), are treated medically or surgically. We aimed to evaluate whether the serum level of pro-BNP would be useful to measure the amount of the shunt. Methods: In this cross sectional study, 60 infants and children, in whom physical examinations approved heart murmur, and had undergone echocardiography by which VSD, ASD, or PDA had been proven, were included in the study. The relationship between serum BNP levels and severity of shunt (Qp/Qs) based on echocardiographic and hemodynamic evaluations, was studied. Results: There was a significant relationship between serum level of pro-BNP and the amount of the shunt in the patients with VSD, ASD, and PDA (P=0.01). A positive correlation was seen between pro-BNP serum level and Qp/Qs ratio. The mean ± SE serum level of pro-BNP in patients with Qp/Qs ratio of less than 1.5, equal to 1.5-2, and more than 2 was 30.83±2.4, 217.88±44.6, and 217.13±51.8, respectively showing a significant relationship (P=0.0001). The cut-off point of pro-BNP demonstrating a Qp/Qs ratio more than 1.5 was measured at the level of 40.36 pg/mL, with a sensitivity and specificity of 92% and 79%, respectively. Conclusion: Based on our study, the cut-off point of 40.36 pg/mL or more for pro-BNP, showing a Qp/Qs ratio more than 1.5, can be considered as an indication for interventional procedures.

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Galactorrhea among Female Mentally Ill Patients Using Antipsychotics in a Tertiary Institution in South-South Nigeria

Recent Advances in Biology and Medicine ◽

10.18639/rabm.2020.962631 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Omamurhomu E Olose ◽

Donald C Chukwujekwu ◽

Cecilia O Busari ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mentally Ill ◽

Prolactin Level ◽

Venous Blood ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Serum Prolactin ◽

Tertiary Institution ◽

Medication Usage ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Relationship ◽

Typical Antipsychotics

Objective was to determine the prevalence of galactorrhea among respondents, to determine the correlation between the dose of antipsychotic and the presence of galactorrhea, to determine the relationship between the duration of drug use and the prolactin level, to determine the relationship between class of antipsychotic and galactorrhea, and to determine the predictors of galactorrhea among the respondents. This is a cross-sectional study. From 81 consenting patients taking prescribed antipsychotic medications and all of whom have met the inclusion criteria, a sociodemographic interview schedule was administered. Next, the venous blood sample was collected for the estimation of the serum prolactin level. The prevalence of galactorrhea was 50.6%, there was a correlation between galactorrhea and chlorpromazine equivalent dose of antipsychotics (r = 0.356, p = 0.001), there is an association between galactorrhea and the use of typical antipsychotics, there was also an association between the duration of antipsychotic use and galactorrhea, and the greatest predictor of galactorrhea was found to be the duration of antipsychotic medication usage. Galactorrhea can result from the use of atypical or typical antipsychotics, and the duration of antipsychotic use was the greatest predictor of galactorrhea.

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Is There Any Relationship Between Maternal Vitamin D and Thyroid Function in Pregnancy With Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes? A Cross-sectional Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-809182/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Salma Ahi ◽

Iman Fereydooni²

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Serum Level ◽

Thyroid Function ◽

Significant Relationship ◽

Maternal Age ◽

Vitamin D Status ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Relationship ◽

In Pregnancy

Abstract Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in pregnant women to investigate the relationship between vitamin D level and thyroid function.Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive study, a total number of 90 patients during the three trimesters of pregnancy were investigated, 30 pregnant women were studied in each trimester of pregnancy. We evaluated thyroid function test and thyroid auto-antibodies (TPO Ab, Tg Ab) also serum level of 25OHD, to determine the relationship between vitamin D level and autoimmune or non-autoimmune thyroid disease in pregnancy. Results: Pearson correlation in all subjects showed that vitamin D levels did not have a significant relationship with maternal age. Only in the third trimester, there was a significant difference in maternal age based on their vitamin D status. The mean age of patients with a sufficient level of vitamin D (29.29 ± 3.87) was higher than the moderate vitamin D deficient patient’s age (23.4 ± 1.51). There was no significant difference between the trimesters of pregnancy and vitamin D status (P>0.05). Also, there were no significant differences between serum levels of vitamin D within three trimesters. Regarding the pregnancy outcomes, two newborns were admitted to NICU, Meconium Aspiration in one case, and IUFD in another case leads to pregnancy termination. These four cases were related to maternal history of hypothyroidism. Conclusion: There was no significant relationship between vitamin D and pregnancy trimester. The serum level of vitamin D had no particular effect on the outcome of pregnancy and the thyroid gland function.

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