scholarly journals STUDI FENOMENOLOGI FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KEJADIAN PREEKLAMPSIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (01) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Yanti .
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Maternal Knowledge ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Work Area ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of ◽  
Hypertension Knowledge ◽  
Depth Interviews

ABSTRAKPendahuluan: Preeklampsia merupakan salah satu penyebab tingginya angka kematian ibu (AKI) di Indonesia. Angka kejadian preeklampsia di Jawa Tengah pada tahun 2018 sebesar 8%, Boyolali merupakan salah satu dari sepuluh wilayah penyumbang AKI teringgi di Jawa Tengah, dengan kejadian preeklampsia sebanyak 33,4% (5 kasus), hal ini menyebabkan preeklampsi menempati urutan pertama penyebab kematian ibu. Faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi kejadian preeklampsia adalah usia, paritas, riwayat preeklampsia, riwayat hipertensi, pengetahuan, dan persepsi Ibu, kebiasaan dan dukungan dari keluarga. Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui fenomena faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian preeklampsia di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Ampel Boyolali Jawa tengah. Metode Penelitian: Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif fenomenologi. Informan penelitian terdiri dari informan utama yaitu ibu yang mengalami preeklampsia selama kehamilannya sebanyak 5 orang dan informan pendukung yang terdiri dari 5 tenaga kesehatan, 2 kader kesehatan dan 8 anggota keluarga dari informan utama. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara wawancara mendalam dan studi dokumentasi. Analisis penelitian ini menggunakan teknik Miles dan Hubberman (1992) dengan analisis tematik. Hasil dan pembahasan: Ada 4 tema sebagai hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kejadian preeklampsia, terdiri dari usia ibu, paritas, Riwayat Kesehatan dan kebiasaan ibu. Simpulan: Ibu yang mengalami preeklampsia mayoritas memiliki karakteristik (usia, paritas), riwayat kesehatan dan kebiasaan yang beresiko. Dengan melakukan pendampingan selama masa kehamilan kepada ibu hamil yang beresiko diharapkan dapat menghindari komplikasi yang dapat terjadi akibat keterlambatan penanganan serta mengoptimalkan pemberian edukasi tentang preeklampsia untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan ibu. Kata kunci: Preeklamsia, Fenomenologi. PHENOMENOLOGY STUDY OF THE RISK FACTOR THAT RELATED WITH PREECLAMPSIA ABSTRACTIntroduction : Preeclampsia is one of the causes of the highly maternal mortality (MMR) in Indonesia. The incidence of preeclampsia in the Central java in 2018 was 8%. Boyolali which was one of the ten highest contributor to MMR in Central Java, the incidence of preeclampsia was 33,4% (5 cases), this led to preeclampsia being the first cause of maternal death. Factors that can influence the incidence of preeclampsia are age, parity, history of preeclampsia, history of hypertension, knowledge, and mother's perception, habits and support from the family. This research was to describe the phenomenon of the risk factor related with preeclampsia in the work area of Ampel Public Health Center, Boyoali, Central Java. Research method: This is a qualitative research with a descriptive phenomenological approach. The informants of the study consisted of the main informants, namely mothers who had preeclampsia during their pregnancy as many as 5 people and supporting informants consisting of 5 health workers, 2 health cadres and 8 family members from the main informants. Data collection techniques were carried out by in-depth interviews and documentation studies. The analysis of this study uses the techniques of Miles and Hubberman (1992) with thematic analysis.Result and discussion: The results of the study were identified 4 themes namely factors that influence the incidence of preeclampsia, women’s age, parity, history of health, and women,s daily activity. Conclusion: Mothers who experience preeclampsia have the majority characteristics (women age, parity), history of health and risky habits. By providing assistance during pregnancy for pregnant women who are at risk wish to avoid complications that can occur due to delays in handling and optimizing the provision of education about preeclampsia to improve maternal knowledge. Keywords: Preeclampsia, Phenomenology

scholarly journals Maternal Perception about Neonatal Jaundice in Eastern Nepal: A Qualitative Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinesh Dharel ◽  
Asmita Bhattarai
Keyword(s):  
Neonatal Jaundice ◽  
Neonatal Period ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
District Hospital ◽  
Remedial Measure ◽  
Beliefs And Practices ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of ◽  
Evil Spirits ◽  
Depth Interviews

Background: Jaundice is a common problem in newborn babies and mothers have different misconceptions about it in Nepal. This study was conducted to explore mother’s perception about the causes, recognition, management and outcome of neonatal jaundice.Methodology: In-depth interviews were conducted with 32 mothers of infants under six months of age with a history of jaundice in the neonatal period attending the outpatient department of Ilam District Hospital. Audio-taped data were transcribed and analyzed thematically.Results: Most of the mothers recognized jaundice in babies from yellow skin but some noticed it after being alerted by health workers or other people. They perceived jaundice in neonates as a serious condition. However, they were unclear about the cause and attributed it to breach in food restrictions, lack of hygiene or effect of evil spirits. Foods consumed by mothers during and after pregnancy were of concern, not only as a cause but also a remedial measure of jaundice. They usually resorted to traditional measures of avoiding certain foods and reported that health workers did not offer specific remedies and that some health workers even approved such practices. The perceptions of mothers were greatly influenced by family and societal beliefs and practices such as applying oil, sunbathing or avoiding various foods by mothers, often irrespective of advice from health workers. Mother-in-law and the health worker have had the prominent influence in mother’s perception.Conclusion: The perceptions of mothers regarding recognition, seriousness, causes and treatment of jaundice in their newborn babies were mostly guided by their own misconceptions and experiences. However, the family and societal beliefs apparently had a big influence.

Gender Moderates the Association Between Exposure to Interpersonal Violence and Intermittent Explosive Disorder Diagnosis

2021 ◽  
pp. 088626052110139
Author(s):  
Lynette C. Krick ◽  
Mitchell E. Berman ◽  
Michael S. McCloskey ◽  
Emil F. Coccaro ◽  
Jennifer R. Fanning
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Aggressive Behavior ◽  
Interpersonal Violence ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Affective Dysregulation ◽  
Intermittent Explosive Disorder ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
The Relationship

Exposure to interpersonal violence (EIV) is a prevalent risk-factor for aggressive behavior; however, it is unclear whether the effect of EIV on clinically significant aggressive behavior is similar across gender. We examined whether gender moderates the association between experiencing and witnessing interpersonal violence and the diagnosis of intermittent explosive disorder (IED). We also examined potential pathways that might differentially account for the association between EIV and IED in men and women, including emotion regulation and social information processing (SIP). Adult men and women ( N = 582), who completed a semistructured clinical interview for syndromal and personality disorders, were classified as healthy controls (HC; n = 118), psychiatric controls (PC; n = 146) or participants with an IED diagnosis ( n = 318). Participants also completed the life history of experienced aggression (LHEA) and life history of witnessed aggression (Lhwa) structured interview and self-report measures of emotion regulation and SIP. Men reported more EIV over the lifetime. In multiple logistic regression analysis, experiencing and witnessing aggression within the family and experiencing aggression outside the family were associated with lifetime IED diagnosis. We found that the relationship between EIV and IED was stronger in women than in men. Affective dysregulation mediated certain forms of EIV, and this relation was observed in both men and women. SIP biases did not mediate the relation between EIV and IED. EIV across the lifespan is a robust risk factor for recurrent, clinically significant aggressive behavior (i.e., IED). However, the relationship between EIV and IED appears to be stronger in women. Further, this relation appears partially mediated by affective dysregulation.

scholarly journals Curriculum Development of Madrasah Tahfidz-Based Pesantren

Ta dib ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 125
Author(s):  
Nawa Husna ◽  
Zainal Arifin
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Curriculum Development ◽  
Time Allocation ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Learning Experiences ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Know How ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

The purpose of the research was to know deeper about the concept of Madrasah tahfidz based Pesantren with 30 chapters of tahfidz al-Qur’an system and to know how the implementation of curriculum development of madrasah tahfidz based Pesantren (school boarding) in MITQ TBS Kudus, Central Java. The research was a descriptive-qualitative with phenomenological approach with data collection techniques: in-depth interviews, non-participant observation, and documentation. The analysis of the data was by reduction, display, and provided conclusions. The results showed (1) the concept of madrasah tahfidz based pesantren in MITQ TB Kudus, Central Java emphasized on the time allocation of tahfidz al-Qur’an with more portion such as 48 hours per week to reach tahfidz al-Qur'an 30 chapters, and (2) curriculum development of madrasah tahfidz  based Pesantren (school boarding) in TBS MITQ Kudus, Central Java included: diagnosis of needs, development of education purposes, curriculum of KTSP, curriculumof  Religion Ministry and the local curriculum (pesantren), learning experiences, and the development of curriculum evaluation.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui lebih mendalam mengenai konsep madrasah  tahfidz berbasis pesantren dengan sistem tahfidz al-Qur’an 30 juz serta mengetahui bagaimana pelaksanaan pengembangan kurikulum madrasah tahfidz berbasis pesantren di MITQ TBS Kudus Jawa Tengah. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif-kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi dengan teknik pengumpulan data: wawancara mendalam, observasi non partisipan, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data melalui reduksi, display, dan memberikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan (1) konsep madrasah tahfidz berbasis pesantren di MITQ TBS Kudus Jawa Tengah menekankan pada alokasi waktu tahfidz al-Qur’an dengan porsi lebih yaitu 48 jam perminggu untuk mencapai tahfidz al-Qur’an 30 juz, dan (2) pengembangan kurikulum madrasah tahfidz berbasis pesantren di MITQ TBS Kudus Jawa Tengah meliputi: diagnosis kebutuhan, pengembangan tujuan pendidikan, kurikulum KTSP, kurikulum Kementerian Agama dan kurikulum muatan lokal (pesantren), pengalaman belajar, dan pengembangan evaluasi kurikulum.

scholarly journals ANALISIS FAKTOR MASALAH PERTUMBUHAN: STATUS GIZI, STUNTING PADA ANAK USIA < 5 TAHUN DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS SIDOMULYO KOTA PEKANBARU

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-70
Author(s):  
Islah Wahyuni
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Work Area ◽  
Good Nutrition ◽  
History Of

Background: The emergence of nutritional problems in toddlers is influenced by many interrelated factors. Directly influenced by some things, the toddler is not getting enough nutritious food balanced at the age of toddlers, the child does not get adequate nutritional care and children suffer from infectious diseases. Poverty is also one of the causes of malnutrition in regard to availability and consumption of family food. Less or worse nutritional problems and stunting are certainly required early detection attempts. Early detection of children's growth is an activity/examination to early find the existence of growth irregularities in infants The purpose of research: to do the growth factor: Nutrition Status, event Stunting in toddler  aged < 5 years in the work area Puskesmas Sidomulyo Pekanbaru. Research method: The sample used in this research is a toddler in Sidomulyo Puskesmas work area which amounted to 30 toddlers 12-59 months with Consencutive sampling technique. The study took place in December 2019.    Research instruments are digital weight scales, body length meters, Midline and questionnaires. Data analysis using the Rank Spearman. Research result: Classification of nutritional problems in infants based on the BB/U majority is BB less (underweight) 19 Reponden (63.3%). On a short (stunteed) majority, 14 respondents (46.7%), and based on the majority of the BB/TB of Good Nutrition (Normal) 17 respondents (56.7%). There are factors that affect the problem of nutritional status and stunting in children, from the knowledge aspect obtained by 16 respondents (53.3%)  Less knowledgeable, the majority of maternal education was 19 (63.3%), there were a history of 23-person disease infections (76.7%), and a low family income of 20 people (66.7%) and incomplete immunizations as much as 17 people (56.7%). There is a relationship factor of mother knowledge with the problem of nutrition (stunting) (0.00), there is a relationship factor mother education with the problem of nutrition (stunting) (0.00), there is a relationship factor family income with nutrition (stunting) (0.001), there is a relationship factor of infection history in infants with stunting problems (0.00), there is a relationship factor immunization history with the problem of the nutrient (stunting) (0.010). It is expected that the health workers further improve the counseling and education to the toddler mother in monitoring nutritional problems and growth of toddlers

scholarly journals GENOGRAM AND ECO-MAP AS TOOLS FOR UNDERSTANDING FAMILY CARE IN CHRONIC ILLNESS OF THE YOUNG

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ítala Paris de Souza ◽  
Roseney Bellato ◽  
Laura Filomena Santos de Araújo ◽  
Karla Beatriz Barros de Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Illness ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Family Care ◽  
Data Organization ◽  
Family Organization ◽  
Adolescent Cancer ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of ◽  
Analytical Tools ◽  
Depth Interviews

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to understand family organization in care nucleus and supporting networks for families of young patients who experienced childhood kidney disease and adolescent cancer. It is a situational study using the history of life by means of in-depth interviews and observation. A genogram and an eco-map were used as analytical tools for data organization and analysis. The genogram showed family composition and the relationships established among its members and the care nucleus, strengthening the continuing and prolonged care required by the youth. The eco-map contrasted the punctual and unlinked work of the supporting network with the implicated, affective, and continuing work from the base network participation in the illness experienced by the youth. These tools allow health professionals to know the family organization in care, and the resources and networks with which they count on for support through the experience of a chronic illness.

Young Married Women’s Perceptions On The Maeanings And Motivations For Their Husbands’ Opposition To Their Modern Contraceptive Use In Malawi

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Kaneka ◽  
Akim J. Mturi
Keyword(s):  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Modern Contraceptive ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
The Family ◽  
Women’S Perceptions ◽  
Modern Contraceptive Use ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Programme Delivery

Abstract The aim of the study was to examine the perceptions of young married women on meanings and motivations of partner opposition to their contraceptive use. Qualitative data was collected from focus group discussions and individual in-depth interviews with young married women and key informant interviews with health workers and traditional leaders in the districts of Ntcheu, Mangochi and Zomba in Malawi. Thematic data analysis was done using ATLAS ti software version 7. The results show that partners’ opposition to young married women’s use of contraceptives was perceived to be principally motivated by their husbands’ quest to control the sexual and reproductive lives of their spouses. Related to this aspect are the fears and misconceptions that use of modern contraceptives would relieve young married women of the fear of engaging in extra marital affairs as they would no longer be afraid of being discovered through pregnancy. Hence, the opposition was perceived to safeguard their marriages from instability and dissolution. The paper asserts that there should be a shift in the family planning programme delivery in the country aimed at reducing or eliminating partner opposition to young married women’s contraceptive use through involvement and inclusion of partners in the designing and implementation of contraceptive information and service provision interventions.

scholarly journals PERSEPSI IBU YANG BEKERJA TERHADAP KEGAGALAN PEMBERIAN ASI EKSKLUSIF PADA BAYI DI WILAYAH SAMBIROTO SEMARANG 2017

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Dewi mayang sari, Alida nihaya
Keyword(s):  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Working Mothers ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Working Mother ◽  
Exclusive Breast Feeding ◽  
The Family ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Internal And External Factors ◽  
Depth Interviews

Latar Belakang: Berdasarka hasil survey pada bulan Agustus 2016 di Sambiroto didapat jumlah 132 bayi,55% tidak diberikan ASI eksklusif,hal tersebut dikarenakan sebagian besar ibu bekerja. Tinjaun Teori: Persepsi merupakan kemampuan berfikir individu terhadap sesuatu yang dipersepsikan. ASI eksklusif adalah pemberian ASI saja dari 0-6 bulan tanpa diberikan makanan atau minuman apapun. Hambatan ketika menyusui dibedakan menjadi dua faktor, yakni faktor internal dan eksternal. Tujuan Penelitian: Mengeksplorasi persepsi ibu yang bekerja terhadap kegagalan pemberian ASI eksklusif pada bayi.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan wawancara mendalam. Jumlah partisipan 3 orang ibu yang bekerja, memiliki bayi dan dadal dalam pemberian ASI eksklusif di Sambiroto Semarang.Hasil: Wawancara mendalam pada partisipan didapatkan informasi tentang kegagalan pemberian ASI eksklusif dikarenakan adanya hambatan yang dialami ibu yakni berupa keterbatasan waktu dengan anak dan produksi ASI yang sedikit serta tidak didukungnya fasilitas berupa Ruang Laktasi  untuk memerah di saat ibu bekerja. Rendahnya kesadaran ibu dalam pemberian ASI semakin membuat terjadinya kegagalan ASI eksklusif, meskipun pihak keluarga, lingkungan, tenaga kesehatan telah memeberikan dukungan penuh.Saran: Ibu bekerja hendaknya memberikan ASI secara ekslusif, meskipun kondisi ibu yang bekerja. Perusahaan hendaknya memberikan ruang laktasi yang memadai. Kata Kunci : Persepsi;Ibu Bekerja;Kegagalan ASI Eksklusif PERCEIVED FAILURE TO WOMEN WHO WORK IN EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING BABY IN THE SAMBIROTO SEMARANG 2017 Abstract Background : Based upon the results of its survey in August 2016 in Sambiroto be tallied 132 infants, 55% were not given exclusive breast feeding, it is because the majority of working mothers. Overview Theory: Perception is the ability of an individual to think of something perceived. Exclusive breastfeeding is breastfeeding course of 0-6 months without given any food or drinks. Barriers when breastfeeding is divided into two factors, namely internal and external factors Research objective : To explore the perception of mother who work against the failure of exclusive breast feeding in infants. Method : This study used qualitative methods with the approach of phenomenology. Data collection techniques with in-depth interviews. The number of participants three working mothers, babies or toddlers and failed in exclusive breast feeding in Sambiroto Semarang. Result : In-depth interviews in participants obtained information about the failure of exclusive breast feeding because of the constraints experienced by the mother in the form of limited time with the child and a little milk production and not supported facilities such as lactation room for milking when the mother works. Low awareness in breast feeding mothers are increasingly making a failure of exclusive breast feeding, although the family, the environment, health workers have given full support. Suggestion : Mother should be able to provide breast milk exclusively thought the condition of mothers are working. Companis should provide adequate lactation room. Keywords : Perception; Working Mother; The failure of exclusive breast feeding.

scholarly journals PENGALAMAN KELUARGA DALAM MERAWAT DEKUBITUS

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Rita Sari
Keyword(s):  
Family Members ◽  
Deep Understanding ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Pressure Sores ◽  
The Family ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Field Notes ◽  
Written Questions ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
At Home

Immobilization is a problem faced by patients with chronic illness, the patients is very weak and paralyzed patients in a long time. This study have purpose  to gain a deep understanding of the experience of families in caring for family members is immobilized with pressure sores at home. This study used qualitative methods. Participants are families who care for patients at home who are immobilized with pressure sores. Collecting data with in-depth interviews by means of instrument is the researcher's own self, written questions as an interview, used recording devices and used field notes.  Criterion sampling by taking 6 participants. Analysis of data used a phenomenological approach. The results showed that the family had a positive experience; Can be more patient, and assume that caring for a sick family member has its own challenges, being able to be with other families in caring for patients, being able to give affection and obligation as a child to parents can help take care of it. There was also an unpleasant (negative) family experience during the care of sick family members, the family felt tired, not strong and bored during patient care. The conclusion of the study is that families have positive and negative experiences in caring for family members with decubitus

scholarly journals CREATION OF COMPASSION" - FAMILY EXPERIENCE IN CARING FOR PATIENT WITH MENTAL DISORDERS

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nining Wuri Lestari ◽  
Setyawati Soeharto ◽  
Dwi Windarwati
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Family Experience ◽  
Family Experiences ◽  
The Family ◽  
Depth Interviews

Background: Caring for people with post-pasung (post seclusion and restraint of patient) mental disorders can provide special experience for families who act as caregivers. Objective: To explore family experiences in rehabilitating people with post-pasung mental disorders in Trenggalek Regency. Methods: This research is a qualitative research with an interpretive phenomenological approach. Data were obtained through in-depth interviews using semi-structured interview guidelines. Participants in this study were twelve in number who treated people with post-pasung mental disorders in Trenggalek Regency. Results: Analysis of data using IPA (Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis), found eight themes, namely having compassion for patients, having the responsibility of caring for patients, repaying the kindness of patients and others who have helped, having the hope that patients can recover, feel the need to supervise the independence of patients, realize the condition of mental patients, resigned to accept, thankful that the patient can improve and upset. Conclusion: Family is a determinant of the success of rehabilitation in people with post-pasung mental disorders. Family compassion and attention support the patient's recovery. The family hopes that the patient can recover and be independent in self-care, take medicine and work so that it does not depend on the family. This study produced eight themes and answered the research objectives.

scholarly journals Association of family history of schizophrenia and history of obstetric complications at birth: relationship with age at onset and psychopathology dimensions in a Nigerian cohort

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 697-708
Author(s):  
Justus Uchenna Onu ◽  
Jude Uzoma Ohaeri
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Family History ◽  
Independent Risk Factor ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Obstetric Complications ◽  
Symptom Dimensions ◽  
Clinical Phenotypes ◽  
The Family ◽  
Psychopathological Symptom ◽  
History Of

Background: The nature of the association between obstetric complications (OCs) at birth and the genetic aetiology of schizo- phrenia remains unclear, as some authors suggest that it is an independent risk factor while others support either interactionism or an epiphenomenon perspective. Objective: To examine the association of family history of schizophrenia (FHS) with history of OCs, with a view to assessing whether this relationship moderates clinical phenotypes such as symptom dimensions and age at onset of illness. Methods: This study examined OCs among schizophrenia probands using the Obstetric Complications Scale. An inquiry into family history was performed using the Family history method. Psychopathological symptom dimensions were assessed using standard scales. Data were analyzed to examine the interaction of FHS and history of OCs with age at onset and symptom dimensions, using ANCOVA. Results: FHS was significantly associated with the disorganized symptoms dimension (p=0.03). History of OCs was significant- ly associated with earlier age at onset (p=0.007). However, in ANCOVA, the effect of the interaction between FHS and history of OCs was not significant for age at onset and symptom dimensions (P = 0.059). Conclusion: FHS was significantly associated with disorganization syndrome, and OCs was significantly associated with age at onset. Keywords: Family history; schizophrenia; obstetric complications; symptom dimensions; age at onset.

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