scholarly journals Implementation of Area optimized Low power Multiplication and Accumulation

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 2928-2932
Keyword(s):  
Low Power ◽  
Digital Circuits ◽  
Digital Signal ◽  
Digital Circuit ◽  
System Level ◽  
Combinational Circuits ◽  
Verilog Hdl ◽  
Description Language ◽  
Hardware Description ◽  
On Chip

There is number of computations involved at every stage in Digital Signal Processing (DSP). At every stage of computation we have addition and multiplication of the terms derived from previous and presents stages. The general computation incorporates the use of normal multiplication and addition, but the circuitry of normal multiplication and addition is lethargic i.e., it consumes more space on chip, consumes more power and the speed of computation is also low.These drawbacks can be avoided by switching to proposed method called Multiplication and Accumulation (MAC). Aim of this project is to develop an Area optimized Low power digital circuit for MAC (Multiply and Accumulate) operation. We develop the Verilog Hardware Description Language code for the various implementations of the MAC (Multiply and Accumulate) that is we try to avoid using multipliers and prefer to use the combinational circuits like multiplexers. These Verilog HDL codes will be simulated to check the functionality. Once we get the expected results we go for the implementation of the digital circuits. We analyze all the MAC digital circuits to find out the best digital circuit which consumes minimum area and power. The importance of MAC in FPGA designs is explained by some filter designs. We also give some suggestions on the system level solutions based on the MAC.

Performance Analysis of an Area Efficient and Low Power MOD-R2MDC FFT for MIMO OFDM

2014 ◽  
Vol 573 ◽  
pp. 176-180
Author(s):  
G. Kavitha ◽  
B. Kirthiga ◽  
N. Kirubanandasarathy
Keyword(s):  
Low Power ◽  
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing ◽  
Ofdm System ◽  
Description Language ◽  
Fft Processor ◽  
Synthesis Tool ◽  
Mimo Ofdm ◽  
Hardware Description ◽  
Fft Algorithms ◽  
Area Efficient

In this paper, an area-efficient low power fast fourier transform (FFT) processor is proposed for multi input multi output-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) in wireless communication system. It consists of a modified architecture of radix-2 algorithm which is described as modified radix-2 multipath delay commutation (MOD-R2MDC). The OFDM receiver with modified R2MDC (MOD-R2MDC) FFT was designed by Hardware Description Language (HDL) coding The Xilinx ISE Design Suite 10.1 is used as a synthesis tool for getting the power and area. The Model-Sim 6.3c is used for simulation. Also the existing OFDM system has been tested with these FFT algorithms and their performances were analyzed with respect to occupancy area in FPGA and power consumption. A low-power and area efficient architecture enables the real-time operations of MIMO OFDM system.

Implementation of CRC by Using FPGA in Data Communication

2013 ◽  
Vol 325-326 ◽  
pp. 1805-1808
Author(s):  
Lie Wang ◽  
Yi Jie Wang
Keyword(s):  
Hardware Implementation ◽  
Data Communication ◽  
Communication Process ◽  
Hardware Description Language ◽  
Verilog Hdl ◽  
Description Language ◽  
Communication Structure ◽  
Development Platform ◽  
Hardware Description ◽  
Analyze Data

By introducing the basic principle of ordinary CRC algorithm, the paper develops an algorithm which can be used to analyze data communication structure and construct design process. At the same time, it can be quickly implemented in the data communication process. The algorithm uses Verilog HDL hardware description language to complete all the design on ISE development platform. And it uses Xilinxs development board Virtex-II Pro to achieve the final realization. Compared with traditional methods, the algorithm is simple and intuitive, which reduces computational the delays and saves space. It also benefits hardware implementation.

scholarly journals Novel Low-Complexity and Low-Power Flip-Flop Design

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 783
Author(s):  
Jin-Fa Lin ◽  
Zheng-Jie Hong ◽  
Chang-Ming Tsai ◽  
Bo-Cheng Wu ◽  
Shao-Wei Yu
Keyword(s):  
Low Power ◽  
Average Power ◽  
Circuit Complexity ◽  
Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor ◽  
Cmos Technology ◽  
Digital Circuit ◽  
Oxide Semiconductor ◽  
System Level ◽  
Flip Flop ◽  
Chip Area

In this paper, a compact and low-power true single-phase flip-flop (FF) design with fully static operations is presented. The design is developed by using various circuit-reduction schemes and features a hybrid logic style employing both pass transistor logic (PTL) and static complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) logic to reduce circuit complexity. These circuit optimization measures pay off in various aspects, including smaller clock-to-Q (CQ) delay, lower average power, lower leakage power, and smaller layout area; and the transistor-count is only 17. Fabricated in TSMC 180 nm CMOS technology, it reduces by over 29% the chip area compared to the conventional transmission gate FF (TGFF). To further show digital circuit/system level advantages, a multi-mode shift register has been realized. Experimental measurement results at 1.8 V/4 MHz show that, compared with the TGFF design, the proposed design saves 64.7% of power consumption while reducing chip area by 26.2%.

scholarly journals Efficient Implementation of Multichannel FM and T-DMB Repeater in FPGA with Automatic Gain Controller

Electronics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 482
Author(s):  
Mangi Han ◽  
Youngmin Kim
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Electronic Device ◽  
Finite Impulse Response ◽  
Parallel Implementation ◽  
Power Level ◽  
Digital Signal ◽  
Digital Circuit ◽  
Output Power Level ◽  
Verilog Hdl ◽  
Field Programmable

In this study, we implemented a high-performance multichannel repeater, both for FM and T-Digital Multimedia Broadcasting (DMB) signals using a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). In a system for providing services using wireless communication, a radio-shaded area is inevitably generated due to various obstacles. Thus, an electronic device that receives weak or low-level signals and retransmits them at a higher level is crucial. In addition, parallel implementation of digital filters and gain controllers is necessary for a multichannel repeater. When power level is too low or too high, the repeater is required to compensate the power level and ensure a stable signal. However, analog- and software-based repeaters are expensive and they are difficult to install. They also cannot effectively process multichannel in parallel. The proposed system exploits various digital signal-processing algorithms, which include modulation, demodulation, Cascaded Integrator Comb (CIC) filters, Finite Impulse Response (FIR) filters, Interpolated Second Ordered Polynomials (ISOP) filters, and Automatic Gain Controllers (AGCs). The newly proposed AGC is more efficient than others in terms of computation amount and throughput. The designed digital circuit was implemented by using Verilog HDL, and tested using a Xilinx Kintex 7 device. As a result, the proposed repeater can simultaneously handle 40 FM channels and 6 DMB channels in parallel. Output power level is also always maintained by the AGC.

scholarly journals Design and Analysis of Radix-8/4/2 64b/32b Integer Divider Using COMPASS Cell Library

VLSI Design ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 331-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chua-Chin Wang ◽  
Chenn-Jung Huang ◽  
I-Yen Chang
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Hardware Description Language ◽  
Verilog Hdl ◽  
Description Language ◽  
Throughput Rate ◽  
Cell Library ◽  
Conversion Algorithm ◽  
Hardware Description ◽  
Simulation Results

A high speed 64b/32b integer divider employing digit-recurrence division method and the on-the-fly conversion algorithm, wherein a fast normalizer is included, which is used as the pre-processor of the proposed integer divider. For the sake of enhancing throughput rate, the proposed divider uses a mixed radix-8/4/2 division instead of the traditional radix-2 division. On-the-fly remainder adjustment is also realized in the converter module of the divider. The entire design is written in Verilog HDL (hardware description language) employing COMPASS 0.6 μm 1P3M cell library (V3.0), and then synthesized by SYNOPSYS. The simulation results indicate that our design is a better option than the existing long divider designs.

scholarly journals Hardware Implementation of Stockwell Transform and Smoothed Pseudo Wigner Ville Distribution Transform on FPGA using CORDIC Algorithm

2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 57-60
Author(s):  
B Murali Krishna ◽  
◽  
B.T. Krishna ◽  
K Babulu ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cordic Algorithm ◽  
Matlab Simulation ◽  
Verilog Hdl ◽  
Description Language ◽  
S Transform ◽  
Field Programmable ◽  
Hardware Resource ◽  
Linear Transform ◽  
Hardware Description ◽  
Stockwell Transform

A comparison of linear and quadratic transform implementation on field programmable gate array (FPGA) is presented. Popular linear transform namely Stockwell Transform and Smoothed Pseudo Wigner Ville Distribution (SPWVD) transform from Quadratic transforms is considered for the implementation on FPGA. Both the transforms are coded in Verilog hardware description language (Verilog HDL). Complex calculations of transformation are performed by using CORDIC algorithm. From FPGA family, Spartan-6 is chosen as hardware device to implement. Synthetic chirp signal is taken as input to test the both designed transforms. Summary of hardware resource utilization on Spartan-6 for both the transforms is presented. Finally, it is observed that both the transforms S-Transform and SPWVD are computed with low elapsed time with respect to MATLAB simulation.

scholarly journals A Novel Design of Mealy Machine Equivalence in Vlsi Technology

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 2201-2206
Keyword(s):  
Low Power ◽  
High Power ◽  
Verilog Hdl ◽  
Vlsi Technology ◽  
Testing Techniques ◽  
Mealy Machine ◽  
On Chip ◽  
Novel Design

In this paper begin of a Novel Design of Mealy Machine Equivalence in VLSI Technology. The pattern in structure and assembling of extremely huge scale incorporated circuit shows a progressing move towards littler gadgets on expanding wafer measurements. CMOS has become a common innovation because of its rapid and pressing thickness combined with low power utilization. New advances have risen to additionally expand circuit speed and to lessen structure and innovation limitations. Models are joined bipolar-CMOS (BICMOS) and CMOS in silicon on the cover (SOI). Other than the mass delivered standard chips exclusively custom-fitted application explicit IC (ASICs) and framework approaches with on-chip coordinated sensors or high power actuators gain significance. These improvements present difficulties in the progression of pillar testing techniques, for example, rapid or high spatial goals on 200 mm width wafers. We have mapped this paper to the Mealy machine equivalence Verilog HDL Code in the Xilinx Vivado Compiler Version v2014.2 (64-bit) and find the Power, utilization report, and Area, Power in Table One, utilization report in Table Two and Area in Table Three.

scholarly journals Design of AMBA AXI4 protocol for System-on-Chip communication

2012 ◽  
pp. 38-42
Author(s):  
Shaila S Math ◽  
Manjula R B
Keyword(s):  
System On Chip ◽  
Hardware Description Language ◽  
Test Cases ◽  
Description Language ◽  
Write Response ◽  
Hardware Description ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
On Chip ◽  
Ip Blocks ◽  
Bus Architecture

Advanced microcontroller bus architecture (AMBA) protocol family provides metric-driven verification of protocol compliance, enabling comprehensive testing of interface intellectual property (IP) blocks and system-on-chip (SoC) designs. The AMBA advanced extensible interface 4 (AXI4) update to AMBA AXI3 includes the following: support for burst lengths up to 256 beats, updated write response requirements, removal of locked transactions and AXI4 also includes information on the interoperability of components. AMBA AXI4 protocol system supports 16 masters and 16 slaves interfacing. This paper presents a work aimed to design the AMBA AXI4 protocol modeled in Verilog hardware description language (HDL) and simulation results for read and write operation of data and address are shown in Verilog compiler simulator (VCS) tool. The operating frequency is set to 100MHz. Two test cases are run to perform multiple read and multiple write operations. To perform single read operation module takes 160ns and for single write operation it takes 565ns.

scholarly journals Fine-Grain Circuit Hardening Through VHDL Datatype Substitution

Electronics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Muñoz-Quijada ◽  
Samuel Sanchez-Barea ◽  
Daniel Vela-Calderon ◽  
Hipolito Guzman-Miranda
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Effects ◽  
Digital Circuits ◽  
Fault Injection ◽  
Description Language ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Internal Memory ◽  
Fine Grain ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Hardware Description ◽  
Modular Redundancy

Radiation effects can induce, amongst other phenomena, logic errors in digital circuits and systems. These logic errors corrupt the states of the internal memory elements of the circuits and can propagate to the primary outputs, affecting other onboard systems. In order to avoid this, Triple Modular Redundancy is typically used when full robustness against these phenomena is needed. When full triplication of the complete design is not required, selective hardening can be applied to the elements in which a radiation-induced upset is more likely to propagate to the main outputs of the circuit. The present paper describes a new approach for selectively hardening digital electronic circuits by design, which can be applied to digital designs described in the VHDL Hardware Description Language. When the designer changes the datatype of a signal or port to a hardened type, the necessary redundancy is automatically inserted. The automatically hardening features have been compiled into a VHDL package, and have been validated both in simulation and by means of fault injection.

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