Influence of UV Radiation on Physical and Biological Properties of Rapeseed in Pre-Sowing
Treatment

The effect of ultraviolet radiation on pre-sowing treatment of seeds of the winter cultivar Lembke and cultivars treated with fungicides DK EXODUS, DK Exquisite and DK Exprit was studied. Experimental studies show a positive effect of UV irradiation in pre-sowing treatment of winter rapeseeds on seed vigour and germination, both when irradiated in region C (200-280 nm) and in region B (280-320 nm). It was found that UV radiation has a positive effect on the sowing qualities of winter rapeseeds varieties Lembke and DK EXODUS (treated with fungicides) when irradiated with a dose of 120 J/m2 : seed vigour increased by 11% in the variety DK EXODUS and 16.9% in the variety Lembke, germination on average by 13% compared to control samples. At doses of 250 and 500 J/m2 , a decrease in the sowing quality of seeds is observed. The main parameters of kinetic values of hydration were determined: moisture content and hydration rate. It was found that the rate of hydration increased sharply in the initial phase and gradually and slowly decreased in the middle and final phases of the hydration procedure, respectively, in order to achieve a saturated moisture content. Irradiated seeds at a dose of 120 J/m2 showed a higher rate of water absorption than the control, both in the early and later stages of the hydration procedure. It is established that UV-C irradiation changes the kinetics of water absorption by B. napus seeds at low doses of irradiation, causing faster penetration of water into the seeds and more efficient hydration of tissues, positively affecting sowing qualities and biometrics. It has been suggested that water uptake by UV-irradiated B. napus seeds causes excessive imbibition damage at higher doses of UV radiation, as the germination potential decreases and improves at low doses. No significant changes in biometric parameters were detected during UV irradiation of rapeseed varieties DK Exquisite and DK Exprit treated with fungicides and dyes.

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Physical Quality of Turmeric Powder (Curcuma longga Linn) Result of Foam-mat Drying Method Using Microwave

Jurnal Agritechno ◽

10.20956/at.v14i2.464 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 57-65

Author(s):

Dhinar Patliani ◽

Dian Purbasari

Keyword(s):

Grain Size ◽

Moisture Content ◽

Water Absorption ◽

Bulk Density ◽

Oil Absorption ◽

Drying Method ◽

Physical Quality ◽

Average Grain Size ◽

Two Factors

Turmeric (Curcuma longa L) in Indonesia is widely known as a herbal medicinal plant, food coloring, and food flavoring. The high water content of turmeric will shorten the storage time and the quality of the ingredients. The need for drying which is the process of removing the moisture content of the material with the aim of prolonging the shelf life. The use of the foam-mat drying method with the addition of adhesives aims to speed up the drying process and maintain the quality of a material. The result of drying turmeric obtained is turmeric powder product. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with two factors, namely the variation of the microwave oven power and the composition of the developer agent (ovalet). The research procedure was divided into two stages, namely the manufacture of powder and continued with the measurement of physical quality. The stages of making powder begin with the preparation of raw materials, stripping, size reduction, addition of developer, drying, then grinding. The second stage is measuring physical quality, namely fineness modulus, average grain size, powder moisture content, color, water absorption, oil absorption, and bulk density. The power variations used are 420 watts, 535 watts, and 680 watts, while the composition of the developer is 1%, 2%, and 4%. Data analysis using two-way ANOVA statistical test with two factors that affect the variation of power and composition of the developer (ovalet). FM values ranged from 0.364 – 1.576, D values ranged from 0.005 – 0.0012 mm, final moisture content values ranged from 7.60 – 9.59%, powder moisture content values ranged from 9.47 – 11.43%ww , L values ranged from 61.46 – 65.96, a values ranged from 13.54 – 16.05, b values ranged from 48.21 – 52.42, DSA values ranged from 2.78 – 3.54 ml/ g, DSM values ranged from 1.22 – 1.60 ml/g, and DC values ranged from 0.38 – 0.44 g/cm3. The combination treatment of drying power with developer is influenced by the drying power of the parameters, namely the value of moisture content, fineness modulus, average grain size, brightness level, redness level, yellowness level, oil absorption, water absorption, and bulk density. While the developer affects the finenes modulus, average grain size, yellowness level, and bulk density.

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Experimental Study on the Property of Regenerating Concrete in Different Graduation

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.174-177.921 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 174-177 ◽

pp. 921-924

Author(s):

Xun Zhong Zhang ◽

Ping Liu ◽

Bin Jia

Keyword(s):

Experimental Study ◽

Moisture Content ◽

Water Absorption ◽

Packing Density ◽

Pressure Loss ◽

Reference Value ◽

New Method ◽

Strength Grade ◽

Variation Characteristics

Through experiments based on three different graduations of regenerating concrete,the paper analyzes the parameters variation characteristics, such as performance of the density, water absorption, moisture content, packing density and crushed indicators.The research shows that Pressure loss of the quality of the regenerating concrete is proportional with loading force. What’s more, it can also reflect the own strength grade of aggregate in a more direct way and should be a new method to assess aggregate strength. Simultaneously, it gives us a relatively superior graduation and provides reference value for guiding actual project.

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Effect of deforming tool parameters on roughness of hardened surfaces during orbital ironing

10.36652/1813-1336-2021-17-1-3-7 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 3-7

Author(s):

S.A. Zaydes ◽

Pham Van Anh’

Keyword(s):

Tilt Angle ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Roughness Parameters ◽

Shape Accuracy ◽

Orbital Rotation ◽

Lower Height ◽

Tool Tilt Angle ◽

Positive Effect

The effect of the deforming tool parameters on the roughness of hardened surfaces during orbital burnishing is considered. As result of experimental studies, it is revealed that after orbital burnishing, new surface is formed with significantly lower height of microscopes compared to the original microprofile, which has positive effect on improving of the shape accuracy and quality of hardened parts. It is found that the most significant effect on the roughness parameters during orbital burnishing is exerted by the orbital rotation radius, less significant — by the radius and working tool tilt angle. Increase in the working tool tilt angle the orbital rotation radius and decrease in the working tool radius leads to increase in roughness of surface.

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SUBSTANTIATION OF THE PARAMETERS OF TILLAGE RINK

Bulletin Samara State Agricultural Academy ◽

10.12737/17449 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 24-28

Author(s):

Иван Шаронов ◽

Ivan Sharonov ◽

Владимир Курдюмов ◽

Vladimir Kurdyumov ◽

Виктор Курушин ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Moisture Content ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽

Soil Tillage ◽

Content Structure ◽

Technical Requirements ◽

Winter Crops ◽

Crops Yield ◽

Specific Metal

The purpose of research is improving the quality of surface tillage during sowing of winter crops and, as a result, crops yield increasing. Quality compacting soil tillage rinks affect its physical and mechanical properties, such as moisture content, structure, and density, optimum value of which is regulated agronomic requirements for cultivation of specific agricultural crops. These properties affect the quality of seeding and water-air regime of the soil. Therefore, when conducting experimental studies, moisture content, structure, and soil density was controlled to optimize parameters and modes of operation of the rink to bring the above soil properties in compliance with agro-technical requirements. The quality of soil the proposed rink was assessed in comparison with existing rinks. The criterion of quality was the factor of conformity to the standard kcs, which characterizes the compliance of the density and structure of the soil reference values established by the agrotechnical requirements. The result of the research revealed that the maximum value of kcs = 0.84 is achieved at a speed ofv = 11 km/h and the ballast mass m = 78 kg. After tillage rinks seeder the factor of conformity to the standard kcs = 0.68; after soil tillage the existing rink kcs = 0.71; and after the processing of the proposed soil-cultivating rink the factor of conformity to the standard amounted to kcs = 0.84, which is significantly higher than after soil tillage of existing rink. While the specific metal content of the proposed ice rink will not exceed 116 kg per 1 m of width, which is 2.4 times less than that of the rink 3CCH-6 (283.6 kg/m).

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SIFAT FISIK DAN MEKANIK PAPAN PARTIKEL BERDASARKAN KOMPOSISI LIMBAH KULIT BUAH PINANG DAN LIMBAH KAYU GERGAJIAN DENGAN VARIASI KADAR PEREKAT

JURNAL HUTAN LESTARI ◽

10.26418/jhl.v9i2.46787 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 207

Author(s):

Asmawati Wurya Sari ◽

M Dirhamsyah ◽

Yuliati Indrayani

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Moisture Content ◽

Water Absorption ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Urea Formaldehyde ◽

Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽

Betel Nut ◽

Particle Board ◽

Composition Ratio

This research aimed to analyze the physical and mechanical properties of particleboard based on the composition of raw materials and adhesive content as well as their interaction with the optimum quality of particle boards that meet JIS A 5908-2003 standards. The particleboard was made with a size of 30 cm x 30 cm x 1 cm with a target density of 0.7 g/cm³. The pressing was done at a temperature of 140°C for 8 minutes with a pressure of 25 kg/cm². The composition ratio of betel nut peel waste and sawdust varied, namely 60% betel nut peel waste: 40% sawdust, 50% betel nut peel waste: 50% sawdust, and 40% betel nut peel waste: sawdust 60%. The adhesive used was Urea Formaldehyde with a concentration of 12%, 14%, and 16%. The results showed that all test values met the JIS A 5908: 2003 standard except the MOE test. The optimum value of particle board of betel nut peel and sawdust was with a composition ratio of 50% betel nut peel waste: 50% sawdust, 16% adhesive content, with a density value of 0.6876 g/cm³, a moisture content of 9,4530%, water absorption 34,5306%, thickness expansion 8,2508%, MOE 12432,6243 kg/cm², MOR 205,8462 kg/cm², adhesive firmness 2,2530 kg/cm², screw holding strength 81,6861 kg/cm².Keywords: adhesive content, betel nut peel waste, material composition, mechanical properties, particleboard, physical.Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis sifat fisik dan mekanik papan partikel berdasarkan komposisi bahan baku dan kadar perekat serta interaksi keduanya terhadap kualitas papan partikel yang optimum serta memenuhi standar JIS A 5908-2003. Papan partikel dibuat dengan ukuran 30 cm x 30 cm x 1 cm dengan target kerapatan 0,7 g/cm³. Pengepresan pada suhu 140°C selama 8 menit dengan tekanan 25 kg/cm². Perbandingan komposisi kulit buah pinang dan serbuk kayu gergaji bervariasi yaitu kulit buah pinang 60% : serbuk kayu gergaji 40%, kulit buah pinang 50% : serbuk kayu gergaji 50% dan kulit buah pinang 40% : serbuk kayu gergaji 60%. Perekat yang digunakan adalah Urea Formaldehida dengan konsentrasi 12%, 14% dan 16%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan semua nilai uji memenuhi standar JIS A 5908 : 2003 kecuali uji MOE. Nilai papan partikel kulit buah pinang dan serbuk kayu gergaji optimum dengan perbandingan komposisi kulit buah pinang 50% : serbuk kayu gergaji 50%, kadar perekat 16%, dengan nilai densitas 0,6876 g/cm³, kadar air 9,4530%, daya serap air 34,5306%, pengembangan tebal 8,2508%, MOE 12432,6243 kg/cm², MOR 205,8462 kg/cm², Keteguhan rekat 2,2530 kg/cm², kekuatan menahan sekrup 81,6861 kg/cm².Kata kunci : papan partikel, kadar perekat, kulit buah pinang, komposisi bahan, sifat fisik dan mekanik.

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Legume Cover Crops as One of the Elements of Strategic Weed Management and Soil Quality Improvement. A Review

Agriculture ◽

10.3390/agriculture10090394 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. 394

Author(s):

Anna Kocira ◽

Mariola Staniak ◽

Marzena Tomaszewska ◽

Rafał Kornas ◽

Jacek Cymerman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Nitrogen Content ◽

Cover Crops ◽

Weed Management ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Weed Infestation ◽

Soil Quality Improvement ◽

Potential Impact ◽

Positive Effect

The benefits of conservation practices increased the interest of farmers in the cultivation of cover crops (CCs). This review aims to present and analyze the state of the art on the cultivation of legume CCs, including their importance in protecting crops against weeds, as well as their effects on organic matter and nitrogen content in the soil, physical and biological properties of the soil, and its erosion. The multi-purpose character of legume CCs is visible in their positive effect on reducing weed infestation, but also on the soil: reducing its compaction and erosion, improving its structural and hydraulic properties, increasing the content of organic matter and activity of soil microorganisms, or increasing its nitrogen content due to symbiotic N2 fixing. This review demonstrates that a wider use of legume CCs in organic farming is needed. The benefits of legume CCs for successive crops in these cultivation conditions, both in terms of inhibiting weed populations and improving fertility and soil properties, also need to be identified. Further research is also needed to determine the potential impact of legume CCs on the improvement of the quality of degraded soils, or those with less favorable physicochemical properties.

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Increasing the Durability of Asphalt Pavement - the Road to Road Safety

MATEC Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/matecconf/202133401027 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 334 ◽

pp. 01027

Author(s):

Valentina Yadykina ◽

Rashid Sharapov ◽

Christina Pashkova ◽

Anatoly Gridchin ◽

Anna Trautvain

Keyword(s):

Asphalt Concrete ◽

Road Safety ◽

Water Resistance ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Softening Temperature ◽

The Road ◽

Fatigue Durability ◽

The Impact ◽

Positive Effect

Based on literature data, the paper analyzed the impact of transport operational indicators related to the quality of road surface coverage on road safety. It presented the results of experimental studies on the effect of the road adhesion cationic thermostable additive on the properties of bitumen and asphalt concrete. The authors identified that the introduction of this additive leads to an increase in the viscosity and softening temperature of bitumen, its adhesion to mineral materials, which has a positive effect on strength, water resistance, shear stability, crack resistance, fatigue durability of asphalt concrete. The conclusion was made about the regularity of improving road safety, related to the improvement of the quality of the pavement, arranged from asphalt concrete with the application of the tested additive.

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CHARACTERISTICS OF DEMINERALIZED GELATIN FROM LIZARDFISH (Saurida spp.) SCALES USING NaOH-NaCl SOLUTION

Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan ◽

10.15294/jbat.v6i2.9621 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 132-142

Author(s):

Dyah H Wardhani ◽

Esti Rahmawati ◽

Ghozi Tsany Arifin ◽

Heri Cahyono

Keyword(s):

Moisture Content ◽

Physical Properties ◽

Opposite Effect ◽

Gel Strength ◽

Ash Content ◽

Nacl Solution ◽

High Quality ◽

Nacl Concentration ◽

Positive Effect

Demineralization is required to reduce the ash content of gelatin. Previous studies have confirmed the high quality of gelatin was produced after demineralized using combination of NaCl and aqueous NaOH. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of NaCl on the properties of gelatin from Lizardfish (Saurida spp.) scales. The cleaned scales was demineralized using a mixture of NaOH 0.5% and NaCl (0- 0.8%), at various temperatures (45, 65, 86oC) and time (30, 60, 90 and 150 minutes). The obtained samples was determined by ash content, pH, the lightness and moisture content. Addition of NaCl reduced the ash, pH and moisture content but increased the whiteness. Gelatin physical properties increased inline with NaCl concentration. Extended demineralized period gave a positive effect on ash, pH and moisture content but opposite effect was observed in the lightness and physical properties. Extended demineralization periods in high temperature reduced gelatin quality. The highest gel strength was found at demineralization for 150 min at 65oC using a combination of NaOH 0.5% and NaCl 0.8%. At this condition, the gelatin has 10%, 1,7%, 248 bloom, and 7,1 cP of moisture content, ash, gel strength and viscosity, respectively, which fulfil SNI 06.3735.1995.

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Weight is a key factor in the physiological quality of Parapiptadenia rigida seeds

Pesquisa Florestal Brasileira ◽

10.4336/2018.pfb.38e201701501 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 38 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Cleber Witt Saldanha ◽

Evandro Luiz Missio ◽

Gerusa Pauli Kist Steffen ◽

Joseila Maldaner ◽

Rosana Matos de Morais

Keyword(s):

Moisture Content ◽

Water Absorption ◽

Absorption Rate ◽

Control Group ◽

Absorption Intensity ◽

Eucalyptus Dunnii ◽

Key Factor ◽

Termite Attack ◽

Physiological Quality

The objective of this work was to evaluate hygroscopicity modification of Eucalyptus dunnii, E. saligna and Corymbia maculata wood due to termites attack. Using samples measuring 20 x 20 x 150 mm³ (tangential x radial x longitudinal) the equilibrium moisture content (MCE), linear contractions of the tangential and radial planes (βT e βR), contraction anisotropy (CAβ), water absorption (AA) and water absorption rate (TAA) of healthy and deteriorated wood by Nasutitermes termites were evaluated. It was verified that the termite attack caused increase in TUE and reduction in βT. However, βR and CAβ presented different behaviors, varying among the different species. AA and TAA presented higher water absorption intensity in the first hours of immersion, being higher in the control group in comparison with the deteriorated samples. Possibly the variations in the parameters related to the wood hygroscopicity of the studied species are correlated to the increase of porosity and deterioration mainly of cellulose and hemicelluloses, directly affecting the wood's ability to absorb and lose moisture, compromising the material quality.

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Potensi Karton Bekas Minuman sebagai Komposit PolyAl-Fiber

JURNAL SELULOSA ◽

10.25269/jsel.v10i01.293 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (01) ◽

pp. 21

Author(s):

Andri Taufick Rizaluddin ◽

Ike Rostika ◽

Reza Bastari Imran Wattimena

Keyword(s):

Moisture Content ◽

Water Absorption ◽

Bending Strength ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Fiber Composite ◽

Fiber Composites ◽

Wood Composite ◽

Hot Press ◽

Bending Modulus

Dalam rangka penanggulangan limbah karton bekas minuman (KBM), telah dikembangkan proses daur ulang untuk mengembalikannya menjadi bahan baku. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui potensi pemanfaatan KBM sebagai bahan baku komposit yang lebih tahan air, dan membandingkannya dengan spesifikasi teknis produk sejenis. Pembuatan komposit dilakukan dengan pemanasan menggunakan alat hot press pada suhu 165oC dan tekanan 25-30 kg/cm2 selama 10 menit. Produk komposit yang diperoleh memiliki nilai bending strength 12,78 MPa, bending modulus 11,60 GPa, flammability 3 cm/menit, daya serap air 2,1-14,1%, kadar air 0,9-1,9%, dan rapat massa 0,68-0,94 g/cm3, pada ketebalan 2,5-3,5 mm. Komposit PolyAl-fiber dapat memenuhi persyaratan standar papan serat, papan partikel maupun komposit kayu plastik tanpa penambahan bahan maupun proses lain, yang mengindikasikan komposit PolyAl-fiber memiliki potensi untuk digunakan dalam berbagai keperluan sejenis. Komposit PolyAl-fiber akan dapat menghasilkan papan komposit dengan kualitas lebih baik, karena lebih fleksibel, lebih tahan air, dan lebih tahan api bila dibandingkan dengan produk lain yang terbuat dari bahan baku kayu atau biomassa.Potential of Used Beverages Cartons for PolyAl-Fiber Composite AbstractVarious recycling processes have been developed to overcome the problem of used beverage carton (UBC) waste. Research was conducted to determine the potential utilization of UBC as a material for more waterproof composite and compared it to similar products. The composites were made using hot press machine at temperature of 165oC and pressure of 25-30 kg/cm2 for 10 minutes with 5% - 30% fiber content. The PolyAl-fiber composite obtained had bending strength of 12.78 MPa, bending modulus of 11.60 GPa, flammability of 3 cm/min, water absorption of 2.1-14.1%, moisture content of 0.9-1.9%, and density of 0.68-0.94 g/cm3, at thickness of 2.5-3.5 mm. The PolyAl-fiber composite could meet the requirements for fiberboard, particleboard, or plastic wood composite standards without extra additives or treatment to the raw materials, indicating that it could be used for similar purposes. The PolyAl-fiber composites may able to produce a better quality of composite boards, due to their flexible, waterproof, and fire-resistant characteristics compared to similar products made from wood or

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