scholarly journals Assessment of Efficiency of Eco-Friendly Organic Mosquito Repellent Developed using Elephant Dung

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4S2) ◽  
pp. 459-462
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Fever ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Mosquito Repellent ◽  
Resistance To Insects ◽  
Neem Leaves ◽  
Mosquito Repellents ◽  
Corneal Damage ◽  
Account Due ◽  
Cage Test ◽  
Elephant Dung

Mosquitoes transmit a range of infectious agents that affects human health. Malaria, dengue fever, yellow fever and other mosquito-borne diseases infect countless individuals and account for thousands of deaths annually, causing a large burden to public health and on the economic process of developing countries. At present, concerning 40% of the world’s populations mainly in India live in areas where the chance of dengue fever transmission is most. High rate of reproduction and lack of effective vaccines against several mosquito-borne pathogens makes us extremely addicted to the utilization of insecticides to manage the mosquito populations so as to prevent illness due to transmission. Mosquito repellents mainly consist of pyrethroids that lead to hyper excitation of nervous systems and its prolong usage results in corneal damage, liver damage and asthma. Hence, need for the development of the most effective organic herbal insect repellent must be taken into account due to the toxicity issues, together with the increased incidence of resistance to insects. In this perspective, the present study aimed to develop an eco-friendly mosquito repellent as an alternative for chemical repellent using elephant dung and other natural resources and to assess the efficiency of the organic repellant compared to commercial repellent. Elephant dung has being employed for fuel supply, biofertilizer and paper production. Natural ingredients like Nerium flowers, Tulsi, Neem leaves, Lemon grass oil and Natural loban were used in combination with the elephant dung to reinforce the potency of the mosquito repellent. Smoke toxicity of organic mosquito repellent was evaluated. Emission test for commercial and developed repellent was also compared and it is evident that there is 57% reduction in the carbon-di-oxide emission from developed repellent than commercial repellent and there are no traces of emission of carbon monoxide from the developed repellent. Also, cage test proves that the developed mosquito repellent is highly efficient against mosquitoes and hence can be more effectively used for control of mosquitoes.

Computational Approaches for the Design of Mosquito Repellent Chemicals

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subhash C. Basak ◽  
Apurba K. Bhattacharjee
Keyword(s):  
Computational Design ◽  
Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Quantitative Structure ◽  
Mosquito Repellent ◽  
Computational Approaches ◽  
Qsar Studies ◽  
Computer Assisted Design ◽  
Structure Activity ◽  
Mosquito Repellents

Background: In view of many current mosquito-borne diseases there is a need for the design of novel repellents. Objective: The objective of this article is to review the results of the researches carried out by the authors in the computer-assisted design of novel mosquito repellents. Methods: Two methods in the computational design of repellents have been discussed: a) Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship (QSAR) studies from a set of repellents structurally related to DEET using computed mathematical descriptors, and b) Pharmacophore based modeling for design and discovery of novel repellent compounds including virtual screening of compound databases and synthesis of novel analogues. Results: Effective QSARs could be developed using mathematical structural descriptors. The pharmacophore based method is an effective tool for the discovery of new repellent molecules. Conclusion: Results reviewed in this article show that both QSAR and pharmacophore based methods can be used to design novel repellent molecules.

pHEMA hydrogels with pendant triazinyl-β-cyclodextrin as an efficient and recyclable reservoir for loading and release of plant-based mosquito repellents: a new aqueous mosquito repellent formulation

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (33) ◽  
pp. 27301-27312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wang Delong ◽  
Ma Weibin ◽  
Jia Mingchen ◽  
Yang Zhonglin ◽  
Feng Juntao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate ◽  
Mosquito Repellent ◽  
Mosquito Repellents

Poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) hydrogels with pendant β-cyclodextrins as an efficient and recyclable reservoir for loading and release of plant-based mosquito repellents.

scholarly journals Pelatihan Pemamfaatan Pestisida alami Berbahan lokal untuk Pencegahan Vektor Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) di Kelurahan Kelapa Lima Kota Kupang

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Annytha - Detha
Keyword(s):  
Community Service ◽  
Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Public Understanding ◽  
Mosquito Repellent ◽  
Counseling Training ◽  
The Public ◽  
Service Activity ◽  
Mosquito Repellents

Community Service Activities have been carried out in Kelapa Lima Village. This activity aims to provide information and knowledge to the public about the dangers of dengue hemorrhagic fever and its preventive measures through the use of potential mosquito repellent plants. Mosquito repellent plants can be found in the yard of the house so that the community can provide land in the yard of their house to plant these plants that have the potential to act as mosquito repellent. The method used in this service activity is in the form of counseling, training, and cultivating plants as an anti-mosquito agent that causes dengue hemorrhagic fever. The conclusion obtained is an increase in the knowledge of the public's understanding of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever, an increase in public understanding of the bio-ecology of the vector that causes dengue hemorrhagic fever, utilizing plants that have the potential to act as mosquito repellents.

Chemical Composition and Repellent Activity against Mosquito Aedes Aegypti of Pelargonium radula, Syzygiumaromaticum and Citrus aurantifolia Essential Oils

2020 ◽  
Vol 981 ◽  
pp. 253-257
Author(s):  
Hazrulrizawati Abd Hamid ◽  
Nishantini Silvarajoo ◽  
Nurulhusna Ab. Hamid
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Yellow Fever ◽  
Repellent Activity ◽  
Mosquito Repellent ◽  
Citrus Aurantifolia ◽  
Frequent Use

The mosquito Aedes aegypti is an epidemic vector of several diseases such as dengue fever and yellow fever. Several pesticides are used to control the mosquito population. Because of their frequent use, some mosquitoes have developed resistance. In the present study, we evaluated the synergistic mosquito-repellent activity of essential oils from Pelargonium radula, Syzgium aromaticum and Citrus aurantifolia against Aedes aegypti by using Y-tube olfactometer. The oils was subsequently analyzed by using GC–MS. These results clearly reveal that the essential oil of C. aurantifolia served as the most potent repellent agent against Aedes aegypti . The results indicate that three constituents; limonene (19.58%) followed by β–pinene (17.12%), geraniol (13.23%) which comprise a large proportion of the C. aurantifolia are likely responsible for the observed repellent activity.

scholarly journals Severe dyspnea and uncontrolled seizures following meperfluthrin poisoning: a case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shengkun Zheng ◽  
Shengxin Zhang ◽  
Shaoxian Hong ◽  
Qing Lou
Keyword(s):  
Supportive Therapy ◽  
Severe Pneumonia ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Mosquito Repellent ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Neurotoxic Effects ◽  
History Of ◽  
Mosquito Repellents ◽  
Short Time

Abstract Background Meperfluthrin is a novel sanitary cyhalothrin insecticide invented in China and has increasingly been used to produce liquid mosquito repellents. Oral meperfluthrin poisoning in human has rarely been reported. Here, we reported a case of meperfluthrin poisoning by ingestion of a meperfluthrin-based liquid mosquito repellent in a 16-month-old infant. Case presentation A 16-month-old boy with a history of accident ingestion of meperfluthrin was admitted to our hospital’s emergency department. He exhibited severe dyspnea, and lung radiograph showed multiple patchy and cord-like high-density shadows bilaterally in a short time. He also suffered 35 min of seizures which were finally controlled by the intravenous infusion of propofol. He was diagnosed with meperfluthrin poisoning, status epilepticus and severe pneumonia. After treated with methylprednisolone, aerosolized beclomethasone dipropionate, anti-infection, and some critical supportive therapy, the patient was in good health and showed no symptoms during 12 months of follow-up. Conclusions Meperfluthrin poisoning is rare. Oral meperfluthrin poisoning shows neurotoxic effects and pulmonary toxicity. Controlling seizures rapidly and ensuring an adequate oxygen supply are critical to the successful treatment.

scholarly journals In Silico Molecular Modeling & Docking of Phytochemical Compounds with Odorant Binding Proteins (OBP1) of Culex Quinquefasciatus.

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 2847-2851
Keyword(s):  
Culex Quinquefasciatus ◽  
Binding Proteins ◽  
Binding Energies ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Mosquito Repellent ◽  
Odorant Binding Proteins ◽  
Insect Repellents ◽  
Phytochemical Compounds ◽  
Mosquito Repellents ◽  
Odorant Binding

Malaria, Dengue Fever, West Nile Encephalities, Sleeping Sickness, Leishmaniasis, Japanese encephalitis (JE) are the widest large range of diseases causing highest mortality to human beings at Global level and they belong to the group Vector borne diseases (VBD). It is estimated that more than one million deaths were happening every year mostly in tropical regions of South America, Africa & Asia due to these vectors i.e., mosquitoes and mites, which are main disease transporting vectors from one host to another. A remarkable effort has been made to develop various types of insecticides and insect repellents. To control VBD, a bio-defense strategy methods have been employed which were found to be more costly and labour intensive, recurring and time consuming. A new class of repellents were made based on structure based rational approaches of ligand molecules based binding efficiencies with Odorant binding proteins (OBPs) or other olfaction inhibitory compounds with attractive characteristics. But, with very limited knowledge available to screen photo-chemical compounds to design novel mosquito repellents employing a very high-throughput Insilco computational biology methods. Therefore, in this context, we attempted to screen out 3 phytochemicals from different plants exhibiting mosquito repellent activities reported from published literature and various public domains & molecular docking studies, aiming at the Odorant Binding Proteins of Culex quinquefasciatus. The N, N-Diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET) was widely used mosquito repellent chemical chosen as standard reference to validate the binding affinities and specificities of selected compounds aligned with Odoront Binding Proteins. A total of such 50 compounds including DEET were docked against the active site of OBT models or Crystal Structures using AutoDock. Among 5 phytochemical compounds, sum of 3 compounds have resulted in high affinity binding energies & high no of hydrogen-bonds as compared to standard reference of DEET. Among the selected Citronellol, Saponin, and Azadirachtin, are showing the highest docking scores which secure to develop more effective and safer mosquito repellents in future prospect.

scholarly journals FAKTOR PERILAKU DENGAN KEJADIAN DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE (DBD) DI DAERAH ENDEMIS KOTA SEMARANG

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 344
Author(s):  
Dwi Ratna Anggraini ◽  
Syamsul Huda ◽  
Farid Agushybana
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Water Reservoir ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Google Scholar ◽  
Behavioral Factors ◽  
Mosquito Repellent ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Water Reservoirs ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Used Goods

Introduction: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is still an important public health problem. DHF is a contagious disease caused by the Dengue virus and transmitted by mosquito vectors from the Aedes aegypti or Aedes albopictus species.Objective: This literature review aims to determine behavioral factors with the incidence of DHF in endemic areas of Semarang CityMethods: The study used in this article is a literature study that examines various references that are closely related to behavioral factors with the incidence of dengue fever with Google Scholar as a source of article searches, at least 2013 articles from national ISSN articles / journals. There were 50 articles identified by Google Scholar and 6 that met the inclusion criteriaResults: The results of the review of the literature that were reviewed, behavioral factors with the incidence of dengue include the behavior of draining the water reservoir> 1 time a week, closing the water reservoir, burying used items so that they do not become mosquito nests, sowing abate powder in the water reservoir so that there are no larvae, the habit of disturbing clothes so that they can become mosquito nests in the house, installing gauze at home so that mosquitoes cannot enter, using mosquito repellent lotion, good PHBS and good preventive practicesConclusion: Behavioral factors with dengue fever are the behavior of draining water reservoirs, closing water reservoirs, burying used goods, sowing Abate powder, hanging clothes, putting gauze, wearing mosquito repellent lotions, PHBS  and good practices. Keywords: Behavioral factors, incidence of dengue fever

scholarly journals KUALITAS SPERMATOZOA TIKUS WISTAR (Rattus norvegicus) SETELAH PEMAPARAN OBAT NYAMUK ELEKTRIK BERBAHAN AKTIF TRANSFLUTRIN

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elia . ◽  
Lusiana Satiawati ◽  
Janette M. Rumbajan
Keyword(s):  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mosquito Repellent ◽  
Active Ingredients ◽  
Pyrethroid Insecticides ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Testicular Weight ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Mosquito Repellents

Abstract: Transflutrin (C15H12CL2F4O2) is an active substance, a derivative of pyrethroid compounds found in electric mosquito repellent. Previous studies showed that group of pyrethroid insecticides can play a role in causing histological changes in testes, decreased testicular weight and reducing diameter of seminiferous tubules. The purpose of this study was to determine the quality of wistar male sperm that are exposed to electric mosquito repellent with transflutrin as active ingredients. This study is experimental with completely randomized design, conducted for 52 days by using eight wistar which consists of two wistar as controls P0, 3 wistar with exposure to electric insect repellent for 8 hours/day (P1), and 3 other wistar for 12 hours/day (P2). The results of this study, the concentration of spermatozoa in the treatment group P1 and P2 respectively at 54.17 x 106 spermatozoa/ml and 45.5 x 106 spermatozoa / ml, in the control group P0 of 59.25 x 106 spermatozoa/ml. Abnormal sperm motility in P1 and P2 is 40% and 35%, at P0 is 45%. Morphologically normal spermatozoa in P1 and P2 is 49% and 78%. It can be concluded that exposure to electric mosquito repellent with transflutrin as active ingredients causes a decrease in sperm quality.Keywords: electronic mosquito repellents, pyrethroid, transflutrin, male wistar rats, sperm qualityAbstrak: Transflutrin (C15H12CL2F4O2) adalah zat aktif yang merupakan senyawa turunan dari pyrethroid dalam obat nyamuk elektrik. Hasil penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan bahwa insektisida golongan pyrethroid dapat menyebabkan perubahan histologis testis, menurunnya berat testis dan berkurangnya diameter tubulus seminiferus. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kualitas spermatozoa wistar jantan (Rattus norvegicus) yang dipapari obat nyamuk elektrik berbahan aktif transflutrin. Penelitian ini bersifat eksperimental dengan rancangan acak lengkap yang dilakukan selama 52 hari dengan menggunakan sampel sebanyak 8 wistar yang terdiri atas 2 wistar sebagai kontrol (P0), 3 wistar dengan pemaparan obat nyamuk selama 8 jam/hari (P1), dan 3 wistar lainnya selama 12 jam/hari (P2). Hasil dari penelitian ini didapatkan konsentrasi spermatozoa pada kelompok perlakuan P1 dan P2 secara berurutan sebesar 54,17 x 106 spermatozoa/ml dan 45,5 x 106 spermatozoa/ml, pada kelompok kontrol P0 sebesar 59,25 x 106 spermatozoa/ml. Motilitas spermatozoa normal pada P1 dan P2 adalah 40% dan 35%, pada P0 adalah 45%. Morfologi abnormal spermatozoa pada P1 dan P2 adalah 49% dan 78%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemaparan obat nyamuk elektrik berbahan aktif transflutrin menyebabkan penurunan kualitas spermatozoa.Kata kunci: obat nyamuk elektrik, pyrethroid, transflutrin, tikus wistar jantan, kualitas spermatozoa

scholarly journals Dengue Fever and COVID-19 Co-Infection at the Emergency Department of a Tertiary Care Hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdalla Khalil ◽  
Badr Badr ◽  
Harry Wright ◽  
Mohammed Talo ◽  
Mohammad Atteiya
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Febrile Illness ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Full Blood Count ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Serological Screening

Introduction: Co-infection with COVID-19 and other viral or bacterial infections has been described in many studies. Most cases of dengue fever in Saudi Arabia have been reported in Jeddah city and mainly during the summer season. Method and results: We describe four patients who presented to the emergency department with febrile illness accompanied by symptoms and blood tests suggestive of dengue fever. They also had radiological findings suggestive of COVID-19 chest infection and positive PCR tests. Three of the patients required hospital admission, and all had a good outcome. Conclusion: In areas with a high rate of dengue fever, serological screening for dengue fever should be considered as part of COVID-19 investigation, especially if symptoms or a full blood count are suggestive.

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