scholarly journals STUDY ON EFFECT OF PHYSICOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS ON GROWTH OF FUSARIUM EQUISETI (MTCC9658)

2021 ◽  
pp. 53-54
Author(s):  
Arshi Naaj Afsana ◽  
Ajay Kumar Srivastava ◽  
Madhulika Singh
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Production ◽  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Fusarium Equiseti ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Temperature Ranges ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The microorganisms like fungi proliferate in different environmental and ecological conditions depending upon the availability of nutrients and the form of nutrient that they absorb. In addition to this the physical conditions like temperature, pH, salinity and light etc. also effect the growth and biomass production of fungal species. The present study was carried out to determine the effect of variation in physical and chemical parameters on growth and biomass production of the fungal strain Fusarium equiseti (MTCC9658). A maximum biomass yield of 12.24 g/L at pH 5 and temperature of 30ºC was recorded; and minimum of 5.21 g/L at pH 9 and temperature of 25ºC.The observations clearly indicate that pH 9 and above did not support higher biomass production at any of the temperatures,while pH 5 to pH 6 supports higher dry biomass production in all temperature ranges applied.The different carbon and nitrogen sources used in the medium corresponded to variation in growth of the strain. Dextrose in combination with Yeast extract as nitrogen source was best for biomass production.

scholarly journals Growth, sporulation and production of bioactive compounds by Bacillus subtilis R14

2010 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 643-652 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Lacerda Ulysses de Carvalho ◽  
Fábio Henrique Portella Corrêa de Oliveira ◽  
Rosa de Lima Ramos Mariano ◽  
Ester Ribeiro Gouveia ◽  
Ana Maria Souto-Maior
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Anaerobic Respiration ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
High Growth Rate ◽  
Excess Oxygen ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
High Biomass Yield ◽  
Short Transition

The physiology of B. subtilis R14 was investigated in minimal medium under excess-oxygen and oxygen-limited conditions. Growth and efficient sporulation could be achieved in excess-oxygen culture on medium with readily metabolizable carbon and nitrogen sources, which allowed high growth rate and high biomass yield. A short transition phase between the exponential growth and sporulation could be attained by formulating a medium with a well-balanced C/N ratio. Under oxygen-limitation, but in the presence of essential nutrients (i.e. excess-nutrient cultivation), B. subtilis R14 produced bioactive compounds, which showed activity against several phytopathogenic bacteria. Under anaerobic condition, the organism did not grow neither through fermentation nor anaerobic respiration. However, addition of pyruvate to the medium allowed its growth through fermentation and anaerobic respiration. The knowledge acquired in this work could be relevant both for the design of a production process as well as for the formulation of an effective commercial biocontrol product.

scholarly journals Growth responses of aquatic hyphomycetes to different sources of carbon and nitrogen

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saraswati Bisht
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Aquatic Hyphomycetes ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Fungal Isolates ◽  
Different Sources

Assessment of different sources of carbon and nitrogen in terms of dry weight biomass of four selected aquatic hyphomycetes viz; Flagellospora penicilloides Ingold, Pestalotiopsis submersus Sati and Tiwari, Tetrachaetum elegans Ingold and Tetracladium marchalianum De Wildeman was made for their nutritional requirements. Eight carbon sources and ten nitrogen sources were singly added to the basal media in order to provide 4g of carbon and 1g of nitrogen per litre of distilled water. Among carbon compounds glucose and sucrose were found to be most suitable sources of carbon for all the four fungal isolates, where as fructose proved good for T. marchalianum, P. submersus and F.penicilloides fairly. Cellulose was found a poor source of carbon for the growth of all these isolates. The inorganic sources of nitrogen were found as good nitrogen sources with preference for ammonium ions. Suitability of amino acids was found variable from species to species for nitrogen. T.elegans and T.marchalianum had their maximum growth in asparagines, whereas, P. submersus had their highest growth in proline. Cysteine was observed as a good source of nitrogen for almost all the fungal isolates used. Anova calculated for these observed data showed significant variations in the dry weight production of different fungal species grown in different sources of carbon and nitrogen(P<0.01).

scholarly journals Optimization of Propagation Medium for Enhanced Polyhydroxyalkanoate Production by Pseudomonas oleovorans

Fermentation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Daniela Chmelová ◽  
Barbora Legerská ◽  
Miroslav Ondrejovič ◽  
Stanislav Miertuš
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Synthetic Medium ◽  
Ammonium Phosphate ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Pseudomonas Oleovorans ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Medium Chain Length ◽  
Propagation Medium ◽  
Carbon Excess

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) represent a promising alternative to commercially used petroleum-based plastics. Pseudomonas oleovorans is a natural producer of medium-chain-length PHA (mcl-PHA) under cultivation conditions with nitrogen limitation and carbon excess. Two-step cultivation appears to be an efficient but more expensive method of PHA production. Therefore, the aim of this work was to prepare a minimal synthetic medium for maximum biomass yield and to optimize selected independent variables by response surface methodology (RSM). The highest biomass yield (1.71 ± 0.04 g/L) was achieved in the optimized medium containing 8.4 g/L glucose, 5.7 g/L sodium ammonium phosphate and 35.4 mM phosphate buffer. Under these conditions, both carbon and nitrogen sources were completely consumed after 48 h of the cultivation and the biomass yield was 1.7-fold higher than in the conventional medium recommended by the literature. This approach demonstrates the possibility of using two-stage PHA cultivation to obtain the maximum amount of biomass and PHA.

scholarly journals Nutrient and Physiological Requirements for Biomass Production of Pestalotiopsis sp. UMAS P14 and Pseudopestalotiopsis sp. UMAS P2005/2592

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-42
Author(s):  
Lateef Adebola Azeez ◽  
Sepiah Muid ◽  
Mohamad Hasnul Bolhassan
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Source ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Ammonium Tartrate ◽  
Mycelial Biomass ◽  
Biotechnological Applications ◽  
Light Conditions ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Growth Requirements

Fungi are important decomposers in our ecosystem and are useful in metabolite production, bio-degradation and bio-sorption of different substrates and wastes through their mycelial biomass. Fungal species are known to have different preferences for their growth requirements. Two fungal species Pestalotiopsis and Pseudopestalotiopsis useful in many biotechnological applications were studied. Nutrient and physiological requirements for mycelial biomass production such as carbon and nitrogen, pH, light and temperature were investigated. Both fungal isolates were grown in liquid basal medium supplemented separately with various carbon and nitrogen source and incubated under different light, pH and temperature conditions for 15 days. In general, Pestalotiopsis sp. and Pseudopestalotiopsis sp. showed significant preferences for monosaccharide and disaccharide carbon source as compared to sugar alcohols and polysaccharides, whereas ammonium tartrate was more preferred as a nitrogen source compared to ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulphate and other ammonium salts. These two fungal species were able to grow and produce good mycelial biomass (223.33 mg for Pseudopestalotiopsis and 136.67 mg for Pestalotiopsis) at temperature range of 15°C to 30°C and (290.00 mg for Pseudopestalotiopsis and 256.67 mg for Pestalotiopsis) on media pH of slightly acidic to slightly alkaline. However, they showed no significant preferences between constant light, total darkness and alternate light conditions. The results from this study will be very useful for the mycelial biomass production of Pestalotiopsis sp. and Pseudopestalotiopsis sp. for their biotechnological applications.

scholarly journals Sıvı Kültürde Lepista Nuda Tarafından Miselyal Biyokütle ve Ekzopolisakkarit Üretimi İçin Karbon ve Azot Kaynaklarının Belirlenmesi

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 581
Author(s):  
Murat Özdal
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Production ◽  
Submerged Culture ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Edible Mushroom ◽  
Mycelial Biomass ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Medium Carbon ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Initial Medium ◽  
Optimized Conditions

In the present study, Lepista nuda, an edible mushroom, was used for the production of exopolysaccharide in the submerged culture. The effects of initial medium carbon and nitrogen sources on exopolysaccharide and mycelial biomass production by L. nuda IT strain were investigated. The highest exopolysaccharide production was obtained when culture parameters were used as initial medium 50 g/L glucose and 5 g/L yeast extract. As a result, 2.12 g/L exopolysaccharide and 12.3 g/L biomass production in optimized conditions at flask scales were achieved. This is the first study showing the production of exopolysaccharide in liquid culture of Lepista nuda.

scholarly journals Screening of Penicillium Species and Optimisation of Culture Conditions for the Production of Ergot Alkaloids Using Surface Culture Fermentation Process

2015 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
Memuna Ghafoor Shahid ◽  
Muhammad Nadeem
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Ergot Alkaloids ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Fermentation Medium ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Surface Culture ◽  
Penicillium Species ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Culture Process

The present study deals with the screening of fungal species and suitable fermentation medium for the production of ergot alkaloids. Various species of genus Penicillium were grown on differentfermentation media by employing surface culture fermentation technique to achieve the most suitable medium and the best Penicillium sp. The results showed that medium M5 gave maximum yield withPenicillium commune. Different culture conditions such as effect of different carbon and nitrogen sources, their concentration levels, different pH values and sizes of inoculum on the production of ergot alkaloids were also studied to improve the yield. Maximum production of ergot alkaloids (4.32 mg/L) was achieved with 15 mL spore suspension at pH 5 in fermentation medium containing 35% (w/v) sucrose. All these  results indicate that culture conditions are very much crucial to improve the yield of ergot alkaloids produced by Penicillium commune through surface culture process. 

Effect of Environmental and Nutritional Parameters on the Extracellular Lipase Production by Aspergillus niger

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 ◽  
pp. 18-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed I. El-Batal ◽  
Ayman A. Farrag ◽  
Mohamed A. Elsayed ◽  
Ahmed M. El-Khawaga
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Lipase Production ◽  
Extracellular Lipase ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Physical And Chemical Parameters ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Abstract- The present investigation was carried out to evaluate the effect of different growth conditions on lipase production byAspegillus niger. The extracellular lipase producing fungus was isolated from spent bleaching earths. Optimization of physical and chemical parameters was done for maximum lipase production using this isolate. Growth of the organism and lipase production were measured usig varying pH (4 – 9), incubation temperature (20 – 30 °C), incubation time (8 – 80 hrs.), carbon sources, nitrogen sources, and shaking speed. Enhanced lipase production was observed at 24 °C, pH 7 and after 72hrs of incubation. Olive oil 5 % was observed as the most effective carbon source and Yeast extract 1.0 % as the most effective nitrogen source for lipase production. The optimum shaking value to get maximum lipase activity byAspergillusnigerwas 200 rpm.

scholarly journals Response of Cold-Tolerant Aspergillus spp. to Solubilization of Fe and Al Phosphate in Presence of Different Nutritional Sources

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Rinu ◽  
Mukesh Kumar Malviya ◽  
Priyanka Sati ◽  
S. C. Tiwari ◽  
Anita Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Phosphate Solubilization ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Iron Phosphate ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Aluminium Phosphate ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Phosphate Solubilizing

Three species of Aspergillus, namely, A. niger, A. glaucus and A. sydowii, isolated from soil samples collected from the Indian Himalayan Region (IHR), have been investigated for solubilization of aluminium phosphate and iron phosphate in the presence of different carbon and nitrogen sources. Preference of each fungal species varied for nitrogen and carbon sources, in terms of phosphate-solubilization. Among three species, Aspergillus niger gave the best results; it solubilized 32% and 8% of the supplemented aluminium phosphate and iron phosphate, respectively. The results indicated that the effect of carbon and nitrogen sources can influence the phosphate solubilizing efficiency of all the three Aspergillus spp. tested. All the three species were found to be plant-growth promoters in bioassays conducted under greenhouse conditions. The Al and Fe phosphate solubilization efficiency, investigated in the present study, is at the lower end of their previously reported tricalcium phosphate solubilization efficiency. The cultures are likely to have better field applications in agrobiotechnology, due to their potential towards solubilization of Al and Fe phosphates, which are known to have lower solubility through microbial activity.

scholarly journals Isolation and Selection of Purple Non-Sulfur Bacteria for Nutrient Rich Biomass Production from Wastes

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Do Binh Minh ◽  
Pham The Hai
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Production ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Pond Water ◽  
The Other ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Sulfur Bacteria ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Excessive Nutrients

Purple nonsulfur bacteria (PNSB) are anoxygenic photosynthetic bacteria, which are able to photoheterotrophically grow in the presence of excessive nutrients. Hence, PNSB can convert organic components, in waste waters into nutrient rich biomass. This suggests the feasibility of converting wastes into valuable products. In this research, method for isolation of PNSB was optimized, and subsequently used for the isolation of  PNSB from domestic waste and pond water samples taken in Hanoi. In addition, the effects of carbon and nitrogen sources and types of waste on biomass and nutrients (protein and carotenes) were also investigated. Four PNSB strains were isolated and based on comparative 16S rDNA analysis and their morphological characteristics, they were identified as Rhodobacter (Rb.) capsulatus, Rhodobacter (Rb.) sphaeroides, Rhodobacter (Rb.) sediminis and Rhodopseudomonas (Rp.) palustris. In terms of the effects of carbon and nitrogen sources on their biomass and nutrient production, glucose or maltose and ammonium chloride or urea were found to be more enhancive than starch and peptone, respectively. Among the studied strains, Rb. capsulatus MD1 and Rb. sphaeroides MD3 showed significantly higher biomass production (up to 0.7 g/l) when growing with various carbon and nitrogen sources, in comparison with the other strains. Moreover,  MD1 and MD3 also produced at least four-fold more carotenoid and up to two-fold more protein in tofu processing wastewater compared with the other wastewater. The results suggest potential applications of the PNSB strains for efficient conversions of organic compounds in wastes into biomass of high nutritional values.  

Biotechnological Production of Statins: Metabolic Aspects and Genetic Approaches

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (15) ◽  
pp. 1244-1259
Author(s):  
Roberval N.M. Neto ◽  
Edelvio de Barros Gomes ◽  
Lucas Weba-Soares ◽  
Léo R.L. Dias ◽  
Luís C.N. da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
The United States ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Biotechnological Production ◽  
Bioprocess Optimization ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Genetic Manipulations ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Class Play

Statins are drugs used for people with abnormal lipid levels (hyperlipidemia) and are among the best-selling medications in the United States. Thus, the aspects related to the production of these drugs are of extreme importance for the pharmaceutical industry. Herein, we provide a non-exhaustive review of fungal species used to produce statin and highlighted the major factors affecting the efficacy of this process. The current biotechnological approaches and the advances of a metabolic engineer to improve statins production are also emphasized. The biotechnological production of the main statins (lovastatin, pravastatin and simvastatin) uses different species of filamentous fungi, for example Aspergillus terreus. The statins production is influenced by different types of nutrients available in the medium such as the carbon and nitrogen sources, and several researches have focused their efforts to find the optimal cultivation conditions. Enzymes belonging to Lov class, play essential roles in statin production and have been targeted to genetic manipulations in order to improve the efficiency for Lovastatin and Simvastatin production. For instance, Escherichia coli strains expressing the LovD have been successfully used for lovastatin production. Other examples include the use of iRNA targeting LovF of A. terreus. Therefore, fungi are important allies in the fight against hyperlipidemias. Although many studies have been conducted, investigations on bioprocess optimization (using both native or genetic- modified strains) still necessary.

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