Mycobacteriosis of the lungs: difficulties of diagnosis and treatment (literature review)

MedAlliance ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-31
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
British Thoracic Society ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Clinical Recommendations ◽  
The World

This review presents the literature data on classification of non-tuberculosis mycobacteria, prevalence, epidemio­logy, clinical picture. The analysis of the research results reveals the prevalence of mycobacteriosis in the world, the main ways of transmission. Some data of clinical recommendations of the British thoracic society (BTS) 2017 on the algorithm of examination and diagnosis of mycobacteriosis are presented. Treatment of mycobacteriosis is a difficult task, the effectiveness of therapy remains extremely low. According to the British researchers, the proportion of patients with mycobacteriosis caused by MAC, M. malmoense, M. xenopi, who received various regimens of therapy and completely completed the course of treatment with positive clinical and laboratory dynamics, as well as did not have relapses within a year after treatment, is only 28%. According to other studies involving patients with specific types of NTMB, the effectiveness of therapy ranges from 30–50% for diseases caused by M. abscessus, 50–70% for MAS and about 80–90% for M. malmoense and M. Kansasii.

Ocular Tuberculosis: Clinics, Diagnosis and Treatment (Literature Review)

The Eye ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-45
Author(s):  
O. E. Russkikh ◽  
N. Y. Nikolenko
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Ocular Tuberculosis ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Serious Disease ◽  
Suggested Classification

Ocular tuberculosis is a serious disease with a long recurrent course, often leading to a significant decrease in the visual functions and quality of life of patients as well as disability. In recent years, the incidence rate of the ocular tuberculosis in the Russian Federation has been declining: in 2016, according to a number of authors, its incidence amounted to 5.2%.Purpose. To systematize literature data on the topic of ocular tuberculosis.Materials and methods. We reviewed literature available on elibrary.ru, cyberleninka.ru websites and in “Clinical Ophthalmology” journal. Results. We suggested classification of the ocular tuberculosis lesions, analyzed modern diagnostic methods and treatment regimens and evaluated their effectiveness.Conclusions. Literature review revealed that in order to improve the quality of detection, diagnosis and treatment of ocular tuberculosis, joint efforts of ophthalmologists and phthisiologists as well as use of modern methods of tuberculinodiagnosis are essential.

scholarly journals Cutaneous manifestations in children with the new coronavirus infection COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-24
Author(s):  
O. B. Tamrazova ◽  
A. S. Stadnikova ◽  
E. V. Rudikova
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Cutaneous Manifestations ◽  
Skin Manifestations ◽  
The World ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

In late 2019, a new viral infection appeared in China, which spread around the world, causing a pandemic. The causative agent of the new coronavirus infection COVID-19 is the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus. The review presents modern data on the epidemiology, pathogenesis and course of the novel coronavirus infection COVID-19 in children. Chinese, American and European scientists have described a variety of cutaneous manifestations in children with COVID-19. The article provides a literature review of the cutaneous manifestations of COVID-19 coronavirus infection in children. During our own observation of 301 patients with coronavirus infection COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 at the Bashlyaevs Children Hospital in Moscow from May 17 to November 16, 2020, it was revealed that 39 (13 %) patients had skin manifestations. The article presents a classification of skin manifestations characteristic of COVID-19. A brief description of each group is given.

scholarly journals Kepemimpinan Pendidikan Islam dalam Pemikiran Al-Ghazali

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-209
Author(s):  
Moh Takwil
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Role Model ◽  
Islamic Education ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Educational Goals ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Managerial Skills ◽  
The World

Whether or not Islamic education is highly dependent on the quality of leadership that is in it, an Islamic education leader must be able to direct his lead to achieve educational goals. In this journal discusses Al-Ghazali's thoughts about ideal leadership in Islamic education. This study uses literature review through primary sources from Al-Ghazali's thought books and secondary from various sources, then analyzed and criticized using content analysis. The research results obtained are that in substance the leadership must always aim to achieve the pleasure of Allah Almighty. Al-Ghazali always puts on all activities aimed at achieving the pleasure of Allah Almighty. There are four basic components of personal leaders in the world of Islamic education. First he must have managerial skills that are able to make planning, organizing, implementing and evaluating. Second, he must have a trustful and responsible nature. Third, he must be a role model, which is a good example so that his leadership feels comfortable carrying out his orders. The fourth is always in running the leadership bound by syara law.

scholarly journals BENTUK ISLAM FAKTUAL: KARAKTER DAN TIPOLOGI ISLAM INDONESIA

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 199
Author(s):  
Irham Yuwanamu
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Cultural Background ◽  
Research Results ◽  
The Social ◽  
Clifford Geertz ◽  
The World ◽  
Materials Research ◽  
Transnational Islam ◽  
Object Of Study

<p>Artikel<strong> </strong>ini<strong> </strong>berupaya menjelaskan terkait dengan Islam faktual sebagai keniscayaan yang terjadi kepada umat Islam. Bahwasanya Islam faktual merupakan bentuk keberagamaan umat muslim di dunia yang dapat dipengaruhi oleh latar sosial dan budaya masyarakat. Islam faktual dapat terjadi perbedaan di antara umat muslim yang satu dengan yang lainnya. Dalam artikel ini Islam faktual yang menjadi kajian adalah Islam Indonesia. Pertanyaan yang ingin dijawab adalah bagaimana karakter dan tipologi Islam Indonesia? Kesimpulan yang ditemukannya, bahwa karakter Islam Indonesia adalah <em>wasatiyah</em> dan tipologinya adalah akomodatif dengan sosio-kultur di masyarakat. Kemudian tipologi yang dikemukakan oleh Clifford Geertz dalam hal ini sudah tidak relevan lagi, khususnya untuk menggambarkan Islam Jawa sebagai contoh Islam Indonesia. Selanjutnya era kontemporer ini Islam Indonesia sebagian kecil mengalami pergeseran orientasi ke arah Islam transnasional, yakni Islam yang <em>bermanhaj</em> <em>salafi</em>. Artikel ini merupakan sebuah kajian literatur yang menggunakan bahan-bahan hasil penelitian terkait dengan tema yang menjadi objek kajian. </p><p> </p><p>This article efforts to explain the associated with Islam factual as a necessity that happened to the Muslims. That Islam factual is a form of religious Muslims in the world who could be affected by the social and cultural background. Islam factual can occur differences between Muslims with each other. In this article the Islam factual  become to be studied is Islam Indonesian. Questions to be answered is how the characters and the typology of Indonesian Islam? The conclusion that the discovery, that the character of Islam Indonesian is wasatiyah and typology is accommodating to the socio-culture in society. Then typology proposed by Clifford Geertz in this case was no longer relevant, particularly to describe Islam Java as an example. Furthermore, this contemporary era Islam Indonesian in part experienced a shift in orientation toward transnational Islam, namely that Islam salafi manhaj. This article is a literature review using materials research results related to the theme that became the object of study.</p>

scholarly journals Prediction Markets – A literature review 2014

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Franz Horn ◽  
Bjoern Sven Ivens ◽  
Michael Ohneberg ◽  
Alexander Brem
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Classification Scheme ◽  
Prediction Markets ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Law And Policy ◽  
Function Tests ◽  
Review 2014 ◽  
Number Of Publications

In recent years, Prediction Markets gained growing interest as a forecasting tool among researchers as well as practitioners, which resulted in an increasing number of publications. In order to track the latest development of research, comprising the extent and focus of research, this article provides a comprehensive review and classification of the literature related to the topic of Prediction Markets. Overall, 304 relevant articles, published in the timeframe from 2007 through 2013, were identified and assigned to a herein presented classification scheme, differentiating between descriptive works, articles of theoretical nature, application-oriented studies and articles dealing with the topic of law and policy. The analysis of the research results reveals that more than half of the literature pool deals with the application and actual function tests of Prediction Markets. The results are further compared to two previous works published by Zhao, Wagner and Chen (2008) and Tziralis and Tatsiopoulos (2007a). The article concludes with an extended bibliography section and may therefore serve as a guidance and basis for further research. (250 WORDS)

scholarly journals Early approach of the transversal malocclusions, diagnosis and treatment. Literature review

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Margarita Padilla ◽  
Lina Tello ◽  
Jesús Alberto Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Posterior Crossbite ◽  
The World

Summary: The issue of transversal malocclusions has been widely studied bymany authors around the world and researched from many perspectives: skeletal, muscular, dental andfunctional. Reports describe the different etiologies, complications and compromises ofmalocclusion, leading to a general consensus that, the sooner it is corrected, the less theirconsequences and negative effects on growth and development will be, and good results can beachieved with great long-term stability. Therefore the aim of this paper is to identify through aliterature review, the necessary tools that allow the detection, diagnosis and treatment of thesemalocclusions at an early stage and to prevent severe skeletal asymmetries. Key words: Transversalmalocclusions. Cross-bite. Unilateral posterior crossbite. Bilateral posterior. Crossbite. Planasdirect tracks. Early transverse treatment.

scholarly journals CURRENT ISSUES OF ETIOPATHOGENESIS, CLINICAL PICTURE, DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS (LITERATURE REVIEW AND OWN DATA)

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 316-327
Author(s):  
L. V. Lorina ◽  
A. O. Burshinov
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Demyelinating Disease ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Immunomodulatory Drugs ◽  
Internal And External Factors ◽  
Brain And Spinal Cord

The article provides a literature review on contemporary aspects of etiopathogenesis, clinical picture, diagnosis and treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS). MS is one of the most socially significant problems of modern neurology. MS has been proven to be a multifactorial disease, which develops as a result of both internal and external factors. In the early stages of this disease there is damage to the axons, therefore MS is not only considered an autoimmune demyelinating disease, but also neurodegenerative. The disease is characterized by a variety of clinical manifestations. The variety of neurological symptoms is due to a multiplicity of foci of demyelination and their localization in brain and spinal cord. Neuroimaging methods play an important role in the modern diagnosis of MS. Management of patients with a diagnosis of MS involves compulsory and long-term basic therapy with immunomodulatory drugs that change the course of multiple sclerosis.

scholarly journals Primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus. Literature review and clinical case

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 42-48
Author(s):  
N.  M. Kiselev ◽  
N.  V. Bobrov ◽  
D.  M. Kuchin ◽  
G.  G. Torgomyan ◽  
L.  V. Shkalova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Melanoma ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Rare Disease ◽  
World Literature ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Primary Malignant Melanoma ◽  
The World ◽  
Resectable Esophageal

Primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus is a rare disease with an aggressive course and poor prognosis. This article presents a review of the world literature on this specific disease, including incidence statistics, modern principles of diagnosis and treatment, as well as a clinical case of a patient with resectable esophageal melanoma.

scholarly journals Epidemiologic studies of myasthenia gravis: literature review

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 12-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. M. Alekseeva ◽  
V. V. Kryuchkova ◽  
T. R. Stuchevskaya ◽  
A. N. Khalmurzina
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Myasthenia Gravis ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Regions Of Russia

The review of domestic and foreign literature devoted to epidemiological studies of myasthenia gravis has been reviewed. The article presents data on the prevalence and incidence of myasthenia gravis in several regions of Russia and abroad. The prevalence of myasthenia gravis in the world varies, according to different authors, in a very wide range – from 2.17 to 32.0 per 100 thousand people. There are few epidemiological studies of myasthenia gravis in large cities and regions of Russia. Meanwhile, studies of the prevalence and incidence of myasthenia gravis are a necessary stage in the work to increase the effectiveness of diagnosis and treatment of this pathology, to determine the need for specialized types of medical care. The results of these studies can be used to optimize the management of myasthenia gravis patients.

Russian Citizens' Representations of the Country's Position in the Geopolitical Space of the Commonwealth of Independent States, Europe, and the World

2003 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 238-251
Author(s):  
Victor F. Petrenko ◽  
Olga V. Mitina ◽  
Kirill A. Bertnikov
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Multidimensional Space ◽  
Commonwealth Of Independent States ◽  
Repertory Grids ◽  
Implicit Model ◽  
The World ◽  
Public Consciousness ◽  
Independent States ◽  
Invariant Factors

The aim of this research was the reconstruction of the system of categories through which Russians perceive the countries of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), Europe, and the world as a whole; to study the implicit model of the geopolitical space; to analyze the stereotypes in the perception of different countries and the superposition of mental geopolitical representations onto the geographic map. The techniques of psychosemantics by Petrenko, originating in the semantic differential of Osgood and Kelly's “repertory grids,” were used as working tools. Multidimensional semantic spaces act as operational models of the structures of consciousness, and the positions of countries in multidimensional space reflect the geopolitical stereotypes of respondents about these countries. Because of the transformation of geopolitical reality representations in mass consciousness, the commonly used classification of countries as socialist, capitalist, and developing is being replaced by other structures. Four invariant factors of the countries' descriptions were identified. They are connected with Economic and Political Well-being, Military Might, Friendliness toward Russia, and Spirituality and the Level of Culture. It seems that the structure has not been explained in adequate detail and is not clearly realized by the individuals. There is an interrelationship between the democratic political structure of a country and its prosperity in the political mentality of Russian respondents. Russian public consciousness painfully strives for a new geopolitical identity and place in the commonwealth of states. It also signifies the country's interest and orientation toward the East in the search for geopolitical partners. The construct system of geopolitical perception also depends on the region of perception.

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