scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF RISOTORPHIN ON THE PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY OF MEADOW CLOVER

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
А.Т. Фарниев ◽  
А.А. Сабанова ◽  
Д.Т. Калицева
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Blade ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Seed Inoculation ◽  
Stable Production ◽  
Blade Area ◽  
Growth Development ◽  
Sowing Seed ◽  
North Ossetia

В экологических условиях горной зоны РСО-Алания проведены исследования по определению влияния предпосевной инокуляции семян на рост, развитие и продуктивность клевера лугового, а также на качество зеленой массы. Установлено, что под действием разных штаммов ризоторфина улучшается рост растений сорта Дарьял по вариантам опыта на 14,4-27,5 см, сорта Фарн на 13,2-20,6 см. Повышается площадь листовой пластинки растений клевера на 3,7-5,6 см2 по сорту Дарьял и на 4,1-6,0 см2 по сорту Фарн. Повышалась облиственность растений сорта Дарьял перед первым укосом на 1,3-7,0 % и сорта Фарн на 0,6-6,4 %. При этом наивысшую облиственность имели растения 6 (ин. шт. 340б) и 7 (ин. шт. 348) вариантов по сорту Дарьял 61,0-59,4 % и 59,4-57,3 % по сорту Фарн. В среднем за два года урожайность зеленой массы повышалась с 20,1 до 23,3 т/га у сорта Дарьял и с 18,8 до 22,2 т/га у сорта Фарн. Наилучшую эффективность проявили штаммы 340б и 348. Прибавки урожая на этих вариантах составили 3,2-2,7 т/га (сорт Дарьял) и 3,5-2,6 т/га (сорт Фарн). Инокуляция семян способствовала повышению сбора сухого вещества, прибавка его колебалась от 0,22 до 1,05 и от 0,18 до 1,08 т/га соответственно по сортам. Более высоким качеством отличалась зеленая масса растений клевера шестого и седьмого вариантов с содержанием протеина 18,0-17,8 % (сорт Дарьял) и 17,8-17,6 % (сорт Фарн). Поэтому для стабильного получения кормовой массы высокого качества семена клевера перед посевом необходимо инокулировать ризоторфином, штаммом 340б. In the ecological conditions of the mountainous zone of North Ossetia-Alania, studies were carried out to determine the effect of pre-sowing seed inoculation on the growth, development and productivity of meadow clover, as well as on the quality of green mass. It has been established that under the influence of different rhizotorphin strains, the growth of plants of the Daryal variety according to the experimental variants is improved by 14.4-27.5 cm, of the Farn variety by 13.2-20.6 cm. The leaf blade area of clover plants increases by 3.7-5.6 cm2 for Daryal variety, and 4.1-6.0 cm2 for Farn variety. The leaf coverage of Daryal plants increased by 1.3-7.0 % before the first mowing and of the Farn plants by 0.6-6.4 %. At the same time, plants of variant 6 (strain 340b) and 7 (strain 348) had the highest leaf coverage, 61.0-59.4 % for the Daryal variety and 59.4-57.3 % for the Farn variety. On average, over two years, the yield of green mass increased from 20.1 to 23.3 t/ha for the Daryal variety and from 18.8 to 22.2 t/ha for the Farn variety. The best efficiency was shown by strains 340b and 348. The increase in yield for these variants was 3.2-2.7 t/ha (Daryal variety) and 3.5-2.6 t/ha (Farn variety). Seed inoculation promoted an increase in dry matter collection. Its increase ranged from 0.22 to 1.05 and from 0.18 to 1.08 t/ha, respectively, by varieties. The green mass of clover plants of the sixth and seventh variants with a protein content of 18.0-17.8 % (Daryal variety) and 17.8-17.6 % (Farn variety) were of higher quality. Therefore, for stable production of high quality forage, clover seeds must be inoculated with rhizotorphin, strain 340b, before sowing.

scholarly journals Inheritance of the main quantitative traits in sweet sorghum hybrids F1

2020 ◽  
Vol 175 ◽  
pp. 01012
Author(s):  
Natalia Kovtunova ◽  
Vladimir Kovtunov ◽  
Aleksey Popov ◽  
Aleksandr Volodin ◽  
Elena Shishova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Sorghum ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Leaf Formation ◽  
Late Maturity ◽  
Height Increase

Sweet sorghum hybrids F1 in productivity can surpass the parental forms on 50-60%. Thus the breeding process is aimed to develop first generation hybrids with a strong potential of productivity and quality of green mass and silage. The purpose of the work is to study heritability and heterosis of the quantitative traits of sweet sorghum hybrids F1 obtained on a sterile basis. The study was conducted in 2013-2015 on the lines with cytoplasmic male sterility (‘A-63’, ‘Knyazhna’, ‘APV-1115), the varieties (‘Listvenit’, ‘Severnoe 44’, ‘Zernogradskoe 454’, ‘Stavropolskoe 36’, ‘Galiya’ and ‘Larets’) and the hybrids. The inheritance of green mass productivity and absolutely dry matter, the length of a vegetation period, plant height and leaf formation (foliage), protein content in dry matter of the hybrids occurred according to the type of dominance and overdominance. It has been determined that while choosing the parental forms for hybridization it’s essential to select the forms with differences in the vegetation period of 4-6 days to avoid the dominance of late maturity. The height pollinator increase results in the hybrid height increase and large heterosis. It’s necessary to select the parental forms with maximum foliage to improve leaf formation in the hybrids.

scholarly journals Efficiency of organomineral fertilizer “Bioklad” in mixed sowing of oats with peas in the conditions of the forest-steppe zone Republic of North Ossetia-Alania

2020 ◽  
Vol 201 (10) ◽  
pp. 22-28
Author(s):  
Larisa Ikoeva ◽  
Oksana Haeva
Keyword(s):  
Germination Rate ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Component Mixture ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
North Ossetia

Abstract. The authors present the results of the application of complex organo-mineral fertilizer “Bioklad” on mixed sowing of oats with peas in the conditions of the forest-steppe zone Republic of North Ossetia-Alania. The purpose of the work is to study the effectiveness of the use of the organomineral fertilizer “Bioklad” on the yield and nutrition of mixed sowing of oats with peas in the conditions of the forest-steppe zone Republic of North Ossetia-Alania. Methods. Studies on the tasks were carried out in 2016–2018 at the experimental site of the North Caucasus Research Institute of Mountain and Foothill Agriculture – branch of the Federal Center “Vladikavkaz Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences” in the conditions of the forest-steppe zone Republic of North Ossetia-Alania according to generally accepted methods. The soil of the experimental plot is medium-power heavy loamy leached chernozem, lined with pebbles. Results. The use of fertilizer “Bioklad” had a significant impact on the timing, fullness of shoots and the density of standing plants up to harvest. The field germination rate for peas varied between 70,5 and 72,4 %, while the oat rate was 76,4 to 80 %. The option with seed inoculation was highlighted. According to the dynamics of the height of the plants also stood out the option with the inoculation of seeds. The use of complex fertilizer “Bioklad” had a positive effect on the yield and quality of the green mass of oats with peas. The largest amount of phytomass was obtained under the variant with inoculation of seeds – 283,3 c/ha, which is higher than the control version at 68,3 c/ha. In terms of the content of digestible protein, the harvest of the mixture of oats with peas exceeded the zootechnical norm, the yield from one hectare reached 6,0–6,9 c/ha, against 5,2 c/ha in control, which per feed unit was 113,7–119,9 g. The collection of feed units amounted to 50,02–60,68 kg/ha, and in the control 44,23 kg/ha, feed protein units, respectively: 55,01–64,84 kg/ha; 48,12 kg/ha. Scientific novelty. For the first time in the conditions of the forest-steppe zone Republic of North Ossetia-Alania studied the effect of complex organomineral fertilizer “Bioklad” on plant growth processes, formation of green mass, quality of products in a two-component mixture (oats + peas).

scholarly journals The estimation of productivity and quality of sainfoin forage

2020 ◽  
pp. 12-15
Author(s):  
A. Ignatiev ◽  
A. A. Regidin
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Biological Traits ◽  
Standard Variety ◽  
Forage Grasses ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Digestible Protein ◽  
Perennial Legume

In the arid south ofRussiasainfoin is one of the key perennial legume forage grasses. It has a number of economic and biological traits and properties, such as anything goes approach to soil cultivation, drought tolerance, early maturity, stability of green mass and seed productivity; seeds don’t need any insecticides, it is convenient for growing in field crop rotation, it is a good forecrop for winter grain crops and it is used as a green manure crop. The purpose of the current study was the estimation of productivity and forage quality of the sainfoin varieties developed in theFSBSIAgriculturalResearchCenter“Donskoy” to the results, there has been found that the sainfoin varieties of theFSBSIAgriculturalResearchCenter“Donskoy” produced stable and large yields of green mass, dry matter and seeds. Throughout the years, productivity of green mass and dry matter of the sainfoin varieties “Veles”, “Sudar” and “Shuravi” varied from 30.0 t/ha to 36.5 t/ha and 8.1 t/ha to 8.3 t/ha, which was higher than that of the standard variety “Zernogradsky2”, respectively 6.5–12.5% and 8.0–10.7%. The productivity of the seeds of these varieties was 0.72–0.77 t/ha, or 9.1–16.7% higher than that of the standard variety. The largest yields among all varieties were produced by the variety “Shuravi”. The varieties “Veles”, “Sudar” and “Shuravi” exceeded the standard variety in the yields of forage units per1 haon 8.0–10.7%, raw protein on 8.1–14.1%, and digestible protein on 9.7–12.9%. Due to the larger yields of dry matter, they produced 83 430–85 490 MJ of gross energy per1 hectare.

scholarly journals Productivity and nutritional value of Sudanese grass when cultivated for green fodder

2021 ◽  
pp. 28-33
Author(s):  
Yuri Nikolaevich Pleskachev ◽  
Julia Alexandrovna Laptina ◽  
Olga Gennadievna Gichenkova ◽  
Natalya Alexandrovna Kulikova
Keyword(s):  
Farm Animals ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Nitrate Content ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Sudan Grass ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Green Fodder ◽  
Sowing Seed

Increasing the productivity and quality of forage crops is a necessary condition for creating a solid feed base that will ensure the full feeding of farm animals. The paper considers the results of studies on the influence of mineral fertilizers and pre-sowing seed treatment with Raikat Start on the production processes of the Sudan grass of the Julia variety on chestnut soils in the Lower Volga region. It was found that the highest yield of green mass of Sudan grass 28.6 t / ha was formed on the variant with the introduction of mineral fertilizers at a dose of N120 P120 K90 + N30 and the growth stimulator Raikat Start, the increase to the control was 9.3 t / ha. This variant also showed a decrease in the fiber content and an increase in the proportion of pro-tein from 7.05 % in the first cut to 8.28 % in the third cut. The application of mineral fertilizers in the studied dose provided a green mass of Sudan grass that was safe for agricultural animals with a nitrate content of no more than 407 mg/kg.

Effects of Age on Establishment and Yield of Cocoyam Setts (Xanthosoma Sagittifolium Schott.)

1967 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. A. C. Enyi
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Blade ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Linear Relations ◽  
Xanthosoma Sagittifolium ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Blade Area ◽  
Total Dry Weight ◽  
Micro Organisms

SummaryThe chemical composition of setts of cocoyam (Xanthosoma sagittifolium) varied in different sections. The highest concentration of N, P and fat occurred in the youngest part but crude fibre and Ca were highest in the oldest portions. Dry matter was lowest in the youngest section. Positive linear relations were found between N and K percentage, Ca/P ratio and age of the various sections of the corm, with the highest N/P ratio towards the middle portion of the corm. The high sprouting percentage of the youngest sections of the corm was attributed to both greater bud number per given area and to the short period of their dormancy. Better establishment in the field was achieved by using setts from the oldest section of the corm, probably because they were less vulnerable to decomposition by soil micro-organisms. Positive linear relations were established between P concentration and sprouting percentage. Setts from the two oldest sections of the corm produced plants with the greatest leaf blade area, total dry weight and dry weight of various organs and it is recommended that planting setts should be obtained from the less succulent section of the corm. There were also positive linear relations between Ca concentration of setts and dry matter production in the field, and between leaf blade area at time of harvest and corm yield.

Productivity and forage quality of triticale-grain legume mixtures in the Trans-Baikal Territory

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
О. Андреева ◽  
Н. Пилипенко ◽  
Л. Сидорова ◽  
Н. Харченко
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Grain Legumes ◽  
Grain Legume ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Spring Triticale ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Digestible Protein ◽  
Green Mass Yield

Полевые и лабораторные исследования по возделыванию тритикале в смешанных посевах с зернобобовыми культурами проведены в 2014 2016 годах на полях НИИ ветеринарии Восточной Сибири филиала СФНЦА РАН, расположенных в ИнгодинскоЧитинской лесостепи Забайкалья. Цель исследований сравнить урожайность и питательную ценность тритикале в одновидовых и смешанных посевах с зернобобовыми культурами для получения высококачественного корма в условиях Забайкалья. Исследования выполнены на луговочернозёмной мучнистокарбонатной почве. Дана оценка зернобобовым культурам и тритикале по адаптивности к условиям выращивания, показаны их хозяйственно ценные признаки. Установлена возможность повышения продуктивности и питательной ценности кормовых агроценозов путём использования зернобобовых культур (гороха посевного и вики яровой) в смеси с тритикале. По продуктивности и питательной ценности зелёной массы смешанные посевы превосходили одновидовые агроценозы в 1,1 1,6 раза, по сухому веществу в 1,1 1,8 раза, кормовым единицам в 1,1 1,6 раза, переваримому протеину в 1,1 1,9 раза, валовой энергии в 1,2 1,9 раза. Наиболее высокую продуктивность и питательную ценность кормовых агроценозов сформировали смешанные посевы тритикале яровой с викой яровой: урожайность зелёной массы составила 20,2 т/га, сухого вещества 4,63 т/га, кормовых единиц 3,31 т/га, валовой энергии 49,5 ГДж при высокой обеспеченности переваримым протеином 168 г. В Забайкальском крае для обеспечения животноводства полноценным кормами в соответствии с зоотехническими нормами целесообразно использовать зерновые и зернобобовые культуры (тритикале яровую, вику яровую, горох посевной). Из зернобобовых культур наиболее высокой продуктивностью отличались агроценозы вики яровой, превышающие посевы гороха посевного на 8 17. Mixtures of triticale and grain legumes were tested under field and lab conditions in 2014 2016. The research was aimed to compare triticale yield and nutritional value as monoculture and grass mixture. The investigation took place on meadow chernozem carbonate soil. It evaluated the adaptability and economically important traits of triticale and grain legumes. Cultivation of grain legumes (pea and vetch) with triticale improved stand performance. Mixtures exceeded monocultures in green mass productivity and nutritional value by 1.1 1.6 times, dry matter by 1.1 1.8 times, geed units by 1.1 1.6 times, digestible protein by 1.1 1.9 times, gross energy by 1.2 1.9 times. Mixtures of spring triticale with vetch performed the best: green mass yield was 20.2 t ha1, dry matter 4.63 t ha1, feed units 3.31 t ha1, gross energy 49.5 GJ and digestible protein 168 g. Grain and grain legume crops were shown to be the good source of highquality forage, meeting the Standard. Spring vetch had the highest productivity among the grain legumes and exceeded pea by 8 17.

scholarly journals The influence of mycorrhizal fungi (Glomus sp.) on field pea plant survival and growthin drought caused stress conditions

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (No. 9) ◽  
pp. 385-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kristek ◽  
A. Kristek ◽  
H. Pavlović
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Field Pea ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Mass Yield ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Seed Inoculation ◽  
Green Mass Yield

The influence of mycorrhizal fungi on field pea green mass yield, dry matter yield, grain yield, number of pods per plant, number of grains per pod, average number of plants per m<sup>2</sup>, grain concentration of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were studied in the greenhouse during two investigative years. The best results with all parameters were obtained in both investigative years by seed inoculation with the mycorrhizal species G. mossae. The exceptions were mean green mass yield, dry matter yield and the number of grains per pod in the second investigation year (irrigation rate &ndash; 240 mm/m<sup>2</sup>) where better results were achieved by seed inoculation with species G. intraradices. The highest green mass yield obtained by seed inoculation with mycorrhizal species Glomus mossae was 671.45 g/m<sup>2</sup>, dry matter yield 59.40 g/m<sup>2</sup>, grain yield 346.20 g/m<sup>2</sup> whereas grain nitrogen concentration was 4.08%. Far better results of all yield and quality indicators of this plant compared to non-mychorrized variants were accomplished by mycorrized variants in water lacking conditions.

VARIABILITY AND CORRELATION OF QUANTITATIVE CHARACTERS OF THE SUDAN GRASS

1970 ◽  
pp. 10-14
Author(s):  
А. V. Alabushev ◽  
N. А. Kovtunova ◽  
V. V. Kovtunov ◽  
А. Е. Romanyukin ◽  
Е. А. Shishova
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Sudan Grass ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Number Of Leaves

The correlation between the traits allows making an indirect selection, while the selection according to one trait results in the selection of another indicator. The purpose of the work is to estimate the variability of quantitative traits of Sudan grass and the correlations between them, to identify marker traits of high productivity and quality of green mass. There have been presented the study results of 115 collection samples of Sudan grass with various environmental and geographical origin of the Rostov region made in 2014-2018. There was a great variability (V=29.7-50.0%) in tillering, leaf square, green mass yield, stem diameter, plant height among the studied varieties.  The percentage of fiber and nitrogen-free extractive substances in the green mass of the studied Sudanese grass samples were characterized with high stability (V = 4.9-5.0%). The analysis has identified a strong correlation between green mass productivity and leaf length (r=0.59±0.01), leaf width (r=0.57±0.02), leaf square (r=0.54±0.03), plant height (r=0.48±0.06), length of ‘vegetation-ear formation’ period (r=0.48±0.004) and number of leaves (r=0.42±0.03). There has been identified a group of samples ‘Boldinsky’, ‘Fioros’, ‘К-176’, ‘К-205, ‘К-272’ with 35-55 t/ha green mass productivity and with 20.5-24.5% dry matter in green mass. The conducted analysis has shown that dry matter percentage greatly correlates with plant height (r=0.30±0.001), vegetation period (r=0.34±0.004) and number of leaves (r=0.26±0.006). The markers of high productivity and quality of green mass are length of a vegetation period and number of leaves (their increase results in the growth of green mass yields), dry matter percentage in green mass and protein decrease in it.

THE QUALITY OF RABBIT MEAT WHEN FED GREEN MASS OF JERUSALEM ARTICHOKE AND PROBIOTIC COMPLEXES

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-41
Author(s):  
E.E. Kurchaeva ◽  
◽  
A.V. Vostroilov ◽  
I.V. Maksimov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Jerusalem Artichoke ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Rabbit Meat

Improvement of separate elements of the techno-logy of cultivation of white cabbage in the conditions of the of the central region of the non-chernozem zone

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.V. Konstantinovich ◽  
◽  
A.S. Kuracheva ◽  
E.D. Binkevich
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
White Cabbage ◽  
Sowing Seed

In conditions of climate change, when temperature and precipitation fluctuations occur more and more frequently during the growing season, it is necessary to obtain high quality seedlings with "immunity" to various stress factors, including high weediness, the damage from which is associated with a decrease in yield (by 25 -35%) and with a deterioration in the quality of agricultural products. Due to the imbalance in production technology, seedlings are often weakened, overgrown, with a low yield per unit area and survival rate in the field. One of the solutions to this problem is the use of PP for pre-sowing seed treatment to increase the competitiveness of seedlings in the field.

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