scholarly journals Potensi Ekstrak Daun Nangka sebagai Biolarvasida Nyamuk Culex sp

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Asro Abdi Firdaus ◽  
Setiawan . ◽  
Ferry Kriswandana
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Probit Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Culex Sp

ABSTRACTMosquitoes are type of insect that acts as a disease vector. One of them is Culex sp mosquitos which their existence is many around us. In Indonesia there are still a lot of disease cases that caused by Culex sp mosquitos, one of them is filariasis disease. The efforts to control thecurrent population of Culex sp mosquitoes mostly use chemical insecticides. The control becomes difficult because of the resistance to chemical insecticides and adversely affects the environment. This study aims to determine the potential of jackfruit leaf extract as biolarvasida against Culex sp. The type of this study was post test onlycontrolled group design, using 625 larvae Culex sp instar III, divided into 5 groups (negative control group, 0.25% extract, 0.50% extract, 0.75% extract, extract and 1% extract). Observation was performed 24 hoursafter the treatment and counted the number of larvae death.The data were analyzed by Kruskal Wallis test followed by Post Hoc Mann-Whitney U test to determine the killing power of leafy leaf extractusing Probit analysis. The results of data analysis in this study were thedeath rate percentage of larvae after 24 hours treatment was 0% incontrol, 44% in 0.25%extract, 52% in0.50% extract, 60% in 0.75%extract,while in the extract group of 1%, the number of larval deaths was 72%. Itobtained results with significant differencein some treatment groups thatwere concentrations of 0.25% - 1%. Probit analysis showed that LC50 wasat 0.382% concentration.From results of the studyit can be concluded that jackfruit leaf extract(Artocarpus heterophyllus Lamk) was potential as Culex sp mosquitobiolarvacide. So it is necessary to conduct further research on the effectsof compounds that contained in other plant parts such as flowers, stemsand roots which will be expected to have a function asbiolarvasida.Keywords: Leaf Jackfruit, Biolarvasida, Mosquito Culex sp

scholarly journals Effect of salam leaf extract (Syzygium polyanthum to decrease blood triglyceride white rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-45
Author(s):  
ANDHIKA AJI NUGROHO ◽  
NUR HAFIDHA HIKMAYANI ◽  
SUTARMIADJI DJUMAGA
Keyword(s):  
Triglyceride Level ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Group I ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Post Hoc

Nugroho AA, Hikmayanti NH, Djumaga S. 2012. Effect of salam (Syzygium polyanthum) leaf extract to decrease blood triglyceride level on white rats. Biofarmasi 10: 40-45. This study aimed to determine the effect of bay [Syzygium polyanthum (Wight) Walp.] leaf extract to decrease the blood triglyceride level of white rats (Rattus norvegicus). This research was an laboratory experimental research with pre and post-test design with control group. This research used 30 Wistar white rats, with ±200 g body weight and the age of ±2 months, divided into 5 groups by a random sampling, six rats per group. Group I was a negative control, group II was a positive control, groups III, IV and V was treated with the bay leaf extract in the doses of I, II and III. All groups were fed of hyperkolemia, group II was treated by Gemfibrozil 20 mg/200 g BW/day, while groups III, IV and V were treated by the bay leaf extract with the doses of 0.18 g, 0.36 g and 0.72 g/200 g BW/day. The study was conducted for 35 days. On the 28th and 35th day, the blood of all rats was taken from orbital vein for blood triglyceride levels measured in pre-test and post-test. The data were statistically analyzed with One-Way ANOVA test and a post-hoc test. There were significant differences between pre-test and post-test in the levels of blood triglycerides of white rats (p<0.001), in which a post-hoc test results showed the comparison between negative control and Gemfibrozil was p<0.001, and the comparison between the groups of the bay leaf extract with Gemfibrozil was p>0.05, and the comparison of three doses of bay leaf extract was p>0.05. The provision of bay leaf extract could reduce the blood triglyceride levels of white rats significantly compared with the negative control, whereas the effects of three doses of bay leaf extract was comparable with the effects of Gemfibrozil.

scholarly journals EFEKTIVITAS EKSTRAK DAUN JERUK PURUT (Citrus hystrix) SEBAGAI INSEKTISIDA ALAMI TERHADAP KECOAK AMERIKA (Periplaneta americana) DENGAN METODE SEMPROT

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-14
Author(s):  
Hanina Hanina ◽  
Sarah Madeleyne Baringbing
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Periplaneta Americana ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Probit Analysis ◽  
Observation Time ◽  
American Cockroach ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test

ABSTRACT Cockroach control can be done in various ways one of which is spraying insecticide. Natural insecticides are less dangerous than conventional insecticides. This study aimed to determined the effectiveness of kaffir lime leaf extract (Citrus hystrix) as a natural insecticide against cockroach americana (Periplaneta americana) with spray method. This research was an experimental study with a post-test only control group designed design. The sample in this study was 60 cockroaches, the sample was divided into 6 groups: negative control (aquades), positive control (transflutrin 0.06%) and and 4 test groups with concentrations of kaffir lime leaf extract (20%, 40%, 60% , and 80%) each group consisted of 10 cockroaches. Phytochemical tests were carried out to determine the content of secondary metabolites in extracts of kaffir lime leaves. Positive phytochemical test results containing flavonoids, alkaloids and essential oils. Based on probit analysis, it is known that the LC50 value = 58.5%; LC95 = 85.1%. The time of death of LT50 is fastest at a concentration of 60% (3,036 hours) and LT95 is the fastest at a concentration of 80% (5,960 hours). Anova test analysis results showed that the positive control group had no significant difference with kaffir lime leaf extract concentration of 80% Kaffir lime leaf extract has an insecticide effect, the higher the concentration of kaffir lime leaf extract, the more number of dead cockroaches and the longer the observation time, the number of cockroaches death will also increase. Keywords: American cockroach, kaffir lime leaf extract, cockroach death   ABSTRAK Pengendalian kecoa dapat dilakukan dengan berbagai cara salah satunya penyemprotan insektisida. Insektisida alami kurang berbahaya dibanding insektisida konvensional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektifitas ekstrak daun jeruk purut (Citrus hystrix) sebagai insektisida alami terhadap kecoak americana (Periplaneta americana) dengan metode semprot. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimental dengan rancangan post-test only control group designed. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 60 ekor kecoak, sampel dibagi menjadi 6 kelompok yaitu kontrol negatif (aquades), kontrol positif (transflutrin 0,06%) dan dan 4 kelompok uji dengan konsentrasi ekstrak daun jeruk purut (20%, 40%, 60%, dan 80%) masing-masing kelompok terdiri dari 10 ekor kecoak. Uji fitokimia dilakukan untuk mengetahui kandungan senyawa metabolit sekunder pada ekstrak daun jeruk purut. Hasil uji fitokimia positif mengandung flavonoid, alkaloid dan minyak atsiri. Berdasarkan analisis probit, diketahui nilai LC50 = 58,5%; LC95 = 85,1%. Waktu kematian LT50 paling cepat pada konsentrasi 60% (3,036 jam) dan LT95 paling cepat pada konsentrasi 80% (5,960 jam). Hasil analisis uji anova menunjukkan bahwa kelompok kontrol positif tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan dengan ekstrak daun jeruk purut konsentrasi 80% Ekstrak daun jeruk purut memiliki efek insektisida, semakin tinggi konsentrasi ekstrak daun jeruk purut maka jumlah kecoak yang mati semakin banyak dan semakin lama waktu pengamatan, maka jumlah kecoak yang mati juga akan semakin banyak. Kata kunci : kecoak amerika, ekstrak daun jeruk purut, kematian kecoak

scholarly journals Gambaran histopatologik lambung tikus wistar yang diberikan ekstrak daun sirsak (Annona muricata L.) setelah induksi aspirin

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chelyne F. Sundalangi ◽  
Lily Loho ◽  
Carla F. Kairupan
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Flavonoid Compound ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Group A ◽  
Gastric Mucous

Abstract: Aspirin is an anti-inflammatory drug which can cause side effect such as damage of the gastric mucous. Soursop leaf is usually used for medical treatment because it contains flavonoid compound which has the antioxidant and anti-inflamatory activity and may protect gastric mucous from the side effects of aspirin. This study aimed to reveal the histopathological features of the gaster of wistar rats administered with soursop leaf extract after induced with aspirin. This was an experimental study using 20 Wistar rats. Rats were divided into negative control group (A) and treatment groups. Treatment groups were divided into; rats induced with aspirin 30mg for 10 days (B); rats administered with soursop leaf extract 80mg before induced with aspirin 30mg for 10 days (C); rats induced with aspirin 30mg for 10 days and administered with soursop leaf extract 80mg for the next 3 days (D); and rats induced with aspirin 30mg for 10 days and not treated for the next 3 days (E). Groups A, B and C were terminated on 11th day, meanwhile groups D and E were terminated on 14th day. The results showed normal histological features in group A. Group B showed acute gastritic features such as many PMN inflammatory cells in the mucous to serous layers, submucous edema, and capillary dilatation. Groups C and D showed many PMN inflammatory cells in the mucous to submucous layers. Group E showed decreased PMN inflammatory cells in mucous to submucous layers. Conclusion: Administration of soursop leaf extract could not decrease the acute gastritic signs such as inflammatory cells, edema and capillary dilatation in the gaster of Wistar rats induced with aspirin.Keywords: aspirin, soursop leaves, gaster. Abstrak: Aspirin merupakan obat anti inflamasi yang bisa menyebabkan efek samping gangguan mukosa lambung. Daun sirsak sering digunakan sebagai obat tradisional yang berkhasiat karena mengandung senyawa flavonoid yang berkhasiat sebagai antioksidan dan antiinflamasi yang mungkin dapat melindungi lambung dari efek samping aspirin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran histopatologik lambung tikus Wistar yang diberikan ekstrak daun sirsak setelah induksi aspirin. Jenis penelitian ini ialah eksperimental yang menggunakan 20 ekor tikus Wistar. Hewan uji dibagi dalam kelompok kontrol negatif (A) dan kelompok perlakuan. Kelompok perlakuan dibagi atas kelompok tikus yang diberi aspirin 30mg selama 10 hari (B); tikus yang diberi ekstrak daun sirsak 80mg sebelum induksi aspirin 30mg selama 10 hari (C), tikus yang diberi aspirin 30mg selama 10 hari dan diberikan ekstrak daun sirsak 80mg selama 3 hari berikutnya (D); dan tikus yang diberi aspirin 30mg selama 10 hari dan tidak diberi perlakuan selama 3 hari berikutnya (E). Kelompok A, B dan C diterminasi pada hari ke-11, kelompok D dan E diterminasi pada hari ke-14. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan gambaran histologik lambung normal pada kelompok A. Kelompok B menunjukkan gambaran histopatologik gastritis akut yakni baanyak sel-sel radang PMN pada lapisan mukosa sampai serosa, edema submukosa, dan pelebaran pembuluh darah kapiler. Kelompok C dan D menunjukkan banyak sel-sel radang PMN pada lapisan mukosa sampai submukosa. Kelompok perlakuan E menunjukkan sel-sel radang PMN yang lebih sedikit pada lapisan mukosa sampai submukosa. Simpulan: Pemberian ekstak daun sirsak tidak dapat mengurangi tanda-tanda gastritis akut berupa sel-sel radang, edema, dan pelebaran pembuluh darah kapiler pada lambung tikus wistar yang diinduksi aspirin. Kata kunci: aspirin, daun sirsak, lambung

scholarly journals Uji Efektivitas Ekstrak Etanol Daun Angsana (Pterocarpus Indicus Willd) sebagai Biolarvasida terhadap Larva Nyamuk Culex Sp.

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-37
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ihsan Abdurrozak ◽  
Livia Syafnir ◽  
Esti Rachmawati Sadiyah
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Probit Analysis ◽  
Mosquito Larvae ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Lc50 Value ◽  
Probit Method ◽  
Culex Sp

Abstract. Mosquitoes are often associated with health problems because mosquito bites not only cause itching but some species can also transmit various types of parasites that are harmful to human health. One of them is Culex sp mosquito which is a class of infectious insects (vectors). This study aimed to test the activity of compounds in angsana leaf extract (Pterocarpus indicus Willd) as biolarvasides on Culex sp. mosquitoes and determine the concentration of LC50 value needed. Extraction was carried out by maceration method using 70% ethanol solvent. The extract collected was then tested biolarvaside activity on Culex sp. The study subjects were divided into 8 treatment groups, namely aquades (negative control), 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.5%, 1%, 2% and ABATE 0.1% (positive control). Each group contained 20 mosquito larvae with three replications (triplo). Observations were made for 24 hours at intervals of 1 hour, 4 hours, 8 hours, 12 hours and 24 hours. The biolarvaside activity of angsana leaf extract was analyzed using the probit method. Based on the results of the Probit analysis, the LC50 value was 0.83%. These results indicate that the angsana leaf extract (Pterocarpus indicus Willd) was effective as a biolarvaside. Abstrak. Nyamuk sering dikaitkan dengan masalah kesehatan karena gigitan nyamuk tidak hanya menimbulkan gatal saja tetapi beberapa spesies nyamuk juga dapat menularkan berbagai jenis parasit yang berbahaya bagi kesehatan manusia. Salah satunya yaitu nyamuk Culex sp yang merupakan golongan serangga penular (vektor). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk pengujian aktivitas senyawa dalam ekstrak daun angsana (Pterocarpus indicus Willd) sebagai biolarvasida pada nyamuk Culex sp dan penentuan nilai LC50. Ekstraksi dilakukan dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 70%, Ekstrak yang diperoleh kemudian diuji aktivitas biolarvasida pada nyamuk Culex sp. Subjek penelitian dibagi menjadi 8 kelompok perlakuan, yaitu akuades (kontrol negatif), 0,05%, 0,1%, 0,2%, 0,5%, 1%, 2% dan ABATE 0,1% (kontrol positif).Setiap kelompok berisi 20 ekor larva nyamuk dengan tiga kali pengulangan (triplo) . Pengamatan dilakukan selama 24 jam dengan interval 1jam, 4jam, 8jam, 12jam dan 24jam. Aktivitas biolarvasida ekstrak daun angsana dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode probit. Berdasarkan hasil analisis Probit didapatkan nilai LC50 berada pada konsentrasi 0,83%.Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa Ekstrak daun angsana (Pterocarpus indicus Willd) efektif sebagai biolarvasida.

scholarly journals The Larvacidal Activity of Ethanol Extracts of Phyllanthus acidus Leaves on The Culex quinquefasciatus Instar III/IV Larvae

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Afifatun Hasanah ◽  
Bagus Hermansyah ◽  
Cholis Abrori
Keyword(s):  
Culex Quinquefasciatus ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Phyllanthus Acidus ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

Culex quinquefasciatus was one of a vector of filariasis disease caused by filarial worm infection. Mode of transmission was through mosquito bites that contain filaria worm. To overcome the problem in terms of eradicating the mosquito larvae was by searching for safe biological materials for humans and the environment, one of them was Phyllanthus acidus leaves. The purposes of this research were to know whether the ethanol extract of Phyllanthus acidus leaves have larvicidal activity on Culex quinquefasciatus instar III / IV larvae and to know the lethal concentration 50 (LC50) ethanol extract of Phyllanthus acidus leaves on Culex quinquefasciatus instar III / IV larvae within 24 hours. This study used true experimental method with post test only controlled group design with 1 positive control group (Temephos), 1 negative control group (Aquades and DMSO), and 5 treatment groups (0.0625%; 0.125%; 0.25%, 0.5% and 1% extract) respectively 20 Culex quinquefasciatus instar III/IV larvae. The result of regression test of inverse to know the effect of leaf extract of ceremai to the death of Culex quinquefasciatus larvae obtained R2=0909 which was mean the effect of ethanol extract of Phyllanthus acidus leaves to the number of the death of Culex quinquefasciatus larvae equal to 90.9%. The result of probit test obtained LC50 result of 0.189% with 95% confidence interval (0.142% -0.233%).

scholarly journals Pengaruh Perendaman Ekstrak Bunga Sepatu (Hibiscus rosa sinensis L.) terhadap Pertumbuhan Candida albicans pada Plat Resin Akrilik

e-GIGI ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 159
Author(s):  
Yuhi Syaula ◽  
Arlita L. Antari ◽  
Diah A. Purbaningrum
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Acrylic Resin ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Hibiscus Rosa Sinensis ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Post Hoc

Abstract: Denture plate materials such as acrylic resin can induce adhesion of Candida albicans. Therefore, acrylic resin needs to be immersed in disinfectant. However, disinfectant can change its physical and mechanical properties, hence an alternative material is needed, such as hibiscus flower (Hibiscus rosa sinensis L.) due to its antifungal activity. This study was aimed to identify the effects of hibiscus flower extract and its concentrations towards the growth of C. albicans on acrylic resin plates. This was an experimental and laboratory study using the post-test only with control group design.  Acrylic resins were immersed in suspension of C. albicans, then were divided into four groups, as follows: 62.5% and 75% hibiscus flower extract (group I and II), positive control (sodium hypochlorite), and negative control (sterile aquadest). Acrylic resins were cultured and incubated on SDA media for 24 hours then the number of colonies were calculated. The results showed that C. albicans colonies in the treatment groups I, II, negative control, and positive control were 495 CFU/ml, 571.25 CFU/mL, 1175 CFU/mL, 23.125 CFU/mL respective-ly. The Kruskal-Wallis test showed significant differences in number of colonies of C. albicans (p<0.05) among all groups The post hoc Mann-Whitney test showed that all groups were significantly different, except for treatment groups I towards II. In conclusion, extract of hibiscus flower (H. rosa sinensis L.) affected the growth of C. albicans on acrylic resin plates.Keywords: hibiscus flower; Hibiscus rosa sinensis L.; Candida albicans; acrylic resin  Abstrak: Adanya bahan plat basis gigi tiruan seperti resin akrilik dapat memicu perlekatan C. albicans; oleh karena itu, resin akrilik perlu direndam dalam larutan desinfektan. Namun, larutan desinfektan dapat mengubah sifat fisik dan mekanik dari akrilik sehingga diperlukan adanya bahan alternatif, antara lain bunga sepatu (Hibiscus rosa sinensis L.) yang memiliki aktivitas antifungal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perendaman ekstrak dan konsentrasi bunga sepatu terhadap pertumbuhan C. albicans pada plat resin akrilik. Jenis penelitian ialah eksperimental laboratorik dengan post-test only with control group design. Resin akrilik direndam dalam suspensi C. albicans, Terdapat empat kelompok perlakuan yaitu ekstrak bunga sepatu 62,5% dan 75%, kontrol positif (sodium hipoklorit), dan kontrol negatif (akuades steril). Resin akrilik dikultur dan diinkubasi pada media SDA selama 24 jam, kemudian jumlah koloni C. albicans dihitung. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan jumlah koloni C. albicans kelompok perlakuan I, II, kontrol negatif, dan positif sebanyak 495 CFU/ml, 571.25 CFU/mL, 1175 CFU/mL, 23.125 CFU/mL secara berurut. Uji Kruskal-Wallis menunjukkan perbedaan jumlah koloni C. albicans yang bermakna (p<0.05) antar semua kelompok. Uji post hoc Mann-Whitney menunjukkan semua kelompok berbeda bermakna, kecuali kelompok perlakuan I dengan II. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah ekstrak bunga sepatu (H. rosa sinensis L.) berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan C. albicans pada plat resin akrilik.Kata kunci: bunga sepatu; Hibiscus rosa sinensis L.; Candida albicans; resin akrilik

scholarly journals Analgesic effectiveness comparison between red betel leaf extract (Piper crocatum) and therapy dosage of aspirin in mice

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
DIAN AJENG ATIKANINGRUM ◽  
ENDANG EDININGSIH ◽  
CR. SITI UTARI
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Analgesic Effect ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Betel Leaf ◽  
Significant Difference

Atikaningrum DA, Ediningsih E, Utari CRS. 2013. Analgesic effectiveness comparison between red betel leaf extract (Piper crocatum) and therapy dosage of aspirin in mice. Biofarmasi 11: 1-6. The aim of this research was to find out an analgesic effectiveness of red betel leaf extract (Piper crocatum) compared to the therapy dosage of aspirin in mice. This research used a completely randomize experimental design. The subject in this research were 30 male mice of Swiss which in age of 2-3 months with 20-30 grams weight. The subjects were divided into five treatment groups: (i) negative control group (aquadest), (ii) positive control group (aspirin), (iii) first treatment group (3.64 mg red betel leaf extract), (iv) second treatment group (7.28 mg red betel leaf extract), and (v) third treatment group (14.56 mg red betel leaf extract). Analgesic effect was determined by counting the mice jump on 42oC in hotplate during 5 minutes, 2 hours after treatment. The obtained data were tested statistically by Anova and Pos-Hoc processed by Lead Significance Difference. The Anova test showed that there were significant differences among five treatment groups, while the LSD test showed that there were significant difference between negative control group and treatment groups, and the second and third treatment groups showed no significant difference with positive control group. The red betel leaf extract had an analgesic effect when it was given orally in mice. The treatment groups that had the same efficacy with the aspirin treatment group were the second (7.28 mg red betel leaf extract) and the third groups (14.56 mg red betle leaf extract).

scholarly journals Antioxidant Effect of Kenitu leaf Etanol Extract (Chrysophyllum Cainito L.) on Wistar Rat Induced Cyclophosphamid

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Ekvan Danang Setya Pramudito ◽  
Erfan Efendi ◽  
Muhammad Ali Shodikin
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Total Death ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Chrysophyllum Cainito

Recently, cancer is  globally the second highest cause of death with a total death about 8.8 million in 2015. There are some  therapy of cancer, one of them  by using cyclophosphamid chemotherapy, but this regimen has side effects of bone marrow depression through its active metabolite of 4 hydroxy cyclophpsphamid and increase ROS which will  effect on serum MDA elevation. Increased MDA serum can be prevented by giving an antioxidant or plants that have various antioxidants, such as kenitu  leaves. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of antioxidants in  kenitu leaves (Chrysophyllum cainito L.)) extract  to MDA serum leves of  cyclophosphamid-induced mice. This study used quasi experimental method with post test only controlled group  design by using 1 normal control group, 1 negative control group (cyclophosphamid), and 5 treatment groups (dose of extract 50mg/kgBW; 100mg/kgBW; 200mg/kgBW; 400mg/kgBB; and 800mg / kgBW). The results of the treatment group dose 100mg/kgBB showed the  average of MDA serum levels was 1.94 μg/mL which is the highest decrease in this study. The result of Kendall Tau correlation test showed the effect of kenitu leaves extract to MDA serum level had p = 0.013 and correlation coefficient = 0.431.   Keywords: kenitu leaf etanol extract, cyclophosphamid, MDA serum     

scholarly journals Study of goat milk and goat milk yogurt to decrease parasitemia index on malaria-infected mice

Food Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (S3) ◽  
pp. 127-133
Author(s):  
M. Sada ◽  
A.M. Legowo ◽  
G. Anjani
Keyword(s):  
Goat Milk ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Additional Therapy

Malaria is an infectious disease caused by the Plasmodium sp. parasite. In 2017, malaria has reached 219 million cases. The decline of parasitemia index indicates a lower degree of infection in malaria patients. Goat milk and goat milk yogurt as immunomodulators have the potential to reduce parasitemia index. This study was aimed to determine the effect of goat milk and goat milk yogurt on the index of parasitemia in malaria-infected mice. This research was a true experimental study with a post-test only group design. A total of thirty-five female Balb/c mice was divided into the following groups: a (negative control group), b (malaria), c (malaria, Dihydroartemisinin/piperaquine (DHP) drug), d (malaria, goat milk), e (malaria, goat milk, DHP), f (malaria, goat milk yogurt), and g (malaria, goat milk yogurt, DHP). Inoculation dose of Plasmodium was 107 /0.2 mL. The intervention was studied for 24 days. Parasitemia index data was collected on the seventh day post-inoculation. The dose of goat milk and goat milk yogurt given was 0.5 mL/20 g BW. Data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis with Mann-Whitney post-hoc test. The results showed a significant decrease in the parasitemia index (p<0.05). The mean parasitemia index in each group were: 0% (a); 13.9% (b); 0.60% (c); 4.68% (d); 3.74% (e); 3.66% (f); 0.82% (g). The group that exhibited effective reduction of parasitemia index were group c and g. Goat milk yogurt (f) was more effective in decreasing the parasitemia index than goat milk (d). Giving goat milk yogurt can be considered an additional therapy for the treatment of malaria.

scholarly journals The Effect of Isotoma longiflora Leaves Extract to The Cornea Neovascularization of Wistar Rats Chemical Trauma Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 92
Author(s):  
Hasbi Maulana Arsyad ◽  
Cicih Komariah ◽  
Muhamad Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Trauma Model ◽  
Post Hoc

Eye chemical trauma was an eye trauma caused by a substance with a pH<7 (acid) and pH>7 (alkali). Chemical trauma can be caused by pesticides. In Indonesia, 78.9% of farmers had eye complaints due to pesticides exposure. The occurrence of alkali chemical trauma of eye could cause cornea neovascularization (CNV). Alkali chemical trauma caused intense inflammation resulting a vascularization of the cornea that was supposed to be avascular. The purpose of this study was to find out the effect of Isotoma longiflora leaves extract the cornea neovascularization of wistar rats chemical trauma model. This research used true experimental design method with post-test only controlled group design. The sample of this study were 30 male wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) divided into six groups, 1 positive control group (dexamethasone 0.1%), 1  negative control group (DMSO 0,1%), and 4 treatment groups of Isotoma longiflora leaves extract (0.25 mg/ml, 0.5 mg/ml, 1 mg/ml, 2 mg/ml). The result of Shapiro-Wilk and Levene's test showed that p>0.05 that means the data was normally distributed and has the same variant. One Way ANOVA test results obtained significant differences between groups on the 7th day (p=0.001). The result of Post Hoc LSD test showed that group P3 and P4 were significantly different to negative control, P1 and P2 groups. P3 and P4 groups with 1 mg/ml and 2 mg/ml Isotoma longiflora leaves extract could inhibit cornea neovascularization.

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