scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF CLIMATE FACTORS FOR DENGUE HEMORRHAGIC FEVER IN BANJARMASIN CITY, SOUTH KALIMANTAN PROVINCE, INDONESIA, 2012-2016

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 121-128
Author(s):  
Nuning Irnawulan Ishak ◽  
Kasman Kasman
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Path Analysis ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
P Value ◽  
Climate Factors ◽  
Climate Variations ◽  
National Data ◽  
Vector Borne Diseases ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Vector Borne

Background: One of the factors that lead to high incidence of DHF is climate change.Objective: To analyze the effect of climate factors (temperature, humidity, wind speed, and rainfall) associated with DHF incidence in Banjarmasin City, 2012-2016.  Methods: We used the national data on annual reported incidence from Health Office of Banjarmasin City and climate variations from Meteorology Climatology and Geophysics Agency 2nd Class Climatology Station Syamsudin Noor Banjarmasin, January 2012-December 2016.  The analysis techniques using path analysis to explained the mechanism of causal relationships between variables.Results: The result showed the overall incidence of DHF in Banjarmasin City during 2012- 2016 was 243 cases, of DHF cases were fluctuates by the monthly trend, where the highest number of DHF cases in January to March, climate variation which occurred in Banjarmasin City period 2012-2016 included temperatures ranged from 25.8-28.7°C, humidity ranged from 65-88%, wind speed ranged from 4-6 knots and rainfall ranged from 0.0-546.7 mm, and the path analysis showed that rainfall variable (X4) was the only variable which positively effected to DHF incidence variable (Y) equal to 0.613 unit (Y = 0.613 X4) (p value = 0.002).Conclusion: Climate information can used as a precautionary signal through early warming of the readiness in facing the outbreaks of vector borne diseases so that further efforts in environmental management by manipulation method and environmental modification. 

Pre and post flooding malaria parasitemia in gravid women, South East, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekwebene OC ◽  
◽  
Obidile VC ◽  
Nnamani CP ◽  
Eleje GU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Malaria Parasite ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vector Borne Diseases ◽  
Seasonal Flooding ◽  
Vector Borne ◽  
The Relationship

The effect of global change on the incidence of vector borne diseases including malaria is of great importance. Malaria has been regarded as one of the most sensitive disease that responds fast to climate change. Pregnant women tend to have reduced immunity are more vulnerable to vector borne diseases such as malaria especially with climate change like flooding where these vectors borne diseases are endemic. To measure malaria parasitaemia in gravid women pre and post flooding and also to determine the relationship between malaria and seasonal flooding in South east Nigeria. This was a hospital-based cross-sectional study involving pregnant women aged 15- 45 years attending the antenatal clinics of two maternity centres in a rural community South east Nigeria. Malaria was determined using the thick and thick blood films. Plasmodium falciparum species was examined in this study. Chi-square was used to assess the relationship between malaria and seasonal flooding. One Hundred and fifty pregnant women were recruited for the study. The prevalence of malaria in the gravid women pre and post flooding were 60.00% and 65.30% respectively. Malaria parasite was highest in the gravid women aged 28-31 years and the primigravids. There was no statistical difference between malaria and parity. The mean parasite density in the gravid women was significantly higher post flooding than pre flooding with p-value of 0.001. There was no significant relationship between malaria parasite in gravid women and the periods of investigation. The prevalence of malaria parasite among gravid women in the study area is high regardless of the seasonal flooding. Hence, the need for adherence to malaria prophylaxis protocol by the health care professionals and increase on community health education on malaria preventive strategies.

Vector-borne diseases in Iran: epidemiology and key challenges

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-69
Author(s):  
Najmeh Parhizgari ◽  
Norair Piazak ◽  
Ehsan Mostafavi
Keyword(s):  
Q Fever ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Vector Borne Diseases ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Dispersion Patterns ◽  
Monitoring And Surveillance ◽  
Vector Borne ◽  
Review Study

Vector-borne diseases have become a global health concern in recent decades as a result of global warming, globalization, growth in international trade and travel, use of insecticide and drug resistance. This review study addressed the key vector-borne diseases and their current status in Iran to emphasize the requirements for further research on vector-borne diseases. The dispersion patterns of these diseases differ in various regions. Some of them such as Crimean–Congo hemorrhagic fever, and Q fever are distributed all across Iran, whereas some others such as plague, leishmaniasis, tularemia, and malaria are restricted to specific areas. The high prevalence of vectors throughout the country necessitates enhancing the monitoring and surveillance of emerging and reemerging vector-borne diseases and their potential vectors.

scholarly journals Dilemma in laboratory diagnosis of Dengue, Chikungunya and Zika viruses

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mushtaque Ahmed ◽  
Nabeela Mahboob ◽  
Kazi Taib Mamun ◽  
Hasina Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Laboratory Diagnosis ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Severe Dengue ◽  
Laboratory Methods ◽  
Vector Borne Diseases ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Epidemiological Risk ◽  
Vector Borne

Dengue, Chikungunya and Zika are the vector-borne diseases that constitute a potential epidemiological risk due to the recent increase in cases, complications, and severity. The co-circulation of the three diseases is a matter of public health interest due to their transmission by the same vector as well as the increase in the number of cases of severe dengue hemorrhagic fever, post-chikungunya chronic joint disease and microcephaly related to Zika virus. Therefore, it is important to be familiar with the various clinical presentations and laboratory methods to make the differential diagnosis, start appropriate treatment, and prevent the associated complications. Bangladesh J Medicine July 2019; 30(2) : 83-92

scholarly journals Emerging and Re-emerging Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases and the Challenges for Control: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bayissa Chala ◽  
Feyissa Hamde
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Emerging Diseases ◽  
West Nile Fever ◽  
Valley Fever ◽  
Vector Borne Diseases ◽  
Vector Borne ◽  
The Many ◽  
Epidemiological Profile

Vector-borne emerging and re-emerging diseases pose considerable public health problem worldwide. Some of these diseases are emerging and/or re-emerging at increasing rates and appeared in new regions in the past two decades. Studies emphasized that the interactions among pathogens, hosts, and the environment play a key role for the emergence or re-emergence of these diseases. Furthermore, social and demographic factors such as human population growth, urbanization, globalization, trade exchange and travel and close interactions with livestock have significantly been linked with the emergence and/or re-emergence of vector-borne diseases. Other studies emphasize the ongoing evolution of pathogens, proliferation of reservoir populations, and antimicrobial drug use to be the principal exacerbating forces for emergence and re-emergence of vector-borne infectious diseases. Still other studies equivocally claim that climate change has been associated with appearance and resurgence of vector-borne infectious diseases. Despite the fact that many important emerging and re-emerging vector-borne infectious diseases are becoming better controlled, our success in stopping the many new appearing and resurging vector-borne infectious diseases that may happen in the future seems to be uncertain. Hence, this paper reviews and synthesizes the existing literature to explore global patterns of emerging and re-emerging vector-borne infections and the challenges for their control. It also attempts to give insights to the epidemiological profile of major vector-borne diseases including Zika fever, dengue, West Nile fever, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, Chikungunya, Yellow fever, and Rift Valley fever.

scholarly journals Prediction Model of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Incidence Using Climatic Factors in Kabupaten Gorontalo

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 348
Author(s):  
Safrudin Tolinggi ◽  
Moh. Rivandi Dengo
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Irradiation Time ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
P Value ◽  
Climate Factors ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Average Wind Speed ◽  
Average Temperature

All countries of ASEAN member agree that dengue fever is one of the major problems faced by all ASEAN countries so the status of their territory has been determined to be hyperendemic in the last 10 years. Global warming is predicted to result in an increase in the average temperature of the earth's surface by 2,0OC to 4,5OC in 2100, which will have a direct impact on diseases caused by vectors. This study aims to examine the relationship of climate factors to the incidence of dengue fever and find a predictive model of dengue fever in Gorontalo regency. This research data used secondary data from 2012-2016, which included climate data (average temperature, irradiation time, rainfall, rainy days, and average wind speed) per month obtained from the Meteorology and Geophysics Agency (MGA) Gorontalo Class II and dengue fever incidence data were monthly incident data obtained from the Health Office Gorontalo regency. Based on the values of determinant values (R2) of the five models that were obtained, the value is 13,4% with p value = 0,004 and the linear regression equation using the backward method. Thus, estimated number of cases of dengue fever in Gorontalo Regency in a year reached 132 cases. Besides climate factors, the increasing number of cases of dengue fever might be caused by urbanization, population density, high population mobilization, community behavior, existence and quality of facilities and health services obtained by the community. Improvisation is needed for planning prevention programs and its implementation. As well as designing spatial-based disease prevention and control program that analyzes all climate, demographic and environmental parameters that are the causes of the high incidence of dengue fever.

scholarly journals Young and Old Sugar Apple (Annona squamosa Linn) Leaf Extracts As an Aedes aegypti Larva Insecticide

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Khair ◽  
Noraida Noraida
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Vector Borne Diseases ◽  
Apple Leaves ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Vector Borne

Vector-borne diseases are still a health problem in some tropical countries. One vector-borne disease is Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF). DHF never decreases and even tends to continue to increase, and many cause deaths in children, 90% of them attack children under 15 years. DHF cases in 2018 amounted to 65,602 cases, with 467 deaths (CFR = 0.71%). The behavior of holding water in various places such as tubs and tendons indirectly creates a breeding place for Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. The use of chemicals as insecticides can cause the death of non-target animals, environmental pollution, and the occurrence of vector resistance to insecticides. Therefore it is necessary to do other methods including the use of vegetable insecticides. Sugar apple leaves can be used to kill Aedes aegypti larvae. Sugar apple leaves will obtain throughout the year. The purpose of this study is to know the ability of young and old sugar apple leaves to kill Aedes aegypti larvae. This type of research is a posttest only control group design. The study sample was part of the Aedes aegypti larvae on the final instar III. The experiment to kill Aedes aegypti larvae use two types of sugar apple leaf extract, namely young and old sugar apple leaves with nine treatments four replications. Each treatment consisted of 25 larvae. The research results show There was no significant difference in the number of dead larvae using either extracts from young sugar apple leaves or old sugar apple leaves. LC90 of sugar apple leaf extract was between 0.05632 to 0.08324% and the effective residual age at LC90 (0.06568%) with the death of Aedes aegypti larvae was 92% over 24 hours (1 day).

scholarly journals Relationship of Climate, Environmental Health Intervention with the Incident Rate (IR) of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Case in North Jakarta, 2017-2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Wind Speed ◽  
Environmental Health ◽  
Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
P Value ◽  
Incident Rate ◽  
Waste Bank ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Free Rate

The issue of climate change has been hotly discussed considering its serious impact on various aspects of life, especially health. The negative potential or risk of climate change to health has been seen as a global challenge that can threaten human livelihoods. This climate change has resulted in changing disease patterns in society due to a changing climate and environment. The increase in temperature has the potential to be associated with a significant increase in cases of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF). This research was a descriptive with an ecological time series design to describe the frequency and distribution of health problems or the correlation between disease and the factors that influence it. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between climate, environmental health interventions and the incidence of dengue fever. The results of climate conditions in North Jakarta in 2017 to 2019 average normal air temperature 28.480C, high humidity 74.94%, medium rainfall 136.37 mm, wind speed classified as low 1.30 knots, active waste bank environment 162.66, DHF incident rate 47.86 below national standards 49/100,000 inhabitants. The results of the bivariate factors associated with IR DHF were humidity p 0.006, larva free rate 0.003, waste bank 0.009, rainfall 0.190, and wind speed 0.474. The final model factors related to IR DHF were humidity p value 0.000, R0.741, R Square 0.550; Rainfall p value 0.005, R 0.407, R Square 0.165, Larvae Free Rate R 0.296, R Square 0.088. The conclusion of these three factors contributed to the incidence of DHF R 0.952 meaning that the relationship was very strong, R Square 0.906 (90.6%) contributed to the IR DHF in North Jakarta. Suggestions in the environment that the humidity was not high around 45%- 60%, larvae free rate < 95%. Precipitation >100 mm DHF have alert.

Climate Change and the Transmission of Vector-Borne Diseases: A Review

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Zhang ◽  
Peng Bi ◽  
Janet E. Hiller
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Models ◽  
Quantitative Relationship ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Ross River Virus ◽  
Vector Borne Diseases ◽  
Ecological Regions ◽  
Vector Borne ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Study Designs ◽  
The Relationship

This article reviews studies examining the relationship between climate variability and the transmission of vector- and rodent-borne diseases, including malaria, dengue fever, Ross River virus infection, and hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. The review has evaluated their study designs, statistical analysis methods, usage of meteorological variables, and results of those studies. The authors found that the limitations of analytical methods exist in most of the articles. Besides climatic variables, few of them have included other factors that can affect the transmission of vector-borne disease (eg, socioeconomic status). In addition, the quantitative relationship between climate and vector-borne diseases is inconsistent. Further research should be conducted among different populations with various climatic/ecological regions by using appropriate statistical models.

scholarly journals Epidemiological situations and control strategies of vector-borne diseases in Nepal during 1998–2016

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 478-493
Author(s):  
Shanker Bahadur Shrestha ◽  
Uttam Raj Pyakurel ◽  
Mukti Khanal ◽  
Murari Upadhyay ◽  
Kesara Na-Bangchang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Vector Borne Diseases ◽  
Kala Azar ◽  
Vector Borne ◽  
And Control

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate epidemiology and control strategies of the four priority vector-borne diseases (VBDs) in Nepal, i.e. malaria, Kala-azar (visceral leishmaniasis), lymphatic filariasis (LF) and dengue fever/dengue hemorrhagic fever. Design/methodology/approach The study was a retrospective design to collect data during 1998–2016 from VBDs endemic districts of Nepal. All data were reviewed and epidemiological information of the four VBDs were analyzed. Findings The number of malaria cases during 1998–2016 of the 13 affected districts was declined from 8,498 to 991 cases with no record of deaths since 2012. The number of cases and deaths in the 12 kala-azar (visceral leishmaniasis) affected districts in 1998 was 1,409 and 42 cases, respectively, but was dramatically decreased in 2016 to 213 and 2 cases, respectively. LF cases of the 61 affected districts in 2011, 2014 and 2016 were 28,855, 30,000 and 33,517 cases, respectively. In total, 25 districts achieved elimination target and the remaining are expected to complete the needful cycles by 2018. Dengue incidence of the 31 affected districts during 2006–2015 was under controlled with reported cases of 642, 356 and 136 cases in 2013, 2014 and 2015, respectively, and only one death in 2015. Implementation of control strategies particularly disease management and community peoples’ awareness significantly reduced the cases and deaths of the target VBDs. Practical implications The results of this study clearly suggest that the current control strategies have been worked effectively. However, in particular of the VBDs, health education in communities in the endemic areas should be adopted for better community participation in the context of the primary health care approach and increase the effectiveness of disease control. Originality/value VBDs, i.e., malaria, kala-azar (visceral leishmaniasis), LF and dengue fever/dengue hemorrhagic fever, are major causes of morbidity and mortality in the least developed countries which include Nepal. Globalization of travel and trading, unplanned urbanization, environmental and climate change are having a significant impact on disease transmission. Therefore, the Ministry of Health of Nepal had brought some changes in strategies based on activities for disease control, vector control, preventive and preparedness for outbreak response. Consequently, the cases and deaths due to malaria, kala-azar (visceral leishmaniasis), lymphatic filaiasis and dengue fever/dengue hemorrhagic fever have been brought down markedly.

scholarly journals A Kuri Beef (Bos Taurus) Imported From The Lake Chad Has Introduced Hyalomma Impeltatum (Acari: Ixodidae), An Anthropophilic Tick To Gabon

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dieudonne Moubamba Mbina ◽  
G. D. Maganga ◽  
A. Ndoutoume Ndong
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Zoonotic Diseases ◽  
Lake Chad ◽  
Vector Borne Diseases ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Rickettsia Africae ◽  
Border Trade ◽  
Vector Borne

The cross-border trade cattle, involve the movement of several thousands of animals with the risk of introduction of zoonotic diseases and vector borne-diseases between the countries. It was during a trade transaction that a kuri beef (Bos Taurus) coming from the lake chad area in order to cover the needs in meat of the populations of Gabon has introduced Hyalomma impeltatum an anthropophilic tick. The risk of introduction in Gabon of pathogens such as the arbovirus Sindbis and Dhori; the virus of Crimea-Congo hemorrhagic fever, Rickettsia africae as well as Rickettsia aeschilmannii is a real threat for public health. The treatment of cattle with effective acaricides at the frontier before entering to Gabon can prevent the introduction of ticks and tick borne diseases.

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