Influence of Meteorological Conditions in Precarpathian on Morfological and Parameters of Oil Flax
The article presents the results of a ten-year study of oil flax varieties of different ecological and geographical origin in the conditions of Precarpathian region. The aim of the study was to analyze the influence of weather conditions in Precarpathian on the formation of the main morphological and biochemical parameters of oil flax. The research was conducted during 2009–2018 on the basis of the research plot at Drohobych Ivan Franko State Pedagogical University (Precarpathian zone). The objects of the study were varieties of oil flax obtained from the flax breeding laboratory of the Institute of Oilseed Crops NAAS. The experiments were based on generally accepted methods and recommendations. Varieties were sown on two-meter plots using the typical row method with row spacing of 15 cm. The weather conditions of the research were contrasting and reflected the features of the regional climate. It was found that the climatic conditions of the growing years influenced the manifestation of such signs as “plant height”, “weight of 1000 seeds” and “oil content in seeds”. The height of oil flax plants for the period 2009–2018 varied from 51.4–70.1 cm. Wet and warm weather led to a significant increase in the height of oil flax plants. Less rainfall during the growing season affected the formation of height stem for all varieties. The varieties of oil flax used in the studies differed in the weight of 1000 seeds in different years of cultivation. The highest level of the sign “mass of 1000 seeds” was for the variety Southern Night, and this index was the lowest for the variety Kivika in different years of cultivation. The year 2012 was the most favorable for the formation of the mass of 1000 seeds of oil flax. Compared to rest years of study, all varieties showed the highest productivity in this year. The lowest level of the index “weight of 1000 seeds” was observed in 2010. It was found that the weather conditions of growing years affected the oil content in oil flax. The Southern Night variety was the most stable variety by this index among the other varieties with an oil content of 43-45% in different years of cultivation. The relative fluctuation of the oil content for this variety did not exceed 3%. The results of the study showed that the climatic conditions of Precarpathian region are favorable for the cultivation of oil flax and affect the manifestation of morphological and biochemical characteristics.