scholarly journals CURRENT COLLAPSE MEASUREMENTS IN PULSED GAN TRANSISTORS

Author(s):  
I. M. Abolduev ◽  
N. V. Alkeev ◽  
V. S. Belyaev ◽  
E. V. Kaevitser ◽  
I. D. Kashlakov

The article discusses the issues of design and methodology related to the current-voltage (I-V) characteristics of a GaN HEMT. Reliable I-V characteristics show the operability of a semiconductor device, provide initial data for functional application of the device, and provide insight into the quality and reproducibility of the technological process. The type and behavior of I–V characteristics are influenced by the design and technological features of a GaN HEMT. Measurements of I-V characteristics in continuous and pulsed operation modes provide more details about the electrical and thermal characteristics of the devices under study.

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (01n02) ◽  
pp. 1640001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirwazul Islam ◽  
Grigory Simin

We present a simple yet accurate model describing current-voltage characteristics of GaN-HEMT power switches in presence of carrier trapping often referred to as current collapse. The model accounts for time-dependent changes in the source-gate and gate-drain resistances after application of high drain voltage. The model also has a regime describing ‘fast’ current voltage characteristics when the applied voltage swing occurs within a period of time much shorter than the characteristic trapping – detrapping times. The model is written in Verilog-A and can be implemented in SPICE-type circuit simulators.


Author(s):  
Kinga Topolska ◽  
Adam Florkiewicz ◽  
Agnieszka Filipiak-Florkiewicz

This review provides insight into consumer attitudes toward functional food (FF), with the purpose of better understanding the needs and behavior regarding this kind of product. A total of 47 articles were selected for this paper. The available studies from last 20 years differ according to the focus (awareness, attitudes, motivations, willingness, acceptance by consumers) and methodologies used. Several factors, including socio-demographic, cognitive and attitudinal ones, seem to be serve as the basis for the acceptance of functional products. The research papers showed that nutritional knowledge is the most important of these. Older people are more interested in functional products than younger consumers, because of their stronger belief in the health benefits of FF. Moreover, women are more open to compromise between taste and health properties. Claims concerning the disease preventative properties of FF are the most attractive for consumers. This review focuses also on future perspectives for the functional food market. Adequate knowledge and evidence-based communication seem to be the most promising ways to increase consumers’ interest in these kinds of products.


2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 1410-1429
Author(s):  
Claire Wilson ◽  
Tommy van Steen ◽  
Christabel Akinyode ◽  
Zara P. Brodie ◽  
Graham G. Scott

Technology has given rise to online behaviors such as sexting. It is important that we examine predictors of such behavior in order to understand who is more likely to sext and thus inform intervention aimed at sexting awareness. We used the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) to examine sexting beliefs and behavior. Participants (n = 418; 70.3% women) completed questionnaires assessing attitudes (instrumental and affective), subjective norms (injunctive and descriptive), control perceptions (self-efficacy and controllability) and intentions toward sexting. Specific sexting beliefs (fun/carefree beliefs, perceived risks and relational expectations) were also measured and sexting behavior reported. Relationship status, instrumental attitude, injunctive norm, descriptive norm and self-efficacy were associated with sexting intentions. Relationship status, intentions and self-efficacy related to sexting behavior. Results provide insight into the social-cognitive factors related to individuals’ sexting behavior and bring us closer to understanding what beliefs predict the behavior.


2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 626-628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Robbins ◽  
Azizi Seixas ◽  
Antoinette Schoenthaler

Abstract A robust literature exists that draws on social network approaches to understand connections among individuals, and healthcare and behavior-related implications. This article offers commentary on the scoping review conducted by Dugoff et al. that examines “patient-sharing” networks, their characteristics, and various methodological approaches. The scoping review conducted by Dugoff et al. examines the characteristics and methods employed in patient-sharing network studies. It identified the most common measures used in patient-sharing network research, as well as theories used in patient-sharing network studies. Dugoff et al. also identified many studies that examined healthcare utilization considerations for patient sharing. Understanding the connections between providers and the flow of patients between providers could lend insight into barriers and enablers to efficient healthcare systems.


2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-72
Author(s):  
Hadarah Rajab

Abstract Tasawuf and Sufism have succeeded in donating their contributions to Islam. Follow conquering the nations that have not been touched by Islamic teachings. Its influence is most likely to reach Bangka whose motives could have an impact on the Muslim Community of multicultural Pangkalpinang City, also known as the Malay Muslim community that has a common sense with the Sumatran Muslim community in general (Palembang, Bengkulu, Padang, Riau to Aceh). Malay Islamic societies are more dominant and can coexist with more Chinese societies after Christianity, Christianity, Hinduism, and Buddhism, attracting them because they can show the phenomenon of peaceful and mutual respectful peoples. Of course, this is important to be explored and can be used as a pilot icon for especially for conflict-laden areas. The initial data compiled by the researchers is that there is a positive indication that behind the harmony and peace of religion, especially for the ummah of Islam, it can be assumed that the general character of Pangkalpinang has its own characteristic, the influence of tarekat teachings, in general, can be expected to follow the attitudes and behavior of Muslim community in Bangka city , as well as the influence of Khalifah Naqsyabandiyah's teachings in particular is synonymous with the teachings of self-awareness and repentance from taking care of the religion and the beliefs of others. Their religious cultures are framed by the spiritual values of Sufism that are strong in their respective religions, as for the followers of Islam and the Islamic religion, they believe the supernatural powers that grow from the pure tasawuf of Islam which is then known as Sufism.   Abstrak Tasawuf dan sufisme telah berhasil menyumbangkan andilnya yang tidak sedikit terhadap perluasan Islam. Ikut menaklukkan bangsa-bangsa yang selama ini belum tersentuh ajaran Islam. Pengaruhnya tentu sangat mungkin sampai ke Bangka yang motifnya bisa berdampak pada Masyarakat Muslim Kota Pangkalpinang yang multikultural juga dikenal sebagai masyarakat Islam Melayu yang memiliki matarantai dengan masyarakat Islam Sumatra secara umum (Palembang, Bengkulu, Padang, Riau hingga Aceh). Masyarakat Islam Melayu lebih dominan dan dapat hidup berdampingan dengan masyarakat Cina yang lebih banyak setelah ummat Islam, demikian Kristen, Hindu dan Budha, menariknya karena dapat menunjukkan fenomena masyarakat yang hidup damai dan saling menghormati satu sama lain. Tentu hal ini penting dieksplorasi dan bisa dijadikan sebagai icon wilayah percontohan khususnya untuk wilayah yang sarat dengan konflik. Data awal yang dihimpun oleh penelitiyaitu ada indikasi positive bahwa dibalik keharmonisan dan kedamaian menjalankan agama khususnya bagi ummat Islam, dapat diasumsikan bahwa keberagamaan masyarakat Pangkalpinang memiliki ciri khas tersendiri, pengaruh ajaran tarekat secara umum dapat diduga ikut mewarnai sikap dan perilaku masyarakat muslim di kota Bangka, demikian juga pengaruh khususnya ajaran tarekat Naqsyabandiyah Khalidiyah memang identik dengan ajaran yang mengedepankan kesadaran diri sendiri dan pertobatan dari pada mengurus agama dan keyakinan orang lain. Kultur keberagamaan mereka terbingkai oleh nilai-nilai Spiritual Sufisme yang kental di masing-masing agama yang dijalankannya, demikian bagi penganut agama dan spiritual Islam Melayu, mereka meyakini kekuatan supranatural yang tumbuh dari tasawuf yang murni Islam yang kemudian dikenal dengan istilah sufisme.   Kata Kunci: Peran Sufisme Tarekat Naqsyabandiyah Khalidiyah Terhadap Perkembangan  Keagamaan Islam Melayu


2001 ◽  
Vol 680 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.B. Klein ◽  
S.C. Binari ◽  
K. Ikossi ◽  
A.E. Wickenden ◽  
D.D. Koleske ◽  
...  

ABSTRACTPhotoionization spectroscopy (PS) measurements, previously carried out for the GaN MESFET, have been extended to the more complicated AlGaN/GaN HEMT structures. In all cases, the spectra revealed that the same two traps causing current collapse in the high resistivity (HR) GaN buffer layer of the MESFET were also responsible for current collapse in the HEMT structures. The HR buffer layers supporting the HEMT structures were prepared by MOVPE at varying growth pressures, in order to vary the incorporation of deep trapping centers. Lower growth pressures were observed to correlate with more severe current collapse and with an enhanced incorporation of carbon. Detailed analysis of the PS data suggests that one of the two responsible traps is related to carbon, while the other may be associated with structural defects in the material.


Author(s):  
Carey K. Morewedge ◽  
Daniella M. Kupor

Intuitions, attitudes, images, mind-wandering, dreams, and religious messages are just a few of the many kinds of uncontrolled thoughts that intrude on consciousness spontaneously without a clear reason. Logic suggests that people might thus interpret spontaneous thoughts as meaningless and be uninfluenced by them. By contrast, our survey of this literature indicates that the lack of an obvious external source or motive leads people to attribute considerable meaning and importance to spontaneous thoughts. Spontaneous thoughts are perceived to provide meaningful insight into the self, others, and the world. As a result of these metacognitive appraisals, spontaneous thoughts substantially affect the beliefs, attitudes, decisions, and behavior of the thinker. We present illustrative examples of the metacognitive appraisals by which people attribute meaning to spontaneous secular and religious thoughts, and the influence of these thoughts on judgment and decision-making, attitude formation and change, dream interpretation, and prayer discernment.


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