scholarly journals Effect of the duration of feeding iodine-containing preparation to pregnant cows on the immunobiochemical status of newborn calves

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Т.В. КРУЧИНКИНА
Keyword(s):  
Immune Complexes ◽  
Phagocytic Activity ◽  
Iodine Content ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Amur Region ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Newborn Calves ◽  
Increased Activity ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Normal Antibodies

Амурская область принадлежит к биогеохимической провинции с низким содержанием йода. Введение глубокостельным коровам йодсодержащего препарата «Вангцейод» в профилактической дозе в течение 60 дней сопровождалось изменениями в клеточной системе иммунитета полученных от них телят, а именно: оказало стимулирующее влияние на фагоцитарную активность нейтрофилов, их агрессивность и поглотительную способность. У телят опытной группы показатели гуморального звена защиты были выше, чем в контроле, что подтверждалось более высоким содержанием иммуноглобулинов (на 13 %), циркулирующих иммунных комплексов (на 60,7 %), титра нормальных антител (на 68,4 %) и повышением активности лизоцима на 22,6 %. Применение йодсодержащего препарата в зоне йодной недостаточности нормализует обменные процессы и усиливает иммунобиохимическую защиту организма животных, что позволяет повысить продуктивность коров и сохранность новорожденных телят. The Amur Region belongs to a biogeochemical province with low iodine content. The introduction of the iodine-containing drug “Vangzeyod” to pregnant cows in a preventive dose for 60 days was accompanied by changes in the cellular system of immunity of calves received from them, namely: had a stimulating effect on the phagocytic activity of neutrophils, their aggressiveness and absorption capacity. In the experimental group of calves, the indicators of humoral protection were higher than in the control group, that was confirmed by a higher content of immunoglobulins (by 13 %), circulating immune complexes (by 60.7 %), the titer of normal antibodies (by 68.4 %), and an increased activity of lysozyme by 22.6 %. The use of an iodine-containing drug in the zone of iodine deficiency normalizes metabolic processes and strengthens the immunobiochemical protection of the animal body, which allows increasing the productivity of cows and the safety of newborn calves.

scholarly journals The cell protection of weated pigs for probiotics

2020 ◽  
pp. 111-119
Author(s):  
L. Bondarenko
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Phagocytic Activity ◽  
Lysozyme Activity ◽  
The State ◽  
Natural Resistance ◽  
Phagocytic Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stressful Situation ◽  
Experimental Group

The immune system is central to ensuring the consistency of the body's homeostasis. The state of the body's natural resistance is determined by a set of non-specific protective mechanisms. Lymphocytes and phagocytes are actively involved in maintaining immunity. Lymphocytes recognize the antigens of pathogenic microorganisms, and phagocytes absorb and destroy the pathogens themselves. During the weaning of piglets from sows there is a decrease in the protective forces of their body. During this period, the natural resistance of the piglets is reduced due to the stressful situation caused by changing conditions of confinement, the transition to full feed and lack of sows. The immune system of weaning pigs is relatively weak, so when exposed to environmental and technological stressors, they become susceptible to various diseases. The use of probiotic drugs stimulates the activity of the immune system, prevents stress and immunodeficiency. One of these probiotics is the probiotic of domestic production Protecto-active. It w observed the the influence of the probiotic Protecto-active on the indices of nonspecific resistance of the young pigs organism to the growth. An increase in bactericidal activity of blood serum by 12.10% (P <0.05) and lysozyme activity of blood in the piglets of the experimental group was increased by 3.71% compared to control, which indicates the activation of the body's defenses and the increase in adaptive capacity. An important step in the study of the influence of the probiotic Protekto-active on the state of the immune system is to determine the phagocytic activity of neutrophils, phagocytic index and phagocytic number. In the experimental group of piglets that were fed the probiotic Protecto-active, we found an increase in leukocyte phagocytic activity by 9.0% (P <0.001), a phagocytic index by 51.7% (P<0.001) and a phagocytic number by 24.8% ( P <0.01) compared with the control group. Thus, using a probiotic Protecto-active, all indicators of phagocytosis increase: the number of phagocytes increases, their ability to capture microorganisms and increases their digestive capacity, it increases the bacterial and lysozyme activity of blood serum, which is positively reflected in the immunobiosity. Key words: probiotic, phagocytosis, phagocytic index, phagocytic number, phagocytic activity of leukocytes, cellular immunity, piglets

scholarly journals The influence of dietary supplementation with the leucine metabolite β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) on chemotaxis, phagocytosis and respiratory burst of peripheral blood granulocytes and monocytes in calves

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Wójcik ◽  
Joanna Małaczewska ◽  
Grzegorz Zwierzchowski ◽  
Jan Miciński ◽  
Edyta Kaczorek-Łukowska
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Metabolism ◽  
Respiratory Burst ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Phagocytic Activity ◽  
Chemotactic Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cell Mediated Immunity ◽  
Specific Cell ◽  
Group I ◽  
Experimental Group

Abstract Background The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of HMB on the chemotactic activity, phagocytic activity and respiratory burst of peripheral blood granulocytes and monocytes in calves. Method The experiment was performed on 14 calves aged 30±2 days, divided into two equal groups of control (group I) and experimental (group II) animals. The feed administered to experimental group calves was supplemented with HMB (Metabolic Technologies Inc. Ames, IA, USA) at 40 mg/kg BW, whereas control calves were administered standard farm-made feed without supplementation. Blood was sampled from the jugular vein immediately before the experiment (day 0) and on experimental days 15, 30 and 60 to determine: chemotactic activity (MIGRATEST® kit), phagocytic activity (PHAGOTEST® kit) and respiratory burst (BURSTTEST® kit) of peripheral blood granulocytes and monocytes by flow cytometry. Results An analysis of granulocyte and monocyte chemotactic activity and phagocytic activity revealed significantly higher levels of phagocytic activity in calves administered HMB than in the control group, expressed in terms of the percentage of phagocytising cells and mean fluorescence intensity (MFI). HMB also had a positive effect on the oxidative metabolism of both granulocytes and monocytes after stimulation with Escherichia coli bacteria and with PMA (4-phorbol-12-β-myristate-13-acetate), expressed in terms of the percentage of oxidative metabolism and MFI. Conclusion HMB stimulates non-specific cell-mediated immunity, which is a very important consideration in newborn calves that are exposed to adverse environmental factors in the first weeks of their life. The supplementation of animal diets with HMB for both preventive and therapeutic purposes can also reduce the use of antibiotics in animal production.

scholarly journals The influence of dietary supplementation with the leucine metabolite β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) on the chemotaxis, phagocytosis and respiratory burst of peripheral blood granulocytes and monocytes in calves

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Wójcik ◽  
Joanna Małaczewska ◽  
Grzegorz Zwierzchowski ◽  
Jan Miciński ◽  
Edyta Kaczorek-Łukowska
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Metabolism ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Phagocytic Activity ◽  
Chemotactic Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cell Mediated Immunity ◽  
Specific Cell ◽  
Newborn Calves ◽  
Leucine Metabolite ◽  
Positive Effect

Abstract Background A healthy immune system plays a particularly important role in newborns, including in calves that are far more susceptible to infections (viral, bacterial and other) than adult individuals. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the influence of HMB on the chemotactic activity (MIGRATEST® kit), phagocytic activity (PHAGOTEST® kit) and oxidative burst (BURSTTEST® kit) of monocytes and granulocytes in the peripheral blood of calves by flow cytometry.Results An analysis of granulocyte and monocyte chemotactic activity and phagocytic activity revealed significantly higher levels of phagocytic activity in calves administered HMB than in the control group, expressed in terms of the percentage of phagocytising cells and mean fluorescence intensity (MFI). HMB also had a positive effect on the oxidative metabolism of monocytes and granulocytes stimulated with PMA (4-phorbol-12-β-myristate-13-acetate) and Escherichia coli bacteria, expressed as MFI values and the percentage of oxidative metabolism.Conclusion HMB stimulates non-specific cell-mediated immunity, which is a very important consideration in newborn calves that are exposed to adverse environmental factors in the first weeks of their life. The supplementation of animal diets with HMB for both preventive and therapeutic purposes can also reduce the use of antibiotics in animal production.

scholarly journals Effects of clinoptilolite addition to colostrum on the concentration of serum proteins, minerals, enzyme activities in neonatal calves

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 2290-2296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simona Marc Zarcula ◽  
Călin Mircu ◽  
Gheorghe Bonc ◽  
Danijela Kirovski ◽  
Gabriel Otavă ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Serum Iron ◽  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Jugular Vein ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Calcium Phosphorus ◽  
Newborn Calves ◽  
Neonatal Calves ◽  
Experimental Group

The objective of our research was to determine the effects of colostrum supplementation with clinoptilolite on concentrations of serum proteins, minerals and enzyme activities in newborn calves. Twenty newborn calves that were divided into control group (n=10) which received colostrum and experimental group (n=10) that received colostrum with 0.5% clinoptilolite added in the first three colostrum meals were studied. Blood samples were collected from jugular vein in vacutainer tubes from all calves prior to colostrum intake and after that, at 24 and 48 h after birth. Samples were analyzed for total protein, albumin, α1-globulin, α2-globulin, ß-globulin, γ-globulin, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, iron, gamma glutamyltransferase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase. Clinoptilolite supplementation had significant effect (p<0.0006) on serum iron concentrations in experimental (27.64±3.78 µmol/l) vs control group (8.93±1.26 µmol/l) after 48h. GGT values were also significantly higher (p<0.04) in E (163.60±26.67 U/l) than in C group (84.01±19.77 U/l) at 48h after parturition. Other parameters analyzed were unaffected by clinoptilolite treatment. Obtained data revealed that colostrum supplemented with clinoptilolite had positive effects on some mineral parameters.

scholarly journals INDICATORS OF PHAGOCYTOSIS OF GRANULOCYTES NEUTROPHILES IN COWS BLOOD SICK ON SUBCLINICAL FORM OF MASTITIS AND UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF PREPARATION «ANTYMAST»

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (3(71)) ◽  
pp. 244-247
Author(s):  
G. Sobko
Keyword(s):  
Research Group ◽  
Phagocytic Activity ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Phagocytic Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Spring Period ◽  
Blood Neutrophils ◽  
Experimental Researches ◽  
Mastitis Control

The article contains the results ofthe experimental researches of the influence of preparation «Antymast», is made from natural bee raw material, on the indicators of neutrophils granulocytes phagocytosis of cows blood, which have subclinical form of mastitis.The research was conducted during the spring period on two groups of cows of Black–Spotted Dairy breeds (2–3 lactation) 5 – 7 animals in each group.The cows before starting the investigations were diagnosed with the help of viscose metric express method for subclinical forms of mastitis: control group – clinically healthy animals, research group – with signs of subclinical mastitis.Cows from the research group were administered intracisternally with one injection of syringe tube (13 ml) three times at intervals of 24 hours of preparation «Antymast»in the affected udder quarters, half of the therapeutic dose was prophylactically injected into the healthy quarter of breast.It was established that in cows, sick on subclinical form of mastitis, was observed the activation of phagocytic activity of blood granulocytes neutrophils against decrease in phagocytic index (p < 0,05) and the number and increase (p < 0,05) spontaneous NBT test.Intracisternal introduction of preparation «Antymast» to sick cows contributed to the normalization of phagocytic activity of blood neutrophils and increase their absorption capacity and the reduction of NBT test (p < 0,05). 

scholarly journals The influence of dietary supplementation with the leucine metabolite β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) on the chemotaxis, phagocytosis and respiratory burst of peripheral blood granulocytes and monocytes in calves

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Wójcik ◽  
Joanna Małaczewska ◽  
Grzegorz Zwierzchowski ◽  
Jan Miciński ◽  
Edyta Kaczorek-Łukowska
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Metabolism ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Phagocytic Activity ◽  
Chemotactic Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cell Mediated Immunity ◽  
Specific Cell ◽  
Newborn Calves ◽  
Escherichia Coli Bacteria ◽  
Leucine Metabolite

Abstract Background A healthy immune system plays a particularly important role in newborns, including in calves that are far more susceptible to infections (viral, bacterial and other) than adult individuals. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the influence of HMB on the chemotactic activity (MIGRATEST® kit), phagocytic activity (PHAGOTEST® kit) and oxidative burst (BURSTTEST® kit) of monocytes and granulocytes in the peripheral blood of calves by flow cytometry. Results An analysis of granulocyte and monocyte chemotactic activity and phagocytic activity revealed significantly higher levels of phagocytic activity in calves administered HMB than in the control group, expressed in terms of the percentage of phagocytising cells and mean fluorescence intensity (MFI). HMB also had a positive effect on the oxidative metabolism of monocytes and granulocytes stimulated with PMA (4-phorbol-12-β-myristate-13-acetate) and Escherichia coli bacteria, expressed as MFI values and the percentage of oxidative metabolism. Conclusion HMB stimulates non-specific cell-mediated immunity, which is a very important consideration in newborn calves that are exposed to adverse environmental factors in the first weeks of their life. The supplementation of animal diets with HMB for both preventive and therapeutic purposes can also reduce the use of antibiotics in animal production.

Keeping method influence on newborn calves organism

2020 ◽  
pp. 23-24
Author(s):  
Vera N. Makarova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Natural Resistance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
General Tendency ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Newborn Calves ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Observation Period

The article reflects observations on calves with different ways of keeping. Two groups of newborn calves were selected at the dairy complex (n=33). The calves of the control group were raised indoors in the traditional way in individual cages, and the experimental group was outdoors in the houses. The experiment was conducted from March to June. For the first 10 days, all calves were measured body temperature, pulse, respiration, blood samples for 1, 5, 10, 20 and 30 days of life were studied, incidence was taken into account. The heart rate in both groups gradually decreased by day 10. In the experimental group, this decrease was less pronounced and on average over the observation period, the pulse rate was 128 or 8 beats higher than in the control. The respiratory rate in calves of both groups had a general tendency to decrease. In experimental calves, this indicator was more constant than in controls. In calves of the experimental group, the average daily gain was 69.0 g higher, and the incidence was 14.9% lower compared to the calves of the control group. Authors established activation of metabolism, increase in natural resistance, weight gain and decrease in the incidence of disease in calves bred in the open air in individual houses.

scholarly journals The effect of Leiber Beta-S (1,3-1,6-β-D-glucan) on the phagocytic activity and oxidative metabolism of peripheral blood granulocytes and monocytes in calves

2014 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 347-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Wójcik
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Oxidative Metabolism ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Phagocytic Activity ◽  
Mean Fluorescence Intensity ◽  
Jugular Vein ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Experimental Group

The effect of the Leiber Beta-S (1,3-1,6-β-D-glucan) dietary supplement on the phagocytic activity (Phagotest) and oxidative metabolism (Phagoburst) of peripheral blood granulocytes and monocytes in calves was determined by flow cytometry. Fourteen animals were divided into two groups: a control group without dietary supplementation and an experimental group administered 50 mg/kg body weight/day of 1,3-1,6-β-D-glucan for 60 days. At the beginning of the experiment (day 0) and on days 15, 30 and 60, blood was sampled from the jugular vein to determine and compare immunological indicators. Leiber Beta-S significantly influenced (P ≤ 0.05, P ≤ 0.01, P ≤ 0.001) the percentages of phagocytic granulocytes (days 15 and 30) and monocytes (days 15, 30 and 60), and the percentage of bacteria engulfed by granulocytes (days 15 and 30) and monocytes (day 30). Leiber Beta-S increased the percentage of cells generating a respiratory burst in the population of granulocytes stimulated with fMLP (N-formyl-met-leu-phe) (day 15), PMA (4-phorbol-12-β-myristate-13-acetate) and Escherichia coli bacteria (days 15 and 30), and in the population of monocytes stimulated with fMLP (day 30), PMA (days 30 and 60) and E. coli (days 15, 30 and 60). The analyzed supplement increased mean fluorescence intensity in granulocytes stimulated with E. coli and fMLP (days 15 and 30) and PMA (days 30 and 60) as well as in monocytes stimulated with PMA, E. coli and fMLP (day 60). The findings of this study contribute to a better understanding of the effects of Leiber Beta-S on phagocytosis in calves, which have not been investigated to date.

scholarly journals Interconnection of the immune system and the intensity of the oxidative processes under conditions of prolonged exposure to small doses of radiation

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. L. Sokolenko ◽  
S. V. Sokolenko ◽  
V. I. Sheiko ◽  
O. V. Kovalenko
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Phagocytic Activity ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oxidative Stress Index ◽  
Small Doses ◽  
Oxidative Processes ◽  
Experimental Group

This research studied the interrelationship between the immune and oxidative-antioxidant systems in a group of individuals who had lived for a long time in areas contaminated with radionuclides after the Chernobyl catastrophe and as a result experienced prolonged exposure to small doses of ionizing radiation. We have examined a group of 100 students aged 18–24, where 50 of them formed the control group and the remaining 50 belonged to the experimental group as they arrived from the territories of enhanced radioecological control (IV radiation zone, density of soil contamination by isotope 137Cs 3.7 x 104 – 18.5 x 104 Bq/m2). Here we determined the level of cortisol, leukocytes and their populations, the levels of lymphocyte subpopulations with phenotypes CD3+, CD5+, CD4+, CD8+, CD16+, CD72+, immunoregulatory index CD4+/CD8+, indicators of phagocytic activity of neutrophils and monocytes, IgG (H), IgM (H), IgA (H), malondialdehyde (MDA), ceruloplasmin (CP), transferrin (Tr), sulfhydryl (SH); and also calculated the oxidative stress index (OSI). We performed the analysis twice: in the absence/presence of additional emotional stress such as an examination session. The studies showed an increase in the oxidative stress index in the group examined from the experimental cluster, especially in terms of emotional stress. At the same time, the neutrophil level increased, but phagocytic activity of neutrophils and monocytes, the relative and absolute number of lymphocytes with phenotypes CD3+, CD5+, CD4+, CD4+/CD8+, and IgG levels decreased. Consequently we revealed the negative correlation between the indexes of oxidative stress in the group of examined (the oxidative stress index (ISO)/the level of malonic dialdehyde (MDA)) and the parameters of phagocytic activity of monocytes, the immunoregulatory index CD4+/CD8+, and the number of lymphocytes with the CD16+ phenotype. In this study we demonstrated the decrease in the participation of ceruloplasmin (CP) as an important antioxidant factor in maintaining the immune homeostasis of the group examined from radiation-contaminated areas compared with control group. The evidence of this is the lack of reliable correlation between ceruloplasmin level and immune system parameters. Moreover we found that radiation-induced intensification of oxidative processes in the experimental group grew in conditions of additional stresses of an emotional nature. Besides, it was accompanied by a significant correlation in the level of oxidative stress and phagocytic activity parameters. Reducing phagocytic activity and the CD4+/CD8+ index on the background of oxidative stress increase can be considered as a sign of immune system ageing, while a decrease in the number of lymphocytes with the CD16+ phenotype is a sign of antitumor defense inhibition. Thus, we draw the conclusion that the inhabitants of the territories of strengthened radioecological control, undergoing exposure to small doses of ionizing radiation from birth, show a significant imbalance of redox homeostasis, which creates the preconditions for immunoreactivity pathology development at the level of both innate and acquired immunity.

HEMATOLOGICAL INDICATORS OF CALVES IN THE PREVENTION OF HYPOELEMENTOSIS IN THE AMUR REGION

2020 ◽  
pp. 148-153
Author(s):  
N. N. Malkova ◽  
◽  
М. Е. Ostyakova ◽  
S.А. Sherbinina ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
Color Index ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Amur Region ◽  
Hemoglobin Level ◽  
Blood Oxygenation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hematological Indicators ◽  
Experimental Group

Hematological studies were conducted in calves in dynamics during the prophylaxis of hypo-elementosis in the Amur region. The object of the study was calves (breed-Holstein, age-up to two months). The selected animals were divided into two equivalent groups: control and experimental. In the control group, planned measures were taken to prevent hypo - elementosis; in the experimental group, complex injectable drugs were used: Se-containing and tissue. Laboratory tests of calves ‘ blood were performed at the beginning and end of the experiment with determining the number of red blood cells, white blood cells, hemoglobin level, calculating the color index, differential counting of white blood cells and calculating the color index. It was established that the quality of blood oxygenation in calves of the experimental group improved. This is confirmed by the regeration to the standard values of hemoglobin level and color index as a result of their growth by 28 and 17%, respectively. At the end of the experimental period, the percentage of conditionally healthy calves was 80 % in the experimental group and 40 % in the control group. Thus, it should be noted that the proposed scheme of complex application of Se-containing and tissue preparations contributed to the normalization of erythropoiesis processes and increased the resistance of calves to diseases by 40 %.

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